Patent Application
20240137717
This application claims the priority, under 35 U.S.C. § 119, of German Patent Application DE 10 2022 211 263.6, filed Oct. 24, 2022; the prior application is herewith incorporated by reference in its entirety.
The invention relates to a hearing instrument including a housing and at least one electroacoustic input transducer, wherein the input transducer is adapted to generate a corresponding electrical input signal from an ambient sound, the housing has a sound entry opening, and a sound channel, which guides a sound path from the sound entry opening to the input transducer, is formed inside the housing.
Hearing instruments with microphones, which are thus adapted for capturing sound signals of the environment and for corresponding postprocessing and optionally reproduction, conventionally have a sound entry opening in the housing in the region of the respective microphone, so that the sound signal of the environment can propagate to the microphone. The sound entry opening is often protected against external influences, and particularly against dirt, by a contamination filter. Since a hearing instrument is conventionally worn on the ear, contamination may also occur due to skin particles, hairs, and possibly sweat, etc. The sound entry openings are usually very small in their dimensions (diameter on the order of 1 mm, albeit depending on the specific construction) and correspondingly difficult to clean.
However, proper functioning of a microphone may be impaired by an excess of contamination, for which reason the contamination filter needs to be cleaned regularly. While relatively coarse cleaning of the contamination filter may still be carried out by the wearer themself or herself using a small brush or the like, in that case, however, the contamination often cannot be removed from the contamination filter to a sufficient extent because of the arrangement of the contamination filter in the sound entry opening. The contamination filter often includes a type of fabric which has openings on the order of about 20 μm in size. Such small openings can no longer be cleaned reliably by the users themselves using a brush, a paintbrush or the like.
U.S. Pat. No. 11,582,565 B2 discloses a loudspeaker arrangement, which may include a microphone in order to implement the functions of a hearing aid. The microphone may be disposed in a housing of the loudspeaker arrangement in such a way that a sound channel is guided from a sound entry opening into the housing while forming a bend. A waterproof textile mesh may be fitted directly in front of the microphone in the housing.
International Publication WO 2014/110233 A1, corresponding to U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,084,053 and 9,609,411, relates to a microphone arrangement in which a microphone is disposed in a housing, wherein a sound channel can be guided from a sound entry opening to the microphone along the housing. The sound entry opening may be coated with a screen.
It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a hearing instrument including a housing and at least one microphone, or in general an electroacoustic input transducer, which overcomes the hereinafore-mentioned disadvantages of the heretofore-known instruments of this general type and which can be cleaned as easily and thoroughly as possible by the wearers of the hearing instrument themselves.
With the foregoing and other objects in view there is provided, in accordance with the invention, a hearing instrument, comprising a housing and at least one electroacoustic input transducer, wherein the input transducer is adapted to generate a corresponding electrical input signal from an ambient sound, the housing has a sound entry opening, a sound channel, which guides a sound path from the sound entry opening to the input transducer, is formed inside the housing, a contamination filter, which is transmissive for sound, at least partially covers a first cross section of the sound channel, and the sound channel forms a sound chamber between the contamination filter and the sound entry opening, in such a way that the housing partially overlaps the sound chamber in the region of the sound entry opening. In this case, the housing extends on its inner side substantially parallel to the contamination filter in an overlap region of the sound chamber, which is defined by the region in which the sound chamber is overlapped by the housing. The hearing instrument is distinguished in that, in the overlap region of the sound chamber, the contamination filter has a distance of at least 0.05 mm and at most 1 mm from the inner side of the housing. The dependent claims and the following description relate to advantageous configurations, some of which are inventive per se.
A hearing instrument generally means any apparatus which is adapted to generate a sound signal from an electrical signal—which may be provided by an internal signal of the apparatus—and deliver it to an auditory system of a wearer of this apparatus, that is to say in particular an earplug, a headset, smartglasses with a loudspeaker, etc. The hearing instrument in this case includes at least one electroacoustic input transducer, so that the internal signal of the apparatus may in particular be formed by postprocessing of the electrical input signal that is generated by the input transducer. A hearing instrument also means in particular a hearing aid in the narrower sense, that is to say a device for alleviating a hearing impairment of the wearer, in which the input signal generated from the ambient sound by using the input transducer is processed to form an output signal, while in particular being amplified frequency-band dependently, and an output sound signal generated from the output signal by using a loudspeaker or the like (more generally, by using an electroacoustic output transducer) is suitable to at least partially compensate user-specifically for the hearing impairment of the wearer.
An electroacoustic input transducer means in particular any apparatus which is adapted to generate a corresponding electrical signal from an ambient sound, the air pressure variations (due to the sound waves) being converted into corresponding voltage and/or current variations. In particular, an electroacoustic input transducer means a microphone.
The at least one electroacoustic input transducer is in this case disposed inside the housing of the hearing instrument. The hearing instrument is preferably to be worn in or on an ear for intended operation by the wearer, in which case a part of the housing may be intended to be worn behind the pinna in the form of a so-called ear hook (for instance in the case of a so-called behind-the-ear hearing aid). The hearing instrument may in particular be part of a hearing system, for instance as a local hearing aid of a binaural hearing aid system, or as a headset system, which may optionally be controlled by using a smartphone or smartwatch, or the like.
A sound entry opening of the housing means in particular any opening in the housing of the hearing instrument which is intended as well as adapted to allow propagation of the ambient sound into the interior of the housing to at least one input transducer. The propagation then takes place along the sound channel, which is then by definition provided as a corresponding sound path of the ambient sound from the sound entry opening to the input transducer. The sound channel may in this case be formed by corresponding conducting elements that carry the sound, which are formed on the housing or mechanically connected thereto. The sound channel may, however, also be formed without dedicated guide elements by intermediate spaces between individual elements inside the hearing instrument, for instance electronic elements (for instance a preamplifier, a printed circuit board, a signal processor unit, etc.), elements of a power supply (for example a battery unit with associated voltage converters, etc.), mounts, mechanical damping elements, etc.
A contamination filter, which is transmissive for sound and preferably includes a fabric and/or a textile, is disposed in the sound channel between the sound entry opening and the input transducer in such a way that a first cross section of the sound channel is at least partially covered at the location of the contamination filter. The first cross section need not be considered perpendicularly to a flow direction and/or a propagation direction of the sound in the sound channel, but may also be inclined relative to one of the directions.
The first cross section is in particular defined as the greatest dimension (along the contamination filter) of the region covered by the contamination filter and/or as the greatest dimension of the sound channel (along the contamination filter and/or along the sound channel) in the region covered by the contamination filter.
The contamination filter may in this case cover the sound channel, in particular fully, that is to say a mount or a frame apparatus of the contamination filter bears flush on the walls of the sound channel (or is for instance embedded into a circumferential groove in the sound channel, or the like). The contamination filter may nevertheless, in particular, also cover only a part of the sound channel. Preferably, however, in the sound chamber, the contamination filter covers at least a projection of the sound entry opening in the direction of the sound chamber, that is to say the contamination filter covers at least the region of the sound channel which, as a projection of the sound entry opening (in the projection direction of the sound channel and/or perpendicularly to a plane formed by the sound entry opening or by the contour of the housing existing there), is directly exposed to the ingress of contamination through the sound entry opening.
The contamination filter is preferably disposed in the sound channel in the vicinity of the sound exit opening, so that contamination which enters into the sound channel through the sound entry opening and is retained at the contamination filter can at least partially be removed through the sound entry opening by corresponding cleaning of the contamination filter. Preferably, the distance between the sound entry opening and the contamination filter is at least 0.2 mm, particularly preferably at least 0.3 mm and at most 1.5 mm, particularly preferably at most 0.8 mm.
A sound chamber, which preferably generates an additional intermediate space around the contamination filter, is now formed in the sound channel, at least in the region between the contamination filter and the sound entry opening. The housing in this case overlaps the sound chamber in the region of the sound entry opening, that is to say the sound chamber is at least partially formed behind the housing wall at the sound entry opening. In other words, this means in particular that the sound channel increases its cross section from the sound entry opening in the housing toward the input transducer, so that the sound chamber is thereby formed, which is then partially overlapped by the housing (except for the edge of the housing formed by the sound entry opening). Preferably, the contamination filter is disposed in the sound chamber.
The effect achieved by the described arrangement is that contaminating particles which enter into the sound channel through the sound entry opening do not significantly obstruct the sound channel itself after incomplete cleaning of the contamination filter due to the enlargement of the sound channel to the sound chamber in the region of the contamination filter. The contaminating particles are almost fully trapped by the region of the contamination filter which lies in the sound channel in the projection of the sound entry opening. In the region of the contamination filter, however, the sound chamber is formed in the sound channel so that the cross section of the sound channel is increased in this case at least in one direction. The contaminating particles, however, are no longer deposited on the contamination filter in the overlap region of the sound chamber (which is defined by the region that is overlapped by the housing); in this overlap region of the sound chamber, the contamination filter remains substantially free of contamination. Even if not all the contaminating particles can be fully removed during cleaning of the contamination filter through the sound entry opening (for example with a paintbrush or a brush, see above) the sound path from the sound entry opening to the input transducer is therefore now enabled via the enlargement of the sound channel in the region of the contamination filter, provided in the form of the sound chamber. The propagation of the sound in case of uncertainty (in the event of insufficient cleaning of the contaminated region of the contamination filter in the region of the aforementioned projection) may take place via the overlap region of the sound chamber in a kind of “bypass.”
Expediently, the contamination filter fully covers the sound chamber at the first cross section. In particular, this means that also in the overlap region of the sound chamber (which thus forms the aforementioned bypass) the contamination filter fully covers the sound chamber. In particular, this can prevent contaminating particles from being pushed into the sound chamber toward the input transducer and obstructing the latter in the case of cleaning by a paintbrush.
Favorably, the contamination filter includes a fabric and/or a textile, particularly in the region of the projection of the sound entry opening. In particular, the fabric or textile has openings with a size of between 1 μm and 100 pm, preferably between 5 μm and 50 μm, particularly preferably between 10 μm and 30 μm. By a contamination filter configured in such a way, the contaminating particles which usually occur can be kept away from the input transducer, except for residues that are no longer relevant.
Preferably, in the region of the sound entry opening, the housing has an indentation into a contour of the housing, which merges into the sound entry opening. In particular, this means that the contour of the housing has a kind of notch, recess or similar depression in the region of the sound entry opening, which preferably does not fully enclose the sound entry opening but has a preferential direction. The indentation may facilitate the access of a corresponding paintbrush, or the like, to the contamination filter during cleaning. Since the indentation extends only along a preferential direction, for this purpose a thinner configuration of the housing is only necessary in this region, so that the stability of the housing in the region of the sound entry opening is not significantly reduced by the indentation.
Advantageously, when the hearing instrument is worn as intended (and in the case of a standing or sitting wearer), the overlap region of the sound chamber, which is defined by the region in which the sound chamber is overlapped by the housing, lies at least partially higher than the sound entry opening so that a sound path is thereby guided upward (that is to say in the cranial direction) from the sound entry opening into the sound chamber. This means that contaminating particles which accumulate in the contamination filter are also thereby kept by the force of gravity in the projection of the sound entry opening, so that the aforementioned bypass via the overlap region of the sound chamber continues to remain sufficiently free for the sound propagation.
According to the invention, in the overlap region of the sound chamber, the housing extends on its inner side substantially parallel to the contamination filter. In this way, refraction effects can be avoided for the ambient sound guided through the sound chamber, and in particular through its overlap region, which might otherwise lead to undesired resonances.
In this case, in the overlap region of the sound chamber, the contamination filter has a distance of at least 0.05 mm and preferably at least 0.1mm, and at most 1 mm and preferably at most 0.5 mm from the inner side of the housing. These dimensions use the space conventionally available in a hearing instrument particularly compactly in order to allow propagation of the sound.
Preferably, an effective cross section of the sound chamber, which is defined by the longest dimension along the contamination filter, is at least 50%, preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 100% larger than the largest cross section of the sound entry opening. The sound channel therefore becomes larger in the sound chamber along the contamination filter by at least 50%, or at least 80%, or at least 100%. In this way, propagation of the ambient sound may be ensured in the case of a contaminated (still residually contaminated after cleaning) contamination filter by using the available space.
Preferably, the hearing instrument is embodied as a hearing aid, which is intended and adapted to alleviate a hearing impairment of the wearer. For this purpose, the hearing aid has in particular a signal processing unit which is adapted to process the electrical input signal generated by the electroacoustic input transducer (and possibly by one or more further such input transducers) according to the audiological requirements of the wearer of the hearing aid, so that an output signal is therefore generated which is thereby matched individually to a hearing reduction or a general hearing impairment of the wearer. For such a hearing aid, operation with the least possible interference of the respective input transducer for the alleviation of the hearing impairment of the wearer is of particular importance, for which reason a hearing aid also benefits significantly from the arrangement, according to the invention, of the contamination filter.
Other features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in the appended claims.
Although the invention is illustrated and described herein as embodied in a hearing instrument including a housing and at least one electroacoustic input transducer, it is nevertheless not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention and within the scope and range of equivalents of the claims.
The construction and method of operation of the invention, however, together with additional objects and advantages thereof will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Referring now in detail to the figures of the drawings, in which parts and sizes that correspond to one another are always provided with the same reference signs, and first, particularly, to
The input signal 10 is processed in a signal processing unit 12 according to the audiological requirements of the wearer, while in particular being amplified and/or compressed according to the frequency band. The signal processing unit 12 thereby generates an electrical output signal 14, which is converted by an electroacoustic output transducer 16 of the hearing aid 2, in the present case embodied as a loudspeaker, into an output sound signal 18. During intended operation, the hearing aid 2 is worn by the wearer on an ear in such a way that the output sound signal 18 is conveyed into the corresponding auditory canal (not represented) and propagates there to the eardrum. The hearing aid 2 may optionally also have a further electroacoustic input transducer (not represented), so that by using an additional electrical input signal (generated by the latter) and the input signal 10, directional signal processing (for instance by using directional microphonics) may also be carried out in the signal processing unit 12.
The hearing aid 2 furthermore has a housing 20, inside which the microphone 6 (and optionally the further input transducer), the signal processing unit 12 and the output transducer 16 are disposed. In the housing 20, a sound entry opening 22, through which the ambient sound 8 can enter into the housing 20, and correspondingly propagate along a sound channel 24 to the microphone 6, is introduced in the vicinity of the microphone 6. In the sound channel 24, a contamination filter 26, which is adapted to safeguard the microphone 6 from ingress of contamination, and to prevent obstruction of the sound channel 22, is disposed between the microphone 6 and the sound entry opening 22, in the vicinity of the latter.
The precise arrangement of the contamination filter 26 in the sound channel is shown in
In
In
Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail by the preferred exemplary embodiment, the invention is not restricted to the examples disclosed and other variations may be derived therefrom by a person skilled in the art without departing from the protected scope of the invention.
The following is a summary list of reference numerals and the corresponding structure used in the above description of the invention.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2022 211 263.6 | Oct 2022 | DE | national |
