The present invention relates to mixer faucets. More specifically, the present invention relates to an improved handle for a mixer faucet for easy operation and a method of using same.
Two types of mixer faucets are common today: (a) Mixer faucets with two mechanisms: one for regulating the flow rate of the cold water and one for regulating the flow rate of the hot water. Such a faucet has two operating handles, one for each mechanism, which in most cases are rotating knobs, and (b) Mixer faucets with one mechanism for regulating the flow rates of both the cold and the hot water as well as the water temperature. Such faucets have a single handle movable in two axes for controlling the flow rate and the temperature of the water.
The single handle mixer faucet was invented about 60 years ago and became very common around the world about 30 years ago. Operating the handle, in it's most common form, is carried out by pushing and pulling the handle's tip, i.e., rocking the handle in one axis to control the flow rate and swinging it around the other axis to control the water temperature. Operating such a faucet requires the operator to mainly use gross motor skills.
Over the years numerous inventors tried to modify the faucet and provide simple and easy to use designs, and proposed various designs of single lever mixer faucets, some of which are described herein.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,298,875 relates to single lever mixer taps of two types: One type is operated like a joystick with forward/backward motions regulating flow, while left/right motions regulate temperature. Another type must be pulled up to increase flow and twisted clockwise or counterclockwise to adjust temperature. The writer claims that these compound motions of a single valve are anything but ergonomic and that they may look sleek, but standard dual valves are generally easier to use.
Patent Publication No. WO 2008101326 relates to studies that show conventional hand operated faucets are a source of wasted water and energy and a cross contamination point for the spread of infectious diseases. This patent claims to suggest a simple valve actuator operable by either hip, arm, elbow, foot or knee etc. that is easily installed in association with a cabinet and has an actuator simply constructed, reliable, economical and adjustable to the height of different cabinet toe boards.
DE Patent No. 203156870 describes a control grip for a water mixer tap that has an improved easy to use ergonomic design, applying a cylindrical sleeve that rotates about the water pipe and has an outer grip. The sleeve is moved axially to regulate the water flow rate and is rotated in either direction to adjust the temperature of the outflow.
EP Patent No. 0115032 relates to a mechanical mixer of the type including movable ceramic plates, one compared to the other. One of the relative movements of the plates sets the temperature of the water, while the other one sets the flow rate of the water.
Thus, as noted earlier in the above-mentioned inventions, and in general, faucets available nowadays are disadvantageous for having a structure which requires using gross motor skills during operation. The use of gross motor skills makes it difficult to finely adjust the water flow rate and temperature and leads to the wasting of water.
Some of today's designs enable easy flow rate adjustments but not easy temperature adjustments. Other designs make the new product more complex and/or expensive. Yet other designs solve one problem while causing others, for example, electronic-type faucets which enable water saving by restricting the water flow rate to a preset flow rate may not be convenient to the user upon performing certain tasks.
Thus, none of the faucet designs available today provide an easy to use low cost faucet which enables fine regulation of the water flow rate and temperature with minimal wasting of water.
An aim of the present invention is to provide an improved ergonomic faucet structure. More specifically, a faucet structure operable by using gentle motor skills to enable easy operation and making fine adjustments of the water flow rate and temperature, which in turn may aid in saving water.
There is thus provided, according to embodiments of the present invention, a handle for a mixer faucet to facilitate operating the faucet more easily by using primarily the wrist and forearm muscles. The handle comprises a gripping element and a connector to connect the handle to a mechanism lever of the mixer faucet. The griping element comprises two sections both of which lie along an axis substantially perpendicular to the mechanism lever's operating axis.
Furthermore, each of the sections are located on an opposite side of the mechanism lever's operating axes, thereby, to operate the faucet, the operator's hand is aligned in such a way that the hand simultaneously holds or touches the sections of the handle. Thus, operating the mixer faucet is done by using one of gross motor skill-type movements and gentle motor skill-type movements.
Furthermore, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, to operate the faucet, the operator's hand is aligned in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the hand is substantially continual to the longitudinal axis of the mechanism lever. This allows operating the mixer faucet by using one of gross motor skill-type movements and gentle motor skill-type movements.
Furthermore, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the gripping element is spaced apart from the connector to enable enveloping the griping element with one hand by wrapping the fingers of the user around the gripping element.
Furthermore, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the gripping element extends on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the mechanism lever.
Furthermore, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the gripping element is spaced apart from the connector between 5 mm to 100 mm, and preferably between 10 mm to 60 mm to facilitate holding the griping element within the ones hand.
Furthermore, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the handle is used for pivoting and rotating a mechanism lever.
Furthermore, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the mechanism lever of the mixer faucet is easily pivoted and rotated with one hand by holding or touching the griping element within one hand, thereby aligning the operator's hand so that the hand simultaneously holds or touches said sections of the handle.
Furthermore, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the mechanism lever can be at any angle with respect of the floor.
Furthermore, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, a method for operating the mixer faucet of the present invention comprises the following steps: (a) providing a faucet with the new handle of the present invention connected to the mechanism lever of the faucet, and (b) manipulating the griping element of the handle with one hand thereby aligning the hand of the operator so that the hand is simultaneously holds or touches the sections of the handle.
Furthermore, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the gripping element being spaced apart from the connector to enable enveloping the griping element with one hand by wrapping the fingers of the user around the gripping element.
Furthermore, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the gripping element extends on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the mechanism lever.
Furthermore, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the gripping element is spaced apart from the connector between 5 mm to 100 mm, and preferably between 10 mm to 60 mm to facilitate holding the griping element within the ones hand.
Furthermore, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, operating the handle comprises using one of gross motor skill-type movements and gentle motor skill-type movements.
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As noted earlier, single lever mixer faucets available nowadays require using mainly gross motor skills during operation. This makes it difficult to perform fine movements and fine adjustments to the water flow rate and temperature. In addition, as the adjustments are not easily carried out and require some trial and error procedures, users frequently end up using a stream stronger than needed and thus waste water.
The present invention is of a new ergonomic design of a new handle for a single lever mixer tap. The new design enables the user to operate the faucet by using gentle motor skills and easily perform fine adjustments to the water flow rate and temperature as well as develop motor memory. Motor memory is a form of procedural memory that involves consolidating a specific motor task into memory through repetition. When a movement is repeated over time, a long-term muscle memory is created for that task eventually allowing it to be performed without conscious effort. This process decreases the need for attention and creates maximum efficiency within the motor and memory systems.
Motor memory, regarding fine adjustments, may not be efficiently developed with the standard single lever mixer tap's handle as fine adjustments to the water flow rate and temperature are difficult to be controlled and thus are not repeated the same way over and over again as these standard single lever mixer taps that are available nowadays enable mainly the use of gross motor skills. On the other hand, in case of the improved ergonomic faucet structure of the present invention, motor memory will be developed and will allow the operator to immediately achieve the desired water flow rate and temperature, thereby decreasing waste of water. Thus, there will be no need to dedicate time to long and repetitive attempts at adjustment and water will be saved.
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In common single lever mixer taps seen in
Thus, typical single lever mixer taps are designed in such a way that by moving the handle's tip 106 upwards or downwards, handle 102 is rotating around axis 113 and either increases or decreases the water flow rate. Similarly, by moving the handle's tip 106 towards the right/left direction, handle 102 rotates around the tap mechanism vertical axis 112 and the relative amount of cold/hot water is adjusted. Finally, moving the handle tip 106 all the way down, stops the water flow.
As noted earlier, operating the standard lever handle 102 of the standard single lever mixer taps requires the user to perform gross motor movements using the elbow and the shoulder joints which makes it difficult to perform delicate and precise adjustments of the water flow rate and temperature.
To emphasize the advantages of the improved ergonomic faucet structure of the present invention over the typical standard single lever mixer tap, the standard operating procedure of the typical standard single lever mixer tap is presented herein.
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It should be noted that movements of the elbow and/or the shoulder joints are gross motor skill-type movements which make fine adjustments of the handle position difficult to accomplish.
As seen in
It should be noted that a reverse action, i.e., the moving of handle 102 downwards to its closed tap position requires the same joints usage, thereby requiring gross motor skill-type movements as well.
Similarly, same principles apply to the type of operations illustrated in
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It should be noted that a flow rate lower than desired may prevent the user from performing tasks such as hand washing, showering and the like, in a comfortable and efficient manner. A flow rate stronger than desired, on the other hand, may enable the user to perform his/her tasks in an efficient and comfortable manner but at the same time may cause wasting of water.
Thus, the improved faucet design, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks of standard single lever mixer taps. The improved faucet design provides the user with a better and easier control over standard single lever mixer taps and enables him to perform more delicate and precise adjustments to the water flow and temperature.
As noted earlier, the single lever mixer tap with a new handle of the present invention includes a single handle, and can be used in standard valve mechanism used in common faucets today. The key point, however, in the present invention is the new handle's design with respect of the tap mechanism structure that is distinguished in the present invention. To be specific, in accordance with the present invention, as exemplified in
It will be easier to operate the handle when handle's axis 114 is substantially perpendicular to both mechanism operating axes 112 and 113.
When using the typical standard handle of a single lever mixer tap, the force delivered by the operator's hand is applied, in general, to a single certain section of the handle and applied, in general, to a single certain direction.
When using the new handle, the force delivered by the operator's hand and aimed at the handle, is divided to the two, distant and distinguished sections mentioned above. Spreading the force to different sections and applying it in two opposite direction at the same time makes it easier to operate the handle as the task and the effort is divided between two different sections of the operator's hand.
Such a design enables the operator to use gentle motor skill-type movements while operating the faucet, or more specifically, to operate the faucet primarily with his/her wrist joint and forearm muscles, thus, to perform fine adjustments to the water flow rate and temperature easily.
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In accordance with some embodiments of the present invention, mechanism lever 224 may be substantially parallel or at any angle with respect of the floor.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned wrist joint and forearm movements are gentle motor skill-type movements of the hand that enable the operator to perform fine tuning of the water flow rate and temperature.
It should be further noted that the unique design of new handle 200 enables the user to operate the tap by holding/touching various sections along new handle 200 by body parts other than his/her arm. For instance, new handle 200 may be held and used in the same way as the standard handle (shown in
Thus, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, the single lever mixer tap with new handle 220 of the present invention is advantageous as its distinguished design enables the user to continue using the tap in the same way he/her is used to, and at the same time, enables him/her to enjoy the additional ergonomic qualities when desired and achieve easier and more comfortable control of the tap.
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The operating procedure of the single lever mixer tap with the new handle in accordance with embodiments of the present invention is presented herein.
A brief overview of basic movements of the wrist and forearm are given herein for better understanding of the efficiency of the new handle design.
When the wrist tilts, i.e., radially deviates upwards, the thumb draws closer to the lateral area of the forearm. Similarly, when the wrist tilts downwards, the thumb draws away from the lateral area of the forearm. In medical terms this is called: “ulnar deviation of the wrist”. The neutral position of the wrist exists when a line drawn along the top of the forearm is in a straight line with the top surface of the index finger.
The wrist can also be bended back (dorsiflexion of the wrist) when the back side of the hand is drawn closer to the forearm. When the wrist is bended foreword (palmar flexion of the wrist) the palm is drawn closer to the forearm.
The forearm movements that are relevant to the present invention are pronation and supination. Pronation is when the forearm rotates clockwise so that the palm faces downwards, and supination is when the forearm rotates counterclockwise so that the palm faces upwards.
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In a reverse action, i.e., the moving of handle 402 to its closed tap position, the top tip 406 and the bottom tip 408 of the handle return to their original positions. Such movements of the handle match the natural wrist movements, i.e., tilting away from/towards the lateral area of the forearm as illustrated in
Tilting and/or bending the wrist involves in shortening one group of muscles in the forearm, and lengthening a second group of muscles. While tilting and/or bending the wrist to the opposite direction, the two groups of muscles exchange functions respectively. These two groups of muscles works simultaneously in opposite directions, wherein the second group supports and balances the first group and helps the operator control the speed and accuracy of the movement. Fast uncontrollable movements that can occur due to the operator's attempt to overcome friction in the tap's mechanism, are balanced and moderated by the two coordinated groups of muscles that work simultaneously and support the hand from undesired large and/or fast movements. Furthermore: gripping the handle with the hand is preferable than other kinds of holding/touching the handle as when the hand is wrapped around the handle, the hand is very stable. When the handle is operated that way, two sections of the hand are pushing the handle in two opposite directions, while at the same time, two opposite sections to the mentioned sections of the hand, are supporting the handle opposite to the movement direction, preventing the handle from fast, long uncontrollable movements that can occur when trying to overcome the tap's mechanism friction.
It should be noted that such a complex-type operation can not, practically, take place when operating the standard single lever mixer tap as when trying to perform fine adjustments to the handle, using gross motor skill-type movements, no body-part or muscle-group can efficiently work opposite to the movement direction to balance it and the most influencing counter force to this movement is the tap's mechanism friction which is unstable, unpredictable and uncontrollable. Seen in
Seen in
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It should be noted that in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, various designs of the new handle may be applied. More specifically, handles made of various materials such as, for instance, polymers, metals, composites etc., as well as handles of various shapes, thicknesses, curvatures, and textures may be applied according to the present invention as long as the practical use described above is enabled. For instance, the handle may be designed to have its top section 221 (see
It should be further noted that the single lever mixer tap and the new handle of the present invention may be sold either as a single unit or as separate replacement parts. In addition, the new handle may be used in plumbing units other than a single lever mixer tap. More specifically, the new handle may be used in any plumbing units that require the user to control the combination of water flow rate and temperature such as, for instance, in shower walls or low positioned taps that the user reaches from above, bathtub taps, kitchen sinks etc. Also, the new handle may be used for regulating the flow rate as well as other physical properties of water, other liquids, fluids or solids.
It should be noted that some of the available faucets nowadays which consist a single handle and require a movement in a single axis enable the user to operate the faucet with gentle motor skill-type movements and easily perform fine adjustments. Based on that, one would think that a mixer-type faucet that is operable by using gentle motor skill-type movements may require using two different handles. This is not quite the case as the improved ergonomic faucet structure of the present invention enables a complex movement in two axes: up/down for flow strength and left/right for temperature adjustments by a single handle and by using gentle motor skill-type movements.
The tap mechanism operation requires a complex movement in two axes: up/down for flow strength and left/right for temperature adjustments.
In accordance with some embodiments of the present invention, the new handle may comprise a plurality of parts.
In accordance with some embodiments of the present invention, the new handle is meant to be used with every kind of mechanism that is operated according to the same principles as the mechanism described in this document and to be more specific: all kinds of mechanisms that are operated in a combination of two different axes, that can be controlled using the new handle with the same overall principles described in this document.
The new handle can be used to control other systems, rather than plumbing, that requires the adjustment of two different aspects of amount and/or flow rate, using a single handle.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/IL10/00338 | 4/27/2010 | WO | 00 | 10/27/2011 |
Number | Date | Country | |
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61172795 | Apr 2009 | US |