Grapevine named ‘CABERNET VOLOS’

Abstract

A new and distinct variety of grapevine named ‘CABERNET VOLOS’, primarily suited to the growing conditions of the temperate regions, and characterized by its medium vigor; semi-erect growth habit; medium, pentagonal to circular shaped leaves; short-medium, dense, cylindrical berry clusters; dark blue berries with soft to slightly firm berry flesh, herbaceous taste, and no flesh coloration; and resistance to winter temperatures (to −24° C.), resistance to downy mildew, and tolerance to powdery mildew.

Description

Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: Vitis×vinifera (hybrid).

Variety name: ‘CABERNET VOLOS’.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a new and distinct summer/fall bearing grapevine variety, botanically known as Vitis×vinifera, and hereinafter referred to by the name ‘CABERNET VOLOS’.

The new grapevine ‘CABERNET VOLOS’ is a product of a controlled breeding program conducted by the inventors in Udine, Italy. The objective of the breeding program was to develop a new grapevine variety particularly characterized by resistance to cold (<−20° C.), resistance to downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola), and tolerance to powdery mildew (Uncinula necator).

The new grapevine ‘CABERNET VOLOS’ originated from a cross made by the inventors in 2002 in Udine, Italy. The female or seed parent is the grapevine variety, Vitis vinifera cv. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ (unpatented), and the male or pollen parent is the grapevine variety, Vitis cv. ‘20/3’ (Bianca×SK77-4/5) (unpatented).

The new grapevine ‘CABERNET VOLOS’ was discovered and selected by the inventor as a single flowering plant within the progeny of the stated cross in a controlled environment in 2002 in Udine, Italy. Asexual reproduction of the new grapevine variety by grafting was first performed in February 2004 in Rauscedo, Friuli Venezia Giulia region, Italy, and has demonstrated that the combination of characteristics as herein disclosed for the new cultivar are firmly fixed and retained through successive generations of asexual reproduction. The new cultivar reproduces true to type.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

‘CABERNET VOLOS’ is primarily adapted to the climate and growing conditions of the temperate regions with average yearly temperature about 13° C., minimum winter temperature about −20° C., annual rainfall around 700-1500 mm of rain (e.g. North-Eastern Italy, Friuli). This region provides the necessary year-round temperatures required for it to produce and maintain a strong vigorous plant with consistent fruit production from April through November on primocanes and in the ensuing year from April through November on the floricanes.

The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be unique characteristics of ‘CABERNET VOLOS’, which in combination distinguish this grapevine plant as a new and distinct variety.

• • 1. Medium vigor;
  • 2. Semi-erect growth habit;
  • 3. Medium size, pentagonal to circular shaped leaves with medium green upper surfaces and pale green lower surfaces and medium texture;
  • 4. Short-medium size, dense, cylindrical shaped berry clusters with one middle-size wing; dark blue berries with soft to slightly firm flesh, herbaceous taste, and no flesh coloration; primarily used for wine; maturing in Mid-late September (Middle Friuli, North-Eastern Italy);
  • 5. Primocanes and floricanes with elliptic cross section, brownish color, no lenticels, and short-middle internodes (13-14 cm with diameter: 9-10 mm);
  • 6. Harvesting time of Mid-late September (Middle Friuli, North-Eastern Italy); and
  • 7. Resistance to winter temperature (−24° C.), resistance to downy mildew, and tolerance to powdery mildew.

Plants of the new grapevine ‘CABERNET VOLOS’ differ from plants of the parents, Vitis vinifera ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ (unpatented) and Vitis cross ‘20/3’ (unpatented), in the following characteristics described in Table 1.

TABLE 1
Comparison with parent varities
		Female Parent
	New Cultivar	‘Cabernet	Male Parent
Charac-	‘CABERNET	Sauvignon’	‘20/3’
teristic	VOLOS’	(unpatented)	(unpatented)
vigour:	medium	strong	medium
growth	semi-erect	horizontal	semi-erect
habit
leaf	medium size,	medium size,	Medium size,
	medium green color	medium green color	light green color
	(upper surface), pale	(both upper and	(upper surface),
	green color (lower	lower surface), low	green color (lower
	surface), pentagonal	hair density in both	surface), no hairs
	and circular shape,	surfaces, circular	in both surfaces,
	medium texture, no	shape, medium	wedge-shaped-
	hairs in both	texture	kidney-shaped,
	surfaces.		medium texture
cluster	short-medium size	Very low weight,	low weight,
	cluster, cylindrical	cylindrical shape	conical, with
	with one middle-size	with 1-2 wings,	1-2 wings,
	wing, dense, berry	medium bunch	medium dense,
	skin with dark-blu	density, berry skin	berry skin with
	color, soft to slightly	with blue black	green-yellow
	firm flesh,	color, soft flesh,	color, slightly
	herbaceous taste, no	neutral taste, no to	firm flesh,
	flesh coloration	very weak flesh	neutral taste, no
		coloration	flesh coloration
primo-	ellictic cross section,	circular cross	oblate cross
cane and	brownish colour,	section, brownish	section, brownish
flori-	lenticels: absent,	color, lenticels:	color, lenticels:
cane	short-middle	absent, medium	absent, medium
	internodes (13-14	internodes, diameter	internodes,
	cm), diameter: 8 9-	small (about 8 mm)	diameter small
	10 mm		(about 8 mm)
har-	Mid-late September	late (1st week of	Early (last decade
vesting	(Middle Friuli,	October in Middle	August, Middle
time	North-Eastern Italy)	Friuli, North-	Friuli, North-
		Eastern Italy)	Eastern Italy)
resis-	resistant to winter	Resistance to winter	resistant to winter
tances	temperature (−24° C.),	temperature not	temperature not
	resistant to downy	checked, susceptible	checked, resistant
	mildew, tolerant to	to downy mildew,	to downy mildew,
	powdery mildew.	susceptible to	resistant to
		powdery mildew	powdery mildew

Of the many commercial cultivars known to the present inventor, the most similar to the new grapevine ‘CABERNET VOLOS’ is the female parent ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’, to which a comparison has been provided above.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS

The accompanying photographs illustrate the overall appearance of the new grapevine ‘CABERNET VOLOS’ showing the colors as true as is reasonably possible with colored reproductions of this type. Colors in the photographs may differ slightly from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description, which accurately describe the color of ‘CABERNET VOLOS’.

FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B show a typical fruit cluster of ‘CABERNET VOLOS’ taken on Sep. 10, 2012, in Udine, Italy

FIG. 2 shows a typical mature leaf (upper surface, left and lower surface, right) of ‘CABERNET VOLOS’ taken on Jun. 15, 2012, in Udine, Italy.

FIG. 3 shows a typical mature vine of ‘CABERNET VOLOS’ taken on Aug. 3, 2012.

FIG. 4 shows a close-up view of mature fruit of ‘CABERNET VOLOS’ taken on Sep. 10, 2012, in Udine, Italy.

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

The following description of ‘CABERNET VOLOS’ unless otherwise noted, is based on observations taken during the 2011, 2012, and 2013 growing seasons(s) in Udine, Italy and Fossalon di Grado (GO), Italy. from plants dug from a nursery located in Rauscedo (PN), Italy during the beginning of December 2007 and planted approximately 16 to 20 weeks later in Udine, Italy and Fossalon di Grado (GO), Italy The phenotypical descriptions and color designations stated for the new variety may vary, depending upon variations in environmental factors, including weather (temperature, humidity and light intensity), day length, soil type, location and cultural conditions. ‘CABERNET VOLOS’ has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions.

Color references are made to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart (R.H.S.), (Edition V, 2007), except where general colors of ordinary significance are used.

		‘CABERNET
		SAUVIGNON’
Characteristic	‘CABERNET VOLOS’	(unpatented)
GENERAL
Resistance to	Resistant to downy mildew,	Susceptible to both
pest/disease	tolerant to powdery mildew	downy and to powdery
		mildew
Resistance to	Resistant to winter cold	Resistant to winter cold
natural elements	down to −23° C.	not evaluated
VINE
Vigor	medium	high
Trunk diameter	6 cm (6 yrs-old plant)	6 cm (6 yrs-old plant)
Bark
color	RHS 177B	Brownish
underbark color	RHS 179B	Light brown
texture	n.a.	n.a.
Canes
length	Internode length cm 13-14	Internode length cm 10
width	9-10 mm	8 mm
Shoots
shape	Semi-erect, cross section:	Horizontal, cross section:
	elliptic, surface: with	circular, surface: smooth,
	stripes, nodes and inter-	nodes and internodes
	nodes without hairs	without hairs
color	Internodes with red (RHS	internodes and nodes
	185B) and green (RHS	with green and red color
	144B) pigmentation on	on dorsal side and green
	dorsal side,and green	pigmentation on ventral
	(RHS 144B) ventral side	side
Tendrils
form	Bifid	bifid
color	RHS 145C and RHS 184D	Green
texture	normal	normal
number	2 or <2 consecutive	2 or less consecutive
Buds
size	average	average
shape	round	round
color	RHS 139C and RHS181A	Light brown
number	2/node	2/node
time of	early	medium
budbreak
LEAVES
Size	medium	medium
Number of	5	5
leaflets
Glossiness	Medium-high	medium
Cross section	V-shaped	flat
shape
Color
(immature)
Upper surface	RHS 143B and RHS185B	copper-reddish
Under surface	RHS 143B and RHS185B	copper-reddish
Color (mature)
Upper surface	RHS 143B	medium green
Under surface	RHS 143C	medium green
Petiole
Length (cm)	6.2	6.0
Color (upper	RHS 185D	reddish
surface)
Color (under	RHS185D	reddish
surface)
Stipule	n.a.	n.a.
orientation
FLOWERS
Flowering	End of May	1st week June
period (time of
beginning of
flowering)
Sex	hermaphrodite	hermaphrodite
Size	Average	average
Diameter (cm)	0.3 (stamens)	0.3 (stamens)
Stamen color	RHS 4D
Pistil color	RHS 149A
Fragrance	average	average
Flower number	n.a.	n.a.
(at 3rd node from
tip of lateral
mean and range)
Petals
Length (cm)	n.a.	n.a.
Width (cm)	n.a.	n.a.
Overall shape	calyptra	calyptra
Calyptra Color	RHS 134A	green
Sepals
Length (cm)	n.a.	n.a.
Width (cm)	n.a.	n.a.
Overall shape	n.a.	n.a.
Color	n.a.	n.a.
(immature)
Upper surface
Under surface
Color (mature)	n.a.	n.a.
Upper surface
Under surface
Pedicel
Length (mm)	45 (cluster)	6
Color	RHS 145C	green
FRUIT
Primocane time	September 10th	September 27th
of fruiting (1st
pick)
Clusters
cluster weight	g 130	Small (g 139)
cluster shape	cylindrical	cylindrical
cluster length	mm 100	medium (mm 195)
avg. berries per	120	99
cluster
avg. clusters per	2	2
shoot
Berries
Berry size	g 1.44	Very low (g 1.4)
Berry length (cm)	1.76	1.5
Berry width (cm)	1.56	1.5
Overall shape	globose	globose
of berry
Berry Texture	soft to slightly firm	soft
Berry Skin	RHS 137C	green
Color
(immature)
Berry Skin	RHS 103B	Blu black
Color (mature,
at 19° Bx)
Berry Flesh Color	RHS 148B
Soluble solids (%)	24.8	22.1
Titratable	4.8	7.4
acidity (as g/L
tartaric acid)
Sugar/acid ratio	5.2	3.0
Firmness	soft	soft
Seeds	2-3	2-3
Seed Color	RHS 167B and RHS I63A
Skin cracking?	no	no
Juice color	red	No or very weak
Berry taste	Slightly herbaceous	herbaceous
Eating quality	n.a.	n.a.
Berry uses	wine	wine
Shipping quality	n.a.	n.a.

Claims

1. A new and distinct grapevine, referred to as ‘CABERNET VOLOS’, as herein described and illustrated by the characteristics set forth above.