The present technology, roughly described, provides a ground switch apparatus for grounding a power source with a high voltage and/or current. The ground switch apparatus is a passive mechanical device and marine compatible. The switch includes components having low moisture absorption properties and resistance to does not experience corrosion such as galvanic corrosion. The ground switch apparatus includes a grounding assembly that engages a connection mechanism to ground the power source that is electrically coupled to the ground switch. The ground switch apparatus can be configured, for example by physically moving components within the ground switch, to provide a grounded or ungrounded/open circuit configuration. To provide ground, a grounding assembly connects smoothly to a connection mechanism, for example using a pin-and-socket connection. The ground switch apparatus includes sealed components, anodized parts, passivated parts, and selected materials to avoid galvanic coupling and achieve marine environment compatibility. The ground switch apparatus may be used within and communicate status signals to a power distribution unit.
The present technology, roughly described, provides a ground switch apparatus for grounding a power source with a high voltage and/or current. The ground switch apparatus is a passive mechanical device and marine compatible. The switch includes components having low moisture absorption properties and resistance to does not experience corrosion such as galvanic corrosion. The ground switch apparatus includes a grounding assembly that engages a connection mechanism to ground the power source that is electrically coupled to the ground switch. The ground switch apparatus can be configured, for example by physically moving components within the ground switch, to provide a grounded or ungrounded/open circuit configuration. To provide ground, a grounding assembly connects smoothly to a connection mechanism, for example using a pin-and-socket connection. The ground switch apparatus includes sealed components, anodized parts, passivated parts, and selected materials to avoid galvanic coupling and achieve marine environment compatibility. The ground switch apparatus may be used within and communicate status signals to a power distribution unit.
The ground switch apparatus is marine compatible, for example by being corrosion resistant within a saltwater air environment. The corrosion resistance is achieved with corrosion resistant materials used within the apparatus, anodized aluminum parts, passivated fasteners, sealed switches, and material selection. In some instances, materials are selected to avoid galvanic coupling. For example, materials for the apparatus may be selected to eliminate contact of dissimilar metals with each other.
The ground switch apparatus is resistant to wear compared to other switches. The ground switch apparatus provides a path from a power source to ground through a smooth-connecting grounding assembly. The circuit closing system can include a pin socket connection mechanism, wherein male pins can engage female receptor connectors. There may be one or more pin and socket pairs, such as for example three pin-socket pairs for a three-phase system.
Galvanic corrosion is eliminated due to elimination of metal to metal contact between the components of the system. For example, bushings made of electrically non-conductive material, such as plastic, are used to couple metal components of the apparatus to each other. This prevents a metal to metal connection, thereby eliminating galvanic corrosion between the metals. For example, a stainless-steel spring attached to a stainless-steel shaft is separated with an electrically non-conductive material (e.g., plastic) spool between the spring and shaft.
Power source 120 may include a source of high voltage or current that can be grounded by ground switch apparatus 110. For example, the voltage may be up to 10 kilovolts, and the current may be up to 70 amps. In some instances, power source 120 can be implemented as a transformer, for example on a marine vessel such as a ship or submarine. Power source 120 may be electrically coupled to ground switch apparatus 110 via one or more wired connections 115. The ground switch apparatus 110 may ground power switch 120 to enable technicians to work on power source 120 in a safe manner.
Power distribution unit 130 may be electrically and/or physically coupled to ground switch 110. For example, LED indicators in or on power distribution unit 130 may be connected via wires 125 to sensors on or within ground switch apparatus 110. In some instances, one or more ground switch apparatus's may be implemented within power distribution unit 130. The operation of one or more ground switch apparatus's may be implemented by one or more lights, LEDs, or other indicators on power distribution unit 130, based on signals or other detectors within the one or more ground switches.
Ground switch 110, power source 120, and power distribution unit 130 may be implemented within a marine environment 135. The marine environment may include saltwater air, such as for example within a boat or submarine.
Table 1 includes a listing of several components included within a ground switch apparatus of the present technology. The parts listed in table 1 are illustrated in one of
Handwheel 1 is coupled to front plate 3 through screw bearing 32. Switches 12, 13 and 14 are coupled to front plate 3 using switch screws and washers 4-11. The switches may be snap acting switches or some other type of switch. A cam 26 may be coupled to handwheel 1 via axle 28. The cam may also be coupled to detent arm 16, which is connected to detent arm bearing 15.
Middle plates 21 is coupled to front plate 3 by standoff components 17-20 and standoff screws. Lead screw 33 is coupled to handwheel 1 through an aperture in middle plate 21, and couplings between axle 20, detent arm 16, and detent arm bearing 15. A spring 30, spring spools 29 and 35, and roller 26 are used to engage one or more indents on cam 27 to provide detent locks at various positions of rotation along axle 28.
A number of components that traverse along lead screw 33 form a grounding assembly (reference no. 140 in
The grounding assembly may travel along lead screw 33 via nut 56, which engages the threads of lead screw 33 to travel along lead screw 33 towards handwheel 1 or towards back plate 71, depending on the direction of rotation of the lead screw, as driven by a user that turns handwheel 1.
Back plate 78 is coupled to back plate shield 72, plate ground contact 73, female connectors 74-76, and female contact housing 80. The back plate 78 is coupled to middle plate 21 by long standoff members 52-55.
Various components of ground switch apparatus 200 of
Grounding assembly 140 may include portions of the ground switch apparatus that move along the threads of lead screw 33 as handwheel 1 is turned circumferentially. Some of the components of grounding assembly 140 include male contact plate 69, nut 56, nut ring 57, nut screws 58 and 59, open circuit position screw 101, male contact housing 70, and ground wire screw 96.
In some instances, when the front of the handwheel 1 is turned counter clockwise, it displaces the grounding assembly components towards the handwheel, disengaging male connector components 66-68 from female connector components 74-76, which results in an ungrounded connection to a power source coupled at female contact housing 80. The grounding assembly 140 may be displaced towards handwheel 1 along lead screw 33 until the outer surface of open circuit position screw 101 engages or touches the surface of middle plate 21. Once the screw 101 touches the surface of middle plate 21, the grounding apparatus cannot be moved any further. Additionally, a roller (not illustrated in
As a user turns handwheel 1, cam 27 is caused to rotate. As the cam rotates, indents on the surface of the cam eventually are aligned with roller 26. Spring 30 applies tension to detent arm 16, which is attached to roller 26. The spring applies pressure on roller 26 against the surface of cam 27. When an indent is aligned with roller 26, the roller engages the indent and is pulled into the indent by the tension applied by spring 32 to detent arm 16. When the roller 26 engages in indent within cam 27, a “locking” action occurs, placing the grounding assembly in one of several set positions, wherein each position is associated with a cam indent. In some instances, the cam indents are associated with a first location where a power source connected to the apparatus is grounded and a second location where power source connected to the apparatus is not grounded.
The cam may include additional indents other than the ground and ungrounded position indents. For example, the cam may include a third indent associated with an engineering test or diagnostic configuration. In this configuration, for example, a subset of male connectors may be engaged with a female connector.
In some instances, a greater or smaller range of motion may exist between locking positions A and B, such as for example 45, 90, 180 degrees, or some other range of motion. In some instances, more than two locking detent positions may be used. For example, there may be three indents along a cam, corresponding to a grounded position, open circuit or ungrounded position, and at least one engineering test or diagnostic position.
One of switches 12, 13, and 14 may be activated when cam switch tab 103 engages one of switch arms 88, 89 and 94, respectively. In particular, when tab 103 is aligned with a switch arm, the arm is displaced away from the center of the cam and the switch may be activated to provide a signal that the cam is in a particular position. For example, a lifting of a switch arm when the arm is aligned with a tab, or the lowering of a switch arm if the arm is aligned with a corresponding indent (not illustrated in
The foregoing detailed description of the technology herein has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the technology to the precise form disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The described embodiments were chosen to best explain the principles of the technology and its practical application to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the technology in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the technology be defined by the claims appended hereto.