Patent Application
20170050126
The present invention relates to a grid bar for a screen grid of a screen comprising a multiple number of grid bars arranged next to each other and spaced apart from each other, which serves the purpose of separating screening material from a flowing liquid, such as wastewater flowing in a sewer channel. Moreover, a screen for separating and removing screening material from a flowing liquid, such as that from wastewater flowing in a sewer channel, is described, whereas the screen features a screen grid with a multiple number of grid bars arranged next to each other and spaced apart from each other.
Grid bars conforming to this type and screens that are thus equipped are known in the prior art and are used, for example, for the removal of coarse screening material from wastewater flowing in a sewer channel. For this purpose, the screen grid comprising grid bars is integrated in the sewer channel in such a manner that the screen surface formed by the grid bars, starting from a channel bottom of the sewer channel, extend in a direction that is vertical or slightly tilted upward. Finally, for removing the screening material retained by the screen grid, one or more cleaning elements may be present, which may be moved with the assistance of a drive relative to the screen grid, in order to remove the screening material from the screen grid.
In order to ensure the necessary strength and bending stiffness of the individual grid bars, the known grid bars are manufactured from a metal, for example stainless steel. Therefore, the production of the grid bars is correspondingly cost-intensive.
The task of this invention is to propose a grid bar for a corresponding screen, which is characterized by a particularly high stability, despite relatively low production costs.
The task is solved by a grid bar with the characteristics of claim 1.
In accordance with the invention, the grid bar is characterized in that it consists, at least partially, of a plastic reinforced with fibers, whereas at least a part of the fibers extend in a longitudinal direction of the grid bar. Thus, the grid bar has an elongated shape that preferably runs in a straight line, and a multiple number of fibers that extend in the longitudinal direction, that is, in the direction of the largest extension of the grid bar. The fibers may comprise, for example, glass fibers or carbon fibers or a mixture thereof (of course, other fibers, for example made of metal, are not excluded; the term “fiber” merely states that it comprises an elongated and thin structure that is pulled through the grid bar, preferably over its entire length).
The fibers are surrounded by plastic, preferably a plastic resin, or are embedded in the plastic. Thereby, the screen grid receives a sufficiently high bending stiffness and thus can be applied, together with additional grid bars, in one screen grid of a screen. The plastic may comprise, for example, a vinyl ester resin or a polyester resin, or mixtures of different plastics or plastic resins.
Of course, in addition to the plastic and the specified fibers, additional components may be present. Fillers or additives (for example), with the assistance of which the physical properties of the grid bar or its surface can be positively influenced, are conceivable.
The grid bars are finally connected to each other in a screen prior to installation and thus form one unit, whereas, between the grid bars, which preferably run parallel, a multiple number of slots is formed, through which the liquid to be screened may pass through, while screening material that is larger than the slot width is retained by the screen grid.
The screen grid comprising the individual grid bars may be positioned, for example, as components of a wastewater screen within the sewer channel, in order to remove coarse screening material (especially impurities) from the wastewater. It is also conceivable to integrate the screen grid in man-made or natural water channels, such as rivers, in order to, for example, remove impurities from the water in front of weirs or in water intake areas of power plants.
In any event, it is advantageous if at least the majority of the fibers, preferably all fibers, extend continuously between two end faces bounding the grid bar in its longitudinal direction. In particular, the grid bar, and thus the individual fibers, may have a length of over one meter. The end faces may also feature a protective layer, such that the fiber ends are not accessible from the outside and are thus protected, whereas the specified protective layer is preferably present as a plastic (resin) layer and may be only a few millimeters thick.
It is particularly advantageous if at least the majority of the fibers runs parallel to the longitudinal direction of the grid bar and/or parallel to each other. The individual fibers are thereby at least partially surrounded by a plastic resin (whereas the plastic resin referred to in the description or the claims in several places is, of course, cured). The fibers are also preferably embedded in the plastic resin in such a manner that they are not accessible from the outside and are thus protected from mechanical contact with the screening material present in the liquid to be screened.
It is particularly advantageous if at least a part of the fibers has a fineness of at least 300 tex, preferably at least 500 tex (whereas one “tex” corresponds to the linear mass density of one gram per 1000 meters of the particular fiber). If the value is under 300 tex, the tensile strength of the individual fibers would be very low, such that an excessively high number of individual fibers would have to be used. Finally, it is advantageous if the fineness of respective fibers is constant in the longitudinal direction of the grid bar.
It is also extremely advantageous if the ratio between the mass of the fibers and the total mass of the grid bar is at least 0.4, preferably at least 0.5, more preferably at least 0.6. From a value of 0.4, the corresponding grid bar features a strength or bending stiffness that is sufficiently high for most applications. The ratio is preferably constant over the entire extension of the grid bar running lengthwise, may fluctuate in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, whereas, in particular in the area of a front side and/or a back side of the grid bar, it may be advantageous if a higher value than that in the remaining area of the grid bar is selected.
It is also advantageous if the grid bar comprises a multiple number of individual fiber bundles, whereas each of the individual fiber bundles comprises fibers located close to each other and is embedded in a plastic resin. The individual fibers of a fiber bundle may extend parallel to each other or run in a manner twisted together. The same applies to the individual fiber bundles. The number of fiber bundles per grid bar should amount to between 10 and 200, preferably between 40 and 100.
It is particularly advantageous if additional reinforcing elements are arranged at least in the interior of the grid bar, whereas the fibers and the reinforcing elements are embedded in a plastic resin. The reinforcing elements may comprise individual fibers oriented randomly or in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the grid bar, whereas the reinforcing elements are to be arranged between the individual fibers and the respective fiber bundles. Likewise, reinforcing fibers in the form of fabrics or non-woven materials can be used. The mass or volume ratio of fibers or fiber bundles to reinforcing elements are also to be constant in the longitudinal direction of the grid bar, or fluctuate by a maximum of 5%.
It is particularly advantageous if the reinforcing elements are formed by one or more bulk materials. In particular, the reinforcing elements may be made of plastic, metal or glass (it would also be conceivable to use internally hollow glass spheres). The maximum diameter of the respective bulk material is preferably between 1 micron and 150 microns. In addition, the bulk material may be formed in a spherical shape. Preferably, the grid bar finally contains between 0.01 and 10 kg of reinforcing elements per 100 kg of plastic resin (preferably, a value between 0.1 and 5 kg of the reinforcing elements per 100 kg of plastic resin).
It is also advantageous if the grid bar has two side sections running in its longitudinal direction, one front side running in the longitudinal direction and also one back side running in the longitudinal direction, whereas the grid bar features an additional reinforcement at least in the area of the front side (into which, after installation in a screen, a liquid and the screening material contained therein flows) and/or in the area of the back side. The reinforcement may be formed, for example, by individual reinforcing fibers that preferably run in the longitudinal direction of the grid bar and are internal, whereas the reinforcing fibers may also be present in the form of individual fiber bundles. The reinforcing fibers may differ from the fibers specified above with respect to the material or fineness. It is also conceivable that additional fibers that do not differ from the other fibers with respect to fineness and material are used as reinforcing fibers. In this case, in the area of the front and/or the back side of the grid bar, the number of fibers per cross-sectional area would be higher than in a central area in between. In any event, the corresponding fibers/reinforcing fibers cause a reinforcement of the respective areas, such that mechanical wear during use in a screen grid can be minimized.
It is particularly advantageous if the grid bar features, at least in sections, an outer protective layer, which surrounds, at least in sections, the inner core comprising the fibers. The protective layer may be arranged, for example, in the area of the front side specified above and/or the adjoining side sections, and preferably extends over the entire longitudinal extension of the grid bar. Further, it is conceivable that the protective layer is formed in one layer or multiple layers. In particular, the protective layer should have a hardness or abrasion resistance greater than the plastic resin surrounding the fibers of the grid bar.
It is also advantageous if the protective layer comprises at least one non-woven material and/or one fabric, whereas the protective layer is preferably embedded in a plastic resin. For example, it would be conceivable to use a non-woven material or a fabric based on glass fiber. The fabric or non-woven material used preferably has a surface weight of at least 50 grams per square meter, whereas the surface weight is preferably constant in the longitudinal direction of the grid bar.
Finally, the screen in accordance with the invention is characterized in that it comprises a screen grid, the grid bars of which consist at least partially of a plastic reinforced with fibers, whereas at least a part of the fibers extend in the longitudinal direction of the grid bars. With respect to possible additional forms of the individual grid bars, reference is made to the previous or following description, whereas the respective features may be implemented individually or in any combination (to the extent that there is no conflict in this regard).
In particular, the screen may comprise a wastewater screen, which may be integrated, for example, in a sewer channel, in order to screen from the wastewater screening material brought along in the wastewater. The use of the screen for cleaning river water in the area of a water inlet of a power plant or in the area of corresponding accumulating or collecting devices of natural or artificial water channels is also conceivable.
In any event, it is advantageous if the screen comprises a drive and at least one cleaning element that is movable relative to the screen grid with the assistance of the drive, with the assistance of which screening material retained by the screen grid can be removed from the screen grid and can be conveyed in the direction of a discharge of the screen. The cleaning element may comprise, for example, a cleaning rake that is movable circumferentially around the screen grid, the cleaning teeth of which engage in the gaps existing between the grid bars and move the retained screening material along the screen grid, in order to thereby free it of the screening material.
Additional advantages of the invention are described in the following embodiments. The following is shown, in each case schematically.
It must be noted in advance that, in figures that show several similar (that is, drawn the same) components, only one of multiple similar components is provided with a reference sign, in order to ensure the necessary clarity.
The screen 3 features a screen grid 2 projecting in the sewer channel 4 obliquely from the top, which is connected by fastening elements (not shown) to the channel wall of the sewer channel 4 or a support structure of the screen 3. The screen grid 2 in turn comprises, as shown in
Gaps 20 ultimately arise between the individual grid bars 1, such that the wastewater 5 and minor impurities can pass through the screen grid 2. By contrast, larger screening material is retained by the grid bars 1, such that, as a result, the screen 3 effects a cleaning of the wastewater 5.
In order to remove the retained screening material from the screen grid 2, the screen 3 features one or more cleaning elements 12, which are movable relative to the screen grid 2 with the assistance of a drive 11. For example, the cleaning elements 12 are present in the form of comb-like cleaning rakes, the individual cleaning teeth of which grasp (are engaged) in or through the specified gaps 20 of the screen grid. The cleaning elements 12 may move by means of, for example, two circulating chains 21 that run parallel and can be driven in a circulating manner with the assistance of a drive 11.
The screening material retained by the screen grid 2 (in
The individual fibers 6 preferably run parallel to each other and extend between the two end faces 7 bounding the grid bar 1 in the longitudinal direction L.
It would also be possible to arrange the fibers 6 in the form of individual fiber bundles 8, as shown in
Furthermore,
It is also conceivable to, in the area of the front side 16 and/or the shown back side 17, increase the fiber density (that is, the number of fibers 6 per cross-sectional area) compared to a central area of the grid bar 1 placed between the front side 16 and the back side 17. This ultimately leads to an increase in the strength of the specified areas that, in the operation of the screen 3, given the retained screening material or the cleaning elements 12 moved relative to the screen grid 2, are exposed to a particularly high mechanical load. The fiber density may be increased in the specified area, in particular through the provision of additional reinforcing fibers 18, whereas the nature and fineness of all of the fibers 6 used may be identical.
Alternatively or additionally, it may also be advantageous to arrange individual reinforcing elements 14 between the respective fibers 6 or the individual fiber bundles 8, that is, to embed them in the plastic resin 9. The reinforcing elements 14 may comprise, for example, a bulk material (for example, made of glass), whereas the concentration of the bulk material in the area of the front side 16 and/or the back side 17 may be higher than the intermediate central area or the two side sections 15 of the grid bar 1.
Finally,
This invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments. Variations in the claims, such as any combination of the described characteristics, are also possible, even if they are presented and described in different parts of the description and/or the claims, or in different embodiments.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2014 106 059.8 | Apr 2014 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2015/058920 | 4/24/2015 | WO | 00 |
