GYRATORY CONE CRUSHER WITH SKEWED NON-CO-PLANAR CONEHEAD AND MAIN CRUSHER CENTERLINES

Abstract

A gyratory cone crusher with a conehead centerline and a main centerline being skewed and non-coplanar with respect to each other. The conehead exhibits an elliptical movement path which results in faster throughput and enhanced cubicity performance.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to gyratory cone-style crushers.

Gyratory cone-style crushers typically have a crusher conehead which has a generally cone-shaped outer surface which is mounted to undergo gyratory motion. The conehead is generally centered about a conehead centerline axis that is angularly offset from a vertical axis generally centered through the crusher.

Gyratory crushers also typically have a bowl-shaped member or concave or bonnet disposed in an inverted stationary position generally over the conehead and centered about the vertical main centerline crusher axis.

The conehead centerline is defined by an eccentric which is driven about the main centerline.

In U.S. Pat. No. 5,996,916 to Musil, the eccentric defines a conehead centerline which is co-planar, but not parallel, with the main centerline.

While the various prior art gyratory cone-style crushers have been used extensively for many years, they do have some drawbacks. One problem with prior art cone-style crushers is that processing material through the crusher can be time consuming and obtaining a desired cubicity often involves undesirable tradeoffs.

Consequently, there exists a need for improved methods and systems for quickly crushing rock with a desired cubicity characteristic.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a system and method for crushing rock in an efficient manner.

It is a feature of the present invention to utilize a cone-style crusher with a cone centerline axis and a main crusher centerline axis being skewed and non-co-planar.

It is an advantage of the present invention to increase the material throughput rate in a cone-style crusher.

It is another advantage to provide for increased cubicity performance and ease of and range of control of cubicity in material output from a cone-style crusher.

The present invention is an apparatus and method for crushing rock which is designed to satisfy the aforementioned needs, provide the previously stated objects, include the above-listed features, and achieve the already articulated advantages.

Accordingly, the present invention is a system and method where the conehead centerline and the main crusher centerline are skewed and non-coplanar.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention may be more fully understood by reading the following description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, in conjunction with the appended drawings wherein:

FIG. 1 is view of a system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view of the system of FIG. 1 taken at a 90-degree angle from FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a view of a conehead of the present invention where each of the series of open circles shows an elliptical path of a point (solid circles or dots) on the surface of the conehead when the system is operated.

FIG. 4 is a view of a prior art conehead with the closed side nearest the viewer.

FIG. 5 is a view of the present invention with closed side nearest the viewer.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Now referring to the drawings wherein like numerals refer to like matter throughout, and more specifically referring to FIG. 1, there is shown a side elevation view of a system of the present invention. The axes z and x are labeled. The conehead 1 is shown disposed with a conehead centerline 2 and under a bowl 3 so as to be closer to the right side of the bowl 3. Conehead 1 rotates freely about the conehead centerline 2. In such a configuration, the crushing chamber 6 is smaller, at this instant, on the right than it is on the left. Main centerline 4 is shown centrally disposed in the bowl 3. The eccentric 5 defines the conehead centerline 2 and is shown supporting the conehead 1. When the eccentric 5 is driven around the main centerline 4, the novel operation of the present invention occurs. The conehead 1 wobbles within the bowl 3. The nature of this wobble is significant.

In FIG. 2, the system is shown from an angle 90 degrees off FIG. 1.

A key aspect of the present invention is that the conehead centerline 2 and the main centerline 4 are skewed with respect to each other and are not co-planar; i.e. conehead centerline 2 and main centerline 4 are not parallel, and they are not intersecting. The amount conehead centerline 2 is skewed from main centerline 4 is a matter of design choice; however, it must be a substantial amount to produce the desired effects. A minimum separation between conehead centerline 2 and main centerline 4 of about ¼ of an inch is expected to yield the desired results. A minimum separation of about 1/32^nd of an inch or smaller is believed to be too small to provide significant benefits. Consequently, prior art systems which were designed for no skewing of the conehead centerline 2 and the main centerline 4 would with manufacturing tolerances expect to be within 1/32^nd of an inch.

Now referring to FIG. 3, there is shown the conehead 1 of FIG. 1, together with three series of dots, 32, 34 and 36. As the eccentric 5 is driven one complete revolution about the main centerline 4, each series of dots represents a path of a particular point on the conehead 1, and each dot represents a position in time of that specific point, which is shown by a solid dot on the surface of conehead 1. Because of the skewed and non-coplanar relationship between the conehead centerline 2 and the main centerline 4, the paths are elliptical in shape. Prior art coneheads would typically follow a linear path as the eccentric revolves. The series 34 is shown having a high path portion 33 which is above the low path portion 35.

The point 340 may first move toward the bowl 3 either upward along high path portion 33 or, if the eccentric 5 is revolved in the opposite direction, along the low path portion 35. If the conehead 1 first approaches the closed side setting or closest point to the bowl 3 along the high path portion 33, then there will be a downward component of the force when the conehead 1 reaches the closed point. This downward force can help to propel the material through the crusher and thereby speed up material throughput. If the eccentric 5 revolves around the main centerline 4 in an opposite direction, then the point 340 will first approach the bowl 3 along low path portion 35. At the closest point to the bowl 3, point 340 will then have an upward movement which can impart a retarding force upward. Additionally, in either direction of rotation of eccentric 5, there is movement vector component at least in part parallel to the surface of bowl 3. This component of the movement vector results in material having a higher cubicity as opposed to coneheads which merely follow a linear path to and from the closest point.

Now referring to FIG. 4, there is shown a prior art coplanar main centerline and conehead line. The conehead 40 in FIG. 4 is shown with the closed side nearest the viewer. The centerline in FIG. 4 is the main centerline. The closed side of the crushing chamber is also coplanar to the main centerline.

Now referring to FIG. 5, there is shown a conehead 50 with a skewed main centerline and conehead centerline. The conehead 50 is also shown with the closed side nearest the viewer. The centerline shown in FIG. 5 is the main centerline. The closed side of the crushing chamber will, because of the skew, be non-coplanar with the main centerline. Because of the skew, the speed at which material passes through the crusher and the number of times the material is subjected to closed side crushing will be different, depending upon the amount of the skew between the conehead centerline 2 and the main centerline 4.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the eccentric 5 could be one of several different eccentrics where each is interchangeable, but having a different orientation or amount of skew (i.e. minimum separation distance between conehead centerline 2 and main centerline 4). The different eccentrics and the conehead 1 and the drive systems could all be designed to provide for rapid extraction and insertion of different eccentrics.

Throughout this description, rock is referred to as the material being crushed. It is well understood that other materials, such as concrete, may be crushed in a cone-style crusher.

Throughout this description, details of how a cone-style crusher works have been omitted because they are well known in the art. U.S. Pat. No. 5,996,916 to Musil could be, with the benefit of the teachings of this innovation, readily adapted to carry out the present invention by creating an eccentric which results in the skewed and non-coplanar relationships which are key to the present invention. Additionally, such patent could be adapted to have an interchangeable eccentric so as to provide for flexibility in performance without undue investment in hardware and time to make changes.

It is thought that the method and apparatus of the present invention will be understood from the foregoing description and that it will be apparent that various changes may be made in the form, construct steps, and arrangement of the parts and steps thereof, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention or sacrificing all of their material advantages. The form herein described is merely a preferred exemplary embodiment thereof.

Claims

1. A gyratory cone crusher comprising: a bowl having a main centerline;a conehead generally disposed inside of said bowl, said conehead being configured to rotate around a conehead centerline,an eccentric configured to revolve around the main centerline, the eccentric further structurally configured to define an orientation of the conehead centerline as the eccentric revolves around the main centerlinethe main centerline and the conehead centerline being non-coplanar;a drive system configured to rotate the conehead about the conehead centerline and simultaneously drive the eccentric around the main centerline such that such conehead is caused to move alternately from a closed side to an open side and thereby crush material passing between the moving conehead and the bowl at the closed side.

2. The gyratory cone crusher of claim 1 wherein the conehead follows an elliptical path as the eccentric revolves around the main centerline.

3. The gyratory cone crusher of claim 2 wherein the elliptical path has a variable vertical component so that the conehead is moving first in an upwardly direction when beginning an approach to the closed side and subsequently in a downwardly direction when finishing an approach to the closed side, thereby imparting a downward force on material passing through the closed side.

4. The gyratory cone crusher of claim 2 wherein the elliptical path has a variable vertical component so that the conehead is moving first in a downwardly direction when beginning an approach to the closed side and subsequently in an upwardly direction when finishing an approach to the closed side, thereby imparting an upward force on material passing through the closed side.

5. The gyratory cone crusher of claim 1 wherein a minimum separation distance between the conehead centerline and the main centerline is ¼ of an inch.

6. The gyratory cone crusher of claim 5 wherein the minimum separation distance is ½ inch.

7. The gyratory cone crusher of claim 1 wherein the main centerline is vertical and the bowl is symmetrically disposed about the main centerline.

8. The gyratory cone crusher of claim 1 wherein the eccentric is chosen from a plurality of eccentrics, each defining a different minimum separation distance between the conehead centerline and the main centerline.

9. The gyratory cone crusher of claim 1 wherein the bowl is vertically adjustable along the main centerline so as to adjust a closed side setting, thereby adjusting a size characteristic of material passing past the conehead.

10. The gyratory cone crusher of claim 1 wherein the drive system is configured to drive the eccentric in either of two opposite directions and at variable speeds in each of said two opposite directions.

11. A method of crushing rock comprising the steps of: providing a conehead;providing a first eccentric which defines a first orientation of a conehead centerline about which the conehead may rotate;providing a surface against which the conehead crushes matter;revolving, in a first revolution direction, the first eccentric so that a conehead centerline and a main centerline do not intersect and are not parallel with respect to each other;rotating the conehead about the conehead centerline;causing material to fall, at a predetermined feed rate, between the conehead and the surface and become crushed when the conehead moves toward the surface; andcausing crushed material having a first predetermined cubicity characteristic to exit, at a first predetermined exit rate, a crushing chamber.

12. The method of claim 11 further comprising the steps of: stopping the operation of the crusher;removing the first eccentric and replacing it with a second eccentric wherein the second eccentric is chosen from a group of eccentrics each designed to be manufactured to have different minimum separation distances between the conehead centerline and the main centerline;revolving, in the first revolution direction, the second eccentric so that a conehead centerline and a main centerline do not intersect and are not parallel with respect to each other;rotating the conehead about the conehead centerline; andcausing material to fall between the conehead and the surface and become crushed when the conehead moves toward the surface;causing crushed material having a second predetermined cubicity characteristic to exit a crushing chamber;wherein the first predetermined cubicity characteristic is substantially different from the second predetermined cubicity characteristic.

13. The method of claim 11 further comprising the steps of: stopping rotation of the conehead and revolution of the first eccentric;revolving, in a second revolution direction, the first eccentric so that a conehead centerline and a main centerline do not intersect and are not parallel with respect to each other;rotating the conehead about the conehead centerline;causing material to fall between the conehead and the surface and become crushed when the conehead moves toward the surface; andcausing crushed material having a third predetermined cubicity characteristic to exit, at a second exit rate, a crushing chamber;wherein the first revolution direction is opposite of the second revolution direction and the third predetermined cubicity characteristic is significantly different from the first predetermined cubicity characteristic and further wherein the first exit rate is substantially different from the second exit rate.

14. The method of claim 12 further comprising the steps of: stopping rotation of the conehead and revolution of the second eccentric;revolving, in a second revolution direction, the second eccentric so that a conehead centerline and a main centerline do not intersect and are not parallel with respect to each other;rotating the conehead about the conehead centerline; andcausing material to fall between the conehead and the surface and become crushed when the conehead moves toward the surface; andcausing crushed material having a fourth predetermined cubicity characteristic to exit a crushing chamber; andwherein the first revolution direction is opposite of the second revolution direction and the fourth predetermined cubicity characteristic is significantly different from the second predetermined cubicity characteristic.

15. The method of claim 13 wherein: the second exit rate is higher than the first exit rate and simultaneously the third cubicity characteristic has a degree of cubicity which is more cubical than the first cubicity characteristic.

16. A method of crushing rock comprising the steps of: providing a conehead;providing a surface against which the conehead crushes matter;determining a desired material throughput rate and a desired cubicity characteristic for output material;selecting, based upon a target minimum conehead centerline and main centerline separation distance, a first eccentric among a plurality of different eccentrics, each of which was designed to be manufactured with a substantially different target minimum separation distance between a conehead centerline and a main centerline;providing the first eccentric which defines a first orientation of the conehead centerline about which the conehead may rotate;revolving, in a first revolution direction, the first eccentric so that the conehead centerline and the main centerline do not intersect and are not parallel with respect to each other;rotating the conehead about the conehead centerline; andcausing material to fall, at a predetermined feed rate, between the conehead and the surface and become crushed when the conehead moves toward the surface; andcausing crushed material having a first predetermined cubicity characteristic to exit, at a first predetermined exit rate, a crushing chamber.

17. A method of claim 16 further comprising: selecting, based upon a target minimum conehead centerline and main centerline separation distance, a second eccentric among said plurality of different eccentrics, each of which was designed to be manufactured with a substantially different target minimum separation distance between a conehead centerline and a main centerline;replacing the first eccentric which defines a first orientation of the conehead centerline about which the conehead may rotate with the second eccentric;revolving, in a first revolution direction, the second eccentric so that the conehead centerline and the main centerline do not intersect and are not parallel with respect to each other;rotating the conehead about the conehead centerline;causing material to fall, at a predetermined feed rate, between the conehead and the surface and become crushed when the conehead moves toward the surface; andcausing crushed material having a second predetermined cubicity characteristic to exit, at a second predetermined exit rate, a crushing chamber.

18. The method of claim 17 further comprising the steps of: revolving, in a second revolution direction, opposite the first revolution direction, the second eccentric so that the conehead centerline and the main centerline do not intersect and are not parallel with respect to each other;rotating the conehead about the conehead centerline;causing material to fall, at a predetermined feed rate, between the conehead and the surface and become crushed when the conehead moves toward the surface; andcausing crushed material having a third predetermined cubicity characteristic to exit the crushing chamber.

19. The method of claim 16 further comprising the steps of: adjusting a cubicity output characteristic by revolving, in a second revolution direction, opposite the first revolution direction, the first eccentric so that the conehead centerline and the main centerline do not intersect and are not parallel with respect to each other;rotating the conehead about the conehead centerline;causing material to fall, at a predetermined feed rate, between the conehead and the surface and become crushed when the conehead moves toward the surface; andthereby, causing crushed material having a predetermined reversed direction cubicity characteristic to exit, at a predetermined reversed direction exit rate, the crushing chamber.

20. A method of claim 16 wherein said crushed material is crushed rock.