Patent Application
20250011672
The present invention relates to a grease composition for a pivot assembly, a pivot assembly bearing filled with the grease composition, and a bearing apparatus including the bearing. The present invention further relates to a disk drive apparatus including the bearing apparatus.
Various lubricants such as grease and oil are used for a bearing incorporated in a pivot assembly used in a fulcrum portion of an actuator or a spindle motor of a disk drive apparatus (HDD), in order to operate these components and drive the apparatus smoothly.
For example, a rolling bearing incorporated in an actuator of a disk drive apparatus has been proposed in which the rolling bearing is filled with grease obtained by blending, as a thickener, a diurea compound having at least one of an alicyclic hydrocarbon group and an aliphatic hydrocarbon group in a skeleton into a base oil containing an aromatic ester oil (Patent Document 1).
A cause of occurrence of read/write errors in an HDD is, for example, volatilization of a base oil which is a component of the lubricant filled in the bearing incorporated in the actuator or the spindle motor. When the volatilized base oil is cooled and condensed at a surface of a magnetic disk or on a magnetic head and adheres to them as a liquid or a solid, the magnetic disk and the magnetic head are, for example, attracted to each other and normal read/write cannot be performed, and this is considered to be a cause of the read/write errors.
Even if an amount of the lubricant base oil to be volatilized by a temperature rise during driving of the HDD is suppressed, for example, by selecting a low volatile base oil, it is difficult to completely eliminate the volatilization of the component.
An object of the present invention is to provide a grease composition for a pivot assembly and a pivot assembly bearing filled with the grease composition, and to provide a bearing apparatus as well as a disk drive apparatus including the bearing apparatus, which is capable of suppressing adhesion of a volatilized component to a magnetic disk or the like even when the grease composition is volatilized by application of the grease composition and the bearing, thereby suppressing occurrence of read/write errors of an HDD.
An aspect of the present invention relates to a grease composition for a pivot assembly bearing, including an aromatic ester-based base oil and a thickener, the aromatic ester-based base oil containing an aromatic ester compound having an ester group *—C(═O)O— as a substituent on a ring, where * is a bonding site to an aromatic ring, and having an alkyl group with a total of 8 or more carbon atoms bonded to an oxygen atom of the ester group.
The present invention also relates to a pivot assembly bearing filled with the grease composition for a pivot assembly bearing.
The present invention further relates to a bearing apparatus including the pivot assembly bearing.
The present invention relates to a disk drive apparatus equipped with the bearing apparatus.
As described above, in a lubricant used for an actuator or a spindle motor of an HDD, there have been proposals for suppressing volatilization (outgassing or the like) of a lubricant component which is considered to cause read/write errors of the HDD.
Even if the volatilization of a generally used lubricating component is suppressed, the volatilization itself cannot be eliminated. Known disk drive apparatuses have sufficiently large fly height (distance between a magnetic head and a disk). Therefore, if the volatilized component can be suppressed, it is possible to avoid the read/write errors. However, as the recording density is improved, the fly height is reduced to about several nanometers. In this case, it is considered that a negative pressure state occurs between the magnetic head and the disk. This causes an ambient gas to be directed and compressed between the magnetic head and the disk. As a result, the gas is condensed, and a trace amount of volatilized component may be liquefied. In recent years, with an increase in recording capacity per HDD, the number of disks in apparatuses has been increased, and disk drive apparatuses including 9 or more disks having a diameter of 3.5 inches have also been put on the market. In such apparatuses, a spatial volume in the apparatuses is further reduced. In such an environment with a small spatial volume and a fly height on the order of several nanometers, even a trace amount of contamination may lead to read/write errors.
In addition, a disk drive apparatus having an internal space filled with a gas (for example, helium or the like) having a density lower than air has also started to spread. In such a disk drive apparatus, the air pressure inside the apparatus may be less than one atmosphere. In this case, it becomes more difficult to suppress volatilization of the lubricant component. Further, in the case of an HDD employing a heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) system, the temperature of a head portion of an actuator may locally reach a high temperature of 400° C. As a result, the internal temperature of the HDD rises, and the amount of the lubricant component to be volatilized may not be able to be reduced even when a low volatile base oil is used. The volatilization of the lubricant component is further regarded as a problem as described above, and thus the present inventors have further gone into the known problem of making the constituent component of the lubricant low volatile. Furthermore, the present inventors have conducted studies on constituent components based on a new idea that, even if volatilization occurs, the volatilized component is unlikely to adhere to the disk or the like (meaning not staying even if it adheres). Then, the present inventors have found for the first time that, when an aromatic ester compound having an alkyl chain length of a certain length or more is adopted as the base oil, a grease composition achieving the above-described idea can be obtained. Furthermore, the present inventors have found a correlation between the adhesion of the constituent components of the grease composition to the disk (adhesion suppression) and the occurrence of read/write errors of the HDD (error suppression) using an actual machine.
Hereinafter, the grease composition for a pivot assembly bearing of the present invention (hereinafter, also simply referred to as grease composition) will be described in detail.
The grease composition of the present invention uses an aromatic ester-based base oil as a base oil.
The aromatic ester-based base oil used in the present invention is characterized by employing an aromatic ester compound, the aromatic ester compound having an ester group as a substituent on a ring and having an alkyl group with a total of 8 or more carbon atoms bonded to an oxygen atom of the ester group.
The present inventors have found for the first time that the use of the aromatic ester compound having the above structure as the base oil can provide a grease composition having such a characteristic that, even when the base oil is exposed to a high temperature and evaporates, the evaporated base oil hardly adheres to a surface of the magnetic disk or the like.
The aromatic ester compound is a compound having an alkyl group with a total of 8 or more carbon atoms bonded to an aromatic ring via an ester group *—(CO)O—, where * is a bonding site to the aromatic ring. In other words, it is a compound having a hydrogen atom on the aromatic ring substituted with an alkyl ester group with 8 or more carbon atoms (the number of carbon atoms here refers to the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group moiety).
Examples of the aromatic ring include a benzene ring and a naphthalene ring, and, among them, a benzene ring can be exemplified.
The number of substitutions with alkyl ester groups on the aromatic ring is not particularly limited. For example, a compound substituted with about from one to three alkyl ester groups can be exemplified. When the aromatic ester compound is a compound substituted with two or more alkyl ester groups, the alkyl ester groups may be the same or different. When the aromatic ester compound is a compound substituted with two or more alkyl ester groups, it is preferred that at least one is an alkyl ester group with 8 or more carbon atoms and that all the alkyl ester groups are alkyl ester groups with 8 or more carbon atoms (the number of carbon atoms here refers to the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group moiety) (the same applies to examples of linear and branched alkyl groups as described below; when the aromatic ester compound has two or more alkyl ester groups, the alkyl group in at least one alkyl ester group has the exemplified group, and preferably the alkyl groups in all the alkyl ester groups have the exemplified group).
The alkyl group with a total of 8 or more carbon atoms may be linear or branched. The branched alkyl group may have a plurality of branched chains, and branching sites are not particularly limited.
The linear alkyl group with a total of 8 or more carbon atoms in the aromatic ester compound is, for example, a linear alkyl group with 8 or more and 11 or less carbon atoms, or can be a linear alkyl group with 9 or more and 11 or less carbon atoms.
The branched alkyl group with a total of 8 or more carbon atoms can have a total of 9 or more and 16 or less carbon atoms, for example, a total of 11 or more and 16 or less carbon atoms.
The branched alkyl group with a total of 8 or more carbon atoms can be, for example, a branched alkyl group formed with a branched chain bonded to a linear alkyl group with 8 or more and 11 or less carbon atoms. The branched alkyl group is an alkyl group with 8 or more and 11 or less carbon atoms in a carbon chain serving as the longest chain, when counted from the carbon atom bonded to the oxygen atom of the ester group. The branched alkyl group may be, for example, a branched alkyl group formed with a plurality of branched chains bonded to a linear alkyl group with 6 or more and 11 or less carbon atoms as long as the total number of carbon atoms is 8 or more.
In the aromatic ester compound, an aspect in which the alkyl group with a total of 8 or more carbon atoms is a linear alkyl group having the specific total number of carbon atoms or an aspect in which the alkyl group with a total of 8 or more carbon atoms is a branched alkyl group having the specific total number of carbon atoms means that the aromatic ester compound essentially contains the linear alkyl group or branched alkyl group described above as the alkyl group bonded to the oxygen atom of the ester group *—(CO)O—.
That is, for example, when the aromatic ester compound is substituted with two or more alkyl ester groups, the alkyl group of at least one of the alkyl ester groups may be the above-described specific linear alkyl group or specific branched alkyl group; the alkyl group of the remaining alkyl ester group may be another alkyl group; and it is not intended to particularly exclude the use of other aromatic ester compounds having an alkyl group with a total of 8 or more carbon atoms as the base oil.
In short, in the above aromatic ester compound, for example, an aspect that reads “the branched alkyl group with a total of 8 or more carbon atoms is a branched alkyl group with a total of 9 or more and 16 or less carbon atoms” can include any of the following aspects including: in the aromatic ester-based base oil,
In an embodiment of the present invention, the aromatic ester-based base oil contains at least an aromatic ester compound having a branched alkyl group with a total of 9 or more and 16 or less carbon atoms bonded to the oxygen atom of the ester group, and in another embodiment, the aromatic ester-based base oil contains at least an aromatic ester compound having a branched alkyl group with a total of 11 or more and 16 or less carbon atoms bonded to the oxygen atom of the ester group.
Examples of the aromatic ester compound can include a triester of trimellitic acid (1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid).
Preferable examples of the aromatic ester compound can include a triester compound of trimellitic acid represented by the following formula:
In the formula, R is each independently a linear or branched alkyl group with a total of 8 or more carbon atoms, for example, a linear alkyl group with 8 or more and 11 or less carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group formed with a branched chain bonded to a linear alkyl group with 8 or more and 11 or less carbon atoms, or a branched alkyl group formed with two or more branched chains bonded to a linear alkyl group with 6 or more and 11 or less carbon atoms. The total number of carbon atoms of the branched alkyl group can be, for example, 9 or more and 16 or less.
As the base oil above, one having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. in a range of from 40 to 150 mm2/s can be used.
The base oil may be contained in a proportion of, for example, 80 mass % or more based on a total mass of the grease composition of the present invention. For example, the base oil is contained in a proportion of from 80 mass % to 98 mass % based on the total mass of the grease composition.
In the grease composition of the present invention, a urea compound can be preferably used as a thickener. A urea compound has excellent heat resistance, water resistance, and particularly excellent stability at high temperatures, and thus is suitably used as a thickener at an application site in high-temperature environments.
In the present invention, for example, an alicyclic aliphatic diurea compound can be used as a urea-based thickener, and specific examples of the compound can include a diurea compound represented by Formula (1):
R1—NHCONH—R2—NHCONH—R3 Formula (1)
where in Formula (1) R1 and R3 are monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups or monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, and a molar ratio of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group to the aliphatic hydrocarbon group in a total amount of the diurea compound is from 6:4 to 8:2, and R2 represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group.
R1 and R3 may be the same, that is, both may be monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups or monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, or one may be a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group and the other may be a monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
However, the molar ratio of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group to the aliphatic hydrocarbon group in the total amount of the diurea compound represented by Formula (1) is preferably in a range of from 6:4 to 8:2. When the molar ratio of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group to the aliphatic hydrocarbon group falls within the above range, the storage elastic modulus and oil separation amount of the grease composition containing the diurea compound can fall within predetermined ranges.
By employing a diurea compound in consideration of the storage elastic modulus and oil separation amount of the grease composition as described below, when the grease composition is filled in a rolling bearing and the rolling bearing is driven, the shape of the filled grease composition is maintained and an appropriate amount of the oil content (base oil) is supplied to rolling elements. Therefore, a grease composition having appropriate lubricating performance and suppressed dust generation can be obtained.
Examples of the monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group include linear or branched saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups with from 6 to 26 carbon atoms.
Examples of the monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group include an alicyclic hydrocarbon group with from 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
Examples of the divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group include divalent aromatic hydrocarbon groups with from 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
The alicyclic aliphatic diurea compound to be used in the present invention can be synthesized using an amine compound and an isocyanate compound. For example, the diurea compound is obtained by using an alicyclic amine and an aliphatic amine as amine raw materials and synthesizing the amines with an aromatic diisocyanate. The alicyclic amine and aliphatic amine as the amine raw materials are charged in amounts of alicyclic amine:aliphatic amine=from 6:4 to 8:2, for example, and reacted with the aromatic diisocyanate, thereby making it possible to obtain a compound having a molar ratio of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group to the aliphatic hydrocarbon group, in the total amount of the diurea compound, of from 6:4 to 8:2.
Examples of the amine compound include: aliphatic amines represented by hexylamine, octylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine (stearylamine), behenylamine, oleylamine and the like; and alicyclic amines represented by cyclohexylamine and the like.
Examples of the isocyanate compound used include aromatic diisocyanates such as phenylene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenyldiisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), and dimethylbiphenyl diisocyanate (TODI).
The thickener is contained in a proportion of, for example, from 10 mass % to 15 mass % based on the total mass of the grease composition of the present invention. When the thickener is used in a proportion of more than 15 mass %, the grease composition may have an excessively small oil separation amount, resulting in a concern about poor lubrication. On the other hand, when the thickener is used in a proportion of less than 10 mass %, the oil separation amount may become too large, resulting in not only a concern about contamination of the apparatus, but also a concern that the grease flows out from the grease pocket of the retainer and is caught between the rolling element and a track ring of the bearing to increase a rotational torque.
In particular, from the viewpoint of obtaining a grease composition having an appropriate oil separation amount and particularly excellent flow characteristics and life characteristics, the thickener is preferably contained in a proportion of, for example, from 10 mass % to 13 mass %.
Furthermore, in addition to the essential components described above, the grease composition can contain an additive normally used in grease compositions as necessary within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention.
Examples of such an additive include antioxidants, rust inhibitors, extreme pressure additives (extreme pressure agents), metal deactivators, anti-friction agents (wear resistant agents), oiliness improvers, viscosity index improvers, and thickening agents.
When these additional additives are contained, the added amount (total amount) is typically from 0.1 to 10 mass % relative to the total amount of the grease composition.
Examples of the antioxidants above include: hindered phenol-based antioxidants, such as octadecyl-3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, pentaerythritol tetrakis [3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 2,4-bis-(n-octylthio)-6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylanilino)-1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene, triethylene glycol-bis [3-(3-t-butyl-5-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 1,6-hexanediol-bis [3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 2,2-thio-diethylenebis [3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], N,N′-hexamethylenebis(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-hydrocinnamide), and octyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-hydrocinnamic acid; other phenol-based antioxidants, such as 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol and 4,4-methylenebis(2,6-di-t-butylphenol); and amine-based antioxidants, such as diphenylamine, alkylated diphenylamine, triphenylamine, hindered amine, phenyl-α-naphthylamine, alkylated phenyl-α-naphthylamine, phenothiazine, and alkylated phenothiazine.
Among the antioxidants, phenol-based antioxidants, particularly hindered phenol-based antioxidants selected from the group consisting of octadecyl-3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2,4-bis-(n-octylthio)-6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylanilino)-1,3,5-triazine, tricthyleneglycol-bis [3-(3-t-butyl-5-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 2,2-thio-diethylenebis [3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] and octyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-hydrocinnamic acid, and amine-based antioxidants of diarylamine compounds such as diphenylamine, alkylated diphenylamine, phenyl-α-naphthylamine and alkylated phenyl-α-naphthylamine are suitable from the viewpoint of disk adhesion. Further, the hindered phenol-based antioxidants are more suitable from the viewpoint of sludge suppression.
Examples of the extreme pressure additive include phosphorus-based compounds, chlorine-based compounds, and polymeric esters.
Among them, phosphate ester-based compounds such as phosphate esters, phosphite esters and phosphate ester amine salts, that is, phosphorus-based compounds can be suitably used.
Examples of suitable phosphate ester-based compounds include phosphate triesters such as tricresyl phosphate (CAS No. 1330-78-5), triphenyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate and trioleyl phosphate; phosphite diesters and/or phosphite triesters such as dilauryl hydrogen phosphite (CAS No. 21302-09-0), tricresyl phosphite (CAS No. 25586-42-9), tris(2-ethylhexyl)phosphite (CAS No. 301-13-3), triisodecyl phosphite (CAS No. 25448-25-3), trilauryl phosphite (CAS No. 3076-63-9), tris(triisodecyl)phosphite (CAS No. 77745-66-5) and trioleyl phosphite (CAS No. 13023-13-7); phosphate monoesters and/or phosphate diesters (acidic phosphate esters) such as 2-ethylhexyl acid phosphate (CAS No. 12645-31-7), alkyl(C12, C14, C16, C18) acid phosphate, isotridecyl acid phosphate (CAS No. 52933-07-0) and oleyl acid phosphate (CAS No. 37310-83-1), and these are also commercially available.
Among them, the phosphate triester, phosphate monoester and/or phosphate diester are/is preferable from the viewpoint of sludge suppression, and, among them, the phosphate triester is preferred. Specific examples can include at least one selected from the group consisting of tricresyl phosphate (CAS No. 1330-78-5), triphenyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, trioleyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl acid phosphate (CAS No. 12645-31-7), alkyl(C12, C14, C16, C18) acid phosphate, isotridecyl acid phosphate (CAS No. 52933-07-0), and oleyl acid phosphate (CAS No. 37310-83-1). In particular, from the viewpoint of corrosion inhibition, one selected from the group consisting of tricresyl phosphate (CAS No. 1330-78-5), triphenyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, and trioleyl phosphate is suitable, and tricresyl phosphate is particularly suitable.
Sulfur-containing additives having been used as the extreme pressure additives, for example, metal salts of sulfur-based compounds (calcium sulfonates and the like) and thiophosphate triesters such as triphenoxyphosphine sulfide (TPPS) which can also be classified as phosphorus-based compounds, are desirably avoided from the viewpoint of sludge suppression.
Examples of the metal deactivator include benzotriazole and sodium nitrite.
Furthermore, for the wear resistant agents, tricresyl phosphate and polymeric esters are included.
In addition, examples of the polymeric esters include, for example, esters of aliphatic monobasic carboxylic acids and dibasic carboxylic acids with a polyhydric alcohol. Specific examples of the polymeric esters include, but are not limited to, PRIOLUBE (trade name) product line available from Croda Japan K.K.
The grease composition of the present invention can be obtained by blending the aromatic ester-based base oil and the thickener, and an additional additive, as necessary.
In addition, for example, a grease composition can be obtained by blending an additional additive, as necessary, into a urea-based grease (base grease) composed of the aromatic ester-based base oil and the urea-based thickener.
Usually, a content of the thickener relative to the base grease is about from 10 to 30 mass %. For example, a content of the diurea compound (urea-based thickener) relative to the urea-based grease can be, for example, about from 10 to 25 mass %, or about from 10 to 20 mass %.
The grease composition of the present invention suitably has a storage elastic modulus in an appropriate range. For example, the storage elastic modulus at 25° C. as measured under conditions of a film thickness of 1 mm and a shear strain of 1% is suitably from 1200 to 3000 Pa.
The storage elastic modulus is a value indicating the shape stability of the grease and is an effective parameter for grasping the shape stability of the grease immediately after the grease is filled in the bearing apparatus or during oscillation of the bearing apparatus.
For example, in a pivot assembly bearing apparatus, grease is filled only on a grease pocket of a crown-shaped retainer. Therefore, if the shape of the grease changes from the shape at the time of filling, the grease may be entangled with balls (rolling elements) or the like, not only leading to an increase in torque or torque instability of the rolling bearing but also causing dust generation. Therefore, in order to achieve initial and long-term torque stability and suppress dust generation, the shape maintaining ability (shape stability) of the grease is an important factor.
The grease composition of the present invention suitably has a storage elastic modulus at 25° C. of 1200 Pa or more under the above measurement conditions (film thickness: 1 mm and shear strain: 1%), from the viewpoint of such shape stability of the grease. However, if the storage clastic modulus is too high, the grease composition may fall from the grease pocket of the crown-shaped retainer while maintaining the shape. In this case, since the grease is positioned on a revolving track of the rolling element, the resistance when the ball may pass over the grease increases, resulting in a concern about an increase in torque. Therefore, the storage elastic modulus desirably does not exceed 3000 Pa.
The grease composition of the present invention suitably has an oil separation amount in an appropriate range, for example, an oil separation amount at 25° C. of from 200 to 270 mm2/mg.
An oil separation amount measurement test is a known method for evaluating the amount of oil contents (base oil and additives) exuded from grease. Since the life of the grease changes depending on the magnitude of the oil separation amount, the grasp of the oil separation amount is important not only for grasping the life characteristics of the grease but also for obtaining appropriate lubricating performance. For example, in a pivot assembly bearing in which grease is applied to a grease pocket between ball pockets of a crown-shaped retainer, if the amount of oil separation is too small, it may cause a shortage of lubricant components (base oil and additives) supplied to balls (rolling elements) over time, leading to torque instability and seizure. On the other hand, too large an oil separation amount causes an issue that contamination due to oil leakage is likely to occur.
The grease blended with the urea-based thickener to be used in the present invention generally has a small oil separation amount. Therefore, when the oil separation amount is measured using a known standard oil separation measurement method such as JIS K2220 defining a method for measuring an oil separation degree, a clear difference in measurement result may be hardly generated.
Therefore, in the present invention, a unique method that makes the difference in the amount of oil separation more clear is adopted. To be more specific, 9 mg of a grease composition was allowed to stand still in a φ 3 mm columnar shape on a drug-placing surface of a charta, and an area of an oil bleeding (bleeding of the base oil) portion formed in the charta was measured at the time when this was left in an environment at 80° C. for 24 hours. Then, the area of the oil bleeding portion per mass of the grease was defined as the oil separation amount (mm2/mg). In this test, the charta used was “pure white simili (medium)” (size: 105 mm×105 mm, thickness: 42 μm, basis weight: 30 g/m2) available from Hakuaisha Co., Ltd., and the grease composition was allowed to stand still on the drug-placing surface (glossy surface) as described above.
When the known grease with no poor lubrication was evaluated by this unique method based on the above definition, it was confirmed that the oil separation amount of the known grease was approximately from 230 to 280 mm2/mg. In the known grease having an oil separation amount of 200 mm2/mg or less, seizure due to poor lubrication was confirmed. The upper limit value of the oil separation amount is about 300 mm2/mg in consideration of the fact that too large an oil separation amount causes oil leakage.
Based on the above results, in the grease composition of the present invention, 9 mg of the grease composition is allowed to stand still in a φ 3 mm columnar shape on a charta, and an area of an oil bleeding portion formed in the charta is measured at the time when this is left in an environment at 80° C. for 24 hours. The grease composition is evaluated to be suitable with an oil separation amount of from 200 mm2/mg to 270 mm2/mg.
The pivot assembly bearing according to the present invention is, namely, a rolling bearing. Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the rolling bearing will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.
The inner ring 11 is a cylindrical structure disposed coaxially with a central axis at the outer peripheral side of the shaft (not illustrated). The outer ring 12 is a cylindrical structure disposed coaxially with the inner ring 11 at the outer peripheral side of the inner ring 11. Each of the plurality of rolling elements 13 is a ball disposed in a track at an annular bearing space 16 formed between the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12. That is, the rolling bearing 10 in the present embodiment is a ball bearing.
The retainer 14 is disposed in the track to hold the plurality of rolling elements 13. The retainer 14 is an annular body arranged coaxially with the central axis of the shaft and includes a plurality of pockets for holding the rolling elements 13 on one side in the direction of the central axis, and in each of the pockets, the rolling element 13 is located. The rolling elements 13 are retained by the retainer 14 at predetermined intervals in a circumferential direction of the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12, and falling-off of the rolling elements 13 and contact between the adjacent rolling elements 13 are suppressed. Any shape (crown shape, wave shape, or the like) and material (made of a steel plate, a resin, or the like) of the retainer 14 generally used in a rolling bearing are can be used, but a crown-shaped retainer (see
The sealing member 15 is fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 12 and extends toward the inner ring 11 side and seals the bearing space 16. A grease composition G is filled in the bearing space 16 sealed by the sealing member 15. As the grease composition G, the grease composition for a pivot assembly bearing of the present invention described above is used. Note that the amount of the grease composition G filled inside the bearing space 16 is, for example, from 2% to 30% of the volume. In particular, from 3% to 10% is more preferable in a pivot assembly bearing apparatus to be described later that requires low torque. When the amount of the grease composition G filled is within this range, the grease composition G can sufficiently lubricate the rolling elements 13, the inner ring 11, and the outer ring 12 in the bearing space 16 of the rolling bearing 10 to reduce frictional resistance, thereby reducing frictional torque.
The sealing member 15 is formed of, for example, a steel plate or rubber, and its examples include a steel plate shield that is not in contact with an outer periphery of the inner ring 11, or a non-contact type rubber seal that is not in contact with the outer periphery of the inner ring 11. In the present invention, either of the sealing members, the steel plate shield or the non-contact type rubber seal, can be used. From the viewpoint of suppression of outgassing, the steel plate shield is preferably used. Note that the present figure illustrates an aspect in which the scaling member 15 is provided, but the rolling bearing of the present invention also includes an aspect where the rolling bearing includes no sealing member.
In the rolling bearing 10 having the configuration described above, the grease composition G acts to reduce the friction between the rolling elements 13 and the retainer 14, and the friction between the rolling elements 13 and the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12. By reducing the friction, the frictional torque is reduced, and the generation of frictional heat is also suppressed, promoting smooth rotation of the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12. As can be seen from the configuration presented in
As described above, the rolling bearing 10 of the present embodiment is used as a rolling bearing included in a pivot assembly bearing apparatus, that is, a pivot assembly bearing. The rolling bearing 10 of the present embodiment is advantageous in that, even when a volatilized component is generated during driving by using the above-described specific grease composition, the volatilized component is unlikely to adhere to a disk, and that occurrence of read/write errors of a magnetic disk caused by adhesion of the volatilized component can be suppressed.
The bearing apparatus according to the present invention is, namely, a pivot assembly bearing apparatus, and the drive apparatus is, namely, a disk drive apparatus.
Hereinafter, a pivot assembly bearing apparatus including the pivot assembly bearing (rolling bearing) of the above-described embodiment and a disk drive apparatus equipped with the bearing apparatus will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.
As illustrated in
The disk drive apparatus of the present invention can be a disk drive apparatus including 9 or more magnetic disks having a diameter of 3.5 inches, for example. In such an apparatus having a large number of disks, a spatial volume in the apparatus is further reduced. The disk drive apparatus may have an internal space filled with a gas that has a density lower than air. In such a disk drive apparatus having an internal space filled with such a low-density gas, the air pressure inside the apparatus may be less than 1 atmosphere. The disk drive apparatus can employ a heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) system as a recording system. In the disk drive apparatus employing the heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) system, the temperature of a head portion of an actuator may locally reach a high temperature of 400° C.
The pivot assembly bearing apparatus 30 of the present embodiment is mainly constituted by a shaft (axis) 31, a first bearing 40 and a second bearing 50 as two rolling bearings fitted to the shaft 31 with a space S of a predetermined length, and a sleeve 32 (outer peripheral member) externally covering the two rolling bearings 40 and 50. The sleeve 32 has a spacer portion 32a provided for disposing the two rolling bearings 40 and 50 with the space S of a predetermined length in the axial direction.
As such, the shaft 31 is rotatably retained by the first bearing 40 and the second bearing 50.
The spacer portion 32a is not limited to the spacer portion integrally formed with the sleeve 32 as in the embodiment illustrated in
The rolling bearing 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention described above is used as the first bearing 40 and the second bearing 50.
The first bearing 40 is mainly constituted by a first inner ring 41; a first outer ring 42; balls 43 which are a plurality of rolling elements disposed in a track formed between the first inner ring 41 and the first outer ring 42; a retainer 44 disposed in the track to retain the balls 43; a scaling member 45 shielding the track from the outside; and a grease composition (not illustrated) of the present invention and filled in the track.
Similarly, the second bearing 50 is mainly constituted by a second inner ring 51; a second outer ring 52; balls 53 which are a plurality of rolling elements disposed in a track formed between the second inner ring 51 and the second outer ring 52; a retainer 54 disposed in the track to retain the balls 53; a sealing member 55 shielding the track from the outside; and a grease composition (not illustrated) of the present invention and filled in the track.
The shaft 31 has a tubular shaft body 31a and a flange portion 31b formed at one end side of the shaft body 31a and is attached to the base 21 (see
In the pivot assembly bearing apparatus 30 of the present embodiment, the first and second bearings 40 and 50 as the rolling bearings (pivot assembly bearings) filled with the grease composition for a pivot assembly bearing of the present invention are used.
Although a general rolling bearing continuously rotates in one direction, the pivot assembly bearing apparatus 30 performs an oscillating motion at a high speed such that normal rotation and reverse rotation are repeated at a minute angle in order to move the magnetic head 25 of the disk drive apparatus 20 over the magnetic disk 23. It is necessary to move the magnetic head 25 to an accurate position at a high response speed.
In the grease composition used in the present embodiment, even when the base oil volatilizes at a high temperature, the volatilized base oil less adheres to the magnetic disk or the like, and disk read/write errors of the disk drive apparatus can be suppressed.
Also, the grease composition used in the present embodiment can achieve an oil separation amount in an appropriate range and exhibits excellent shape stability of grease. Therefore, it is possible to suppress insufficient supply of a lubricant and oil leakage. As a result, the disk drive apparatus 20 of the present embodiment can stably drive the rolling bearings (the first and second bearings 40 and 50) for a long time. This leads to suppression of disk read/write errors of the disk drive apparatus and enables extension of the life of the pivot assembly bearing apparatus and the disk drive apparatus.
The disclosure is not limited to the embodiment and specific examples described in the present specification, and various changes and variations can be made within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims.
The disclosure is described below in more detail with reference to examples. However, the disclosure is not limited to the examples.
Using various base oils (Examples 1 to 15) presented in Table 1, (1) a disk adhesion test and (2) a read/write error occurrence test were performed according to the following procedures.
The aromatic ester compound having a branched alkyl group with a total of 11 carbon atoms, which was used in Example 12, is a compound represented by the following formula (K). Examples 9, 10, 13 and 15 are esters of trimellitic acid with a mixture of two or three alcohols having a hydroxy group bonded to an alkyl group bonded to a benzene ring presented in each example, and the branched (1) alkyl group of Example 13 and the branched (1) alkyl group of Example 15 are alkyl groups corresponding to R in the following formula (K):
An aluminum magnetic disk plated with electroless nickel was washed twice with each of n-hexane and isopropyl alcohol having a purity of 99% or more, and then completely dried. To this disk, 5 μL of a base oil (sample oil) diluted to 10 vol % with hexane was dropped, and the disk was allowed to stand still for 1 hour as it was.
The state of the droplet after dropping was captured by a camera fixed above the disk. The total areas of the droplet immediately after dropping (after about 5 seconds) and after standing still for 1 hour after dropping were calculated by image analysis software. The percentage (%) of the area value after standing still for 1 hour after dropping to the area value immediately after dropping [area value 1 hour after dropping (final area)/area value immediately after dropping (initial area)] was determined as “disk adhesion” (when the area values before and after standing still do not change at all, the disk adhesion is evaluated as 100%).
This test was repeated a plurality of times for one sample at a temperature of from 20 to 30° C. and a humidity of 30 to 70% RH, and an average value of values when reproducibility (result of area value: within ±5%, N=4 or more) was obtained was adopted as a test result. The results obtained are also presented in Table 1 below.
The cover of an unused disk drive apparatus was removed, 2 mg of the base oil (sample oil) was applied to the periphery of the upper part of the controller (controller 27 in
A heater was brought into contact with the cover surface (surface at a housing outer side, not illustrated in
For a reference test, each base oil was left at 80° C. for one week, and an evaporation amount [%] of the base oil after leaving was determined (N=2). The results obtained are also presented in Table 1 below.
When the base oil is volatilized due to a rise in ambient temperature, a part of the volatilized base oil is condensed when the temperature drops, and the condensed base oil adheres to, for example, the disk or head of the disk drive apparatus, which may cause an error of the apparatus. That is, it can be said that an error is likely to occur at the timing when the temperature drops, and, on the other hand, if no error occurs at the time when the temperature drops, the temperature rise level before the temperature drops can be determined to be acceptable.
In this test, when the read/write error occurrence time point was after 408 hours, the base oils were evaluated as acceptable. As presented in Table 2, the criterion for determination, 408 hours, is the time lapsed until heating was started from the heater temperature of 140° C. Generally, an HDD is not intended to be used in an environment exceeding 70° C. The temperature around the pivot assembly bearing inside the HDD becomes slightly higher than the ambient temperature. Therefore, a criterion for passing the test was that no read/write error occurred (no reallocated sector was generated) even after the cycle (from 241 to 408 hours) at the heater temperature of 110° C. at which the temperature of the sample oil applied to the inside of the HDD reached about 80° C.
In this test, it is important that the steps from the removal of the cover of the disk drive apparatus to the remounting of the cover be carried out in a clean room in order to avoid contamination from the outside. In carrying out this test, the test was carried out without applying the sample oil, and it was confirmed that no error occurred even after a lapse of 1080 hours as the test termination time.
As presented in Table 1, for the base oils of Examples 7 to 15, the ratio (%) of the area after standing still for 1 hour after dropping to the area value immediately after dropping was less than 15%. It was confirmed that the base oils were less likely to adhere to the disk than the base oils of Examples 1 to 6. In addition, for the base oils of Examples 7 to 15, no reallocated sector was generated after a lapse of 408 hours, and it was confirmed that the base oils cleared the criterion for passing the read/write error test. As presented in Table 1, it was confirmed that there is a correlation between the disk adhesion and the reallocated sector generation time.
The antioxidants presented in Table 3, which were used in the grease compositions for a pivot assembly bearing, were evaluated for disk adhesion by the same procedure and test procedure as in (1) Disk Adhesion Test (1) above.
The abbreviations in Table 3 are as follows.
where R′ and R″ each independently represent an octyl group, a hydrogen atom, or a tert-butyl group.
An aluminum magnetic disk plated with electroless nickel was washed twice with each of n-hexane and isopropyl alcohol having a purity of 99% or more, and then completely dried.
Each of the antioxidants presented in Table 3 was diluted to 10 vol % with an alkyl ester of trimellitic acid with 11 carbon atoms (a compound represented by the above formula (K)), and further diluted to 10 vol % with hexane to prepare an antioxidant sample.
Then, 5 μL of the antioxidant sample was dropped to the washed and dried disk, and the disk was allowed to stand for 1 hour as it was.
The state of the droplet after dropping was observed in the same manner as in (1) Disk Adhesion Test (1) above, and the disk adhesion [%] was determined from the area values of the droplet before and after standing still for 1 hour after dropping.
Based on the obtained results, evaluation was performed according to the following criteria for determination.
As presented in Table 3, it was confirmed that the hindered phenol-based antioxidants and the diarylamine-based antioxidants are antioxidants hardly adhering to the disk.
On the other hand, the hindered amine-based antioxidants were evaluated as easily adhering to the disk, and it was confirmed that the antioxidants are not suitable for addition to the grease compositions for a pivot assembly bearing according to the problem of the present invention.
The extreme pressure additives presented in Table 4 used in the grease compositions were evaluated for sludge generation.
Each of the extreme pressure additives presented in Table 4 was diluted to from 1 to 2 vol % with an alkyl ester of trimellitic acid with 11 carbon atoms (a compound represented by the above formula (K)).
For each extreme pressure additive sample, a shell type high-speed quaternary tester was operated in accordance with ASTM D 4172 at a rotational speed of 1200 rpm, a load of 392 N, a temperature of 75° C., and a time of 5 minutes.
Images of balls after the high-speed four ball test were captured with an optical microscope (magnification: 200×). As reference images, photographed images of balls evaluated as E, A, and N according to criteria for determination as will be described below are illustrated in
(Image analysis as will be described later was performed based on the photographed images illustrated in
The captured images were converted into 16-bit gray scale images (65536 gradations), and then converted into monochrome two gradation images with a region having a color tone of from 0 to 100 as a black part. This black part corresponds to a sludge generation part. With respect to the images after the conversion, both left and right ends with an unstable light amount were excluded by 15% with respect to the width of the images.
The monochrome two gradation images after both the left and right ends were excluded were used as target images for analysis, and the sum of the areas of the black parts of the target images for analysis was obtained by the analyze particles function of the image analysis software ImageJ 1.53f.
The ratio of the sum of the areas of the black parts to the area of the entire target image for analysis [sum of the areas of the black parts/area of the entire target image for analysis] (percentage (%)) was defined as an area rate, and evaluation was performed according to the following criteria for determination.
As presented in Table 4, the phosphate triester, the phosphate monoester and/or the phosphate diester were/was evaluated as E (Very good) for sludge determination; the phosphite diester and/or the phosphite triester were/was also evaluated as A (Good); and it was confirmed that the phosphate ester-based extreme pressure additives were suppressed in terms of sludge.
On the other hand, the sulfur-containing additive was evaluated as N (Unsuitable) in the sludge determination and was not determined to be suitable for grease compositions.
The best embodiments have been described in detail above, but the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above, and variations, modifications, and the like within a range achieving the object of the disclosure are included in the disclosure.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-174015 | Oct 2021 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2022/039773 | 10/25/2022 | WO |
