Patent Grant
8424268
This invention relates generally to grid members for suspended ceilings and, more particularly, to elements such as runners or wall angles used in a suspended ceiling grid to support ceiling panels and to the manufacture of the runners or wall angles.
Suspended ceiling systems are widely used in a variety of applications, such as in commercial and residential buildings. Grid-type suspension ceilings cover the plenum area, while still allowing access to the plenum area, which typically contains components of the building's wiring, heating, venting, air conditioning, and plumbing systems, among other mechanical components. A grid of spaced runners and cross-runners are frequently used to position and support the panels. Ceiling tiles or panels are commonly supported in the grid by laying the perimeter of such panels on the panel-support flanges of the runners. The runners and cross-runners are generally suspended from the ceiling using wires, rods, or other suspension runners, among other means, and are arranged and sized according to the shape and size of the panels being supported therein.
The runners are typically made of strips of sheet metal of a minimum thickness folded in a particular cross-section or profile in order to provide an acceptable level of flexural load bearing capacity with relatively little visible downward deflection to safely support the ceiling panels during regular use and during fires as well as to provide an aesthetically pleasing appearance. The sheet metal runners also have a desirable torsional stiffness so that the runners can be easily manipulated when the runners are being hung from a ceiling and attached to other runners during assembly of the ceiling grid. However, the relatively thick sheet metal used to form the runners as well as the relatively large cross-section or profile of the runners increases both the costs of shipping and manufacturing such runners.
One way to strengthen the runner so that a thinner sheet metal can be used and/or so that the cross-section of the runner can be reduced is to interconnect overlapping layers of the runner to form a shear rigid bond between the layers, thereby more effectively absorbing and spreading forces over the overlapping parts of the runner. For instance, inverted T-shaped runners (“grid tees”) have a vertical stalk connected at its base to a horizontal flange and are manufactured by bending a piece of sheet metal so that two opposing plates or webs form the stalk. A bottom plate or capping forms the bottom of the grid tee to cover the crack formed between the two webs forming the stalk. The flange is formed by bending the bottom of each web to extend outward to form two tables on which the capping is placed. When the two webs forming the stalk are connected to each other by an additional fastener, the fastener absorbs torsional forces and spreads the forces more evenly over both webs, thereby reducing the twisting of the webs. Similarly, interconnecting the tables with the capping absorbs and distributes forces resulting in increased flexural load carrying capacity.
One way to interconnect the overlapping webs or layers of the runner is to use adhesive. Using adhesive, however, can cause extra wear and damage to forming tools such as roll formers, presses, or punches that are used to form the runner but that come into contact with the adhesive. This occurs when the roll formers cut and fold the sheet metal into the general shape of the runner and/or the presses form penetrations used to attach further metal parts (clips or splices for example) to the runner or to create openings for cross-tee grid runners or wire hangers required for the installation of the finished grid products. Adhesive that collects on the forming tools may cause the tools to make imprecise cuts, require greater force to make the cuts, cause the tools to malfunction or jam, or may cause an undesirable thermo or chemical reaction with the tools or other parts or machines near the tools resulting in accelerated wear.
It is an object of certain embodiments of the invention to mitigate one or more of these disadvantages.
Another problem is that the adhesive may flow and collect in the folds of the runner. In this case, the pooled adhesive may not compress sufficiently for proper folding of the runner so that its overlapping webs can abut each other. This results in a runner with poor structural characteristics.
To prevent these problems, a high viscosity adhesive may be used that generally cannot flow to parts of the runner that will come into contact with the forming tools. In certain situations, however, a high viscosity adhesive may not be practical. For instance, it may be otherwise more efficient or economical to use low viscosity hot melt or moisture cured adhesives, or application methods such as spraying or certain bead application processes may require a low viscosity adhesive. Furthermore, even with high viscosity adhesives, some manufacturing line speeds move the runners and/or adhesive application equipment so fast that even high viscosity adhesive will be splashed to parts of the runner that receive a forming tool. Finally, some adhesives harden and expand as they set. In these cases, the expandable and hardening adhesives placed between overlapping webs on the runner may undesirably bend or deform the webs as it expands.
According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided an element for use in a suspended ceiling grid, comprising:
The flange portion may extend laterally on one side of the plane of the stalk portion whereby to provide an element of substantially L-shape in end elevation.
Alternatively, the flange portion may extend laterally on both sides of the plane of the stalk portion, whereby to provide an element of substantially T-shape in end elevation.
There may be at least one distinct indent portion.
Suitably, the stalk portion may comprise at least two substantially parallel opposed web portions.
The flange portion may comprise an upper in use portion with an upwardly facing surface, a capping portion generally disposed beneath in use the upper portion, and at least one overturned portion adapted to connect the upper in use portion and the capping portion.
In a preferred embodiment the overturned portion may extend from below the upper portion to above the upwardly facing surface of the upper in use portion.
There may be an adhesive disposed in one or more of the at least one indent portions.
Suitably, the two opposed web portions may each comprise at least one indent portion.
For ease of manufacture and/or use, the indent portions in opposed web portions may be opposed.
The at least one indent portion may define at least one channel extending longitudinally of the element.
There may be at least two channels which may be substantially parallel with one another and there may be adhesive disposed in more than one of the at least two channels.
There may be adhesive disposed between the upwardly facing surface and the overturned portion.
Suitably, the adhesive may comprise a low viscosity adhesive.
The element may comprise a runner for a suspended ceiling grid, or alternatively may comprise a wall angle for a suspended ceiling grid.
According to a second aspect, the invention provides a runner for a suspended ceiling grid, comprising:
According to a third aspect, the invention provides a runner for a suspended ceiling grid, comprising:
According to a fourth aspect, the invention provides a runner for a suspended ceiling grid, comprising;
According to a fifth aspect, the invention provides a method of forming an element for a suspended ceiling grid, comprising the steps of:
According to a sixth aspect, the invention provides a method of forming an element for a suspended ceiling grid, comprising the steps of:
According to a seventh aspect, the invention provides a wall angle for a suspended ceiling grid comprising:
With reference to
In this embodiment, the runner 10 has an upper portion 22 and a lower portion 24 that, in one embodiment, is formed separately from the upper portion 22. The upper portion 22 forms the stalk 12 while both the upper and lower portions 22 and 24 cooperatively form the flange 16. The stalk 12 has an upper reinforcing bulb 26 forming the terminal upper end 80 of the stalk 12 and two opposing webs 28 and 30 extending downward from the bulb. Each of the webs 28 and 30 is bent outward at the bottom end portion 14 of the stalk 12 to form two diverging, laterally extending left and right tables 32 and 34 with opposing distal ends 36 and 38 respectively.
The lower portion 24 serves, at least in part, as capping that extends beneath at least one of the tables 32 and 34, but for this embodiment extends from one of the distal ends 36 to the other distal end 38. The capping 24 has a solid, continuous plate 40 that covers a non-aesthetically pleasing crack 42 formed between the two opposing webs 28 and 30 that would otherwise be visible from beneath the runner 10. In order to secure the capping 24 to the tables 32 and 34, the capping 24 has two opposite overturned portions 44 and 46 that both curl upwardly and inwardly to extend from beneath the tables 32 and 34, around the distal ends 36 and 38 of the tables, and to above an upper surface 48 and 50 of the tables, respectively. This configuration retains the distal ends 36 and 38 within spaces 52 and 54 that are respectively formed by the overturned portions 44 and 46.
For the current embodiment, an adhesive 56 is used to bond two web portions 58 and 60 to each other to strengthen the runner 10. The web portions 58 and 60 may be part of the two opposing webs 28 and 30 (as shown in
Low viscosity adhesive 56 used with the runners 10 may be moisture cured and/or may comprise a hot melt adhesive. Some possible adhesives may be a polyurethane based adhesive although any other adhesive with sufficient strength, bonding, and other properties discussed herein may be used such as cyanoacrylate adhesives, isocyanate adhesives, and epoxy adhesives to name a few examples. Such adhesives may be in a more liquid form with a relatively lower viscosity than when it is heated and expands as it cools into a solid state.
As mentioned previously, such a low viscosity adhesive 56 may wear, damage, or jam roll formers, punches, presses 76 (shown schematically using dashed lines in
In the illustrated embodiment, this space 64 is an elongated channel 74 formed by an indent portion 62 and extending longitudinally along the runner 10. Here, a plurality of the indent portions 62 forms a plurality of such channels 74 generally extending parallel to each other. While three indent portions 62 (or channels) are shown on each web 28 and 30, it will be appreciated that fewer or more channels may be provided on each web. The adhesive 56 is disposed in one or more of the channels 74 but need not necessarily be placed in all of the channels.
The adhesive 56 may extend continuously along the channels 74 in a line along the length of runner 10. Alternatively, if the bonding strength of the adhesive 56 is sufficient, the adhesive may be generally uniformly or otherwise spaced along the channels. For example, the adhesive 56 may have spacing that corresponds to openings or penetrations along the runner to further ensure no contact between the forming tools and adhesive. Thus, in one instance, an adhesive line has breaks every 5 cm to avoid slits 18 on the runner. The spacing could also provide longer sections or shorter sections where the adhesive substantially forms a line of dots or beads having other shapes, such as circular, elliptical, or the like.
The profile of each indent portion 62 is shaped to hold the adhesive 56, and in the embodiment shown, is formed by a plurality of generally flat plate portions 66, 68, and 70 where opposing plates 66 and 68 extend obliquely from a main portion of the web 28 or 30 and in merging directions. Both plate portions 66 and 68 extend outwardly to middle plate portion 70 which is spaced laterally from the main portion 72 and generally extends parallel to the main portion 72. It will be understood that in other embodiments, the indent portion 62 may have many other shapes and forms as long as it has a depth sufficient to at least generally restrict the adhesive 56 from flowing out of the space 64 being defined by the indent portion 62. The depth of the indent portion 62, or the total depth of two opposing indent portions, should also be a sufficient depth to substantially contain the adhesive 56 within the space 64 when the adhesive is in an expanded solid state. In one embodiment, the total indent portion depth is approximately 0.5 to 2.0 mm depending on the type of adhesive such that non-swelling adhesives can be placed in shallower indent portions.
In one form, the two opposing web portions 58 and 60 each have at least one indent portion 62 for receiving the adhesive 56. As shown in
In other alternative embodiments, indent portions 62 without adhesive in addition to the indents 62 that hold adhesive may be placed on the stalk 12 or flange 16 to further strengthen the runner 10. It is understood that indents alone, in the form of elongate channels, will also increase the torsional stiffness of the runner.
It will also be appreciated that in some alternative embodiments, the adhesive may be placed both in confined areas such as the indent portions 56 and in uncontrolled areas. Thus, for example, the adhesive 56 could be placed in indent portions on the stalk 12 and placed between the unshaped, flat portions of the tables and capping. Alternatively, adhesive could be placed between flat areas of the webs 28 and 30 on the stalk 12 in addition to within the indent portions 62. In such cases, adhesives with different viscosities might be used depending upon whether or not the adhesive is placed within an indent portion 62. Many other combinations are contemplated.
Whether or not the indent portions 62 hold adhesive, it should be noted that the indent portions along the sides of stalk 12 and flange 16 are different and separate from the terminal bulb 26. The bulb 26 is made by both webs 28 and 30 of the stalk 12 while the indent portion 62 may be made by a single web or side 28 or 30. Also, multiple parallel indent portions 62 may be provided as mentioned below to increase the strength of the runner. Thus, the indent portions 62 may be provided in addition to the bulb 26 or the bulb may not be needed when the indents 62 provide sufficient strength.
Referring to
Referring to
It will also be understood that either or both the flange 16 or stalk 12 of the runner 300 may have one or more indent portions 62, whether or not holding adhesive as described above for any of the runner embodiments, to further increase flexural load bearing capacity if placed on the flange 16 or to increase torsional stiffness if placed on the stalk 12.
For some of the embodiments described herein, the indent portions 62 and 202 can be integrally formed with the at least one web portions 28 and 30 by a cold roll forming process although other options are contemplated. To form the grid profile on the runner 10, 200, or 300, a strip of sheet metal passes through a set of roll forms or roll formers, and with each pass of an individual roll former, the sheet metal is brought closer to the shape of the final profile. On one of these passes, at least one indent portion 62 or 202 is formed on a web member of the runner. An adhesive, whether or not expandable, may be placed in the at least one indent while the profile is between two roll forming passes. Sponge rollers may be used to apply moisture to the runner when the adhesive is a moisture curing type of adhesive. While the adhesive may be applied by spraying, direct application in bead form generally uniformly along the length of the runner (or in any other desired spacing) is preferred because spraying often requires fume extraction.
After placing the adhesive in the at least one indent portion, one or more additional roll formers move on the web member for further shaping of the runner. The roll former may pass over the adhesive in the indent portions when the adhesive is applied to that side of the sheet metal that will be in direct contact with the roll formers. Due to the depth of the indent portions, the adhesive is maintained out of contact with the roll formers. Subsequently, the indent portion also provides sufficient space to substantially maintain the adhesive out of contact with any of the other forming tools, such as a punch or press 76, which is used to penetrate the runners.
In one of the subsequent roll form passes after the adhesive is in place in the indent portion, the roll formers fold the web member to form the two opposing web portions 58 and 60 which places the adhesive between the two opposing web portions. As mentioned above, if the adhesive is expandable, the indent portion or portions should have sufficient dimensions to permit the adhesive to expand without substantially bending, denting, or undesirably deforming the web member.
So configured, ceiling grid runners can be reliably formed of economical materials that will otherwise meet the various requirements for quality components in this regard. The lack of strength that such economical materials might otherwise present can be effectively overcome by the use of an adhesive. At the same time, economical manufacturing processes can be used that do not present significant quality, cycle time, and/or maintenance issues due to the use of adhesive in a line operation (including relatively high-speed line operations). Those skilled in the art will also recognize and appreciate that these teachings are readily scaled to meet a variety of needs and can be readily applied in a variety of application settings to leverage a wide variety of existing practices and grid runner designs.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that a wide variety of modifications, alterations, and combinations can be made with respect to the above described embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention, and that such modifications, alterations, and combinations are to be viewed as being within the ambit of the inventive concept.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0800496.2 | Jan 2008 | GB | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/GB2009/000034 | 1/7/2009 | WO | 00 | 10/20/2010 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009/087378 | 7/16/2009 | WO | A |
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| Notification of Transmittal of The International Search Report and The Written Opinion of The International Searching Authority, or the Declaration, International Search Report dated Mar. 16, 2009, Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority, International Application No. PCT/GB2009/000034, International Filing Date Jan. 7, 2009. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
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| 20110023400 A1 | Feb 2011 | US |
