Patent Grant
PP34869
Latin name: Vitis L. hybrid.
Varietal denomination: ‘Dazzle’.
The new and distinct cultivar of grapevine named ‘Dazzle’ is described herein. The new cultivar originated from a hand-pollinated cross of ‘Gewürztraminer’ (not patented) x ‘Melody’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,159) made in 1991. The seedlings fruited in the summer of 1995 in a vineyard near Clarksville, Ark. and one was selected for its potential as a wine grape for utilization in the Mid-South of the United States. The original vine was tested as ‘Ark. 2574’. The new cultivar is a pink-skinned (white) wine grape which provides advancement in cold hardiness as well as a light, fruity flavor in wine produced from the grapes.
The new and distinct cultivar of grapevine originated from a hand-pollinated cross of ‘Gewürztraminer’ (not patented) x ‘Melody’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,159) made in 1991 near Clarksville, Ark. The seeds resulting from this controlled hybridization were germinated in a greenhouse during the winter of 1991-92. Resulting seedlings were planted in the spring of 1992 in a vineyard near Clarksville, Ark. The seedlings fruited in the summer of 1995 and one seedling, designated Arkansas Selection 2574, was selected for its potential for processing and market production as a wine grape.
During late 1995 and early 1996, the original plant selection was propagated asexually at the above-noted location, by rooting hardwood cuttings. A test planting of three vines was established. In all propagations, hardwood cuttings were used and the selection rooted readily from hardwood cuttings. All propagules (resulting plants) of the new cultivar have been observed to be true to type in that during all asexual multiplication, the vegetative and fruit characteristics of the original plant have been maintained. All vines planted from hardwood cutting propagation fruited in the third season of growth in the vineyard after planting.
Vines of the new cultivar have good growth, not being excessively vigorous and good health as exhibited by good leaf color and limited disease presence. It has produced well as own-rooted plants in all testing and has not been evaluated on any rootstocks. Adaptation to the Arkansas test site is very good as winter injury or heat damage were minimal.
The health of the new cultivar is good. Vines were evaluated for presence of the following diseases and found to be moderately resistant to powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator Schw. (syns. Uncinula necator (Schw.) Burr., E. tuckeri Berk., U. americana Howe, and U. spiralis Berk. & Curt; anamorph Oidium tuckeri Berk.), downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola Berl. & de Toni.), but were not tested for resistance to anthrancnose (Elsinoë ampelina Shear), and black rot (Guignardia bidwellii Viala & Ravaz). Fungal diseases can be fully controlled by the use of available fungicides.
The new cultivar average harvest date is 15 August in Clarksville, Ark. The berries are small (ca. 1.9 g) and globose in shape. Fruit is seeded. The flavor of the grape is light and semi-fruity and soluble solids averaged 19.4%. Fruit cracking and skin splitting has not been observed in severe rainfall pressure seasons. Clusters are medium, with compact cluster-fill. Average cluster weight is 162.3 g in Arkansas. Yield averages 9.8 kg/vine in Arkansas.
The flavor attributes for the new cultivar are reflective of commercial standards for quality juice and wine. Wine of the new cultivar is comparable to white wine hybrids and V. vinifera. Soluble solids and titratable acidity concentration of the juice at crush averages 19.9% and 0.70% respectively. Juice pH averages 3.27. The crush juice yield is 6.5 kg of grapes for 3.8 L of juice.
The new cultivar has been named ‘Dazzle’.
The accompanying photographs show typical specimens of the new cultivar in color as nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make in a color illustration of this character. The data collection was from vines that were 23 years old.
‘Dazzle’ differs from its female parent, ‘Gewürztraminer’, in that it ripens earlier in the season. ‘Dazzle’ differs from its white-skinned male parent, ‘Melody’, in that the fruit skin color is pink on ‘Dazzle’. The soluble solids content of ‘Dazzle’ averages 19.4%, in contrast to 18.6% average soluble solid content of ‘Melody’. Average yield of ‘Dazzle’ (9.8 kg/vine) is similar to that of ‘Melody’ (9.7 kg/vine). ‘Dazzle’ is distinctly different from similar varieties of grapevines currently cultivated. The proposed variety has higher soluble solids than ‘Opportunity’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 30,425) which averages 17.3%. Ripe berries are 1 g smaller than ‘Opportunity’.
The following is a detailed description of the botanical and pomological characteristics of the subject grapevine. Color data are presented in Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart designations, 1986 version, second edition.
Where dimensions, sizes, colors and other characteristics are given, it is to be understood that such characteristics are approximations of averages set forth as accurately as practicable.
The descriptions reported herein are from specimens grown near Clarksville, Ark. Vines used for measurement were irrigated using trickle (drip) irrigation. Vines were fertilized annually in spring with Nitrogen or complete fertilizers. No shoot or leaf thinning practices were conducted on the vines.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PP6159 | Reisch | Apr 1988 | P |
| PP30425 | Clark | Apr 2019 | P3 |
| Entry |
|---|
| Coneva et al. Investigations to Determine the Performance of Recently Released Seedless Table Grapes and Advanced Selections from the University of Arkansas Breeding Program, Hort Science 48(9) (Supplement) 2013 SR-ASHS Annual Meeding Feb. 2-5, 2013, S33-S34. (Year: 2013). |
| Double A Vineyards, Dazzle, retrieved on Jan. 25, 2022, retrieved from the Internet at https://doubleavineyards.com/dazzle, 2 pp. (Year: 2022). |
| Clark, J.R., et al. 2018. ‘Opportunity’ and ‘Enchantment’ wine grapes for the upper South of the United States. HortScience 53:1208-1211. |
| Mayfield, S. Winemaking potential for new Arkansas wine grapes. Presentation. Horticulture Industries Show. Tulsa, OK. Jan. 10, 2020. 33 pp. |
| McWhirt, A.L. et al. 2021. Small Fruit Cultivar Recommendations for Arkansas. University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture. FSA6130. https://www.uaex.edu/publications/PDF/FSA-6130.pdf, 8 pp. |
| Threlfall, R.T., et al. “‘Indulgence’ and ‘Dazzle’: Two New White Wine Grapes for the US Mid-South.” HortScience 57.3 (2022): 453-457. |
| Threlfall, R. T., et al. 2019. Evaluating Winemaking Potential for University of Arkansas Wine Grape Cultivars and Selections. HortScience 54(9) (Supplement 2)—2019 SR-ASHS Annual Meeting. P. S382. |
| Threlfall, R.T. et al. 2020. Introduction to the Arkansas Quality Wine Program. Arkansas Association of Grape Growers Virtual Conference. Nov. 5, 2020. Schedule. 1 page. |
