Patent Grant
6955296
The invention relates generally to gunfire systems, and more particularly to gunfire control systems.
Gun control systems are used to control the guns, or weapons, within vehicles, such as within ships. Traditionally, gun systems are designed so that the gunfire control systems are tightly coupled to the interfaces to the hardware of the system. Changing the physical configuration of a ship, such as replacing gun mounts, adding or changing sensors, or inserting other enhancements, is thus not an easy enhancement. The software design of the gun control system usually has to be changed as well, even though gunfire control has basic, well-understood processing requirements that are typically common to all current gun systems.
Therefore, gun system reconfiguration can be difficult to accomplish. Software engineers may have to be called in to redevelop aspects of the gun control system, to take into account the changes that have been made to the physical configuration of the gun system. Reconfiguring these systems in a cost-effective and time-efficient manner may be difficult to accomplish, involving significant time and effort. For these and other reasons, there is a need for the present invention.
A gun control system of the invention includes a fire control kernel and location-independent software components within the fire control kernel. The kernel provides core fire control functionality that is unaffected by changes within the external environment, such as changes to the physical configuration of the gun system of which the gun control system is a part. Each location-independent software component has a specific functionality, and is able to run on any processor within the system in a location-independent manner. That is, the location of the component within the system does not affect its execution, such that it runs in a location-independent manner. Examples of such software components include a target/track management interface software component, a gun control system control interface software component, a gun mount control interface software component, an ownship data interface software component, and a gun control system display interface software component.
The fire control kernel thus isolates the basic, core fire control functions. The core system functionality is unaffected by changes in the external environment in which the fire control kernel is housed. The basic fire control kernel does not have to be modified to accommodate changes in the ship class or the external systems connected to the gun control systems, such as sensors, command and control systems, and so on. Each of the location-independent software components can run on any processor within the gun control system without modification or reconfiguration. In this way, the core components are standalone objects that perform the necessary processing and computation, and output the appropriate results, regardless of where they are physically located within the gun control system.
The gun control system of the invention is flexible and adaptable to the specific external environment of its host gun system, or host gun platform. The gun control system provides for generic core fire control functions that are independent of the particular interfaces provided in a given gun system implementation. All component parts of the basic fire control problem domain are encompassed by the fire control system. These include core processing encapsulated in common operator controls, track filtering, ballistics, as well as gun order generation. The common kernel of fire control processing is independent of the specific sensors, gun mounts, stabilization elements, and other equipment of the overall gun system. Individual ship-specific, hardware-specific fire control components can be constructed as needed, and linked with the fire control kernel to provide a usable system.
Still other advantages, aspects, and embodiments of the invention will become apparent by reading the detailed description that follows, and by referring to the accompanying drawings.
The drawings referenced herein form a part of the specification. Features shown in the drawing are meant as illustrative of only some embodiments of the invention, and not of all embodiments of the invention, unless otherwise explicitly indicated, and implications to the contrary are otherwise not to be made.
In the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific exemplary embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. Other embodiments may be utilized, and logical, mechanical, and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. For example, whereas the invention is substantially described in relation to a ship, it is applicable to other types of vehicles as well. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined only by the appended claims.
The fire control kernel 102 provides a general-purpose interface to the gun control system 100 in broad functional areas as is described later in the detailed description. The fire control kernel communicates with the infrastructure software components. The infrastructure software components specifically support the fire control kernel, so that the fire control kernel is able to operate independently of the gun system hardware within which it is deployed. That is, the infrastructure software components translate interface-specific data messages to the format and content required by the kernel 102. These external interface functions also generate any required external output messages, by accessing data via the fire control kernel 102. The gun control system 100 configures itself upon initialization so that it provides the specific external interface functionality, via the infrastructure software components, required for the hardware platform on which it resides.
For instance, the sensor interfaces 104 interface the fire control kernel 102 to specific hardware sensors of the gun system of which the gun control system 100 is a part. The sensor interfaces 104 also interface with the clock interfaces 106. The clock interfaces 106 interface the fire control kernel 102 to specific hardware clocks of the gun system, and also interface with the ownship data interfaces 108 and the combat system interfaces 116. The ownship data interfaces 108 interface the fire control kernel 102 to ownship data stores that may be present within the gun system of which the gun control system 100 is a part. The ownship data interfaces 108 also interface with the gun mount interfaces 110.
Furthermore, the gun mount interfaces 110 interface the fire control kernel 102 to gun mount hardware of the gun system. Similarly, the velocimeter interfaces 112 interface the fire control kernel 102 to velocimeter hardware of the gun system, and the operator interfaces 114 interface the fire control kernel 102 to operator user interface hardware of the gun system. The operator interfaces 114 also interface with the combat system interfaces 116. The combat system interfaces 116 interface the fire control kernel 102 to other hardware of the gun system of which the gun control system 100 is a part, as well as other combat systems that may communicate with the gun system.
The gun control system interface 202 interfaces with the gun mount control interface 204, the target/track interface 206, the ownship data interface 210, the gun control system display interface 210, and also interfaces externally to the fire control kernel 102. The gun mount control interface also interfaces with the target/track interface 206, and interfaces externally to the fire control kernel 102. Each of the target/track interface 206, the ownship data interface 208, and the gun control system display interface further interfaces externally to the fire control kernel 102.
The gun control system control interface 202 provides for control of the kernel processing by both the gun control operator and external digital control sources. It accepts input of engagement controls, system doctrine, and gun control operator input controls and data values. It provides as output the engagement status, engagement order responses, overall system status, and controls of peripheral equipment within the gun control system 100.
Therefore, the gun control system control interface 202 provides overall control of all gun control system processing. In general, the control originates from both the gun system of which the gun control system 100 is a part, and the gun control operators. The interface 202 is responsible for accepting and acting on control data from all such sources. It provides control data to other gun control system processes. The gun control system interface 202 has three primary processing tasks: process operator controls, manage engagement and status, and determine average velocimeter initial velocity.
The gun mount control interface 204 provides access to the fire control kernel 102 for controlling the particular gun mount in used by the gun system of which the gun control system 100 is a part. It accepts as input gun position and status information, gun firing status information, and gun ammunition inventory information. It provides deck-referenced gun orders and rates, gun mount control commands, fire order control commands, and ammunition control and selection orders.
Therefore, the gun mount control interface 204 provides ballistics and gun orders processing. Such processing includes the solving of ballistics issues, the generation of gun orders, and the control of ballistics data. The solution of ballistics issues includes determining solutions for both conventional and guided rounds. The generation of gun orders converts the current ballistic solution and control data to data required to point and control a gun mount. The control of ballistics data establishes a control and sequencing environment of modes in which ballistic solutions and gun orders are computed.
The target/track interface 206 provides access to the fire control kernel 102 for all target-related and track-related data. It accepts input of both two-dimensional and three-dimensional sensor track data, indirect target data entered manually or via digital interfaces, sensor status information, and target number selection and reassignment information. It provides as output sensor designations, track data requests, and smoothed target state data.
Therefore, the target/track interface 206 manages sensors to process designations to the sensor, validate their data, and manage tracking of projectiles. The targets include those tracked by sensors, as well as manual targets and test and training targets. The targets are maintained in track data files that include estimated target state, sensors tracking the target, models used to estimate the target state, and an indication of estimated state quality. Thus, the target/track interface manages sensors, maintains target data, and supports navigation and ballistic requirements to engage shore and surface targets that cannot be directly tracked with sensors.
The ownship data interface 208 provides access into the fire control kernel 102 for all ownship state and attitude data needed for general fire control processing. It accepts as input ownship attitude information such as roll, pitch, heading, and rates, as well as ownship speed and course, ownship location in terms of latitude and land longitude, and environmental inputs. The ownship data interface 208 extrapolates these ownship parameters in time to provide ownship data valid at the same time as gun orders are computed to be valid.
The gun control system display interface 210 provides access into the fire control kernel 102 for extracting display data for the particular gun console in used by the gun control system 100. It accepts as input the console assignments for multiple-console configurations. It provides as output all the data needed to generate standard fire control displays. The gun control system display interface 210 preferably hides knowledge of the specific display device from other software components within the fire control kernel 102.
The optical sight systems 302 are those systems that enable the gun system 300 to optically view targets, whereas the sensor 304 detect the targets, as well as provide other sensing data. The velocimeters 306 are devices that measure the speed of the targets within water, and the gun mounts 308 are the mounts on which the guns, or weapons, are mounted, and from which they can be fired. The clocks 310 provide various timing information. The gyro data converters 312 convert data from gyrocompasses for use by the gun control system 100. A gyrocompass is a compass with a motorized gyroscope whose angular momentum interacts with the force produced by the earth's rotation to maintain a north-south orientation of the gyroscopic spin axis, thus providing a stable directional reference.
The data stores 314 are various storage devices, such as hard disk drives and other types of storage devices, which store data for use by the gun control system 100. The gun mount control panels 316 are the control panels by which operators can control the gun mounts 308. The command and decision hardware 318 includes the hardware, such as computing devices and other types of devices, by which operators input commands and decisions into the gun control system 100, and which receive commands and decisions made by the gun control system 100. The gun control system 100 may interface with other hardware 320 as well.
It is noted that, although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that any arrangement is calculated to achieve the same purpose may be substituted for the specific embodiments shown. For example, other applications and uses of embodiments of the invention, besides those described herein, are amenable to at least some embodiments. This application is intended to cover any adaptations or variations of the present invention. Therefore, it is manifestly intended that this invention be limited only by the claims and equivalents thereof.
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