Grapevine named 'ROYAL CABERNET'

Information

  • Patent Application
  • 20160242336
  • Publication Number
    20160242336
  • Date Filed
    March 27, 2015
    9 years ago
  • Date Published
    August 18, 2016
    8 years ago
  • US Classifications
  • International Classifications
    • A01H5/00
Abstract
A new and distinct variety of grapevine, primarily suited to the growing conditions of the temperate regions, and characterized by its medium vigor; semi-erect growth habit; medium, pentagonal to circular shaped leaves; short-medium, dense, cylindrical berry clusters; dark blue berries with soft to slightly firm berry flesh, herbaceous taste, and no flesh coloration; and resistance to winter temperatures (to −24° C.), resistance to downy mildew, and tolerance to powdery mildew.
Description
LATIN NAME OF THE GENUS AND SPECIES OF THE PLANT CLAIMED


Vitis×vinifera (hybrid)


VARIETY NAME

‘ROYAL CABERNET’


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a new and distinct summer/fall bearing grapevine variety, botanically known as Vitis×vinifera, and hereinafter referred to by the name ‘ROYAL CABERNET’.


The new grapevine ‘ROYAL CABERNET’ is a product of a controlled breeding program conducted by the inventors in Udine, Italy. The objective of the breeding program was to develop a new grapevine variety particularly characterized by resistance to cold (<−20° C.), resistance to downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola), and tolerance to powdery mildew (Uncinula necator).


The new grapevine ‘ROYAL CABERNET’ originated from a cross made by the inventors in 2002 in Udine, Italy. The female or seed parent is the grapevine variety, Vitis vinifera cv. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ (unpatented), and the male or pollen parent is the grapevine variety, Vitis cv. ‘20/3’ (Bianca x SK77-4/5) (unpatented).


The new grapevine ‘ROYAL CABERNET’ was discovered and selected by the inventor as a single flowering plant within the progeny of the stated cross in a controlled environment in 2002 in Udine, Italy. Asexual reproduction of the new grapevine variety by grafting was first performed in February 2004 in Rauscedo, Friuli Venezia Giulia region, Italy, and has demonstrated that the combination of characteristics as herein disclosed for the new cultivar are firmly fixed and retained through successive generations of asexual reproduction. The new cultivar reproduces true to type.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

‘ROYAL CABERNET is primarily adapted to the climate and growing conditions of the temperate regions with average yearly temperature about 13° C., minimum winter temperature about −20° C., annual rainfall around 700-1500 mm of rain (e.g. North-Eastern Italy, Friuli). This region provides the necessary year-round temperatures required for it to produce and maintain a strong vigorous plant with consistent fruit production from April through November on primocanes and in the ensuing year from April through November on the floricanes.


The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be unique characteristics of ‘ROYAL CABERNET’, which in combination distinguish this grapevine plant as a new and distinct variety.


1. Medium vigor;


2. Semi-erect growth habit;


3. Medium size, pentagonal to circular shaped leaves with medium green upper surfaces and pale green lower surfaces and medium texture;


4. Short-medium size, dense, cylindrical shaped berry clusters with one middle-size wing; dark blue berries with soft to slightly firm flesh, herbaceous taste, and no flesh coloration; primarily used for wine; maturing in Mid-late September (Middle Friuli, North-Eastern Italy);


5. Primocanes and floricanes with elliptic cross section, brownish color, no lenticels, and short-middle internodes (13-14 cm with diameter: 9-10 mm);


6. Harvesting time of Mid-late September (Middle Friuli, North-Eastern Italy); and


7. Resistance to winter temperature (−24° C.), resistance to downy mildew, and tolerance to powdery mildew.


Plants of the new grapevine ‘ROYAL CABERNET’ differ from plants of the parents, Vitis vinifera ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ (unpatented) and Vitis cross ‘20/3’ (unpatented), in the following characteristics described in Table 1.









TABLE 1







Comparison with parent varities












Female Parent




New Cultivar
‘Cabernet
Male Parent


Charac-
‘ROYAL
Sauvignon’
‘20/3’


teristic
CABERNET’
(unpatented)
(unpatented)





vigour:
medium
strong
medium


growth
semi-erect
horizontal
semi-erect


habit





leaf
medium size,
medium size,
Medium size,



medium green
medium green
light green col-



color (upper
color (both up-
or (upper sur-



surface), pale
per and lower
face), green



green color (low-
surface), low
color (lower



er surface), pen-
hair density in
surface), no hairs



tagonal and cir-
both surfaces,
in both surfaces,



cular shape, med-
circular shape,
wedge-shaped-



ium texture, no
medium texture
kidney-shaped,



hairs in both sur-

medium texture



faces.




cluster
short-medium
Very low weight,
low weight, con-



size cluster, cylin-
cylindrical shape
ical, with 1-2



drical with one
with 1-2 wings,
wings, medium



middle-size wing,
medium bunch
dense, berry skin



dense, berry skin
density, berry
with green-yellow



with dark-blu col-
skin with blue
color, slightly firm



or, soft to slightly
black color, soft
flesh, neutral taste,



firm flesh, herba-
flesh, neutral
no flesh coloration



ceous taste, no
taste, no to very




flesh coloration
weak flesh col-





oration



primo-
ellictic cross sec-
circular cross
oblate cross sec-


cane and
tion, brownish
section, brown-
tion, brownish


floricane
colour, lenticels:
ish color, lenti-
color, lenticels: ab-



absent, short-mid-
cels: absent, med-
sent, medium inter-



dle internodes
ium internodes,
nodes, diameter



(13-14 cm), diam-
diameter small
small (about 8 mm)



eter: 8 9-10 mm
(about 8 mm)



harvest-
Mid-late Septem-
late (1st week of
Early (last decade


ing time
ber (Middle Friuli,
October in Mid-
August, Middle



North-Eastern
dle Friuli, North-
Friuli, North-



Italy)
Eastern Italy)
Eastern Italy)


resis-
resistant to win-
Resistance to win-
resistant to winter


tances
ter temperature
ter temperature not
temperature not



(−24° C.), resis-
checked, suscepti-
checked, resistant



tant to downy
ble to downy mil-
to downy mildew,



mildew, tolerant
dew, susceptible
resistant to pow-



to powdery mil-
to powdery mil-
dery mildew



dew.
dew









Of the many commercial cultivars known to the present inventor, the most similar to the new grapevine ‘ROYAL CABERNET’ is the female parent ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’, to which a comparison has been provided above.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS

The accompanying photographs illustrate the overall appearance of the new grapevine ‘ROYAL CABERNET’ showing the colors as true as is reasonably possible with colored reproductions of this type. Colors in the photographs may differ slightly from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description, which accurately describe the color of ‘ROYAL CABERNET’.



FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B show a typical fruit cluster of ‘ROYAL CABERNET’ taken on Sep. 10, 2012, in Udine, Italy



FIG. 2 shows a typical mature leaf (upper surface, left and lower surface, right) of ‘ROYAL CABERNET’ taken on Jun. 15, 2012, in Udine, Italy.



FIG. 3 shows a typical mature vine of ‘ROYAL CABERNET’ taken on Aug. 3, 2012.



FIG. 4 shows a close-up view of mature fruit of ‘ROYAL CABERNET taken on Sep. 10, 2012, in Udine, Italy.





DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

The following description of ‘ROYAL CABERNET’ unless otherwise noted, is based on observations taken during the 2011, 2012, and 2013 growing seasons(s) in Udine, Italy and Fossalon di Grado (GO), Italy. from plants dug from a nursery located in Rauscedo (PN), Italy during the beginning of December 2007 and planted approximately 16 to 20 weeks later in Udine, Italy and Fossalon di Grado (GO), Italy The phenotypical descriptions and color designations stated for the new variety may vary, depending upon variations in environmental factors, including weather (temperature, humidity and light intensity), day length, soil type, location and cultural conditions. ‘ROYAL CABERNET’ has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions.
















‘CABERNET



‘ROYAL
SAUVIGNON’


Characteristic
CABERNET’
(unpatented)















GENERAL









Resistance to
Resistant to downy mildew,
Susceptible to both downy


pest/disease
tolerant to powdery mildew
and to powdery mildew


Resistance to
Resistant to winter cold
Resistant to winter cold


natural elements
down to −23° C.
not evaluated







VINE









Vigor
medium
high


Trunk diameter
6 cm (6 yrs-old plant)
6 cm (6 yrs-old plant)


Bark




color
Dark brown
Brownish


underbark color
Light brown
Light brown


texture
n.a.
n.a.


Canes




length
Internode length
Internode length



cm 13-14
cm 10


width
9-10 mm
8 mm


Shoots




shape
Semi-erect, cross section:
Horizontal, cross section:



elliptic, surface: with
circular, surface: smooth,



stripes, nodes and inter-
nodes and internodes



nodes without hairs
without hairs


color
Internodes with red and
internodes and nodes with



green pigmentation on
green and red color on



dorsal side, and green
dorsal side and green pig-



ventral side
mentation on ventral side


Tendrils




form
Bifid
bifid


color
Green
Green


texture
normal
normal


number
2 or <2 consecutive
2 or less consecutive


Buds




size
average
average


shape
round
round


color
Light brown
Light brown


number
2/node
2/node


time of
early
medium


budbreak









LEAVES









Size
medium
medium


Number of
 5
 5


leaflets




Glossiness
Medium-high
medium


Cross section
V-shaped
flat


shape




Color (immature)




Upper surface
pale green
copper-reddish


Under surface
pale green
copper-reddish


Color (mature)




Upper surface
Medium green
medium green


Under surface
pale green
medium green


Petiole




Length (cm)
 6.2
 6.0


Color (upper
green
reddish


surface)




Color (under
Sometimes reddish
reddish


surface)




Stipule
n.a.
n.a.


orientation









FLOWERS









Flowering
End of May
1st week June


period (time of




beginning of




flowering)




Sex
hermaphrodite
hermaphrodite


Size
Average
average


Diameter (cm)
0.3 (stamens)
0.3 (stamens)


Fragrance
average
average


Flower number
n.a.
n.a.


(at 3rd node




from tip of




lateral mean




and range)




Petals




Length (cm)
n.a.
n.a.


Width (cm)
n.a.
n.a.


Overall shape
calyptra
calyptra


Color (immature)
green
green


Upper surface




Under surface




Color (mature)
green
green


Upper surface




Under surface




Sepals




Length (cm)
n.a.
n.a.


Width (cm)
n.a.
n.a.


Overall shape
n.a.
n.a.


Color (immature)
n.a.
n.a.


Upper surface




Under surface




Color (mature)
n.a.
n.a.


Upper surface




Under surface




Pedicel




Length (mm)
45 (cluster)
 6


Color
green
green







FRUIT









Primocane time
September 10th
September 27th


of fruiting (1st




pick)




Clusters




cluster weight
g 130
Small (g 139)


cluster shape
cylindrical
cylindrical


cluster length
mm 180
medium (mm 195)


avg. berries per
120
99


cluster




avg. clusters per
 2
 2


shoot




Berries




Berry size
g 1.44
Very low (g 1.4)


Berry length
 1.76
 1.5


(cm)




Berry width
 1.56
 1.5


(cm)




Overall shape
globose
globose


of berry




Berry Texture
soft to slightly firm
soft


Berry Color
green
green


(immature)




Berry Color
Dark-blu
Blu black


(mature)




Soluble solids
 24.8
22.1


(%)




Titratable
 4.8
 7.4


acidity (as g/L




tartaric acid)




Sugar/acid ratio
 5.2
 3.0


Firmness
soft
soft


Seeds
2-3
2-3


Skin cracking?
no
no


Juice color
red
No or very weak


Berry taste
Slightly herbaceous
herbaceous


Eating quality
n.a.
n.a.


Berry uses
wine
wine


Shipping
n.a.
n.a.


quality








Claims
  • 1. A new and distinct grapevine, referred to as ‘ROYAL CABERNET, as herein described and illustrated by the characteristics set forth above.
Priority Claims (1)
Number Date Country Kind
2015/0362 Feb 2015 QZ national