BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates in general to driver controls for automotive vehicles with a manual shift transmission, and, more specifically, to driver feedback to indicate when a shift change is recommended or to provide other event notifications.
Modern powertrain control systems monitor many vehicle parameters and execute sophisticated algorithms to optimize powertrain performance in real time. Depending upon regulatory requirements, the preference of the driver, or other factors, the optimization may be directed to different objectives such as best fuel economy, best power/acceleration, or a tradeoff between them. In an automatic transmission vehicle, the shift points between transmission gears may be determined and implemented by the powertrain controller in accordance with an optimization algorithm.
In a vehicle with a manually-controlled transmission, the powertrain controller does not implement a gear change. It is determined by the manual action of the driver. Nevertheless, it is common for the powertrain controller to run the algorithm for identifying an optimum time for shifting the gear and to generate a visual display to advise the driver when the optimum shift time occurs. A visual cue has been generated on the instrument cluster telling the driver when he or she should shift for optimal performance and/or increased vehicle fuel economy. This indication is usually in the form of an indicator light or a pop-up icon on a display. These require the driver to divert attention to the instrument cluster which is undesirable. Furthermore, the driver may not notice the visual cue and thus miss the opportunity to achieve better performance.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The Haptic Feedback Shift Knob of the present invention is a manual transmission shift knob capable of sending tactile, non-visual signals to the driver. When in operation, the device firsts detects if the driver has his or her hand on the shift knob and then sends a tactile pulse to the driver when he or she should shift for greatest performance or best fuel economy. A haptic “pulse” is felt through the shift knob and thus does not require the driver to take his/her eyes and attention away from the road. This improves safety while at the same time increasing fuel economy and vehicle performance.
The invention is also useful in performance race settings where attention to the road details is imperative for driver success. A race driver may have relied upon watching a tachometer for a desired engine speed to determine when to initiate an upshift or a downshift, which may take more attention than waiting for a simple visual cue. The driver can pay full attention to the road while waiting for the tactile, haptic feedback of the shift knob telling him or her when to shift. Auditory signals can be used in conjunction with the haptic feedback.
In addition to shift change notifications, the present invention may be configured to provide other driver configurable notifications, warnings, or status changes associated with vehicle systems or the driving situation (e.g., drifting out of a lane).
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows an interior of a vehicle with a manual shift transmission.
FIG. 2 shows a prior art system for providing a visual cue identifying the moment when a shift should occur.
FIG. 3 shows a system according to the present invention for providing tactile feedback at the moment a shift should occur.
FIG. 4 shows a vibrating device to be incorporated with a shift knob.
FIG. 5 shows an human-machine interface (HMI) for configuring operation of the haptic feedback.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of one preferred method of the invention.
FIG. 7 shows a sequence of events associated with operation of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A vehicle interior shown in FIG. 1 includes a seat 10 for accommodating a driver so that the driver can operate a steering wheel 11 and a manual gear shift lever 12. An instrument panel 13 includes display elements and input elements (e.g., pushbuttons or a touchscreen) for a human-machine interface (HMI). The vehicle includes an engine, transmission, electronic controller, sensors, and actuators (not shown) as known in the art for coordinating powertrain operation.
In FIG. 2, an instrument panel display 15 includes a tachometer 16 together with an illuminated icon 17. Icon 17 is turned on to indicate to the driver the time when an upshift should occur. Another icon (not shown) would be illuminated having a different shape (e.g., pointing down) when the powertrain controller indicates that a downshift should occur.
FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of the invention wherein a manual shifter 20 includes a knob or handle 21 at the end of a lever concealed under a boot 22. A vibrating, haptic feedback device 23 is embedded within knob 21 or mounted on the lever in order to generate tactile vibrations that are perceived by the hand of the driver when it is in contact with knob 21. Knob 21 also preferably includes a sensor 24 for determining whether the driver's hand is in contact with knob 21. Sensor 24 may be a capacitive sensor, optical sensor, or mechanical pressure sensor, for example. Haptic device 23 and sensor 24 are electrically coupled to a controller 25. Controller 25 may be a standalone controller or can be included within a powertrain control module or a module that controls the instrument cluster, for example. Controller 25 is connected to a bus 28 for communicating with other electric modules and sensors within the vehicle.
Controller 25 is further connected with an HMI 26 and a sound transducer or speaker 27. Speaker 27 could be part of an audio entertainment system or a dedicated device to generate a recognizable sound (e.g., an auditory tone or synthesized voice) alerting the driver to shift. The audible feedback can be used either 1) together with the tactile feedback, or 2) only when the driver does not have their hand on the shift knob. This choice can be user configurable.
FIG. 4 shows an example of an electromechanical vibrating device for use inside the shift knob. This works on the same principle that adds “vibrate” functionality to most cell phones. When a vibration motor 30 is connected to a power source, an off-balance mass 31 is rotated, thereby causing the whole shift knob to shake.
FIG. 5 shows an HMI display for configuring the haptic feedback system. For example, the driver can turn feedback on or off, and they can selected whether to be alerted by vibration or audio, or both. The driver can select a type of optimization (e.g., either for fuel economy or performance). For the vibratory feedback, a style selection allows the driver to configure the strength of the vibrations between low, medium, and high (e.g., each corresponding to a different level of motor speed or torque).
FIG. 6 shows one preferred method of the invention. In step 40, the controller gathers vehicle inputs such as vehicle speed, engine speed (tachometer), throttle or pedal position, driver configured inputs, and other data needed to determine the proper time for shifting the manual transmission. In step 41, a check is made to determine whether the driver should shift to the next gear (e.g., up or down). If not, then the controller continues to monitor the data in step 40. If a recommended shift time has occurred, then a check is made in step 42 to determine whether the driver's hand is on the shift knob (e.g., by checking the output of the knob-mounted sensor). If the hand is present, then the haptic feedback is energized for a predetermined period of time in step 43. Depending on the configuration, the auditory feedback may also be generated in step 43. If the hand is not present on the shift knob, then only an auditory feedback can be optionally generated in step 44. After generating the feedback in steps 43 or 44, the method returns to step 40 for further monitoring.
Based on the invention, a typical sequence of events is as shown in FIG. 7. At 50, vehicle data is constantly being received. At 51, the in-vehicle computer (e.g., powertrain control module) determines that the driver should execute a shift. At 52, the vibration source in the shift knob is turned on for a short time. As a result, the driver feels the haptic, tactile signal at 53. At 54, the driver accordingly upshifts or downshifts at the correct moment without having to direct their vision away from the external environment or road.
Patent Grant
9163718
