The present invention relates to a grinding assembly for bevelling corners of glass sheets.
In sheet glass grinding, so-called two-sided grinding machines are used, which comprise a succession of grinding wheels for grinding the opposite lateral edges of the sheet; and two corner bevelling assemblies, downstream from the grinding wheels in the travelling direction of the sheet, for grinding the front and rear corners of the sheet.
Each corner bevelling assembly comprises a vertical-axis grinding wheel; a first powered guide-slide assembly for moving the grinding wheel in a longitudinal direction parallel to the travelling direction of the sheet; and a second powered guide-slide assembly for moving the grinding wheel to and from a forward work position in a transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
To grind the corners of the sheet, the sheet is fed longitudinally towards the corner bevelling assembly at a substantially given speed; as the sheet moves forward, the grinding wheel is first moved in the transverse direction towards the sheet and into the forward work position by the second guide-slide assembly; and, once the position of the sheet is determined, the first guide-slide assembly eases the grinding wheel towards the sheet in the longitudinal direction, to minimize impact between the sheet and the grinding wheel waiting in the forward work position.
Though widely used, known corner bevelling assemblies have the major drawback of being difficult to control, or at least accurately enough to prevent the sheet from slamming directly against the grinding wheel, thus resulting in chipping or breakage of the sheet, which is therefore eventually rejected.
The sheet slamming against the grinding wheel may even damage the grinding wheel itself, so that, unless the wheel is sharpened frequently, grinding quality becomes inconsistent.
The above drawback is caused by various factors, foremost of which is failure of the first guide-slide assembly actuator—be it pneumatic or electric—to accurately control the movement of the grinding wheel with respect to the sheet, to ensure steady, smooth contact between the sheet and the grinding wheel, and consistent bevel quality.
Moreover, in the event of wear of the sheet conveyors and/or errors in detecting the position of the sheet along its route, it is practically impossible to determine the exact position of the sheet. As a result, the sheet may slam into the grinding wheel, as stated above, but may often even fail to contact the wheel at all, which on the one hand saves the grinding wheel, but on the other invariably results in dimensional errors in grinding the corners.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a grinding assembly for bevelling corners of glass sheets, designed to provide a simple, low-cost solution to the above problems.
According to the present invention, there is provided a grinding assembly for bevelling corners of glass sheets, the assembly comprising a fixed frame; a movable frame; a grinding wheel; a supporting arm for supporting said grinding wheel and connected to said movable frame; and an actuating device interposed between said fixed frame and said movable frame, and in turn comprising a first powered guide-slide assembly for moving the movable frame in a direction parallel to a longitudinal travelling direction of a work sheet of glass, and a second powered guide-slide assembly for moving said movable frame and said supporting arm with respect to the fixed frame in a transverse direction perpendicular to said longitudinal direction; the assembly being characterized by also comprising a locator carried by said supporting arm and defining a stop surface, for said sheet, at a distance from said grinding wheel; and a compensating device comprising a third guide-slide assembly and flexible means, and which allows said supporting arm to move with respect to said movable frame in a direction parallel to said longitudinal direction.
The present invention also relates to a grinding method for bevelling corners of glass sheets.
According to the present invention, there is provided a grinding method for bevelling corners of glass sheets by means of a grinding assembly as claimed in the attached claims, and comprising the steps of feeding a work sheet of glass in a longitudinal direction; and adjusting the translation speed of the grinding wheel in a direction parallel to said longitudinal direction and with respect to said work sheet; the method being characterized by bevelling a said corner by keeping a lateral surface, parallel to said transverse direction, of said work sheet in contact with a locator other than said grinding wheel, and in a fixed position with respect to said grinding wheel in said longitudinal direction; the adjustment in said translation speed of said grinding wheel comprising a controlled fine compensatory adjustment, whereby said grinding wheel is allowed to move, parallel to said longitudinal direction, with respect to said movable frame, while keeping the sheet at a distance from said grinding wheel.
A non-limiting embodiment of the invention will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
a-3f show top plan views of the
Number 1 in
Assembly 7 comprises a fixed frame 8; and two perpendicular powered guide-slide assemblies 9 and 10. Assembly 9 comprises a straight guide 11 fitted integrally to frame 8; and a slide 12 fitted to guide 11 to slide back and forth in a direction 11a parallel to longitudinal direction 4 and under the control of a respective actuator 12a, preferably an electric motor.
Slide 12 is fitted integrally with a straight guide 13 of assembly 10, the slide 14 of which slides back and forth along guide 13 in a transverse direction 13a, perpendicular to directions 4 and 11a, and under the control of a respective actuator 14a, preferably an electric motor.
An inverted-T-shaped supporting body 15 extends upwards from slide 14, is hinged to slide 14 in known manner to rotate about a hinge axis parallel to direction 11a, and is fitted with a mounting plate or frame 16. Plate 16 is fitted to a fixed guide 18, fitted to a vertical wall 19 of body 15, to slide up and down in a vertical direction 18a perpendicular to directions 11a and 13a, and under the control of a screw-nut screw assembly 20 operated by a knob 21.
With reference to
Assembly 23 comprises two straight guides 24 fitted integrally to mounting plate 16 and parallel to directions 4 and 11a; and a slide 25 fitted to guides 24 to slide back and forth, and fitted firmly with a rear connecting portion of arm 22. At its free end opposite the rear connecting portion, arm 22 is fitted with a powered grinding wheel 27 fitted to arm 22 to rotate about a vertical axis 27a, perpendicular to directions 4, 11a and 13a, under the control of a respective electric motor. On the opposite side of grinding wheel 27 to slide 25, arm 22 is fitted integrally, in a fixed position with respect to grinding wheel 27, with a locator 28 for arresting the front and rear lateral surfaces 3a, 3b of sheet 3 perpendicular to longitudinal direction 4.
With reference to
In a variation not shown, locator 28 is defined by at least one cylindrical body with a generating line parallel to axis 27a of grinding wheel 27, but still at a distance from grinding wheel 27.
With specific reference to
With reference to
Platelike body 33 of screw-nut screw assembly 20 is also fitted firmly with an outer casing 38 of a linear position transducer 39, a movable output member 40 of which is connected to one of arms 36. Transducer 39 is connected electrically to a known comparing and control unit 42, to which actuators 12a and 14a of guide-slide assemblies 9 and 10 are also connected.
With reference to
With reference to
When sheet 3, travelling in longitudinal direction 4, is intercepted by a known detecting device (not shown), actuator 14a is operated and locator 28 moved into a forward intercept position. More specifically, the intercept position is designed so that, as the sheet contacts the locator, the work corner of the sheet comes to rest against surface 28a and therefore still at a distance from grinding wheel 27, with no possibility of interfering with the grinding wheel (
At this point, actuator 12a is operated to move inverted-T-shaped supporting body 15 in the same travelling direction as sheet 3, but at a slower speed, so as to gradually reduce the relative speed and therefore the distance between locator 28 and sheet 3. Linear actuator 31 continues to be powered, but at a lower pressure than for the fast movement of arm 22 towards sheet 3, and which varies according to the size of sheet 3, as explained below.
As lateral surface 3a of sheet 3 comes to rest against surface 28a of locator 28 (
To achieve this, when the movement of arm 22 with respect to plate 16, detected by transducer 39, exceeds a given threshold value—set in unit 42 and selected to prevent linear actuator 31 from reaching its limit position, and to ensure contact between sheet 3 and locator 28—transducer 39 sends a position signal to unit 42, which commands actuator 12a to accelerate slide 12 in the travelling direction of sheet 3 and so reduce the difference in speed between sheet 3 and slide 12, until slide 12 reaches the same speed as sheet 3, with arm 22 positioned halfway along its travel along guides 24. The movement of arm 22 with respect to plate 16 as a consequence of actual contact between sheet 3 and locator 28 is thus compensated.
As soon as the relative speed between locator 28 and sheet 3 is steadied at zero, and sheet-locator contact pressure is substantially constant, actuator 14a is operated to ease grinding wheel 27 towards the sheet and grind the front corner, as shown in
Once the corner is ground, actuator 12a is operated to withdraw grinding wheel 27 from sheet 3, followed by operation of actuator 14a to move grinding wheel 27 back to the start position (
In the
With reference to
Slide 49 is moved into a forward limit position by a linear actuator 52, which, in the example shown, is a mechanical actuator comprising a variably preloaded spring. Alternatively, actuator 52 is pneumatic or electromechanical, both controlled by respective control units (not shown) connected to unit 42.
In the
In actual use, sheet 3 travels in longitudinal direction 4 until it comes to rest against locator 28, as described above; in which situation, lateral locators 50a, 50b are detached from longitudinal lateral surface 3c of sheet 3, so as not to interfere with sheet 3. As arm 22, and therefore grinding wheel 27, moves towards sheet 3 in direction 13a to grind the corner, slide 49, pushed by actuator 52 into the forward position, moves integrally with arm 22 until one of locators 50a, 50b contacts longitudinal lateral surface 3c of sheet 3. At this point, slide 49 starts moving with respect to arm 22, and grinding of the corner commences. Grinding is terminated when shoulder 56 contacts screw 55, and switch 57 sends a stop signal to unit 42 to stop actuator 14a.
Positioning sheet 3 against locators 50a, 50b provides for positioning the sheet correctly with respect to the grinding wheel and so ensuring consistent grinding and dimensional consistency of the ground corner.
In the
In the
In the
In actual use, in the absence of any contact between locator 28 and sheet 3, arm 22 is kept in the rest position by springs 66 and 67. As with a pneumatic or electromechanical compensating device, sheet 3 travelling in longitudinal direction 4 is first intercepted by said detecting device, after which, actuator 14a is operated to move locator 28 into the forward intercept position. As with the other intercept positions, the intercept position is designed so that, as the sheet contacts the locator, the corner for grinding rests against surface 28a and therefore at a distance from grinding wheel 27, so as not to interfere with the wheel (
At this point, actuator 12a is operated to move inverted-T-shaped supporting body 15 in the same travelling direction as sheet 3, but at a slower speed, so as to gradually reduce the relative speed and therefore the distance between locator 28 and sheet 3.
As lateral surface 3a of sheet 3 comes to rest against surface 28a of locator 28, sheet 3 exerts thrust on locator 28, so that arm 22 moves gradually with respect to mounting plate 16 in the travelling direction of sheet 3, thus compressing spring 67 and relieving spring 66. The movement of arm 22, as a result of the thrust exerted by the sheet, continues, together with the movement of inverted-T-shaped supporting body 15 in longitudinal direction 4, until a balance is reached, i.e. until the relative speed of sheet 3 and locator 28, and therefore grinding wheel 27, in longitudinal direction 4 equals zero.
To achieve this, when the movement of arm 22 with respect to the centreline of guides 24, detected by transducer 39, exceeds a given threshold value—set in unit 42 and selected to prevent arm 22 from reaching its limit position along guides 24, and to ensure contact between sheet 3 and locator 28—transducer 39 sends a position signal to unit 42, which commands actuator 12a to accelerate slide 12 in the travelling direction of sheet 3 to reduce the difference in speed between sheet 3 and slide 12 and bring the arm gradually back to the rest position, thus compensating the movement of arm 22 with respect to plate 16.
As soon as the relative speed between locator 28 and sheet 3 is steadied at zero, and sheet-locator contact pressure is substantially constant, actuator 14a is operated to ease grinding wheel 27 towards sheet 3 and grind the front corner, as shown in
Once the front corner is ground, actuator 12a is operated to withdraw grinding wheel 27 from sheet 3, followed by operation of actuator 14a to move grinding wheel 27 back to the start position (
At this point, actuator 12a is operated again to move grinding wheel 27 to the rear of sheet 3, and actuator 14a is operated to move the grinding wheel back into the forward intercept position (
As will be clear from the above description, assembly 7 described provides above all for preventing any direct contact between the moving sheet 3 and grinding wheel 27. In fact, in assembly 7 described, as the sheet 3 on conveyor 2 nears grinding wheel 27, it comes to rest against locator 28, which keeps it at a distance from grinding wheel 27, thus reducing, or even completely eliminating, the risk of chipping or breaking the sheet, and/or uneven wear of grinding wheel 27 caused mainly by a moving element, such as the sheet, contacting a fast-rotating member, such as the grinding wheel.
Regardless of wear of sheet conveyor 2 and/or any dimensional errors or errors in detecting the position of sheet 3 along its route, the locator 28 and compensating device 30 combination provides not only for smooth, steady sheet-locator contact, but also for accurately controlling sheet-locator contact pressure, so that it is minimum or at any rate always below a predetermined threshold, regardless of the size, and therefore weight, of the sheet.
Locators 50a, 50b associated with the stop device or transducer provide for moving grinding wheel 27 in direction 13a with respect to longitudinal lateral surface 3c by the same amount at all times, thus ensuring consistent grinding of the corner, regardless of any sheet 3 dimensional or positioning errors.
Employing an ordinary pneumatic or electromechanical actuator, which on the one hand provides for rapid approach of grinding wheel 27 to sheet 3, and on the other serves as an elastic spring, obviously guarantees sheet-locator contact every time, thus ensuring geometric and dimensional consistency of the ground part. In assembly 7, in fact, the corners are ground by feeding grinding wheel 27 towards sheet 3 in direction 13a, but only when sheet 3 and locator 28 are moving in unison, and sheet 3 is therefore longitudinally and transversely stationary with respect to grinding wheel 27.
When grinding the corner, sheet 3 is maintained in sliding contact with locator 28 at all times, which means the sheet is ground in the same conditions as if the sheet were stationary inside a grinding station, into which the grinding wheel is moved.
As will be clear from the above, the way in which longitudinal assembly 9 is compensation-controlled by position transducer 39 means small linear actuators may be used, thus reducing the overall length of assembly 7 in travelling direction 4 of sheets 3.
Clearly, changes may be made to assembly 7 as described herein without, however, departing from the protective scope as defined in the accompanying claims. More specifically, the guide-slide assemblies, locator 28, or the elastic devices interposed between arm 22 and the slide supporting arm 22 may differ from those described herein.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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TO2009A0341 | Apr 2009 | IT | national |
Number | Date | Country |
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1197295 | Apr 2002 | EP |
1559507 | Aug 2005 | EP |
2571290 | Apr 1986 | FR |
Entry |
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European Search Report issued Sep. 14, 2010 in the corresponding European Patent Application No. 10161361.0. |
Number | Date | Country | |
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20100279589 A1 | Nov 2010 | US |