Hanging package display unit

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 6209763
  • Patent Number
    6,209,763
  • Date Filed
    Wednesday, February 9, 2000
    25 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, April 3, 2001
    24 years ago
  • Inventors
  • Examiners
    • Mohanty; Bibhu
    Agents
    • Sutton; Ezra
Abstract
A hanging package display unit for holding and displaying multiple sets of various clothing articles. The hanging package display unit includes a first hanger having a pair of arm holding members and a central neck member, with the neck member having a hook member and a receiving slot formed therein. The display unit also includes a second hanger having a pair of arm holding members and a central neck member, with the neck member having a hook member. The second hanger is disposed below the first hanger and connected thereto, wherein the hook member of the second hanger is received within the receiving slot of the first hanger. The hanger package display unit further includes a central hole formed in the neck member of the first hanger for receiving therein a securing device for holding together in a secure fashion the interlocked first and second hangers. Additionally, the hanger package display unit also includes a packaging display card having indicia thereon for partially surrounding the first and second hangers in order to hold together both of the first and second hangers securely in place.
Description




FIELD OF THE INVENTION




This invention relates to a hanging package display unit for displaying multiple units of various articles of clothing such as underwear, blouses and slacks, shirt and pants, woman's pants suit, sleepwear and the like. More particularly, the hanging package display unit includes a first hanger and a second hanger interlocked below the first hanger, where the interlocked second hanger is received within a slot opening in the neck member of the first hanger, and the two hangers are held together by a surrounding packaging display card having advertising and/or display indicia thereon.




BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION




Prior art methods of packaging clothing articles for hanging display typically include a single hanger and a header card and/or hanging tab which is attached to the clothing article and/or hanger for hanging on a display rack. At present, there is no hanger system for displaying two or more clothing articles on multiple hangers for hanging on a display rack.




There remains a need for a hanging package display unit for displaying multiple units of various clothing articles, such as underwear, blouses and slacks, shirt and pants, women's pants suits and the like. The display unit would include two or more hangers connected to each other by a surrounding packaging card having advertising and/or display indicia thereon.




DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART




Multiple garment hangers and product display hangers having various designs, structures, configurations and materials of construction have been disclosed in the prior art. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,935,976 to Mizrach discloses a multiple garment hanger. This prior art patent does not disclose or teach two hangers interlocked having a display card thereon for holding the two hangers together.




U.S. Pat. No. 5,728,440 to Good discloses a product display hanger. This prior art patent does not disclose or teach two hangers interlocked having a display card thereon for holding the two hangers together.




None of the aforementioned prior art patents disclose or teach the present invention of a hanging package display unit having two hangers connected or interlocked and having a display card thereon for holding the two hangers together.




Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a hanging package display unit for displaying multiple units of various clothing articles, such as underwear and bras, blouses and slacks, shirt and pants, pants suits (for women) and the like.




Another object of the present invention is to provide a hanging package display unit that displays two or more clothing articles on multiple hangers for hanging on a display rack.




Another object of the present invention is to provide a hanging package display unit that includes a first hanger and a second hanger interlocked below the first hanger, where the interlocked second hanger is received within a slot opening in the neck member of the first hanger.




Another object of the present invention is to provide a hanging package display unit where the two interlocked hangers are held together by a surrounding packaging display card having advertising and/or display indicia thereon.




Another object of the present invention is to provide a hanging package display unit where the two connected hangers are held together by a security tie within a hole opening in the neck member of the first hanger.




Another object of the present invention is to provide a hanging package display unit that includes a hanging bracket member integrally attached to each of the two interlocked hangers for hanging at least four articles of clothing thereon.




Another object of the present invention is to provide a hanging package display unit where the packaging display card may display additional clothing and non-clothing and nonclothing accessories such as matching slippers, neckties, toys, booklets and the like being mounted on the front side of the packaging display card.




Another object of the present invention is to provide a hanging package display unit wherein the materials of construction are selected from the group consisting of plastics, wood, paper and light-weight metals.




A further object of the present invention is to provide a hanging package display unit that can be mass produced in an automated and economical manner and is readily affordable to the clothing manufacturer or retailer.




SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION




In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a hanging package display unit for holding and displaying multiple sets of various clothing articles. The hanging package display unit includes a first hanger having a pair of arm holding members and a central neck member, with the neck member having a hook member and a receiving slot formed therein. The display unit also includes a second hanger having a pair of arm holding members and a central neck member, with the neck member having a hook member. The second hanger is disposed below the first hanger and connected thereto, wherein the hook member of the second hanger is received within the receiving slot of the first hanger. The hanger package display unit further includes a central hole formed in the neck member ofthe first hanger for receiving therein a securing device for holding together in a secure fashion the interlocked first and second hangers. Additionally, the hanger package display unit also includes a packaging display card having indicia thereon for partially surrounding the first and second hangers in order to hold together both of the first and second hangers securely in place.











BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS




Further objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon consideration of the detailed description of the presently-preferred embodiments, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:





FIG. 1

is a perspective view of the hanging package display unit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention showing an upper hanger and a lower hanger interlocked below the upper hanger, and showing the hanger hook of the interlocked lower hanger received within a slot opening in the neck member of the upper hanger, and having a securing tie member for preventing the separation of the lower hanger from the upper hanger;





FIG. 1A

is an enlarged perspective view of the hanging package display unit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention showing the hanger hook ofthe lower hanger received on the bar member within the receiving slot opening of the neck member of the upper hanger, and having a securing tie member for preventing the separation of the lower hanger from the upper hanger;





FIG. 2

is an exploded perspective view of the hanging package display unit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention showing the interlocking of the hanger hook of the lower hanger within the slot opening of the neck member of the upper hanger, and showing the securing tie member received within the hole opening of the neck member of the upper hanger for securing together the interlocked upper and lower hangers;





FIG. 3

is a front perspective view of the hanging package display unit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention showing the upper and lower hangers interlocked and held together by a surrounding packaging display card having indicia thereon;





FIG. 4

is a rear perspective view of the hanging package display unit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention showing the packaging display card in the process of being attached to the interlocked upper and lower hangers;





FIG. 5

is a rear perspective view of the hanging package display unit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention showing the upper and lower hangers interlocked and held together by a surrounding packaging display card having indicia thereon;





FIG. 6

is a front view of the hanging package display unit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention showing the upper and lower hangers having the packaging display card thereon and in operational use;





FIG. 7

is a perspective view ofthe hanging package display unit ofthe first alternate embodiment of the present invention showing the upper and lower hangers interlocked with each hanger having a hanging bracket;





FIG. 8

is a front view of the hanging package display unit of the first alternate embodiment of the present invention showing the packaging display card thereon and in operational use;





FIG. 9

is a front view of the hanging package display unit of the first alternate embodiment of the present invention showing the upper and lower hangers in dotted lines and having the packaging display card thereon in operational use;





FIG. 9A

is an enlarged partial cut-away view of the hanging package display unit of the first alternate embodiment of the present invention showing the clasping points of the clasp section of the lower hanging bracket of the lower hanger in operational use; and





FIG. 10

is a perspective view of the hanging package display unit of the second alternate embodiment of the present invention showing the upper and lower hangers being integrally molded as a single unit.











DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS




PREFERRED EMBODIMENT


10






The hanging package display units


10


,


100


and


200


and their component parts of the preferred and alternate embodiments of the present invention are represented in detail by

FIGS. 1 through 10

of the patent drawings. The hanging package display unit


10


of the preferred embodiment is used for displaying multiple units of various articles of clothing, as shown in

FIG. 6

, such as shirts


16


, pajama night shirts, underwear, bras, blouses, jackets, coats and the like. The hanging package display unit


10


, as shown in

FIGS. 1

to


6


of the drawings, includes a first (upper) hanger


20


and a second (lower) hanger


40


interlocked below the upper first hanger


20


. The hook member


52


of the interlocked lower second hanger


40


is received within a slot opening


34


formed in the neck member


30


of the upper first hanger


20


, and the upper and lower hangers


20


and


40


are held together by a surrounding packaging display card


60


having advertising and/or display indicia


62


thereon.




The upper first hanger


20


includes a pair of hanger arm holding members


22


and


24


, each having inner ends


26


and


28


, respectively, as shown in

FIGS. 1 and 2

of the drawings. Each of the inner ends


26


and


28


are integrally connected to the neck member


30


. Neck member


30


includes a hook member


32


being located at the upper end


33


of neck member


30


. Neck member


30


also includes a slot opening


34


having a supporting bar member


39


therein being located at the lower end


35


of neck member


30


. Neck member


30


further includes a hole opening


36


being located in the center area


37


for receiving a securing tie


38


. Hook member


32


is used for attaching the hanging package display unit


10


to a display rack


18


, as shown in

FIG. 6

of the drawings. Supporting bar member


39


within slot opening


34


is used for receiving and holding the hook member


52


of the lower second hanger


40


.




The lower second hanger


40


includes a pair of hanger arm holding members


42


and


44


, each having inner ends


46


and


48


, respectively, as shown in

FIGS. 1 and 2

of the drawings. Each of the inner ends


46


and


48


are integrally connected to the neck member


50


. Neck member


50


includes a hook member


52


being located at the upper end


53


of neck member


50


. Neck member


50


also includes a slot opening


54


being located at the lower end


55


of neck member


50


. Neck member


50


further includes a hole opening


56


being centrally located in the center area


57


for receiving a securing tie


38


(if a third hanger is attached). Hook member


52


is used for hanging on supporting bar member


39


of the upper first hanger


20


in order to interlock the upper and lower hangers


20


and


40


together. The securing tie


38


prevents both hangers


20


and


40


from separating. Slot opening


54


is used for receiving the hook member of a third hanger (not shown) if used.




The packaging display card


60


, as shown in

FIGS. 3

to


5


of the drawings, includes a central front wall


64


for receiving indicia


62


thereon, an upper flap member


66


with an interlocking upper tab section


68


and a first fold section


70


for connecting the central front wall


64


and the upper flap member


66


. Fold section


70


includes a rectangular opening


72


for receiving hook member


32


therethrough. Display card


60


further includes a lower flap member


76


with an interlocking lower tab section


78


and a second fold section


80


for connecting the central front wall


64


and the lower flap member


76


. Interlocking tab sections


68


and


78


are joined together for closing the upper and lower flap members


66


and


76


, respectively, on the display card


60


, as shown in

FIG. 4

of the drawings, for surrounding the upper and lower hangers


20


and


40


in order to hold together both hangers


20


and


40


securely in place in order to form the assembled hanging package display unit


10


.




It should be understood that the hanging packaging display unit


10


of the present invention can be used without a display card


60


, as shown in

FIGS. 1 and 2

of the drawings, where securing tie


38


is used to hold the upper and lower hangers


20


and


40


together as depicted. It should also be understood that no securing tie


38


is needed when using the packaging display card


60


for surrounding the upper and lower hangers


20


and


40


in order to hold together both hangers


20


and


40


in a firm manner, as shown in

FIGS. 3

to


5


of the drawings. Additionally, packaging display card


60


can be used to mount and display other items such as clothing accessories, toys, booklets, jewelry and the like, as shown in

FIG. 6

of the drawings. Also, display card


60


can be used in an advertising and display venue only without mounting any other products thereon, as shown in

FIG. 3

of the drawings.




FIRST ALTERNATE EMBODIMENT


100






The hanging packaging display unit


100


of the first alternate embodiment, as shown in

FIGS. 7

to


9


, is used for displaying a plurality of paired or matching clothing articles such as upper and lower portions


12


U and


12


L of sleepwear or underwear


12


, and the display card


60


can include slippers


14


mounted thereon. The hanging package display unit


100


, as shown in

FIGS. 7 and 8

of the drawings, includes a first (upper) hanger


20


having a first (upper) hanging bracket


120


thereon and a second (lower) hanger


40


having a second (lower) hanging bracket


160


thereon, where the lower second hanger


40


is interlocked below the upper first hanger


20


. The hook member


52


of the interlocked lower second hanger


40


is received on supporting bar member


39


within slot opening


34


in neck member


30


of the upper first hanger


20


, and the upper and lower hangers


20


and


40


have hanging brackets


120


and


160


thereon, respectively. Hangers


20


and


40


with hanging brackets


120


and


160


, respectively, are also held together by the surrounding packaging display card


60


having indicia


62


thereon in order to form the assembled hanging package display unit


100


.




The first (upper) hanging bracket


120


, as shown in

FIG. 7

, includes a pair of vertical connecting members


122


and


124


being connected at the upper ends


126


and


128


of vertical connecting members


122


and


124


to each of the inner ends


26


and


28


of hanger arm holding members


22


and


24


, respectively, of upper hanger


20


. Hanging bracket


120


also includes a pair of horizontal hanging bar members


130


and


132


being connected at the lower ends


134


and


136


of vertical connecting members


122


and


124


, respectively, for hanging of additional clothing articles thereon. Each of the lower ends


134


and


136


of vertical connecting members


122


and


124


further includes a hook section


138


and


144


, and a clothing clasp section


140


and


144


, a clothing clasp section


140


and


146


having clasping points


142


and


148


thereon for holding and displaying skirts, shorts and other garments thereon. The upper ends


150


and


152


of each clasp section


140


and


146


include integrally attached circular tabs


154


and


156


thereon, respectively. Circular tabs


154


and


156


are used for tying off an article of clothing to each of those tabs


154


and


156


, respectively.




The second (lower) hanging bracket


160


, as shown in

FIG. 7

, includes a pair of vertical connecting members


162


and


164


being connected at the upper ends


166


and


168


of vertical connecting members


162


and


164


to each of the inner ends


46


and


48


of hanger arm holding member


42


and


44


, respectively, of lower hanger


40


. Hanging bracket


160


also includes a pair of horizontal hanging bar members


170


and


172


being connected at the lower ends


174


and


176


of vertical connecting members


162


and


164


, respectively, for hanging of additional clothing articles thereon. Each of the lower ends


174


and


176


of vertical connecting members


162


and


164


further includes a hook section


178


and


184


, and a clothing clasp section


180


and


186


having clasping points


182


and


188


thereon for holding and displaying skirts, shorts, and other garments thereon. The upper ends


190


and


192


of each clasp section


180


and


186


include integrally attached circular tabs


194


and


196


thereon, respectively. Circular tabs


194


and


196


are used for tying off an article of clothing to each of those tabs


194


and


196


, respectively.




It should be understood that the hanging packaging display unit


100


of the present invention can be used without a display card


60


, as shown in

FIG. 7

of the drawings, where securing tie


38


is used to hold the upper and lower hangers


20


and


40


together as depicted. It should also be understood that no securing tie


38


is needed when using the packaging display card


60


for surrounding the upper and lower hangers


20


and


40


in order to hold together both hangers


20


and


40


in a firm manner, as shown in

FIGS. 8 and 9

of the drawings. Additionally, packaging display card


60


can be used to mount and display other items such as clothing accessories, toys, booklets, jewelry and the like, as shown in

FIG. 8

of the drawings. Also, display card


60


can be used in an advertising and display venue only without mounting any other products thereon, as shown in

FIG. 9

of the drawings.




SECOND ALTERNATE EMBODIMENT


200






The hanging package display unit


200


and its component parts of the second alternate embodiment of the present invention are represented in detail by

FIG. 10

of the patent drawings. All aspects of the second alternate embodiment of the hanging package display unit


200


are the same as the preferred embodiment of the hanging package display unit


10


except for the vertical connecting bar member


210


having an upper end


212


and a lower end


214


for integrally attaching the upper and lower hangers


20


and


40


together. The upper end


212


is attached to lower end


33


of neck member


30


of upper hanger


20


and the lower end


214


is attached to the upper end


53


of neck member


50


of lower hanger


40


. Vertical connecting bar member


210


has replaced hook member


52


of hanger


40


. Hanging package display unit


200


is a single integrally molded unit made of light-weight and durable plastic.




OPERATION OF THE INVENTION




In operation, the hanging package display units


10


and


100


of the preferred and first alternate embodiments of the present invention are readily put into operational use by assembling the upper and lower hangers


20


and


40


in the following manner. The user simply inserts the hook member


50


of hanger


40


into the receiving slot opening


34


in neck member


30


of upper hanger


20


. The user then inserts a suitable fastening device within circular hole opening


36


for the permanent or temporary securement of the interlocked upper and lower hangers


20


and


40


, as shown in

FIGS. 1 and 7

of the drawings. Fastening device can include a securing tie


38


, a loop lock fastener, a cable tie, a beaded tie, and a temporary or permanent locking fastener.




Alternatively, a fastening device such as securing tie


38


need not be used, as the user can use the packaging display card


60


for securing and holding in place the upper hanger


20


relative to that of lower hanger


40


, as shown in

FIGS. 3

to


5


of the drawings. When using display card


60


, the user simply inserts hook member


32


within rectangular slot opening


72


of fold section


70


, where then the upper flap member


66


is folded downwardly over the neck member


30


of upper hanger


20


, and the lower flap member


76


is folded upwardly along fold section


80


and under neck member


50


of lower hanger


40


, as shown in

FIGS. 4 and 5

of the drawings. In the next step the user joins together the interlocking upper and lower tab sections


68


and


78


of upper and lower flap members


66


and


76


, respectively, as shown in

FIG. 4

of the drawings. In this step tab sections


68


and


78


are closed, such that upper and lower flap members


66


and


76


and central front wall


64


surrounds neck members


30


and


50


of upper and lower hangers


20


and


40


, respectively, in order to hold together both hangers


20


and


40


securely in place in order to form the assembled hanging package display units


10


and


100


, as shown in

FIGS. 6

,


8


and


9


of the drawings. The second alternate embodiment of the hanging package display unit


200


needs no assembly, as it is a single molded unit as shown in

FIG. 9

of the drawings.




Now the user is able to assemble various clothing articles on the hanging package display units


10


,


100


or


200


, as shown in

FIGS. 6

,


8


and


9


of the drawing. The user simply places two (2) clothing articles on hanger arm holding members


22


,


24


,


42


and


44


of hangers


20


and


40


, respectively. In using the hanging package display unit


100


, the user can use hanging brackets


120


and


160


for securing and displaying additional garments like pants, slacks


15


, shirts


16


, shorts, sleepwear bottoms


12


L and the like thereon. Hook sections


138


,


144


,


178


and


184


, clasp sections


140


,


146


,


180


and


186


or tabs


154


,


156


,


194


and


196


of hanging brackets


120


and


160


, respectively, are all available for securely holding or tying off various articles of clothing, as shown in

FIG. 9A

of the drawings.




Additionally, packaging display card


60


can also be used to mount and display other consumer product items including clothing accessories, such as bow ties


17


or slippers


14


; or other consumer items, such as toys, booklets, jewelry, and the like. These items can be mounted on the central front wall


64


of display card


60


by fastening means that include securing ties


38


, staples, epoxy glue, loop lock fasteners, cable ties, beaded ties and the like.




ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION




Accordingly, an advantage of the present invention is that it provides for a hanging package display unit for displaying multiple units of various clothing articles, such as underwear and bras, blouses and slacks, shirt and pants, pants suits (for women) and the like.




Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for a hanging package display unit that displays two or more clothing articles on multiple hangers for hanging on a display rack.




Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for a hanging package display unit that includes a first hanger and a second hanger interlocked below the first hanger, where the interlocked second hanger is received within a slot opening in the neck member of the first hanger.




Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for a hanging package display unit where the two interlocked hangers are held together by a surrounding packaging display card having advertising and/or display indicia thereon.




Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for a hanging package display unit where the two connected hangers are held together by a security tie within a hole opening in the neck member of the first hanger.




Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for a hanging package display unit that includes a hanging bracket member integrally attached to each of the two interlocked hangers for hanging at least four articles of clothing thereon.




Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for a hanging package display unit where the packaging display card may display additional clothing and nonclothing accessories such as matching slippers, neckties, toys, booklets and the like being mounted on the front side of the packaging display card.




Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for a hanging package display unit wherein the materials of construction are selected from the group consisting of plastics, wood, paper and light-weight metals.




A further advantage of the present invention is that it provides for a hanging package display unit that can be mass produced in an automated and economical manner and is readily affordable to the clothing manufacturer or retailer.




A latitude of modification, change, and substitution is intended in the foregoing disclosure, and in some instances, some features of the invention will be employed without a corresponding use of other features. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the appended claims be construed broadly and in a matter consistent with the spirit and scope of the invention herein.



Claims
  • 1. A hanging package display unit for holding and displaying multiple clothing articles, comprising:a) a first hanger including a pair of an holding members being attached to a central neck member; said neck member having a hook member formed thereon; b) a second hanger including a pair of arm holding members being attached to a central neck member; c) said second hanger being disposed below and spaced apart from said first hanger; connecting means for vertically connecting said first and second hangers for securely holding together said first and second hangers; d) said first and second hangers for holding and displaying multiple clothing articles; and e) a packaging display card for partially surrounding and covering said first and second hangers, wherein said packaging display card includes a central front wall, an upper flap member having a first interlocking tab thereon and a lower flap member having a second interlocking tab thereon for securing together said first and second hangers.
  • 2. A hanging package display unit in accordance with claim 1, wherein said connecting means for connecting are selected from the group consisting of a securing tie, a loop lock fastener, a cable tie, a beaded tie, a temporary locking fastener, a permanent locking fastener, a packaging display card, and combinations thereof.
  • 3. A hanging package display unit in accordance with claim 1, wherein said first and second hangers each include a hanging bracket integrally attached thereto for holding additional clothing articles.
  • 4. A hanging package display unit for holding and displaying multiple clothing articles, comprising:a) a first hanger including a pair of arm holding members being attached to a central neck member; said neck member having a hook member and a receiving slot opening formed therein; b) a second hanger including a pair of arm holding members being attached to a central neck member; said neck member having a hook member; c) said second hanger being disposed below and spaced apart from said first hanger and connected thereto; wherein said hook member of said second hanger is received within said slot opening of said first hanger; d) connecting means for connecting and for securely holding together said first and second hangers; wherein said connecting means is a packaging display card for partially surrounding said first and second hangers in order to hold together both of said first and second hangers securely in place; e) wherein said packaging display card includes a central front wall, an upper flap member having a first interlocking tab thereon and a lower flap member having a second interlocking tab thereon for securing together said first and second hangers; and f) said first and second hangers for holding and displaying multiple clothing articles.
  • 5. A hanging packaging display unit in accordance with claim 4, wherein said first and second interlocking tabs are joined together to close said packaging display card around said first and second hangers.
  • 6. A hanging package display unit for holding and displaying multiple clothing articles comprising:a) a first hanger including a pair of arm holding members being attached to a central neck member; said neck member having a hook member and a receiving slot opening formed therein; b) a second hanger including a pair of arm holding members being attached to a central neck member; said neck member having a hook member; c) said second hanger being disposed below and spaced apart from said first hanger and connected thereto; wherein said book member of said second hanger is received within said slot opening of said first hanger; d) connecting means for collecting and for securely holding together said first and second hangers; wherein said connecting means is a securing tie member and a packaging display card for partially surrounding said first and second hangers in order to hold together both of said first and second hangers securely in place; and e) said first and second hangers for holding and displaying multiple clothing articles.
  • 7. A hanging package display unit for holding and displaying multiple clothing articles, comprising:a) a first hanger including a pair of arm holding members being attached to a central neck member; said neck member having a took member formed thereon; b) a second hanger including a pair of arm holding members being attached to a central neck member; c) said second hanger being disposed below and spaced apart from said First hanger; connecting means for vertically connecting said first and second hangers for securely holding together said first and second hangers; d) said first and second hangers for holding and displaying multiple clothing articles; and e) a packing display card for partially surrounding and covering said first and second hangers, wherein said packaging card includes a central front wall member, a first member connected to one end of said central front wall member and having a first locking device thereon and a second member connected to the other end of said central front wall member and having a second locking device thereon, said first and second locking devices being removably interlocked for securing together said first and second hangers.
US Referenced Citations (8)
Number Name Date Kind
2753143 Berlt Jul 1956
3935976 Mizrach Feb 1976
4416401 King Nov 1983
4646951 Gasser Mar 1987
5127559 Freer et al. Jul 1992
5728440 Good Mar 1998
5803321 Willinger et al. Sep 1998
6105834 Cohen Aug 2000