Patent Application
20220296939
The present disclosure relates to head covering devices.
Head covering devices (HCDs) on the market, such as helmets, are typically designed for some type of injury prevention. For example, personal protection equipment (PPE) for the head is commonly construction helmets or welder's helmets. Recreational protective head gear includes motorcycle helmets and sports helmets such as helmets for skiers, bikers, mountain climbers, baseball, and football players. Other types of HCDs include protection equipment such as splash shields and filters for firefighters, policemen, HAZMAT specialists, health care workers, and other first responders. In many cases, the HCDs are heavy, bulky and can be uncomfortable.
One aspect of the present invention is a device for filtering air for a user comprising a rigid component comprising a transparent face shield that provides a space for air between an inside surface of the face shield and the user's face, an intake port, through which air enters the device, an exhaust port, through which air exits the device, a fabric component affixed to the rigid component that, combined with the rigid component, covers the user's head and seals around the user's neck, an intake filter that filters air passing through the intake port, an exhaust filter that filters air passing through the exhaust port, and an air mover held by the rigid component that moves air through the intake port and out the exhaust port.
In another aspect of the invention, the rigid component further comprises an oval-shaped frame to which the transparent face shield is attached. The fabric component can be releasably attached by stretching around the frame. The fabric component may comprise an elastic band to facilitate stretching around the frame.
In a still further aspect, the fabric component further comprises a drawstring to facilitate forming a seal around the user's neck.
In a yet still further aspect, a portion of the fabric component comprises that does not cover the rigid frame is substantially impermeable to air. Another portion of the fabric component may cover the air mover, and wherein the other portion of the fabric component is permeable to air.
In another aspect, the fabric component has sufficient elasticity to allow a user to push against and outer surface of the fabric component to scratch or dab his face without breaking the seal around the neck.
In another aspect of the invention, the air mover is a fan assembly attached to the frame. The fan may be attached with a vibration absorbing mount to reduce noise and vibration in the device. The air mover may be powered by a rechargeable battery attached to an upper portion of the frame.
In still another aspect, the face shield is in the shape of a hemi-ellipsoid.
In a still further aspect, the air mover pulls intake air from outside of the device through the intake filter and into the device, whereby exhaust air is pushed through the exhaust filter to outside of the device.
In a still yet further aspect, the air mover pulls air from inside the device through the exhaust filter to outside of the device, whereby intake airs is pulled from outside of the device through the intake filter and into the device.
One aspect of the invention is a device for filtering air for a user comprising a rigid component comprising an oval-shaped frame, a transparent face shield that provides a space for air between an inside surface of the face shield and the user's face, a first and a second intake port, through which air enters the device, a first and a second exhaust port, through which air exits the device, a fabric component affixed to the rigid component that, combined with the rigid component, covers the user's head and seals around the user's neck, first and second intake filters that filter air passing through the intake ports, first and second exhaust filters that filter air passing through the exhaust ports, and a first and second air mover disposed over either the first and second intake ports, respectively, or the first and second exhaust ports, respectively, whereby filtered air is moved into the device through the intake ports and moved out of the device through the exhaust ports.
In another still yet further aspect, the first and second intake filters and the first and second exhaust filters are provided in filter cartridges. The filter cartridges may be releasably attached to an inner surface of the frame, to thereby facilitate replacement of the filter cartridges.
In another aspect of the invention, the first intake port is adjacent the first exhaust port, where the second intake port is adjacent the second exhaust port, wherein the first intake filter is combined in a single cartridge with the first exhaust filter, and wherein the second intake filter is combined in a single cartridge with the second exhaust filter.
In still another aspect, the combined surface areas of the intake and exhaust filters is greater than 200 inch2.
In a still further aspect, the device further comprising an elastic band that connects to one side of the device, goes behind the head of the user inside of the fabric component, and connects to the other side of the device to better secure the device to the head of the user.
Further aspects and embodiments are provided in the following drawings, detailed description, and claims. Unless specified otherwise, the features as described herein are combinable and all such combinations are within the scope of this disclosure.
The following drawings are provided to illustrate certain embodiments described herein. The drawings are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of claimed inventions and are not intended to show every potential feature or embodiment of the claimed inventions. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale; in some instances, certain elements of the drawing may be enlarged with respect to other elements of the drawing for purposes of illustration.
Embodiments of methods, materials and processes described herein are directed towards head covering devices. Head covering devices, also referred to as personal protection headwear, can be used to provide a filtered air environment to a user to prevent a user from being infected with a contagious disease. Head covering devices may also filter the exhaust air to prevent a user from spreading a contagious disease.
Head covering devices disclosed herein include a rigid component and a flexible component combined to completely cover the head of a user. The rigid component includes a frame and a transparent face shield. The flexible component includes a fabric that seals around the neck of a user. The disclosure herein describes various designs and components including air movers and air filters to filter the air entering the device and the air being exhausted from the device.
The following description recites various aspects and embodiments of the inventions disclosed herein. No particular embodiment is intended to define the scope of the invention. Rather, the embodiments provide non-limiting examples of various compositions, and methods that are included within the scope of the claimed inventions. The description is to be read from the perspective of one of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, information that is well known to the ordinarily skilled artisan is not necessarily included.
The following terms and phrases have the meanings indicated below, unless otherwise provided herein. This disclosure may employ other terms and phrases not expressly defined herein. Such other terms and phrases shall have the meanings that they would possess within the context of this disclosure to those of ordinary skill in the art. In some instances, a term or phrase may be defined in the singular or plural. In such instances, it is understood that any term in the singular may include its plural counterpart and vice versa, unless expressly indicated to the contrary.
As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, reference to “a substituent” encompasses a single substituent as well as two or more substituents, and the like.
As used herein, “for example,” “for instance,” “such as,” or “including” are meant to introduce examples that further clarify more general subject matter. Unless otherwise expressly indicated, such examples are provided only as an aid for understanding embodiments illustrated in the present disclosure and are not meant to be limiting in any fashion. Nor do these phrases indicate any kind of preference for the disclosed embodiment.
As used herein, the term “user” refers to any individual who uses an HCD.
As used herein, the term “filter,” as a noun, refers to a device, typically composed of fibrous or porous materials which removes unwanted components, usually in the form of particulates, such as dust, pollen, mold, viruses, and bacteria, from air. Filters containing an adsorbent or catalyst, such as charcoal (carbon), may also remove odors and gaseous pollutants such as volatile organic compounds or ozone. Air filters are generally used in applications where air quality is important. As a verb, “filter” refers to the act of removing particles from air.
As used herein, the term “transparent” is used in its normal sense, that is the property of allowing light to pass through so that behind can be distinctly seen therethrough. The transparent components described and defined below are preferably clear, but may be tinted, in whole or in part.
The term “negative air flow” is used to indicate that, in accordance with embodiments of the invention, air is actively pulled inside the HCD through an intake filter by an air mover and the air is exhausted out an exhaust filter.
The term “positive air flow” is used to indicate that, in accordance with embodiments of the invention, air is actively pulled inside the HCD by an air mover through an intake filter in the air mover and exhausted through an exhaust filter.
The term “neutral air flow” is used to indicate that, in accordance with embodiments of the invention, a substantially static flow of air is maintained in the HCD. The air flow into and out of the HCD is controlled by the breathing in and breathing out of the user.
As used herein, the term “thermoelectric cooler” refers to cooling devices that operate on the principle of the Peltier effect. A thermoelectric cooler may also be used for temperature control for both heating and cooling depending upon how it is arranged in a device.
As used herein, the term “Peltier effect” refers to the effect that creates a temperature difference by transferring heat between two electrical junctions. A voltage is applied across joined conductors to create an electric current. When the current flows through the junctions of the two conductors, heat is removed at one junction and cooling occurs. Heat is deposited at the other junction. The main application of the Peltier effect is cooling, though the Peltier effect can also be used for heating or control of temperature.
As used herein, the terms “energy recovery device” and “heat recovery device” refers to a device that operates on the basis of air-to-air exchange theory where two air-streams in contact and passing in opposite directions transfers heat/energy between the two air-streams.
As used herein, the term “phase-change material” or “PCM” refers to materials that use the heat of crystallization, melting or some other phase change to thereby either store heat in a predetermined temperature range or release heat in a predetermined lower temperature range.
As used herein, the term “polarizer” is an optical filter that lets light waves of a specific polarization pass through while blocking light waves of other polarizations. A polarizer can filter a beam of light of undefined or mixed polarization into a beam of well-defined polarization, that is polarized light.
As used herein, the term “photochromic” refers to a device or system where the optical properties change on exposure to light having a predetermined property, most commonly ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Most commonly, an optical lens changes from an optically transparent state to a darkened state upon exposure to UV radiation. When the UV radiation is removed, the lens returns to a clear state.
As used herein, the term “electrochromic” is where optical properties such as optical transmission, absorption, reflectance and/or emittance can be controlled in a reversible manner upon, application of an electrical energy, such as a voltage bias.
As used herein, the term “optical head-mounted display” (OHMD) refers to a wearable device that has the capability of reflecting projected images as well as allowing the user to see through the display, similar to augmented reality technology.
As used herein, the term “augmented reality” (AR) refers an interactive experience of a real-world environment where the objects that reside in the real world are enhanced by computer-generated perceptual information, sometimes across multiple sensory modalities, including visual, auditory, haptic, somatosensory and olfactory. AR can be defined as a system that fulfills three basic features: a combination of real and virtual worlds, real-time interaction, and accurate 3D registration of virtual and real objects.
As used herein, the term “hook-and-loop fastener” which is commonly referred to as “Velcro” refers to two components: typically, two lineal fabric strips (or, alternatively, round “dots” or squares) which are attached (sewn or otherwise adhered) to the opposing surfaces to be fastened. The first component features tiny hooks, the second features smaller loops. When the two are pressed together the hooks catch in the loops and the two pieces fasten or bind temporarily. When separated, by pulling or peeling the two surfaces apart, the strips make a distinctive “ripping” sound.
As used herein, the term “proximity sensor” refers to a sensor that is able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. A proximity sensor often emits an electromagnetic field or a beam of electromagnetic radiation (infrared, for instance), and looks for changes in the field or return signal. The object being sensed is often referred to as the proximity sensor's target. Different proximity sensor targets demand different sensors. For example, a capacitive proximity sensor or photoelectric sensor might be suitable for a plastic target; an inductive proximity sensor always requires a metal target. Other types of proximity sensors include capacitive displacement sensor, Doppler effect sensor, magnetic sensor, reflective sensor, photoelectric sensor, laser rangefinder sensor, thermal infrared sensor, radar sensor, ionizing radiation sensor, ultrasonic sensor, fiber optics sensor, or a Hall effect sensor.
As used herein, the term “QR (quick response) code” refers to a type of matrix barcode (or two-dimensional barcode) first designed in 1994 for the automotive industry in Japan. A barcode is a machine-readable optical label that contains information about the item to which it is attached. In practice, QR codes often contain data for a locator, identifier, or tracker that points to a website or application. A QR code uses four standardized encoding modes (numeric, alphanumeric, byte/binary, and kanji) to store data efficiently; extensions may also be used. A QR code consists of black squares arranged in a square grid on a white background, which can be read by an imaging device such as a camera and processed using Reed—Solomon error correction until the image can be appropriately interpreted. The required data is then extracted from patterns that are present in both horizontal and vertical components of the image.
As used herein, the term “occupational noise” refers to the amount of acoustic energy received by an employee's auditory system when they are working in the industry. Occupational noise, or industrial noise, is often a term used in occupational safety and health, as sustained exposure can cause permanent hearing damage. Occupational noise is considered an occupational hazard traditionally linked to loud industries such as ship-building, mining, railroad work, welding, and construction, but can be present in any workplace where hazardous noise is present.
As used herein, the term “noise cancelling” refers to earpieces or headphones that utilize active noise control (ANC), which is also known as noise cancellation (NC), to reduce unwanted noises and sound by the addition of a second sound specifically designed to cancel the first.
As used herein, the term “night vision device” which is also known as “night vision goggles”, refers to an optoelectronic device that allows images to be produced in levels of light approaching total darkness. The image may be a conversion to visible light of both visible light and near-infrared, while by convention detection of thermal infrared is denoted thermal imaging.
The present disclosure relates to HCDs to provide a controlled and comfortable environment to a user. Users may need a controlled environment due to various health-related reasons such as to protect those with respiratory ailments, compromised immune systems, advanced age, from airborne contagion. The same protection may also be needed for the protection of health care providers. Alternatively, such devices may be desirable to use in harsh environments, such as extreme cold or heat, or environments with high levels of suspended particulate, such as dust. Still further, such devices may also be desirable to protect the user from harsh noise environments. The present disclosure illustrates embodiments of HCDs that include an air mover.
In various exemplary embodiments, the HCD includes a rigid component and fabric component that when combined, completely cover the head of a user and seals around the neck of the user. In various exemplary embodiments, the fabric component comprises a portion that is permeable to air and a portion that is impermeable to air. An air mover can pull air from inside the HCD and exhausts it to the environment, pull air from outside the HCD to inside the HCD and exhaust it to the environment, or maintain a neutral air flow as desired by a user. The air that passes through an inlet port to enter the HCD is filtered and an outlet port to exhaust air is also filtered.
In various exemplary embodiments, the HCD further comprises environmental and climate control components to monitor and control the air inside the HCD and to dim the face shield. The HCD may further comprise communication components to communicate with other users. The HCD disclosed herein may further include vibration isolating air movers to reduce noise inside the HCD.
The following embodiments relate to a variable flow head covering device (VFHCD) capable of negative, positive, or neutral air flow to provide a comfortable and controlled environment for a user.
Frame 1504 may be constructed from a rigid polymer or metal or a combination thereof. The polymer may comprise fiberglass, carbon fiber, graphene, polyamide, polycarbonate (PC), polyester, high density or low density polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), phenolic, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), maleimide, bismaleimide, polyetherimide, polyimide, plastarch, furan, silicone, polysulfone, rubber, or a combination thereof. The frame may have a generally oval shape and circles a user's head, with a lower half passing below the user's chin and an upper half passing above a user's forehead.
The face shield 1506 is shaped as a hemi-ellipsoid and is preferably set close enough to the face of a user where the user's eyes are unable to focus on the inner surface of the face shield, and thus not interfere with the vision of the user. The face shield may be permanently attached to the frame 1504 or may be detachable from frame. If permanently attached, this may be accomplished by using an adhesive, thermal welding, or some other means. If detachable, the face shield may be held securely to the frame using an attaching device, such as a hook and loop fastener (Velcro®), clamps, clasps, magnets, screws, or other means.
The face shield may have a thickness in the range of about 0.05-0.25 inches. In the depicted embodiment, the face shield 108 has a thickness of about 0.125 inches. The face shield may be constructed from materials that are approved for impact resistance by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The face shield may be double-walled, preferably with a vacuum therebetween, for extra insulation. The face shield may comprise a scratch resistant coating or layer on the inner and/or outer surface to prevent abrasions or other damage. The face shield may comprise an anti-fogging coating on the inner or outer surface. A replaceable protective layer may be placed over the outer surface of the face shield. Naturally, the replaceable protective layer should comprise a transparent polymer.
A top portion of the transparent face shield may extend above a user's eyes, a bottom portion extends below the user's mouth and a first and second side portion extend beyond the user's side peripheral vision. The top portion of face shield may extend above a user's forehead and the bottom portion extends below the user's chin.
In a preferred embodiment, face shield 1506 is a rigid transparent polymer or glass. The polymer may comprise an acrylic such as polymethylmethacrylate. The polymer may comprise polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate, glycol modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG), or cellulose acetate butyrate or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the face shield is made from a laminate of polymeric films, each contributing to the structural or optical properties of the face shield. As an example, one layer of the laminate may be included to provide shatter resistance.
In some embodiments, the face shield further comprises an area in the line of sight for a user that provides eye correction and improved vision. The VFHCD may be able to project images on the internal surface of the face shield. For example, the VFHCD may be capable of AR fora user.
In other embodiments, the transparent face shield further comprises a mechanical wiper and motor to clear debris from the front surface of the face shield. In still other embodiments, the transparent face shield further comprises a vibrator to vibrate the face shield to clear debris from the front surface of the face shield. The vibrator may be an ultrasonic vibrator or a pneumatic hammer.
As depicted, the fabric component 1508 is comprised of a single sheet of fabric. The single sheet of fabric, together with the transparent face shield and the frame, cover a user's entire head and a lower portion of the single sheet of fabric encircles the user's neck and forms a seal therewith. The fabric component comprises a drawstring 1512 to tighten around the neck of a user for better sealing properties. In some embodiments, it is preferred to include buttons on the drawstrings to hold the drawstrings in the tightened position. The drawstring is to facilitate the fabric component forming a seal around the user's neck. Alternatively, the single sheet of fabric may possess enough stretch to allow the device to be placed over the user's head while leaving the lower portion of the single sheet of fabric intact and still capable of forming a seal around the user's neck.
The fabric component shown in
The fabric component 1508 may comprise two or more layers. For example, the air impermeable portion may comprise an inner softer second sheet of fabric located between the air impermeable portion and the skin of the user. The inner sheet may be soft, washable and absorbent.
The fabric component further comprises an access 1514. The access allows a user to access the controls to the device located on the frame underneath the fabric. The access may be a flap that can be opened and closed and secured shut with a zipper, hook and loop fastener, button, or other method. The access may be located anywhere on the fabric on the periphery of the frame.
In some embodiments, the fabric component or portion may comprise a small foam block or insert that a user can use to scratch their noses without having to remove the VFHCD. The foam block or insert may be mounted on the face shield or on the frame. In other embodiments, the fabric component comprises finger sockets that protrude into the facial area of the VFHCD. Finger sockets allow a user to insert their fingers without compromising the environment inside the VFHCD but yet allow the user to scratch or rub an itch. The fabric component may be baggy and stretchable enough for a user to scratch their nose or dab their face without breaking the seal around the user's neck.
As shown in
Also shown in the VFHCD in
Mounted to the frame is an air mover 1530. The air mover may be a fan or other air moving device as previously described herein. In this embodiment, the air mover may be located near the mouth of a user or may be mounted at any other location on the frame. The frame may comprise one or more air moving devices. The air mover moves air into or out of a port in the frame. The air mover is powered by one or more batteries in a battery pack 1532 that is also mounted to the frame. The battery pack may be mounted at any location on the frame, such as the upper portion of the frame.
The VFHCD further comprises a filter assembly 1534 located on the inside of the frame. In other embodiments, the filter assembly may be located on the outside of the frame. The filter assembly further comprises a filter 1536. The filter assembly can be connected to the frame by hook-and-loop fasteners, clips, snaps, channels, or other mechanism. In a preferred embodiment, the filter assembly can be reversibly removed or attached to the frame. The VFHCD may comprise two or more filter assemblies. The filter is to filter incoming air or outgoing air from inside the device.
As illustrated in
In some embodiments, the air movers may comprise a pressure sensor and a processor receiving input from the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor and processor can be adapted to increase or decrease power to the air mover to thereby regulate the pressure inside the head covering device. In some instances, the user may desire to have neutral air flow in addition to negative or positive air flow. The sensor and processor may be used to control and regulate the desired air flow.
In some embodiments, the inlet port or exhaust port further comprises filter covers to reduce noise entering or exiting the VFHCD 1500. In some embodiments, the fans may be attached with a resilient mount to the frame to reduce noise and vibration.
The filters 1536 located over the air inlet and outlet ports are pleated. This increases the surface are of the filter to increase filtering efficiency and to prevent air flow from being restricted. The surface area of the filters in the device may be greater than 50 inch2. In other embodiments, the surface area of the filters in the device may be greater than 100 inch2. In a preferred embodiment, the surface area of the filters in the device may be greater than 200 inch2. In other embodiments, the filters may not be pleated.
The inlet filter is adapted to block the passage of a virus, bacteria, smog, noxious gas, poisonous gas, smoke, or a combination thereof, to purify the incoming air for a user. The outlet filter may also filter the exhaust air. This is beneficial if a user has an infectious disease which would prevent non-wearers of the VFHCD from being infected. This device could be used in a hospital, nursing home, or other facility by an infected nurse, doctor, or other health care worker without the risk of infecting the patients that they are treating that may have compromised immune systems. The filters can be readily changed depending on the environment where the device is being used. In a preferred embodiment, the filter is a HEPA filter.
Also shown in
The filter assemblies further comprise a tab 1552. The tab may be used to grab and pull the filter assembly off the hook and loop fastener strips and away from the frame. The filter assemblies have a radius of curvature similar to the radius of curvature of the frame in order to form a uniform distance along the length of the filter assembly between the filter assembly and the frame.
The filter assembly further comprises a gasket 1556. The gasket is preferably a soft and flexible material that can form a seal between the filter assembly and the surface of the frame. The gasket may comprise a foam rubber-like material. The gasket can be designed to form a first area 1558 and a second area 1560 wherein the first area is divided from the second area. The first area covers an inlet port and the second area covers an outlet port in the frame. The gasket can substantially prevent inlet air from entering an outlet port and outlet air from entering the inlet port.
The filter assembly further comprises an attaching device to attach the filter assembly to the inner surface of the frame. In a preferred embodiment as illustrated in
The following embodiments illustrate alternative locations for the fans in a variable flow head covering device (VFHCD).
In this embodiment, the fans 1612 are moved towards the top of the frame near the battery pack. In the VFHCD 1500 embodiment they are near the mouth of the user. By moving the fans toward the top of the frame, the weight distribution of the device is improved in the VFHCD 1600 embodiment.
The following embodiments describe a design of a VFHCD with a face shield that can easily be opened and closed for access to the face of a user.
In other embodiments, the moveable joint may be located at the bottom of the face shield and connected to the bottom of the frame. The moveable joint may be located on either side of the face shield such that the face shield can be opened from the right or left of the user. Preferably, the VFHCD 1650 includes a latch or other locking means, such as magnets, to keep the face shield in place when not opened.
The following embodiments describe systems and methods to provide a controlled temperature and breathing environment within an HCD by conditioning the air within the HCD with an environmental control component. The environmental control component can control the air flow, temperature, or humidity or a combination thereof within the device.
The pocket may further comprise a thermoelectric cooler. The thermoelectric cooler may be designed to heat or cool incoming air 1706 for the user 1708. The thermoelectric cooler may be combined with a heat exchanger device to increase efficiency of heat transfer between incoming and exhaust air. The thermoelectric cooler may be used to control the temperature of the air to prevent fogging on the face shield 1710 or humidity build-up in the VFHCD. The inner surface of the face shield may comprise an anti-fogging layer. The thermoelectric cooler may operate on the principle of the Peltier effect.
The pocket may comprise an energy recovery or heat recovery device. Such a device would heat incoming intake air with outgoing exhaust air in order to maintain a comfortable environment within the VFHCD as described herein. The pocket may also contain an energy recovery device.
The pocket may comprise a sensor that detects one or more harmful or poisonous gases as the gases enter the VFHCD. The harmful gases may include CO2, CO, NOR, radon, or methanethiol. The pocket 1702 may also contain one or more sensors.
The depicted VFHCD further includes a water reservoir in the pocket. The water reservoir acts as a water source to the neck fabric wherein the water may be wicked by the neck fabric to provide evaporative cooling for the user to provide cooling to the neck area and cool air to breathe.
The VFHCD described herein may comprise a compartment containing a chilled mass such as ice. Incoming air is cooled as it passes over the ice and into the device. As the ice melts, the water is evaporated as the air passes over which can provide a further mode of cooling.
In some embodiments, a pocket may be located inside the fabric component 1704 or inside the VFHCD.
Air flow in the VFHCD embodiment in
The VFHCD described herein may further include a fluid atomizer or mister. The atomizer may use water in the water reservoir to provide a mist of water inside a VFHCD. A VFHCD described herein may further include an environmental control device that can be used by a user to control the temperature inside the device by raising or lowering the temperature. The environmental control device may further comprise a source of water vapor to increase the humidity of the air inside the device.
The VFHCD described herein may further include a heater. The heater can heat the air inside a VFHCD. The heater may be an electric resistive heater. The VFHCD described herein may further include a chiller to chill the air inside a VFHCD.
In some embodiments, the fabric components described herein may comprise a phase-change material, such as that deployed in high-end sport clothing. The phase-change material, which may be encapsulated in the fabric of the VFHCD or held in reservoirs elsewhere in the VFHCD, works by reversibly storing and releasing heat at pre-defined temperature ranges. In the most common example, the phase change material is used to retain heat in a device designed to be used in sub-zero environments. The material, such as a paraffin or lipid, melts when in an environment with a temperature above a certain point. This melting is endothermic, so the melting cools the inside of the device. When the device is in a colder environment, the material solidifies, e.g., crystallizes, which is an exothermic process, thus warming the inside of the device.
Another temperature-affecting technology that may be incorporated into the impermeable fabric portion 1712 is one that is designed to wick perspiration away from the user. As that perspiration evaporates, the user is cooled thereby. One commercial example of such technology is available from Arctic Cool® in their products sold as HydroFreeze™.
In other embodiments, the VFHCD further comprises a compressor to provide heating or cooling to the device. The compressor may be held in a backpack worn by the user. Preferably, the compressor provides heating or cooling directly to the neck area of the user. The compressor may comprise a 24V DC compressor. Alternatively, the compressor heats and/or cools the air as it is brought into the device.
A VFCD described herein may further include a multi-speed air moving system. The multi-speed air moving system may be a dual speed fan. If a pre-set environmental threshold or parameter is exceeded within the HCD, such as temperature or humidity, the air moving system increases to a higher speed to improve the environment by increasing air flow within the HCD. The air mover may be adjusted continually to maintain a desired target atmosphere in the device.
A VFHCD described herein may include one or more sensors to provide filter end of useful life alerts to the user based on at least one of age of the filter, increased head pressure on the filter and optical readings indicating a dirty filter.
In some embodiments, wearable electronics may be embedded in the neck fabrics, frame, air moving device, or face shield to provide environmental and thermal monitoring within the devices described herein. The wearable electronics may also monitor the temperature, air flow, and air conditions inside the device. The electronics may be powered by the power source used for the air moving device or a separate power source may be used. The electronics may include one or more sensors may be included to detect for air leaks around the fabric portion sealed around the neck area.
The following embodiments include a communication component or hardware with a VFHCD. This communication hardware is used to provide audio and/or video capabilities for the user in a VFHCD. As such the communication hardware facilitates communication with other people who may or may not be wearing an HCD, as well as news, alerts, weather, entertainment, and other services to the user. The communication hardware may also facilitate communication with a smart device such as a smart phone, tablet, or wearable.
VFHCD 1800 embodiment may further comprise a microphone 1818. The microphone can be used to capture audio signals outside the device. The microphone can be mounted on the face shield and could be wired or use wireless technology. One microphone may be mounted on a rigid component inside of the VFHCD and a speaker mounted on a rigid component outside of the VFHCD. This allows for easy and clear communication to others of the outside world. The microphone may be a voice activated microphone. The VFHCD may be equipped with Bluetooth® technology to allow for making and receiving phone calls or streaming to a device for music, video, etc such as with a smart phone or wearable smart device. Device to device audio connections could be privately paired, or public according to signal strength. This way, other users nearby will only be heard according to distance, like normal audio. The VFHCD may further comprise a speaker with an amplifier to amplify outside sounds or amplify the voice of the user to others outside. The VFHCD may further comprise a cellphone system utilizing speakers and a microphone. The communication hardware may comprise speakers to provide audio signals to the user and a microphone to capture sounds outside the device and an audio signal processor configured to process input from the microphone and provide noise-cancelling audio signals to the user through the speakers.
In some embodiments, a passive, non-electronic device may be used to enhance the hearing of a user of a VFHCD. For example, an “ear-outside-ear” type device may be used. An ear trumpet-like device may be used that is located near where the ears of the user would be located in the VFHCD and would penetrate and pass through the face shield or frame but would further comprise a membrane or diaphragm to add in transmitting sound but also prevent unfiltered air from entering or leaving the device.
The VFHCD 1800 may further comprise a universal serial bus (USB) port, of any type, or any other type of data and/or charging port.
The VFHCD may further comprise a video display such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display or an electrophoretic reflective display. Alternatively, the display may be formed by images projected onto a surface, such as the inside surface of the face shield. The display may be mounted on the other inner or outer surface of the face shield such that the display is not in the direct view of the user. The video display provides images for augmented reality, way-finding, Global Positioning System (GPS), maps, or environmental warnings.
The displays may be in the form of an optical head-mounted display (OHMD) 1820 that is mounted on the face shield. The OHMD (1820) may be “smart glasses” such as Google Glass or Apple Glass. An HCD described herein may comprise a holographic projection system to project a display onto the inner surface of the face shield. Any of the communication hardware devices described herein may be powered by a power source such as a battery pack mounted on the VFHCD or in the frame of the VFHCD. A solar cell can be used to charge the power source.
In some embodiments, the video displays may be used for gaming applications. The VFHCD may be integrated with a gaming console for a user to play E sports, adventure, or other games while wearing the device.
In some embodiments, the VFHCD may comprise a night vision device. The device may be slid down over the eyes and may be located inside or outside of the face shield. In some instances, the night vision device may be a stationary device mounted to the frame or face shield. In this instance, the VFHCD may only be used for night vision purposes.
The VFHCD may further comprise an antenna. The antenna may be used to pick up radio and other frequencies. The antenna may be sewed into the fabric component, coated onto the face shield, or inside the frame, or incorporated into the device in any manner. The antenna may be used to communicate with other users of an VFHCD.
The VFHCD may comprise one or more lights in the VFHCD. The lights may be LEDs and are to provide a lighted atmosphere for the user. This is particularly useful in dimly lit conditions inside or at night. In a preferred embodiment, the one or more lights are situated inside and at the top of the VFHCD though the lights may be located throughout the device. The lights may be configured to direct light rays in front of the face of the user. The lights may also be needed to indicate the presence of a user. One or more lights may be located on an outer surface of the device. This would be beneficial if using the device at night and act as a headlight for other to be able to see the user. The internal lights may be helpful for someone to view the face of the user in dimly lit environments.
A VFHCD described herein may further include a multi-speed air moving system. The multi-speed air moving system may be a dual speed fan. If a pre-set environmental threshold is exceeded within the VFHCD, such as temperature or humidity, the air moving system increases to a higher speed to improve the environment by increasing air flow within the device.
In some embodiments, the VFHCD comprises an audible alert to provide warnings to the user.
In some embodiments, the VFHCD further comprises an external electronically switchable display to display text or images to people who approach the user. This may be for users who are deaf.
The following embodiments relate to air movers that automatically start when a user places a VFHCD over their head. The air mover automatically turns off when the user removes the VFHCD. The air mover may also adjust according to a pre-determined threshold.
When the VFHCD 1850 is placed on the head of a user, the lever is depressed and pushed into the resting pad (such as a resting pad cavity) or other location so that it is not uncomfortable to a user. By depressing the lever, the pressure switch completes an electrical circuit such that power from battery pack comprising one or more batteries or other power source provides an electrical current to an air moving device, such as a fan 1860. The air mover then automatically turns on. When a user removes the device from their head, the lever is extended by the spring which breaks the electrical circuit between the air mover and power source which automatically shuts down the air mover.
VFHCD 1850 preferably comprises one or more sensors 1862. The sensor can detect the head of a user and sends a signal to turn on the air mover. The sensor may be a temperature sensor, pulse rate sensor, IR sensor, optical sensor, humidity sensor, proximity sensor, motion sensor, skin moisture sensor, force sensor, or a biometric sensor. Upon detection of the head of the user placing the device on, the automatic air mover turns on. This may be done by measuring the temperature of a user or a proximity sensor of a nearby object, such as the head of a user. When the device is removed, the sensor no longer detects the head of a user and the air mover then turns off. The sensor may be located anywhere within the VFHCD, such as on the face shield 1864, in the frame 1866.
The sensor may detect a change in the biometric data of a user which may be relayed to a controller. The controller would then adjust the air flow from an air mover until a pre-determined biometric data target is reached. The biometric data may include skin temperature, pulse rate, skin moisture, or oxygen saturation. A processor may also be combined to process the signals from the sensors.
The VFHCD may further comprise a controller that is configured to adjust the rate at which the air mover moves air. A sensor detects the air flow. When the air flow falls below a pre-determined threshold of air flow, the sensor relays the information to a controller that adjusts the rate of air flow from an air mover. The air mover increases the air flow until the threshold is reached. In some instances, the air flow may rise above a pre-determined threshold such that the controller decreases the air flow. The VFHCD further comprises a sensor for generating signals indicative of at least one of air pressure, ambient temperature, body temperature, skin moisture, blood oxygen saturation, respiration rate and pulse rate, and a processor for processing signals from the sensor and providing instructions to the controller to adjust the rate of the air mover according to predetermined parameters.
The HCD may further comprise a communication module for receiving signals relating to at least one of air pressure, ambient temperature, body temperature, skin moisture, blood oxygen saturation, respiration rate and pulse rate, and a processor for processing signals from the communication module and providing instructions to the controller to adjust the rate of the air mover according to predetermined parameters. The communication module is configured to receive signals from the user's smart device. The device is configured to communicate with an app running on a user's smart device, which app is configured to provide alerts to the user and to allow the user to adjust the rate of the air mover. The communication module is configured to receive signals from the user's wearable smart device.
The VFHCD may further comprise a sensor for generating signals indicative of the concentration of oxygen, and a processor for processing signals from the sensor and providing instructions to the controller to increase the rate of the air mover when the oxygen concentration of oxygen falls below a predetermined level. The device further comprises a user warning system, configured to alert the user when the concentration of oxygen falls below the predetermined level.
The VFHCD further comprises a sensor for generating signals indicative of the concentration of carbon dioxide, and a processor for processing signals from the sensor and providing instructions to the controller to increase the rate of the air mover when the concentration of carbon dioxide rises above a predetermined level. The device further comprises a user warning system, configured to alert the user when the concentration of carbon dioxide rises above the predetermined level. The device further comprises a second sensor for generating signals indicative of the concentration of oxygen, and wherein the processor processes signals from the sensor and the second sensor and provides instructions to increase the rate of the air mover when either the concentration of carbon dioxide rises above a predetermined level or the concentration of oxygen falls below a second predetermined level.
The VFHCD may further comprise two or more electrodes. The electrodes may be located in the fabric 1868, in the resting pad 1854, or elsewhere in the device where the skin of the user comes into contact with the electrodes. By coming into contact with the electrodes, the circuit is closed and a current is able to pass. This current is detected by a sensor that initiates the starting of the air mover.
In some embodiments, the air moving device may be combined with a head covering device that comprises a flip-up shield. The flip-up shield may be connected by a hinge to the frame, as previously illustrated herein in
The following embodiments include a shroud-like component that can at least partially cover the transparent face shield in a VFHCD when a user desires to have a darkened environment to relax, sleep, or for enhanced privacy. In some embodiments, the shroud completely covers the transparent face shield, while in others, the shroud only partially covers the transparent face shield, so as to provide privacy, while allowing some light inside the device.
The shroud 1902 further comprises an opening 1906 so that the head of a user or a user wearing a VFHCD can pass. The opening comprises a flap 1908 that can be closed when the user is not using the VFHCD. In a preferred embodiment, the flap may be held shut using hook and loop fastener pads but may also be a zipper, clasps, laces, or buttons.
The shroud 1900 further comprises one or more openings 1910 for intake or exhaust air. The openings allow air to pass through to and away from the shroud, through the VFHCD and to the user wearing the VFHCD. The air openings preferably are a mesh material that minimally restricts air flow. The openings allow unrestricted air flow by one or more air moving devices in the VFHCD while a user safely relaxes or sleeps.
The shroud further comprises one or more optional handles 1912. The handles are to provide a way for a user to carry the device when stored or toted in the shroud. The shroud further protects the face shield 1914 from getting scratched or damaged.
The following embodiments describe a fabric for use in the fabric component of a variable flow head covering device (VFHCD) that is removable, washable, the materials of construction can be modified, and the appearance is customizable by a user.
The appearance of the WFC is also customizable by a user.
The WFC may comprise an absorbent material. The absorbent material can soak up a liquid spill. The absorbent material may comprise linen, cotton, modal fabric, rayon, wool, French terry toweling fabric, fleece, bamboo fabric, sponge, microfiber, hydrogel, plush fabric, hemp, or flannel.
The WFC may comprise a port for access to the mouth or nose area of a user. The port may be a diaphragm. The port can allow a straw to pass through while maintaining a seal to prevent air leakage.
The WFC comprises a securing device 1958 to secure the fabric around the neck of a user. The securing device may be stretchable to seal. The securing device may be a stretchable hem, stretchable band, or a drawstring as shown in
The WFC 1950 may comprise a stretchable backing. The stretchable backing acts as an expandable opening for ease of opening and ease of placement over the head of a user. The stretchable backing is expandable while the rest of the fabric may be stiff and non-stretchable. The stretchable backing may comprise a stretchable silicone material. The silicone backing material may comprise a spring steel strip to provide tension to secure the HCD in place on the head of a user.
The following embodiments describe designs and methods to filter electromagnetic radiation hitting the face shield from a user wearing a variable flow head covering device (VFHCD).
Face shield 2002 may comprise a photochromic layer. The photochromic layer reversibly darkens in the presence of UV radiation, such as from sunlight. The photochromic layer reversibly darkens in the presence of UV-A light (wavelengths of 320-400 nm). The photochromic layer reversibly darkens in the presence of both UVA and UVB light. The photochromic layer comprises an inorganic material such as AgCl. The photochromic layer comprises an organic material such as an oxazine or a napthopyran-based material. The photochromic layer may comprise the material used in Transitions® lenses.
The face shield may comprise a polarizing filter layer. The polarizing layer may be a linear polarizer or circular polarizer. The polarizing layer may be tuned to filter visible, UV, IR, radio waves, microwaves, or X-rays.
The face shield may comprise an electrochromic layer. The electrochromic layer comprises an inorganic material such as WO3. The electrochromic layer comprises an organic material such as a conducting polymer or a viologen-based material. The conducting polymer may be a polyaniline, polythiophene, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), or a polypyrrole-based polymer, or combinations thereof.
In some embodiments, a moveable visor may be used instead of a permanent EMR filtering layer on the face shield. Such a visor can be mounted either on the inside or on the outside of the face shield. In either event, the moveable visor may be slid across the face shield. The visor is moveable and can be moved to overlap at least a portion or all of the face shield. The moveable visor may be opaque to all EMR. The moveable visor may be tuned to be opaque to only select wavelengths or ranges of wavelengths such as UV, visible, IR, X-rays, or microwaves. At least a portion of the transparent face shield is opaque to ultra-violet (UV) radiation. The moveable visor may be part of the frame wherein the visor may be slid up and down or side to side over the face shield. In other embodiments a detachable visor may be used to block specific wavelengths of light. The detachable visor may be attached and unattached with a device such as hook and loop fastener, buttons, clips, screws, or other mechanism. The visor may be on the inside or outside of the face shield.
Safety Features for a Variable Flow Head Covering Device (VFHCD)
The following embodiments describe a variable flow head covering device (VFHCD) with safety features to protect a user from harm where the risk of injury is high.
VFHCD 2100 in
In some embodiments, the hard hat or VFHCD further comprises one or more optional sensors 2114. The sensors are preferably located around the perimeter of the hard hat 2102 or at various locations in the frame of the HCD 2100. The VFHCD or hard hat further comprises compartments 2116 where the sensor electronics are located. In some embodiments, the sensor electronics may be located inside the hard hat or inside the frame 2108 of the VFHCD.
Various types of sensors may be used. One or more sensors can be configured to detect either an environmental condition or a condition of the user. A processor may be configured to receive signals from the one or more sensors and execute a protective measure.
Various types of sensors may be used. In a preferred embodiment, one or more proximity sensors are installed in the VFHCD/hard hat embodiment. The proximity sensors can warn a user if the user is coming into close proximity to a stationary object, or a large moveable object is approaching such as a forklift or autonomous robot and detect a possible collision. The sensors may also bs used to provide a warning or signal to the person operating the heavy machinery or other large object to halt or divert their movement. The proximity sensors may also detect if a user is approaching a particularly dangerous location and other scenarios. The sensors would alert the user to the danger. Different types of audible signals or visual messages may be relayed to the user depending on the type of danger present. The sensors may also be able to wirelessly relay the location information in real-time to a central database to be tracked, monitored, and recorded, such as by a site manager. If an incident does occur, the incident can be automatically tracked and recorded and relayed to and warn other users in the industrial setting of any dangers.
The VFHCD 2100 or hard hat 2102 may comprise a unique QR code. The QR code may be scanned by a scanner or cell phone which is relayed to a monitoring system that a user is entering the industrial setting. Each user may be assigned a unique QR code. Once a user places a VFHCD and hard hat on, the movements of the user can be tracked and warned of any impending danger. The VFHCD or hard hat may comprise a GPS device to track the movements of the user. The device may also be used to communicate with other users so that user can send to or receive alerts from other users.
In the event a user is at risk of being hit with an object, the proximity sensor may detect the object and an inflatable personal airbag may be deployed from the VFHCD 2100 or hard hat 2102 to minimize any danger to the head and neck area of the user.
Face shield 2106 may further comprise a layer of a polarizing film or an electrochromic layer, or a combination thereof, on the inner or outer surface as previously disclosed herein to filter EMR. One or more sensors may be configured to detect harmful light rays and the protective measure to block the harmful light rights from harming the user's eyes. In an exemplary embodiment, the EMR filtering layer can filter light with a wavelength range of about 200-380 nm. The film may sufficiently filter UV and infrared light so that the VFHCD can be safely used by welders in fusion and pressure welding processes. The film or shield may further comprise a protective layer to protect against flash burn or sparks that may occur during welding. In an exemplary embodiment, the face shield with the EMR filtering layer is American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z87.1+ certified and compliant. The entire face shield or a portion of the face shield may be covered by an EMR film.
For further protection for welders, the filters in the VFHCD may be capable of filtering welding fumes or other toxic fumes or atmosphere. Welding fumes typically consists of visible smoke that contains harmful metal fume and gas byproducts. Welding fumes can contain a variety of metals, including aluminum, arsenic, beryllium, lead, and manganese. Argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen fluoride gases often are produced during welding. Sensors may be combined with the VFHCD to specifically detect welding byproducts. The sensors would preferably be placed inside the VFHCD near an inlet filter to detect any welding fume ingress. The sensors could give a visual or audible warning to the user. The sensors may also seal the VFHCD and provide stored safe air to the user from a canister located on the VFHCD or elsewhere on the user such as an air tank.
In some embodiments, the fabric component 2110 comprises a flame-retardant or flame-resistant textile. The fabric may be of the Marlan class of fabrics such as Marlan AL600 aluminized fabric, Marlan HV, or Marlan SX. The fabric may comprise aramid (e.g., Nomex), polybenzimidazole, melamine, coated nylon, flame-retardant cotton, carbon foam, or modacrylic.
One or more sensors may notify the user of harmful levels of noise. The noise reduction devices 2112 may be enhanced to limit the amount of occupational noise the user is exposed to in loud industrial environments and to protect the hearing ability of the user. For example, the noise reduction devices may be able to prevent the user from being exposed to noise greater than 85 decibels. The VFHCD comprises optional secondary electronic noise reduction devices 2118. The secondary electronic noise reduction devices are connected to a power source by one or more wires 2120. The electronic noise reduction devices comprise optional noise or wave cancelling earpieces adjacent to the ear canals to reduce occupational noise. A barrier may be moved over the ears of the user to block harmful sound and noise to prevent ear damage.
In some embodiments, one or more sensors are configured to detect a condition of the user selected from the group consisting of pulse rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, head orientation, closed eyes, and combinations thereof. If a condition reaches a harmful pre-determined level or conditions, an audible or visual alert may be sent to the user. Furthermore, an alert may be sent to or received from a coworker that is having a medical issue or event.
In some embodiments, the VFHCD may comprise lights 2122 for a user to see in dimly lit locations, such as in a mine or at night. The lights are able to illuminate in a forward or rearward direction. In some embodiments, the lights may further comprise a camera. The camera may face the front, the rear, or be a front and rear facing camera. The light may be connected to the frame and pass through a slit or hole in the fabric component 2110.
Smart App for Working with a Variable Flow Head Covering Device (VFHCD)
The following embodiments describes a variable flow head covering device (VFHCD) wherein the electronic functions can be controlled and monitored by a smart app on a smart device. The smart app may be compatible with smart devices, such as smart phones, tablets, and wearables. The smart app may also include natural language processing (NLP) capabilities to allow for hands-free device usage, greater accessibility for individuals with disabilities, convenience, and novelty. The smart app may have augmented reality capabilities. The smart app may include predictive analytics for a more personal and engaging experience based on past movements and activities. The smart app may utilize biometric data, GPS, or other sensory hardware to provide information about the user, their environment, and their location. The smart app can be downloaded onto a mobile device such as a wearable, tablet, laptop, or cell phone. The smart app can be downloaded onto a non-mobile device such as a desk top computer.
The VFHCD comprises a controller that may include one or more communication systems, including Bluetooth communication chips, Internet Wi-Fi transceivers, network transceivers, a wireless mesh network device such as Z-Wave network transceiver, or a combination thereof to wirelessly communicate with a smart device. The controller may be mounted in the rigid component of the VFHCD. The controller is able to control various components of the VFHCD such as the rate of the air mover, humidity level, temperature, dimming of the face shield using an electrochromic layer, audio visual and communication components such as an image or video display, microphone, or speaker on demand by the user using an app on a smart device. The smart device may be a stand-alone smart device or integrated with the rigid component of the VFHCD. The one or more communication systems may communicate by a wireless signal 2210 with at least one of external remote controllers and a cloud-based network in real-time, intermittent time, or in pre-determined time intervals and lengths of time or a combination thereof.
The one or more communication systems may receive instructions from the external remote controller, generate signals 2212 instructing components of the VFHCD to operate and to monitor the status of various components. The communications system may generate a signal 2210 informing the external remote controller of the status of at least one device in the VFHCD. In an exemplary embodiment, the remote controller is a smart device such as a tablet, wearable, or mobile phone 2202 controlled by a user 2214.
The smart device communicates to a plurality of devices within the VFHCD. The smart device may also include a wireless transmitter and wireless transceiver and have a connection to each network device of the one or more devices. The connection may include a wired or wireless interface such as Bluetooth, WIFI, mesh network or similar wireless protocol.
In some embodiments, the mobile device app may be able to monitor and control more than one HCD. At the bottom of GUI embodiment 2230, a user can touch “Add New Device” 2238 to add another VFHCD. The VFHCD could be added by a QR code located on the VFHCD or search by the name of the VFHCD. A Bluetooth verification method could be used to create a connection between the mobile phone device and the VFHCD. A QR code located on a VFHCD could also be scanned to link the VFHCD to the mobile phone app.
The app may provide alerts for any information collected by the VFHCD such as performance of the VFHCD itself or biometric data collected on the user. The alerts may be programmed and set by the user or may be set based on the age, weight, height, or other information of the user.
The app may provide alerts for information collected by safety sensors in occupational safety applications such as exterior temperature, noise level, or air quality. The app may be configured to control the temperature, air flow, volume inside of the HCD based on the ambient noise levels in occupational and non-occupational settings. Air pressure differences may also be monitored by one or more sensors and relayed to the smart device and displayed by the app.
The app may receive signals from one or more sensors to test and/or monitor fitment of the system such as the detection of leaks around the seal of the flexible fabric component and the neck area of the user. The sensors may be able to detect a gas for use in testing fitment.
In some embodiments, the app may provide audio assistance to users who are blind and cannot read the GUI. The audio assistance would read what is one the GUI to the user. The volume of the audio could be controlled for the hearing impaired. The app may be used to control video images or projections within the VFHCD.
The app may be configured to provide an intercom system with one or more users using a similar HCD system.
The app may be configured to provide filter end of useful life alerts to the user based on at least one of age of the filter, increased head pressure on the filter and optical readings indicating a dirty filter.
The following embodiments describes a device to more secure a variable flow head covering device (VFHCD) to the head of a user.
One end of the active band with an attaching device is connected to one side of the VFHCD, while the other end is connected to the other side of the VFHCD. In the embodiment in
The following embodiments describes an air moving device that is design to minimize and isolate vibrations and dampen noise caused by an air mover in a personal air filtration device.
The VIAMD further comprises a top fan frame 2406. The top fan frame is larger than the fan assembly 2402 and surrounds the periphery of the fan. There is a gap between the fan and the top fan frame. The gap is preferably large enough so that when the fan is in operation, the fan does not come into contact with the top fan frame such as from vibrations. The fan frame is comprised of a rigid material such as a polymer. The fan assembly frame may be rectangular, square-like, or any shape or size to be able conform to a device to provide air flow. The top frame may act as a mounting frame to mount the fan assembly to an HCD.
The VIAMD further comprises pliable or elastic members 2408 to connect the fan to the top fan frame. The members may be bands that may further be made of rubber, or other elastomer such as butyl rubber, natural or synthetic isoprene, chloroprene, nitrile rubber, or styrene-butadiene rubber. The bands hold the fan assembly in place within the front side of the top fan frame in a suspended manner. The bands are connected to the fan assembly by receiving holes 2410 located near each corner of the fan. In an exemplary embodiment, the housing has a rectangular periphery and wherein an elastic band is attached at each of the housing's four corners. The elastic bands can be thread through the holes and tied to the fan assembly. The other end of the elastic bands are connected to the top fan frame by wrapping around a frame receiving post or member 2412. Each elastic band is attached at one end to a different corner of the housing of an air assembly and is attached at another end to a different point on the rigid component of a fan frame or rigid component of the HCD. The receiving frame members protrude from an outer edge of the top fan frame. Other means may be used to connect the elastic bands to the fan and frame receiving members. In other embodiments, any combination of two or more posts may be used to connect the elastic bands to. The elastic bands can absorb vibrations during operation of the fan assembly and reduce the amount of vibrations transmitted to the rigid component of an HCD.
The VIAMD further comprises a flexible membrane 2414. The membrane comprises a silicone-based material but could be another polymeric material. The membrane can further absorb vibrations and help to dampen the sound coming from the fan. The membrane is located on the opposite side of the top fan frame 2406 from the elastic bands. The membrane spans from the top to the bottom of the top fan frame and from one side to the other side of the top fan frame. The membrane is slightly wider and longer than the frame though the membrane may be approximately the same width and length of the frame. The membrane helps to reduce air flow through the air gap. The membrane comprises an aperture to allow for air to pass through that is moved by the fan.
In some embodiments, a bottom fan frame is not used wherein the top fan frame is directly connect to a device to supply air flow from the fan. The membrane acts to form an airtight seal between the fan frame and device requiring air flow. In some embodiments, the bottom fan fame is a soft or sponge-like material to form an airtight seal to the device it is attached to. In other embodiments, a very high bonding or adhesive tape may be used to form a seal between the bottom fan frame 2418 and the device to which hit is attached to. The tape may also act as a resilient mount to further dampen and isolate vibrations.
The vibration isolating air moving device (VIAMD) 2400 or related embodiments may be used in any of the head covering devices (HCDs) disclosed herein. The VIAMD would be directly attached to the rigid frame component to pull in or push out air through an intake or exhaust port and through an intake or exhaust filter. In some embodiments, the air mover assembly would be mounted on the rigid component of an HCD described herein without the need for a fan frame by vibration absorbing members, to thereby reduce transmission of the vibration of the air mover assembly to the rigid member, thereby reducing noise from the air mover assembly within the device. The HCD may comprise receiving members to attach one end of the elastic bands to and the other end of the elastic bands to an air mover assembly. The rigid fan assembly frame component further comprises a mounting frame surrounding either the inlet port or the outlet port in an HCD, and wherein the mounting frame comprises mounting features for receiving the other ends of the elastic bands.
The VIAMD may be used in other types of air control devices such as masks for powered air purifying respirators (PAPRs).
The PAPR mask may further comprise an outlet filter 2456. The outlet filter in this embodiment is located in the transparent shield component 2458 near where the mouth of a user is located. The filter may be located elsewhere such as in the cloth component 2460 of the mask. Air leaving the mask is filtered exhaust air 2462. This design is an improvement over commonly used PAPRs where a fan is located on the belt of a user and connect by a hose to the rear of the mask. These types of masks filter the air going into the mask but not the air that is exhausted from the mask. The embodiment described herein not only protects the wearer of the PAPR mask but also protects a patient being cared for by the wearer in the instance where the wearer may be infected with a contagious disease.
The invention has been described with reference to various specific and preferred embodiments and techniques. Nevertheless, it is understood that many variations and modifications may be made while remaining within the spirit and scope of the invention.
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/992,277 titled “Head Covering Device” filed on Mar. 20, 2020, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/053,519 titled “Head Covering Device with Negative Air Flow”, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/053,523 titled “Head Covering Device with Environmental Control”, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/053,526 titled “Head Covering Device with a Communication Component”, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/053,537 titled “Head Covering Device with Automatic Air Moving System”, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/053,542 titled “Head Covering Device with Shroud”, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/053,546 titled “Head Covering Device with Washable Filtering Fabric”, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/053,548 titled “Head Covering Device with Electromagnetic Radiation Filtering Face Shield”, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/053,552 titled “Protective Mask with Negative Air Flow” filed on Jul. 17, 2020, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/105,830 titled “Head Covering Device” filed on Oct. 26, 2020, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
