Patent Application
20240133204
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to European patent application EP 22203126.2 filed Oct. 21, 2022, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
The subject of the invention is a guy plate for introducing primarily tensile forces, but also compressive forces, into the substrate according to the preamble of the main claim. For example, the end of a tension strut is attached to such a guy plate, with which masts, antennas, guy ropes, and the like, but also inclined pillars or masts, can be guyed.
The guy plate essentially consists of a base plate, which is placed on the substrate (e.g. soil, rock, ice, etc.) and threaded rods to be driven through the base plate, which can be inserted in different directions and angles through assigned threaded holes in the base plate, in order to be anchored into the ground or in the rock at different angles and directions. They serve to improve the load-bearing capacity of the anchoring in the substrate.
EP 2 689 071 B2 discloses a guy plate, which can be used in order to introduce tensile forces into the substrate, by means of a base plate anchored on the bottom, which has a number of threads arranged in a planar manner with different inclinations, through which the threaded rods can be screwed in.
The disadvantage of this known guy plate is that only a certain number of threaded rods can be accommodated per base plate, and the possibility of introducing force into the substrate is therefore limited. For larger construction projects, more than one of the known guy plates is required in order to ensure the necessary anchoring.
The invention therefore addresses the problem of further developing a guy plate in such a way that, taking into account a flexible surface design, a product that is both easy to construct and easy to mount is made available, with which primarily the tensile forces that occur can be introduced into the substrate.
This problem is solved according to the invention by the features of the independent patent claim, while advantageous refinements and developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.
One advantageous feature is that the base plate of the guy plate consists of a bend profile that is bent parallel to its longitudinal extension and is deflected upwards at an angle out of the surface of the base plate.
A bent bend profile means, for example, a simply curved profile or an L-profile, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Preferably, it is a bend profile that is bent several times parallel to its longitudinal extension.
This means that the pull-out strength is increased by tips of the threaded rods that penetrate the ground far away from the guy plate. The effective region of the guy plate is significantly improved compared to flat designs. This means that a greater number of linear meters of threaded rods can be inserted in the direction of effect than with the known flat designs.
Compared to known systems, a higher load-bearing capacity can be achieved with the same amount of material (e.g., installed linear meters). The higher load-bearing capacity, the reduced mounting time, and the lower logistics effort therefore represent an increase in performance.
Depending on the application, the base plate is made of steel, iron, cast iron, aluminum, or fiberglass. The base plate can, for example, have a length of approximately 83 cm and a width of approximately 42 cm and a height (without the guy web) of approximately 8 cm, wherein the present invention is not limited thereto.
The base plate is the main component of the guy plate, which also includes at least the threaded rods, the guy web, and other small parts. In the following, the terms base plate and guy plate are used synonymously, unless further information is provided.
The base plate preferably has an approximately rectangular outline and comprises at least two planes that are angled in relation to the vertical and are connected to one another via at least one bend edge. The threads for screwing the threaded rods are located in the planes. In an alternative embodiment, the base plate has an arrow shape.
The bends of the plate and the planes available therewith, which in the preferred embodiment accommodate two rows but also one, three, or more rows of threaded sockets, enable the individual threaded sockets to be aligned at different angles in relation to the normal of the plate. This orientation of the threaded sockets can therefore be chosen to be optimized for the forces acting thereon.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the threaded sockets can also be distributed and not arranged in a row in the planes.
In case of higher loads, a plurality of guy plates can be connected to a truss, and thus higher forces can be introduced into the substrate.
In the following, the term plate normal refers to a straight line that stands orthogonal (i.e. right-angled, vertical) on the surface of the plate at a certain point. Because the plate is partially curved, this surface refers to the parts that are not curved and are flat, i.e., aligned parallel to the substrate.
To better explain the invention, the planes in which the threaded sockets are located each have a normal that stands perpendicular on the plane. The normals are referred to below as surface normals.
In the preferred embodiment, the rear surface normal of the plane has an angle of 30°, and the front surface normal of the plane has an angle of 45° in relation to the plate normal. However, in further embodiments, these angles can have a different value, such as 35° and 47°.
Within such an orientation to the vertical or within such a plane formed by this orientation, the individual threaded sockets are once again fanned out in their angular orientation in the horizontal. This fanning out means that, although the center lines of the threaded socket have an angle of, for example, 30° or 45° compared to the plate normal, within this 30° or 45° plane, the threaded sockets have an additional angle in relation to the surface normal which is perpendicular to the plane.
For example, the center lines of the threaded sockets have an angle between −5° and 20°. The following uniformly used term “center line” refers to the axis of symmetry shown in a technical drawing of components that are symmetrical in plane or in space. Because the threaded socket is a rotationally symmetrical component, the center line is simultaneously the axis of rotation.
The threads extend within threaded sockets, which are positioned in recesses in the planes of the base plate at defined angles in relation to their center line. The threaded sockets are welded or shrunk or glued to the base plate.
The individual threaded rods are driven through the threaded sockets into the substrate at defined angles due to the different angular orientations of the threaded sockets.
As explained above, the threaded sockets are aligned at an angle to the surface normal of a plane. For example, the center line alignment is an angle between 0° and 45° in relation to the plate normal and an additional angle between −5° and 20° to the surface normal of a plane.
For the sake of simplicity, the absolute values of the angles are given below.
By driving the threaded rods at certain angles horizontally and vertically using the guy plate, a three-dimensional anchoring is technically achieved, so that the tensile force, compressive force, and transverse force of the guy plate are significantly increased.
A guy web is arranged in the center of the base plate, which is designed as a hanging tab/socket for mounting a guy element or as a support for mounting a pillar.
The guy web comprises a mounting aperture, which is designed either as a hanging tab/sleeve for mounting a guy element (rope/rod) or as a support with a bolt/ball for mounting a pillar. Ideally, the resulting force is in a line of action with the resulting resistance, e.g., for a guy element in the overhead line with a bracing angle of 30°.
There are square positioning apertures in the base plate, into which a mounting fastener engages at the start of mounting of the device on the substrate and can later be removed as soon as the first threaded rods have been inserted into the substrate.
The threaded rod is driven in with a screwing machine, which is described by way of example as follows:
A certain type of mounting machine is used in order to assemble the threaded rods in the base plate. Such a known mounting machine consists of a drive motor which rotates a drill chuck designed as a clamping chuck. For anchoring with such a mounting machine, the threaded rod is clamped with its rear end in the drill chuck or clamping chuck, and then the threaded rod is placed with its front end onto the thread of the threaded socket, and the drilling machine is then switched on. Due to the rotating drive of the threaded rod, it is progressively driven into the ground or the rock below the guy plate, because the thread pitches arranged on its circumference pull the threaded rod into the ground. The threaded rods are screwed in automatically, so to speak, because the advancement of the threaded rods is caused by the thread of the threaded rods engaging in the threaded holes on the base plate.
The threaded rod can be inserted via an insertion aperture arranged on the mounting head into a drive sleeve, which is rotatably driven in the mounting head and which in turn drives the threaded rod in a rotational manner in the longitudinal direction.
For this purpose, it is known to equip the threaded rods with flat sections on opposite sides, so that the thread pitches are only arranged outside of these flat sections on the outer circumference of the threaded rod. The standard size of the threaded rods used is a length of 2-4 m, wherein the present invention is not limited thereto.
In this way, it is possible to insert the threaded rod into the rotationally driven drive sleeve, which is profiled to match the profile of the threaded rod described above, and to establish the frictional connection there with the flat sides of the threaded rod, after which the drive sleeve is then driven in a rotational manner, and the threaded rod is screwed downwards from above through the insertion aperture arranged in the mounting head, through the threaded hole in the base plate, and is driven into the soil or rock with its front tip. However, the threaded rod is advanced by engaging the threaded rod into the threaded hole on the base plate. It is not necessary to apply a manual force to the mounting machine in order to advance the threaded rod.
The advantages of the guy plate according to the invention are:
It is therefore a guy plate with fixed threaded sockets, which are preferably welded in, but also shrunk, glued, etc. The guy plate is characterized in particular by its bends, which on the one hand serve to increase rigidity and on the other hand provide the possibility of adaptation in relation to the acting forces. This makes it possible to drive the individual threaded rods into the substrate at defined angles due to the different angular orientations of the threaded sockets.
The subject-matter of the present invention arises not only from the subject-matter of the individual patent claims, but also from a combination of the individual claims with one another.
All information and features disclosed in the documents, including the summary, in particular the spatial configuration shown in the drawings, could be claimed as essential to the invention to the extent that they are novel, individually or in combination, compared to the prior art. The use of the terms “essential” or “according to the invention” or “essential to the invention” is subjective and does not imply that the features so named must necessarily be part of one or more claims.
The invention is explained in greater detail below with reference to drawings showing several embodiments. The drawings and their description show further features and advantages of the invention that are essential to the invention.
The following are shown:
Starting from the bend edge 5, the base plate 3 is bent upwards again and thus forms the plane 7 into which a plurality of recesses 18 are introduced. The threaded sockets 19 are fitted into these recesses 18 in a later mounting step. For this purpose, the recesses 18 in the example shown have a hexagonal shape into which the corresponding and similarly hexagonal outer profile 21 of the threaded sockets 19 can be fitted.
The plane 7 transitions into the bend edge 8, which in turn transitions into the intermediate face 9, which extends approximately parallel to the substrate 2. In the example shown, the intermediate face 9 has two positioning apertures 23 into which a holding device, not shown, can engage when the guy plate 1 is mounted on the substrate 2. During the transitional time until the first threaded rods 39 have been driven into the substrate 2, the guy plate 1 can be fixed in the desired position.
The intermediate face 9 transitions over the bend edge 10 into the intermediate face 11, which is aligned approximately in the direction of the subsurface 2. Over the bend edge 12, the intermediate plane 11 transitions into the contact face 13, which lies flat on the substrate 2 when the guy plate 1 is mounted, or if a flat surface is desired. Thus, the guy plate 1 rests on the substrate 2 with the contact edge 6 and the contact face 13.
In the example shown here, the contact plane 13, which extends approximately parallel to the substrate 2, also has two positioning apertures 23, into which a holding device can engage when the first threaded rods 39 begin to be screwed in, in order to temporarily fix the guy plate. Once a sufficient number of threaded rods 39 have been screwed in, the holding device can be removed.
The contact face 13 transitions over the bend edge 14 into the plane 15, which is bent upwards. A plurality of recesses 18 are arranged in the plane 15, which are also hexagonal in the example shown here.
The plane 15 transitions over the bend edge 16 into the end face 17, which has a handle 22 approximately in the center. The base plate 3 can be moved manually using this handle 22.
The base plate 3 thus consists of a bend profile that is repeatedly bent parallel to its longitudinal extension and is deflected upwards at an angle out of the plane of the base plate. This is due to the plurality of bend edges 5, 8, 10, 14, and 16 which are arranged between the planes 7, 15 and intermediate faces 9, 11 as well as end faces 4, 17.
A guy web 24 stands vertically in the center of the base plate. The guy web 24 has a mounting aperture 25 into which a guy element 41 can be hung. In the example shown, the mounting aperture is located in the region of plane 7, bend edge 8, and intermediate face 9. Above the bend edge 9, the guy web 24 has a borehole 26, into which guy elements or other elements can also be hung.
The guy web 24 extends, starting from the intermediate plane 9, towards the contact face 13 and planes 15 with a buckle face 27. The buckle face 27 is not higher than the distance of the bend edge 16 from the substrate and ends in plane 15 shortly before the start of the bend edge 16. The buckle face 22, which continues from a buckling located in the region of the bend edge 10 out of the surface of the guy element 24, serves to introduce and distribute the tensile forces onto the base plate 3.
In
For better understanding, the surface normal has been drawn in the center of each recess 18 in which there is a threaded socket 19. Depending on the alignment of the threaded socket 19 on or in the planes 7, 15 of the base plate 3, the center line 42, 43 of the threaded socket 19 is congruent with the surface normal 28, 29 or forms an angle α between itself and the surface normal.
In
The center line of the threaded socket 19 next to it on the right has an angle of 30 to surface normal 29. In the example shown here, this angle 30 is 5° and is situated to the left of the normal 29.
The center line 42 of the center threaded socket 19 of the row of five is aligned in the same manner as the surface normal 29.
The center line 42 of the threaded socket 19 next to it on the right has an angle 31 to the surface normal 29. In the example shown here, this angle 31 is 10° and is situated to the right of the normal 29.
The center line 42 of the right outer threaded socket 19 has an angle 33 to the surface normal 29. In the example shown here, this angle is 20° and is situated to the right of the normal 29.
For this purpose, the alignment of the threaded sockets 19 next to the guy web 24 on the left is a mirror image.
In the row of four below the right row of five in
The center line 43 of the leftmost threaded socket 19 has an angle 31 to the surface normal 28. In the example shown here, this angle 31 is 10° and is situated to the left of the normal 28.
The center line 43 of the threaded socket 19 next to it on the right is aligned in the same manner as the surface normal 28 and is therefore 0°.
The center line 43 of the threaded socket 19 next to it on the right has an angle 31 to the surface normal 28. In the example shown here, this angle 31 is 10° and is situated to the right of the normal 28.
The center line 43 of the right outer threaded socket 19 has an angle 32 to the surface normal 28. In the example shown here, this angle is 15° and is situated to the right of the surface normal 28.
In
Compared to this plate normal 44, the surface normals have an angle β, which is indicated with the reference number 34 in relation to the surface normal 28 and with the reference number 35 in relation to the surface normal 29. In the example shown here, the angle 34 is 30° and the angle 35 is 45°.
Each center line 42, 43 of a threaded socket 19 thus describes a straight line in a three-dimensional coordinate system, the origin of which lies in the respective center point of a recess 18 and extends through an x, y, z point in the coordinate system. This straight line has the angle α in relation to the x-axis and the angle β in relation to the z-axis, wherein it is assumed that the z-axis points into the substrate, the x-axis extends along the width of the base plate 3, and the y-axis extends along the longitudinal extension of the base plate. For the sake of simplicity, negative angles are not shown, and only the absolute values of the angles are given.
The surface normal 28 stands orthogonal on the plane 7, and the surface normal 29 stands orthogonal on the plane 15.
In addition,
Alternatively, and not shown, the outer profile 21 can also extend over the entire length of the threaded socket 19. The outer profile corresponds to the inner profile of the recess 18, into which the threaded socket can be inserted and fixed in the base plate 3.
The planes 37, 38 are arranged obliquely in relation to the substrate, so that their surface normals have an angle in relation to the substrate. Compared to these surface normals, the center lines of the threaded sockets or the screwed-in threaded rods are also aligned at a defined angle. This makes it possible to fan out the tips of the threaded rods as much as possible, thereby achieving an optimal anchoring of the guy plate.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22203126.2 | Oct 2022 | EP | regional |
