The present invention generally relates to the field of electronic transaction systems. In particular, the present invention is directed to a health care claim status transaction system and method.
A vast majority of bills for patient health care services are presently paid by institutional payers, e.g., insurance companies, health care maintenance organizations, privately insured groups and government agencies, among others. These bills are typically handled by a health care provider, e.g., a physician, hospital, integrated health care network, long-term care provider, or other provider, and occasionally the covered patient, submitting a heath care claim to a payer for payout or reimbursement for the services provided by the health care provider. Consequently, health care providers and payers process an overwhelming number of claims each year.
Not infrequently, health care providers must check the status of the claims they have submitted to the payers for a variety of reasons, such as a certain amount of time has passed without payment or to simply ensure that the claim is being processed appropriately, among others. Presently, the typical process that a health care provider follows for submitting and checking the status of a claim is as follows. First, charges for the service(s) provided to a patient are entered into the patient's account using, e.g., billing/claims software application. Examples of conventional billing/claims applications include the billing and accounts receivable (BAR), hospital patient administration (HPA) and paperless collections system (PCS) applications available as part of FLOWCAST™ software licensed by IDX Systems, Burlington, Vt. After the charges and any accompanying information have been entered, the billing/claims application generates a claim, which the provider then submits to the corresponding payer via paper, data storage tape or electronic data interchange (EDI), among other modes. Regarding EDI, EDI often comprises a number of standards developed by the Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) to standardize the format of data transmitted over a computer network, such as the Internet. These standards are known as the “X12 standards.”
After the health care provider has submitted a claim, it may be necessary for the provider to check the status of the claim. This process is typically handled by the health care provider's claims follow-up staff, which will first review the history of the patient's account for information relating to the claim submitted. The follow-up staff will then follow up with the patient's payer by requesting the status of the claim. This is typically done by telephoning the payer or accessing the payer's claim-processing system via an automated line or the payer's website. In any case, the follow-up staff must work outside the billing/claims application, either by phone or a software application, e.g., a web browser, other than the billing claims application to make the status inquiry.
In response to the follow-up staff's request, the payer typically provides the follow-up staff with the status of the claim at issue, e.g., whether the claim was paid, rejected, being processed or not yet received, among others. If the payer paid the claim, the payer will typically provide the follow-up staff with information relating to the payment, such as the payment date, check number and name of the payee. If the payer did not yet pay the claim, the payer will typically provide a reason why the claim was not paid. The follow-up staff will then re-access the billing/claims application and update the patient's account with information regarding the status of the claim. In addition, depending upon the status of the claim, the follow-up staff may also need to update patient information and resubmit the claim, supply the payer with additional information and resubmit the claim or write-off the claims.
This conventional manner of handling health care claim status requests and responses requires a relatively large amount of human involvement in the various steps of the process, as well as relatively cumbersome need to switch back and forth between software applications to perform the various steps of the process. What is needed is a system that largely, or entirely, automates handling of claim status requests and responses so as to reduce the level of human involvement and streamline the workflow of handling these requests and responses.
In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of automatically handling a claim status transaction. The method comprises the steps of receiving an electronic claim status response containing information relating to status of a claim and electronically routing the electronic claim status response as a function of the information.
In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of automatically handling a claim status transaction. The method comprises the step of assembling an electronic claim status request for a claim. At least one check is performed on the electronic claim status request and it is determined if the electronic claim status request passes or fails the at least one check. If the electronic claim status request fails the at least one check, a claim status transaction category is assigned to the electronic claim status request.
In a further aspect, the present invention is directed to a system comprising at least one computer containing a health care software application that provides a user with patient invoice functionality relating to at least one health care claim. The computer further contains a claim status transaction software module operatively configured to interface with the health care application. The claim status transaction software module comprises a first set of computer instructions for receiving an electronic health care claim status response containing information relating to status of the at least one health care claim. The claims status transaction software module also comprises a second set of computer instructions for electronically routing the electronic health care claim status response as a function of the information.
For the purpose of illustrating the invention, the drawings show a form of the invention that is presently preferred. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, wherein:
Referring now to the drawings,
After the health care provider has submitted the claim, it may be necessary to check the status of the claim. Entities requesting health care claim status may include, but not be limited to, hospitals, nursing homes, laboratories, physicians, allied professional groups, employers and supplemental health care claims adjudication processors. Scenarios in which a user may desire to check the status of a claim include a scenario in which the user is viewing or performing claims follow-up actions and needs to know the status of a claim that has not yet been paid. Another scenario is one in which the user receives a call about a patient account and needs to view the details of a claim's status while the caller remains on the line. When it is desired to learn the status of a claim, at step 140 a user, e.g., claims follow-up staff, may initiate a claim status request procedure that automatically assembles and sends an electronic request to the appropriate payer. Generally, the electronic request contains the necessary information that identifies the claim at issue so that the payer may formulate an appropriate reply, preferably electronically and in real-time.
At step 150, the payer may reply to the electronic request with an appropriate electronic response that conveys the status information for that claim to the CST system. After the CST system receives the electronic response, at step 160 the CST system may automatically store the response and/or update the patient account with information regarding the status of the claim based upon information contained in the response and/or information concerning the original requested, e.g., whether or not the request was sent and a response was received, among others. In addition, depending upon the status of the claim, the CST system may perform and/or trigger various automated events, such as re-queuing the claim request (e.g., if the electronic response indicates that the payer has not yet adjudicated the claim), writing off the claim (e.g., if the electronic response indicates that the payer has rejected the claim) or adding the claim to a follow-up list (e.g., if the electronic response indicates that the electronic requests contained missing or incorrect information that prevented the payer from adjudicating the claims), among other actions.
Some benefits that a CST system of the present invention can provide flow from the partial to complete automation of the claim follow-up process. Using a CST system of the present invention will no longer require users to perform a manual inquiry on each claim that is outstanding to a payer. In addition, a CST system of the present invention can allow a user to queue-up and process a number of requests; the user does not need to do something for each individual claim. Rather, the user can perform work on only the problem area claims. Automated processing of electronic transactions can also provide the benefit that the user does not need to access claim status information from a website or by calling a payer. These conventional approaches to claim status inquiry can be very costly to the inquiring entity due to the users being on hold to the payers or the switching back and forth between software applications. Furthermore, when a CST system of the present invention implements claims status requests and responses in accordance with the 276/277 transaction set EDI standard (discussed below), inquiring entities can become compliant with requirements under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. These and other benefits of a CST system of the present invention will become apparent upon reading of the disclosure below.
It is noted that workflow diagram 100 illustrates only some of the features of a CST system of the present invention and, more particularly, some of the features relating to a successfully sent and received request and a successfully sent and received response. As will become apparent from the below description of one embodiment of the present invention, a CST system of the present invention may include numerous other features, including various error-checking features for handling various errors relating to the sending of an automated request. Many of these features are described below.
Electronic claim status requests 228 and responses 232 may have any data format desired. However, practically speaking, due to U.S. laws relating to HIPAA, health care providers and payers in the U.S. implementing electronic claim status transaction features in their computer systems must utilize certain EDI standards for these transactions promulgated by subcommittee X12N of the ASC mentioned above in the background section. More particularly, the relevant X12N standards for electronic claim status requests 228 and responses 232 are, respectively, the ANSI ASC X12.316 Health Care Claim Status Request (a/k/a a “276 transaction”) standard and the ANSI ASC X12.317 Health Care Claim Status Response (a/k/a a “277 transaction”) standard. Together, the 276 and 277 transactions are commonly referred to as a “276/277 transaction set.” Details regarding the format and implementation of the 276/277 transaction set may be found in the National Electronic Data Interchange Transaction Set Implementation Guide—Health Care Claim Status Request And Response, 276/277, ASC X12N 276/277 (004010X093), published by Washington Publishing Company (www.wpc-edi.com), which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. For convenience, the present invention is described with only occasional reference to the 276/277 transaction set. However, those skilled in the art will readily understand how to implement the present invention using all of the 276/277 transaction set standards so as to be HIPAA compliant.
To facilitate communications between CST system 200 and each adjudication application 236, provider server 208 and each corresponding respective payer server 212 may include a respective EDI interface 240, 242. If the 276/277 transaction set is used for electronic requests 228 and responses 232, each EDI interface 240, 242 would be configured for handling these transactions. If electronic requests 228 and responses 232 conform to another standard, each EDI interface 240, 242 would be configured for implementing that standard. In other implementations, EDI interfaces 240, 242 may not be necessary at all. This may be the case, e.g., if a payer 216 and provider 204 are part of a vertically integrated health care delivery system.
CST system 200 may include a health care software application 246, or simply “health care application,” having some level of patient accounting functionality, such as the ability to provide information to a user (not shown), e.g., provider billing/claims staff, provider claims follow-up staff and the like, relating to patient invoices. Health care application 246 may, of course, include many other functions, such as functions relating to patient registration, financials, appointments, chart tracking, referrals and visits, among others.
With continuing reference to
Screen 312 of
Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate a number of matters that flow from the immediately preceding description of how various CST functions of CST module 258 may be accessed. For example, those skilled in the art will readily understand that although this example is presented relative to accessing CST functions via “Invoice List” hyperlink 324 (
Referring to
Depending upon the speed of processing claim status requests 228 by both CST module 258 and the adjudication 236 of each payer 216 application, if the user selects more than one invoice 334, upon selection of Claim Status Request hyperlink 342, UI 270 of CST module 258 may present a message (not shown) to the user, e.g., via a popup window, indicating that the CST module is processing the request and that the user should check back later to see the results. CST module may then proceed with processing the multiple requests 228, e.g., as described below. If the user selects only one invoice 334 and then selects the Claim Status Request hyperlink 342, UI 270 may present a timer screen, such as countdown timer screen 352 of
Typically, the countdown would start from a predetermined time that is equal to or greater than some expected value of total processing time, i.e., generally, the sum of the time CST module 258 takes to process and send claim status request 228, the time adjudication application 236 takes to process the request and send a claim status response 232 and the time the CST module takes to process the response and display the results. If the countdown reaches zero and CST module 258 has not yet received and processed a claim status response 232, UI 270 may remove timer screen 352 from user workstation 254 and the CST module may return processing to health care application 246, e.g., making screen 316 of
Once request assembly sub-module 262 has assembled a claim status request 228, the status request may be passed to pre-checking sub-module 272, which may be operatively configured to perform several checks prior to CST module 258 sending the request to the appropriate payer 216. Following are several examples of checks that pre-checking sub-module 272 may perform. Of course, pre-checking sub-module 272 may be programmed to perform other checks, e.g., checking that all fields of each claim status request 228 are properly populated in accordance with the requirements of the payer 216 at issue. One check that pre-checking sub-module 272 may perform is a payer-eligibility check to verify that the appropriate payer 216 is in fact set up to handle electronic claim status transactions. Some payers 216 may simply not be set up to receive, process and respond to electronic claim status requests 228. However, the user of health care application 246 and CST module 258 may not know this. In this event, if a user attempts to send an electronic claim status request 228 to a non-eligible payer 216, pre-checking sub-module 272 will “catch” the request and notify the user that the request cannot be sent because that payer is not equipped to handle such electronic claim status requests.
This payer eligibility check may be implemented in any of a number of ways, including via the provision of a trading partners module 274 (or sub-module) in either health care application 246 or CST module 258. Trading partners (sub-)module 274 may be used to set up various parameters so that CST system 200 may send and receive data, e.g., health care claims (not shown), claim status requests 228 and claim status responses 232, among others, to and from various trading partners, e.g., payers 216. These parameters include, among others, parameters needed to enable CST system 200 to electronically communicate with the various trading partners, since at least some of the parameters will vary from trading partner to trading partner. Examples of these parameters include Internet address, communications protocol(s), handshake information and input and output queues (not shown) of CST system 200, among others. In connection with trading partners (sub-)module 274, either UI 250 or UI 270 may, as shown in
Examples of information that may be used to identify trading partners that are payers 216 capable of handling electronic claim status requests 228 and responses 232 include a payer type (“FSC” fields 358), unique payer identification number (“FSC No.” fields 360) and payer name (“Insurance Company” fields 362 —used only if the payer type is denoted “COM,” i.e., commercial payer). Examples of parameters that may be provided for each payer 216 for use in CST system 200 include: the number of days since last billed (“Days Since Last Billed” field 364); the number of days since the last claim status request 228 was sent (“Days Since Last Request” field 366); the results form (not shown) that CST module 358 should use to display data returned in a status response 232 (“Results Form” field 368); an identification of the queue for sending claim status requests (“Request Queue” field 370); an identification of the queue for receiving claims status responses (“Response Queue” field 372) and the number of seconds to wait for a response (“Seconds to wait for a response” field 374), among others.
If a user would like to view the results returned from a particular payer 216 in a certain format, the user may identify in “Results Form” field 368 a formatting file (not shown) that CST system 200 will use for that payer. CST system 200 may be configured such that if “Results Form” field 368 is empty, CST module 258 will, by default, use a standard format preprogrammed into the CST module. When one of payers 216 is highlighted on screen 356, e.g., by the user selecting a corresponding one of “FSC,” “FSC No.” or “Insurance Company” fields 358, 360, 362, user may enter into “Request Queue” field 370 and “Response Queue” field 372 the appropriate request and response queue identifiers corresponding to queues CST system 200 uses to send and receive data to and from that payer via EDI interface 240. If the queue identifiers have already been entered, selecting one of payers 216 will display the corresponding queue identifiers in the respective “Request Queue” and “Response Queue” fields 270, 272. Each of the other parameters is described below in connection with pre-checking sub-module 272.
As mentioned above, one of the checks that pre-checking sub-module 272 may perform after a claim status request 228 has been assembled, but before it has been sent, is to determine whether or not the payer 216 corresponding to the request can in fact handle such electronic transactions. Pre-checking sub-module 272 may perform this function, e.g., simply by determining whether or not the payer 216 is identified in transaction partners file 276. If the payer 216 is not identified in transaction partners file 276, UI 270 may display to the user, e.g., in a popup window (not shown), that the payer does not presently handle electronic transactions. On the other hand, if the payer 216 is identified in transaction partners file 276, pre-checking sub-module 272 may continue with other checks of each claim status request 228 prior to CST modules 258 sending the request. Another check that pre-checking sub-module 272 may perform is to determine if health care application 246 has sent a claim corresponding to the particular claim status request 228 at issue. If not, the respective payer 216 simply cannot provide a substantive response and there would not be any benefit to sending the request. To the contrary, the sending of a claim status request 228 for an un-submitted claim would only waste resources of the payer 216 and communications link 220.
As discussed above and shown in
Pre-checking sub-module 272 may perform similar actions for similar reasons for the time period present in “Days Since Last Request” field 366 for a particular payer 216. In this case, however, instead of this time period corresponding to the time it typically takes the corresponding payer 216 to be able to provide claim status information for a newly submitted claim, this time represents the fact if a claim status check was recently made relative to a particular claim, it is not likely that the payer has changed any of the status information for that claim since the last status check. The time period input into “Day Since Last Request” field 366 may be the typical time it takes a payer 216 to update status information and make the updated information available electronically after someone sends additional or corrected information regarding the claim to the payer. Upon pre-checking sub-module 272 performing a check between the date of claims status request 228 (current date) and the date that a similar request was last made for the claim at issue using CST system 200, UI 270 may display a message, e.g., via a popup window 378 (
If a claim status request 228 does not pass a pre-check, e.g., the payer 216 is not set up to perform electronic request/response transactions, or the user decides based on the pre-check that the request is not warranted at this time, e.g., due to the corresponding claim having been submitted so recently that the payer is not likely to provide a meaningful response, then pre-checking sub-module 272 may assign to the request a CST category, e.g., “Not Sent,” that identifies the request as being unsent. In this connection and referring to
When a claim status request 228 is not going to be sent, pre-checking sub-module 272 may also assign a pre-defined error code (not shown) to the request indicating which of the pre-checks the request did not pass. Correspondingly and referring again to
If a claim status request 228 passes the pre-checking phase, pre-checking sub-module 272 may pass processing to a communications sub-module 280, which may be operatively configured for sending the status request to the appropriate one of payers 216. For example, communications sub-module 280 may contain the appropriate instructions for placing the claim status request 228 in the appropriate queue, e.g., the request queue identified in “Request Queue” field 370 of transactions partner screen 356 of
Communications sub-module 280 may also be operatively configured to receive claim status responses 232 made by payers 216 in response to claim status requests 228 successfully sent by CST module 258 and received and successfully processed by the corresponding adjudication applications 236. In addition, as discussed below in more detail, communications sub-module 280 may be operatively configured to assign each claim status response 232/transaction set 224 to an appropriate one of CST categories 380 (
Referring again to
Screen 390 of
In general, and when implemented, the response categories and codes may be identified by any suitable identifiers, such as various characters or character strings, that distinguish each category or code from the others. For example, each response category may be identified by a single character or a two-character set. In this connection,
Returning to
Referring again to
As mentioned above in connection with
Relative to intelligent routing of claim status responses 232, CST system 200, e.g., via routing sub-module 282, may be operatively configured to “route” claim status transaction information to any feature that health care application 246 may include to facilitate processing transaction information. For example, health care application 246 may include a variety of follow-up lists 296 for one or more follow-up workers to act upon. Examples of such follow-up lists 296 include one or more lists for correcting request information, e.g., patient information, that may have prevented a payer from providing a complete claim status response. Claim transaction sets 224 needing this sort of follow-up may be transaction sets for which the CST category is “Error” (see
Depending on their CST categories 380, other claim transaction sets 224 may require no human follow up, but may trigger other events. For example, if a payer 216 indicates in a claim status response 228 via a response category/code pair that it rejects a claim, communications sub-module 280 may assign the corresponding transaction set 224 to the “Rejected” category. In this event, routing sub-module 282 may route the transaction set to a write-off sub-module 297 of health care claim application 246 that may process the corresponding rejected claim in substantially the same manner rejected claims are presently processed. However, in the case of the present invention, transfer to a write-off phase is handled automatically with intelligent routing of transaction sets 224 based on a payer's electronic response 232. Another one of CST categories 380 (
Referring now to
Once claim status request 228 has been assembled, at step 406 the request may be checked, e.g., by pre-checking sub-module 272, prior to an attempt being made to send the request. This pre-checking can be useful to reduce the likelihood that an avoidable error or redundancy will occur in the sending of claim status request 228 and/or the processing of the request by the corresponding payer 216. As discussed above, these pre-checks may include, among others, ensuring that payer 216 is eligible to receive automated claim status requests 228 and determining whether the user wants to send the request even though a similar request for the claim at issue had been sent very recently, among others. At step 408, it is determined, e.g., by pre-checking sub-module 272, whether claim status request 228 has passed all of the pre-checks. If not, at steps 410 and 412 claim status request 228 may be assigned to the “Not Sent” category of CST categories 380 (
If at step 408 claim status request 228 had passed all of the pre-checks, at step 420 the request may be sent, e.g., by communications module 280. At step 422, it may be determined whether or not the intended payer 216 appears to have received claim status request 228. The presence of step 422 in CST method 400 will generally depend upon the communications link 220 between health care provider server 208 and payer server 212 at issue and the communications protocol used to send claim status request 228. For example, if the communications protocol requires some sort of handshake, authentication or other type of protocol that requires some sort of interaction between provider server 208 and payer server 212 before claim status request 228 is sent, then failure of such interaction indicates that the payer server has, or cannot, receive the request. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are other reasons that the payer 216 at issue has not received a claim status request.
In any event, if payer 216 has not received claim status request 228, at steps 424 and 426 the user may be notified that the payer did not receive the request and the request may be assigned to the “Not Received” category of CST categories 380 (
If at step 422 payer 216 had received claim status request 228, then at step 438 it may be desirable to start a countdown timer that waits a reasonable amount of time for payer 216 to process the request and provide a corresponding claim status response 232 in real time. As mentioned above, the reasonable amount of time may correspond to some measure of time beyond which if a claim status response 232 has not been received, it is likely that a response will not be received in a timely manner. Accordingly, at steps 440 and 442 a loop is established for iteratively determining 1) if a claim status response has yet been received and 2) if the timer has yet timed out. If at step 442 the timer has reached its limit, at step 444 the user may be notified that the timer timed out. Then, at steps 446 and 428, claim status request 228 may be assigned to the “No Response” category of CST categories 380 (
If during the countdown period a claim status response 232 is received from payer 216 at step 440, then at step 448 one of CST category responses 380 (
At step 450 the response may be stored, e.g., on database 266, and/or the patient account may be updated with the CST category of claim status response 232, as well as any information in the response that is appropriate to place in the patient account file. Some or all of the information contained in claim status response 232 may be displayed to the user at step 452, e.g., by claim status display sub-module 284. If response categories and codes are used, and these items as returned by payer 216 in claim status response are not readily identifiable by a user, e.g., the response category and code for any given response are non-word character strings, step 452 may include steps (not shown) of looking up descriptions for the character strings in response category and response code dictionaries 290, 292 and displaying the descriptions to the user.
At step 454 it may be determined whether or not further action is required for the claim corresponding to claim status response 232 just received. The determination regarding further action may be made based upon, e.g., the CST category assigned to claim status response 232 in step 448 and/or information contained in the response itself. Such further actions may include, among others, posting information contained in claim status response 232 to a follow-up list, e.g., one of follow-up lists 296 or triggering an automated event, e.g., performing an automated write-off procedure. If further action is required at step 454, at step 456 it may be determined if the further action requires human interaction or not. If the further action requires human interaction, the further actions may best be handled by posting information regarding transaction set 224 at step 458 to an appropriate follow-up list, e.g., one of follow-up lists 296, that follow-up staff or another may use as a worklist. On the other hand, if the further action does not require human interaction, at step 460 an automated follow-up task, e.g., an automated write-off process for rejected claims, may be triggered. The action of posting of a transaction set 224 to a follow-up list or the triggering of an automated follow-up task may be considered “routing” or “intelligent routing” of a claim status response 232 even though the response itself may not be sent to the corresponding follow-up list or task. Rather, only certain information from and/or about claim status response 232 may be posted or used to trigger an event. Router sub-module 282 may be operatively configured for implementing intelligent routing of claim status responses 232. After response 232 has been routed, e.g., either posted to a follow-up list or used to trigger an automated event, processing may revert from CST module 258 to health care application 246.
Referring to
Health care provider server 208 may be directly connected to any one of LAN 504, WAN 508, global network 516 or other WAN and/or LAN (not shown) connected to the global network. Likewise, user workstations 254 used to access health care provider server 208 in order to utilize the functionality of CST system 200 may be directly connected to any one of LAN 504, WAN 508, global network 516 or other WAN and/or LAN (not shown) connected to the global network. However, in the present example, health care provider server 208 and workstations 254 are shown as being directly connected to LAN 504. This is typical of a scenario when health care server 208 is on-site relative to all of the users of CST system 200. Also typical, but not necessary, is that payer servers 212, or LANs and/or WANs (not shown) to which payers servers may be directly connected, are connected to global network 516 and not to WAN 508 or LAN 504, although in alternative embodiments one or more of the payer servers or their LANs and/or WANs could be connected to WAN 508 or LAN 504. Regardless of how computer system 500 in configured, the functioning of CST system 200 is essentially the same as described above in connection with
Although the invention has been described and illustrated with respect to an exemplary embodiment thereof, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and various other changes, omissions and additions may be made therein and thereto, without parting from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
This application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/568,081, filed May 4, 2004, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/570,667, filed May 13, 2004, both titled “Health Care Claim Status Transaction System and Method” both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.
Number | Date | Country | |
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60568081 | May 2004 | US | |
60570667 | May 2004 | US |