Guide rails are used in elevator systems for guiding elevator cars along an elevator shaft.
In the case of long shaft lengths, guide rails are typically assembled from individual rail elements during installation.
In the case of elevator systems with linear motors, a large portion of the electrical and electronic equipment of an elevator system is housed in the space between elevator rail and shaft wall.
This compact design, however, has the drawback that the guide rail has to be dismounted from the shaft wall during maintenance work, repairs, or the need to replace the electrical and electronic equipment. Due to the modular design of a guide rail assembled from individual rail elements, in such a case it is often necessary to dismount only individual rail elements and not the entire guide rail. However, the rail elements have to be readjusted during every removal and reinstallation. This causes a substantial labor expense.
It is therefore desirable to be able to perform maintenance and repair work on the elevator electrical and electronic equipment without having to completely dismount the guide rail or individual rail elements of the guide rail and reinstall them again on the shaft wall.
The present invention solves this problem in that the guide rail or the individual rail elements are secured by fastening means to the shaft wall or several shaft walls, the fastening means being designed such that the guide rail or the individual rail elements are mounted in a movable manner in relation to the shaft wall or the shaft walls.
Preferably, the guide rail for an elevator system comprises at least one rail element and is fastened by at least one fastening means to at least one shaft wall of the elevator system, wherein the at least one rail element is mounted in a movable manner in relation to at least one shaft wall and the at least one rail element can be moved in relation to the at least one shaft wall such that the space between the at least one rail element and the shaft wall, said space being directed toward the rear side of the at least one rail element, is freed for inspection purposes.
From JP 1106-48672 A rail elements are known which can be rotated about their mounting, by which they are secured to a shaft wall, in order to thus switch between a vertical direction and a horizontal direction in the elevator shaft and to thereby change the direction of travel of an elevator car from the vertical to the horizontal direction and vice versa at the upper and lower end of the elevator shaft.
With the present invention, it becomes possible to free up for inspection purposes the entire space between the at least one rail element of the guide rail and the shaft wall, said space being directed toward the rear side of the at least one rail element, by moving the at least one rail element in relation to the at least one shaft wall, without having to completely dismount the guide rail or individual rail elements of the guide rail and reinstall them again on the shaft wall.
By using suitable fastening means, the at least one rail element can be mounted so that it can swivel, rotate, shift or travel on at least one fastening means in relation to the at least one shaft wall.
Thus, the at least one fastening means of the at least one rail element can have, for example, rails and the at least one rail element can be outfitted with rollers, by which the at least one rail element is mounted on the rails of the at least one fastening means in a displaceable manner in relation to the at least one shaft wall. On the latter, the at least one rail element can be shifted in relation to the shaft wall, toward which the rear side of the at least one rail element is facing.
A mounting of the rail element on rails, on which the at least one rail element can be shifted by means of rollers, has the advantage that the wear on the at least one fastening means is very slight during the movement of the at least one rail element in order to gain access to the electrical and electronic equipment situated behind it. In place of rollers, the at least one rail element can also however be outfitted with ball cups, in which balls are mounted. When using rollers, the at least one rail element can be moved in at most two spatial dimensions. Thanks to the use of balls, a further degree of freedom is produced, so that the at least one rail element can be moved in the elevator shaft in as many as three spatial dimensions. In this way, the at least one rail element can also travel, for example, on curved or angled rails in relation to the at least one shaft wall.
A further option is a configuration of the at least one fastening means having at least one hinge, by which the at least one rail element is mounted in aswivelable manner in relation to the at least one shaft wall. The at least one rail element can thus be provided on one side or many sides with a plurality of hinges.
In addition, the at least one fastening means of the at least one rail element has at least one interlock with which the at least one hinge can be connected to the at least one shaft wall and/or the at least one rail element or released from the at least one rail element and/or the at least one shaft wall.
In this way, the at least one rail element can have hinges on several sides, so that by inserting or removing the at least one interlock the at least one rail element can be individually swiveled in a desired direction by means of one or more hinges on one of the sides of the at least one rail element in relation to the at least one shaft wall.
The at least one hinge can thus form a structural unit with the at least one interlock.
The at least one interlock can be formed as a pin, for example, which joins together a hinge element at the rail-element side and a hinge element at the shaft-wall side. In this case, the at least one interlock fashioned as a pin also constitutes the axis of rotation about which the at least one rail element can be swiveled. By removing or inserting the pin, a hinge can be individually placed into or removed from operation. Thus, all the pins can be removed from the hinges which are not required for the desired swivel direction, leaving installed only the pins serving as the axis of rotation for the desired swivel direction.
After maintenance is completed, the at least one rail element can simply be swiveled back and anchored, by putting back the pins removed, in its designated position as part of the guide rail, with no extensive adjustment work, so that the at least one rail element does not veer out unintentionally from the guide rail structure.
However, the at least one interlock can also be arranged between a hinge element and the at least one rail element or a hinge element and the at least one shaft wall. The at least one interlock can also take the form of screws, with which the at least one hinge element is secured to the at least one shaft wall and/or at least one other rail element. The screws can be installed or removed according to whether or not the at least one rail element should be allowed to swivel with a particular hinge.
Another option would be to secure the hinges for example with magnets to the at least one rail element and/or the at least one shaft wall, so that the hinges not needed for the desired swivel direction can be removed from operation temporarily by loosening the magnets.
The mounting of the at least one rail element by at least one fastening means, having at least one hinge, which is secured in a fixed position to at least one shaft wall, has the advantage that the at least one rail element can easily be swung away from the at least one shaft wall for maintenance work and swung back into its designated position once more upon conclusion of the maintenance work, without having to readjust the at least one rail element in relation to its position in the elevator shaft.
In another embodiment option, the at least one rail element can be swiveled in relation to the at least one shaft wall by at least one fastening means, having at least one swivelable swivel arm provided with joints. In this case, a swivel arm can have as many hinge-like joints and/or ball joints as desired.
The use of swivel arms as part of the fastening means has the advantage that the at least one rail element can be moved by on them into any desired positions in the elevator shaft, only limited by the length and the mobility of the swivel arms, and the at least one rail element can be swiveled back into its designated position with no strenuous adjustment work.
The at least one fastening means on which the at least one rail element is mounted in a movable manner can also have at least one telescopically extendable structure.
By means of such a telescopic structure, the at least one rail element can either be moved orthogonally from the at least one shaft wall, to which the rear side of the at least one rail element is facing, into the elevator shaft, or be shifted in parallel with this shaft wall.
With such a structure, the at least one rail element can be shifted continuously in a plane so as to free up the space situated behind it. In the same way, the at least one rail element can be shifted back into its designated position in the elevator shaft once more.
However, the at least one rail element can also be secured by at least one fastening means to at least one shaft wall in such a way that the at least one rail element can be rotated about at least one axis. One variant constitutes a single anchoring point, arranged on the at least one rail element in a central area, about which the at least one rail element can be rotated. When using a ball joint at the anchoring point, the at least one rail element can not only be rotated parallel in relation to the at least one shaft wall, toward which the rear side of the at least one rail element is facing, but also still be tilted in relation to the at least one shaft wall.
In order to free up the entire space situated behind the at least one rail element, it is advantageous to configure the at least one fastening means of the at least one rail element such that the at least one rail element can not only undergo a rotating movement by the at least one fastening means, but can also shift, travel, or swivel.
For example, the at least one fastening means of the at least one rail element can have at least one telescopic structure, by which the at least one rail element can be shifted, the at least one telescopic structure having an anchoring point at its ends facing the at least one rail element, about which the at least one rail element can be rotated.
By combinations of different fastening means, the at least one rail element can be moved in any desired spatial directions in relation to the at least one shaft wall. Thus, for example, combinations are conceivable which allow the at least one rail element to be shifted in parallel with the at least one shaft wall, toward which the rear side of the at least one rail element is facing, and in addition it can be swiveled or rotated in relation to this by means of hinges.
In order to afford further options for an access to the space between the at least one rail element and the at least one shaft wall, toward which the rear side of the at least one rail element is facing, the at least one rail element can be divided at least once into segments in the vertical direction, while at least one segment of the at least one rail element divided in the vertical direction is mounted in a movable manner in relation to the at least one shaft wall. This means that each segment of the at least one rail element divided once in the vertical direction has at least one fastening means, by which the at least one segment is mounted in a movable manner in relation to the at least one shaft wall, or, however, the only one subset of the segments of the at least one rail element divided in the vertical direction is mounted in a movable manner, while other segments of the same rail element are in rigid connection with the at least one shaft wall.
In order to replace the at least one rail element, which was moved out from its guide rail position for maintenance or repair work purposes, back into its exact designated position, the at least one shaft wall, toward which the rear side of the at least one rail element is facing, can have at least one anchoring point. The at least one movably mounted rail element can be anchored in a fixed position by means of at least one interlock at the at least one anchoring point. The at least one interlock can be, for example, a hook, a screw, a pin, or a magnetic holder. The anchoring of the at least one movably mounted rail element can prevent the latter from unintentionally moving out from its guide rail position. Likewise, the at least one rail element can be anchored to at least one further rail element in the vertical direction. In this case, the at least one rail element is connected to the shaft bottom and/or the shaft ceiling and/or to at least one other rail element by anchoring points.
In addition, the shaft wall, toward which the rear side of the at least one movably mounted rail element is facing, can have markings which facilitate the exact positioning of the at least one rail element.
The following description of one advantageous embodiment of the invention serves for a more detailed explanation, in conjunction with the drawing. There are shown, specifically:
The sample embodiment represented in
In the example shown, the rail element 1 is divided at the middle in the vertical direction into two segments 5. As a result, each of the two segments 5 is fastened at one end by two fastening means 2 outfitted with hinges 3 to the shaft wall 4. Thus, the segments 5 of the rail element 1 form a kind of hinged door and can be swiveled away separately from the shaft wall 4.
The interlocks 6, by which the rollers 7 are secured on the rail element 1, can be individually removed or put back. By removing the interlocks 6 connecting the right-(left-)side rollers 7 to the rail element 1, the rail element 1 can be swiveled when using suitable interlocks 6, such as, for example, pins. The interlocks 6 of the left-(right-)side rollers 7 of the rail element 1 here form the axis of rotation about which the rail element 1 can be swiveled.
The sample embodiments represented in
The telescopic structures 12 are secured each time on the rail element 1 and on the shaft wall 4 by detachable interlocks 6. The embodiment shown in
Accordingly, it would likewise be conceivable for the rail element 1 shown in
The sample embodiment shown in
Instead of being fastened to the rear shaft wall 4 from the rail element, the fastening means 2 having swivel arms 13 can also be fastened, analogously to the sample embodiment of
By using releasable interlocks 6 at the shaft-side and/or the rail element-side ends of the fastening means 2, the rail element 1 can be swiveled even further, analogously to the sample embodiment shown in
When the rail element 1 is divided in the vertical direction, the individual segments 5 of the rail element 1 can be moved separately.
In
Accordingly, by extending the telescopic structures 12, the rail element 1 can at first be moved into the interior of the shaft and then be rotated about the axis of rotation formed by the connection elements 14. In this way, a better access is afforded to the space between the rail element 1 and the shaft wall 4, toward which the rear side of the rail element 1 is facing, when the rail element 1 is in its fixed position as part of the guide rail.
With fastening means 2 designed in this manner, each segment 5 of the rail element 1 can be pushed separately into the interior of the shaft by the telescopic structures 12 and then be rotated about the axis of rotation formed by the connection elements 14.
In addition, the fastening means 2 in the sample embodiments of
In the sample embodiments represented in
1 Rail element
2 Fastening means
3 Hinge
4 Shaft wall
5 Segment of a rail element
6 Interlock
7 Rollers
8 Rail
9 Balls
10 Ball cup
11 Joints
12 Telescopic structure
13 Swivel arm
14 Connection element
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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10 2015 217 262.7 | Sep 2015 | DE | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/EP2016/070435 | 8/31/2016 | WO | 00 |