Patent Application
20220400333
This application claims the priority, under 35 U.S.C. § 119, of German Patent Application DE 10 2021 206 009.9, filed Jun. 14, 2021; the prior application is herewith incorporated by reference in its entirety.
The invention relates to a hearing device, for example in the form of a hearing aid.
Hearing devices are typically used to output an audio signal to the sense of hearing of the wearer of the hearing device. The output takes place by means of an output transducer, usually acoustically via airborne sound by means of a loudspeaker (also referred to as a “receiver”). Such hearing devices are frequently used as so-called hearing aid devices (also in short: hearing aids). For this purpose, the hearing devices normally contain an acoustic input transducer (in particular a microphone) and a signal processor, which is configured to process the input signal (also: microphone signal) generated by the input transducer from the ambient sound with application of at least one typically user-specific stored signal processing algorithm in such a way that a hearing loss of the wearer of the hearing device is at least partially compensated for. In particular in the case of a hearing aid device, the output transducer can be, in addition to a loudspeaker, alternatively also a so-called bone vibrator or a cochlear implant, which are configured for mechanical or electrical coupling of the sound signal into the sense of hearing of the wearer. The term hearing devices also additionally includes in particular equipment such as, e.g., so-called tinnitus maskers, headsets, headphones, and the like.
Typical designs of hearing devices, in particular hearing aids, are behind-the-ear (“HdO” or “BTE”) and in-the-ear (“IDO” or “ITE”) hearing devices. These designations are indicative of the intended wearing position. For example, behind-the-ear hearing devices have a (main) housing that is worn behind the ear cup. Here the models can be distinguished into two types: the first being those having the loudspeaker arranged in this housing. In these the sound is usually output to the ear by means of a sound tube, the end of which is worn positioned in the ear canal. The second type includes models that have an external loudspeaker placed in the auditory canal. In-the-ear hearing devices, on the other hand, have a housing that is worn in the ear cup or even entirely in the ear canal.
In particular in hearing aids for people with severe hearing loss—usually in BTE hearing aids—particularly powerful loudspeakers are used, which can generate a comparatively high sound pressure level (e.g. of at least about 90 dB SPL). To prevent the sound produced from affecting other components, in particular the microphone or microphones, the loudspeakers are placed in an additional enclosure (“loudspeaker box”) within the hearing aid housing. In this loudspeaker box, the loudspeaker is usually suspended by means of an elastomer cover and/or supported only at certain points in order to prevent transmission of structure-borne sound to the other components. In addition, the loudspeaker with its sound output nozzle—usually even independently of the loudspeaker box—is connected by means of an internal sound conducting element, usually a flexible tube, to a sound outlet opening of the hearing device, in the case of a BTE usually to a sound tube leading from the BTE housing to the ear.
Especially in such high-performance loudspeakers, however, so-called pumping effects often occur in the flexible sound conducting elements, which reduce the achievable gain. In some cases, feedback can occur in the range of approximately 1 to 2 kHz due to structure-borne sound and in the range of approximately 3-5 kHz due to airborne-sound feedback (also known as open loop gain feedback).
The object of the invention is to specify an improved hearing device.
This object is achieved according to the invention by a hearing device having the features of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments and refinements of the invention, which are partially inventive as such, are presented in the dependent claims and the following description.
The hearing device according to the invention has a housing that encloses a housing interior, as well as a loudspeaker for generating acoustic signals. The hearing device also contains a damping element formed by a damping mat, i.e. having at least one of these, which is interposed between the loudspeaker and a wall of the housing or a loudspeaker box (in particular one arranged within the housing). The damping mat contains at least one damping chamber filled with fluid.
The fact that the damping mat has a fluid-filled damping chamber that is interposed between the loudspeaker and the wall means that it can advantageously absorb vibrations and/or shocks in the direction between the loudspeaker and the wall and in fact to a greater extent, in particular in comparison to bearing elements made of only one elastomer. This can also reduce the movements of the loudspeaker in the direction of the plane of the damping mat.
The loudspeaker is preferably braced (or: mounted) against the wall via only one side face by means of the damping element. Other side faces of the loudspeaker are preferably free of contact with the wall or other components of the hearing device, in particular elements not belonging to the damping element. This reduces the transmission of vibrations to other components of the hearing device.
Preferably, the wall against which the loudspeaker is mounted by means of the damping element is an external wall, in particular of the housing of the hearing aid. This has a comparatively high rigidity and, in comparison to the loudspeaker, also a high mass, which also enables an effective damping of vibrations.
Preferably, the hearing device is a BTE hearing aid, or “BTE” for short.
In a preferred embodiment, the damping mat has a support layer formed from a first elastomer. This support layer forms at least one (or the) fluid-filled damping chamber between the loudspeaker and the loudspeaker box.
In one practical development, this support layer comprises a number of pillar-like support elements. These brace the damping chamber against the loudspeaker, the wall, or a covering layer of the damping mat. In other words, the support elements help to ensure that the damping chamber retains its proper shape, at least in normal usage as intended. In particular, the support elements also help to distribute loads evenly over the (or at least almost the) entire surface of the damping mat under loading. The support elements also help to increase the shear strength of the damping element.
In a further practical development, the support layer preferably forms a trough. The term “trough” is preferably understood here to mean that the support layer has lateral walls bounding a recess. The support elements described above project upwards from the floor of the trough, i.e. from its “trough floor”. In addition, the trough is closed off by means of a covering layer which is preferably made of a second elastomer which is stiffer than the first elastomer.
Preferably, the damping element is produced in a multi-component injection molding process, wherein the support layer is first formed in the shape of the trough (with the supports formed in it) and then closed off with the covering layer in a second injection molding process.
Alternatively, the covering layer is connected to the trough in a later stage, for example in a form of sealing process.
Preferably, the support layer contains—in particular in a wall that bounds the recess of the trough—an injection opening through which the damping chamber is filled with the fluid. This injection opening is sealed off by means of a self-repairing elastomer, e.g. a self-repairing rubber. Optionally, the entire support layer is formed from the self-repairing elastomer. The self-repairing elastomer forms a kind of pressure valve or “seal”, so that after an injection of the fluid the injection opening is automatically sealed off. Such self-repairing elastomers are known, for example, for closures of blood collection tubes or the like. For example, the “self-repairing effects” of such elastomers are based on the formation of hydrogen bonds.
In a practical embodiment, the damping element has at least one retaining loop, in particular formed from the second elastomer. The loudspeaker is held against the damping mat by means of this retaining loop. Preferably, the shape of the retaining loop is already matched to the external geometry of the loudspeaker. In particular, the retaining loop thus forms a rectangular shape. Preferably, the damping element comprises two such retaining loops.
In an alternative embodiment, the loudspeaker is glued onto the damping element.
In another practical embodiment, the loudspeaker has an open front volume and is preferably arranged in the loudspeaker box mentioned above, arranged inside the housing. In this case, in particular one complete side face of the loudspeaker (in particular the one adjacent to the loudspeaker diaphragm) is missing, so that the retention by means of the one or two retaining loops would not be possible or would at least reduce the positive effect of the open front volume.
In a practical development, in particular of the embodiment of the loudspeaker with the open front volume, the loudspeaker is arranged inside the loudspeaker box without a sound tube. This avoids or at least reduces the transmission of vibrations, in particular due to so-called pump effects of the sound tube or also due to acoustic feedback caused by changes in air pressure as a result of such pumping, and/or a resulting limitation of the achievable gain.
The conjunction “and/or” here and in the following is to be understood, in particular, to mean that features linked by means of this conjunction can be implemented both jointly and as alternatives to each other.
Other features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in the appended claims.
Although the invention is illustrated and described herein as embodied in a hearing device, it is nevertheless not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention and within the scope and range of equivalents of the claims.
The construction and method of operation of the invention, however, together with additional objects and advantages thereof will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Parts corresponding to one another are always provided with the same reference signs in all figures.
Referring now to the figures of the drawings in detail and first, particularly to
In order to protect the microphones 4 from feedback with the loudspeaker 6, the latter is enclosed in a loudspeaker box (“box 12” for short) arranged inside the housing 2. In the box 12, the loudspeaker 6 is attached, decoupled from vibration as far as possible, by means of a damping element 14 described in more detail below.
In principle, however, the box 12 can also be omitted.
As can be seen from
In addition, the loudspeaker 6 is connected in the box 12 to a floor wall 26 of the box 12 (see also
The damping element 14 contains a damping mat (see also
To manufacture the damping element 14, the damping layer 30 is first formed, e.g. injection molded. The trough formed by the damping layer 30 is then closed off with the covering layer 34, for example in a multi-component injection molding process or by sealing the covering layer 34 onto the damping layer 30. Subsequently, a fluid, in particular a gas, a liquid, or even a mixture of gas and liquid, is injected into the damping chamber 36 via an injection channel 38 (or: injection opening). The injection channel 38 is sealed off by means of a self-repairing elastomer so that the injection channel 38 closes again automatically after an injection needle (or canula, etc.) is removed.
For mounting the loudspeaker 6, in the exemplary embodiment shown in
If the box 12 is not present, the damping element 14 is glued to a wall, specifically its inside, of the housing 2 or the box 12, specifically its floor wall 26.
Since there is no sound tube present inside the box 12, the speaker 6 can also be adapted. For this purpose, the loudspeaker 6 is configured with an open front volume, in which a “lid” of the loudspeaker housing, which would be arranged above the sound output side of a loudspeaker diaphragm 44, is missing. The loudspeaker 6 in this exemplary embodiment is shown as a “balanced armature receiver”. The open front volume enables high sensitivity of the BTE 1 in the high-frequency range, in particular in the speech range. Due to the open front volume, the sound outlet nozzle 15 is also missing. Vibrations of the loudspeaker 6 in the direction of the sound outlet opening 42 are therefore not transmitted to the box 12 via the sound outlet nozzle 15 and the sound tube 16.
In this exemplary embodiment, the loudspeaker 6 is not supported by the retaining loops 40. These are not present in this case. Instead, the loudspeaker 6 is glued to the damping element 14, in particular to the covering layer 34.
In the exemplary embodiment according to
An opening 46 of the box 12 for feeding connecting wires 48 through to the loudspeaker 6 is sealed sufficiently tightly by means of a rubber insert 50.
The box 12 is additionally made of a soft magnetic metal with high permeability.
As can be seen from
The subject matter of the invention is not restricted to the above-described exemplary embodiments. Rather, further embodiments of the invention can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the above description.
The following is a summary list of reference numerals and the corresponding structure used in the above description of the invention:
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2021 206 009.9 | Jun 2021 | DE | national |
