Patent Grant
PP36385
Botanical designation:
Genus and species: Vitis spp. hybrid.
Variety denomination: The new plant has the varietal denomination ‘ND054.27’.
Most grape varieties used for production of high-quality wines around the world are of the species Vitis vinifera. These V. vinifera varieties, when cultivated in northern regions of the United States with a continental climate, are often subject to serious injury or death from low temperatures during winter. Although several wild Vitis species occur in colder regions of North America and eastern Asia, the wine made from these species generally has serious defects. Thus, there is a need for grape varieties that are winter hardy yet produce fruit capable of yielding high quality wine.
‘ND054.27’ is a variety of grape (Vitis hybrid) suitable for white wine production and is well adapted to the Upper Midwest climate of the United States. ‘ND054.27’ is extremely high yielding and exhibits a high level of cold hardiness. ‘ND054.27’ showed limited cold temperature dieback (winter injury) in comparison to the cold hardy gris wine grape ‘Frontenac Gris’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 16,478). The fruit of ‘ND054.27’ produces a good quality, well balanced wine with notes of apple, melon, watermelon, pear, and citrus. ‘ND054.27’ exhibits good disease resistance, showing low susceptibility to powdery mildew (Uncinula necator), downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola), black rot (Guignardia bidwellii), and foliar phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae).
‘ND054.27’ originated from a hand-pollinated cross of ‘Frontenac Gris’ (female parent) and ‘Adalmiina’ (male parent, not patented) made in 2011. Asexual propagation of the new cultivar was accomplished by rooting hardwood cuttings in 2015 in Fargo, ND. Asexual propagation of the cultivar by rooted hardwood cuttings has determined that the characteristics are stable and true to type in successive generations.
‘ND054.27’ differs from female parent, ‘Frontenac Gris’, in that ND054.27 tended to have larger more compact clusters with larger berries. ND054.27 ripened berries classified as white and were not gris. ND054.27 berries ripened to lower brix and titratable acidity. Data collected in 2018 near Absaraka, ND reinforced observations where both (cultivars) were growing but not in the same trial with ND054.27 having 40% greater cluster weight and 124% greater berry weight.
‘ND054.27’ differs from male parent, ‘Adalmiina’, in that ND054.27 tended to have a more compact cluster ripening later and to lower brix. ND054.27 clusters were less prone to shatter. Overall, ND054.27 was less V. labrusca in appearance with stems and leaves more similar to its mother Frontenac Gris. Data collected in 2018 near Absaraka, ND indicated that ND054.27 was more cold hardy than ‘Adalmiina’, which had only four of 16 vines that produced fruit. ND054.27 clusters weighed 254% more than ‘Adalmiina’ and berry weight was 22% greater, but cluster weight may have been compromised from the cold temperature injury.
The following is a detailed botanical description of the new variety of grape plant, its flowers, fruit, foliage etc. as based on observations of various aged specimens grown in Absaraka, ND and Fargo, ND over the 2016-2021 growing seasons. All color references are taken from The Royal Horticultural Society (R.H.S.) Colour Chart, 5th Edition.
V. riparia, and V. labrusca.
This invention was made with government support under NI18HMFPXXXXG008, NI19HMFPXXXXG008, NI22HMFPXXXXG015, NI21HMFPXXXXG018, and NI20HMFPXXXXG005 awarded by the United States Department of Agriculture's National Institute for Food and Agriculture (USDA-NIFA) and AM200100XXXXG063 awarded by the United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service (USDA-AMS). The government has certain rights in the invention.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PP16478 | Luby et al. | Apr 2006 | P3 |
