Patent Grant
12121461
The present disclosure relates to a delivery system, a catheter system and a method for the minimally invasive application of prostheses to an individual in need thereof and a method for loading a prosthesis onto a catheter system and/or a delivery system.
This application is related case of EP13173217.4 & EP13182346.0, U.S. Pat. No. 8,790,395 and US patent publication 2014/0081388A1 (Mar. 20, 2014) all assigned to the instant assignee, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference, each as if expressly set forth.
The current disclosure relates to the field of medical devices, in particular to prosthesis which are being transplanted into an individual in need thereof in order to re-establish proper body functions by way of minimally invasive methods and means applicable therefor.
Examples of prostheses that are placed by way of minimally invasive methods are stents and heart valves like aortic and mitral heart valves. Heart valves today are applied e.g. by the transapical, transfemoral, or subclavial route. The transapical route is very direct through a cut between the rips of a patient and through the apex of the heart and thus only a short distance has to be passed until the delivery site. The transfemoral route is a very convenient method and widely used because it needs only a cut in the leg of the patient and access to the vasculature.
Usually the prosthesis is applied by way of a delivery system also denoted catheter. The requirements for the catheter by way of transfemoral delivery is more complex as compared with the transapical route because for the delivery of e.g. an aortic heart valve a relatively long distance and bends have to be manoevered through which imply certain difficulties.
One example of such a delivery system is disclosed in EP2387977B1. This patent describes a transfemoral catheter for the delivery of an aortic heart valve. The patent does not disclose nor suggest the embodiments presently disclosed.
Usually the prosthesis has to be loaded in a releasable manner onto the catheter and crimped to a small seize in order be passed through the vasculature of the patient and to be delivered to the implantation site. The different systems known in the prior art use different seizes like 22, 20, or 18 French. Accordingly the prosthesis has to be squeezed together which implies the risk of damaging the pericard material of the valve.
Moreover, the correct positioning is another issue and possibly the capability of the catheter system of repositioning the prosthesis during the course of delivering and applying the prosthesis at the target site and position in the patient. The termination of the procedure after partial release of the prosthesis and complete retrieval of the prosthesis is another advantage which is not possible with many catheter systems of the prior art.
Another issue is the diameter seize of catheter system. The diameter seize of the crimped prosthesis in the catheter for delivery through the vasculature of the patient is critical. Many known systems do not achieve an adequate crimping seize and often the tissue is negatively affected in known systems during the crimping procedure.
Moreover, the crimping of the prosthesis as such represents a challenge. In particular crimping in a manner without damaging, or stretching and/or squeezing the tissue of the prosthesis is often not sufficiently achieved in known systems. Even though immediate damages due to the crimping may not be obvious, often the tissue is still negatively affected by the crimping with a negative impact on the durability of the tissue, e.g. pericard tissue, representing the valve in a heart valve and even the stent component.
Yet another problem in the delivery is the maneuvering of the prosthesis by way of the catheter through the vasculature and its bends. The fact that the vasculature is narrow, and particularly at the aortic entry into the heart a substantive curve with a narrow angle has to be passed through, represents a substantive challenge for such a delivery procedure and device.
Moreover the following has implications for the present disclosure:
Minimally-invasive surgical procedures have evolved substantially since the advent of endovascular technologies and techniques. Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to systems to deliver an endoprosthesis in an implantation site in the heart of a patient. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to systems to deliver and position transcatheter heart valves used in the treatment of a stenosis (narrowing) of a cardiac valve and/or a cardiac valve insufficiency.
Embodiments of the present disclosure also relate to specialized delivery systems for endoprosthetics, including for example, collapsible and expandable prosthetics incorporating a stent which is delivered to the implant site using a specialized catheter and a preshaped sheath.
The expression “narrowing (stenosis) of a cardiac valve and/or cardiac valve insufficiency” is intended to include a functional defect of one or more cardiac valves, which is either genetic or has developed. A cardiac defect of this type might affect each of the four heart valves, although the valves in the left ventricle (aortic and mitral valves) are affected much more often than the right-sided part of the heart (pulmonary and tricuspid valves). The functional defect can result in narrowing (stenosis), inability to close (insufficiency) or a combination of the two (combined vitium). This disclosure relates to delivery systems leveraging an endoprosthesis that includes an expandable stent capable of being implanted transluminally in a patient's body and enlarged radially after being introduced percutaneously for treating heart valve defect, among other indications.
In the current treatment of severe narrowing of a cardiac valve and/or cardiac valve insufficiency, the narrowed or diseased cardiac valve is replaced with an endoprosthesis. Biological or mechanical valves models, which are typically surgically sewn into the cardiac valve bed through an opening in the chest after removal of the diseased cardiac valve, have generally been used for this purpose. Such procedures or operations necessitate the use of a heart-lung machine to maintain the patient's circulation during the procedure and cardiac arrest is induced during implantation of the prosthesis. This is a risky surgical procedure with associated dangers for the patient, as well as a long postoperative treatment and recovery phase. Such an operation can often not be considered with justifiable risk in the case of polypathic patients.
Minimally-invasive forms of treatment have been developed recently which are characterized by allowing the procedure to be performed under local anesthesia. One approach provides for the use of a catheter system to implant a self-expandable stent to which is connected a collapsible valvular prosthesis. Such a self-expandable endoprosthesis can be guided via a catheter system to the implantation site within the heart through an inguinal artery or vein. After reaching the implantation site, the stent can then be unfolded.
However, there is a risk of inexact or incorrect implantation of an endoprosthesis using the solutions described above. Expressed in another way, there is a need for exact positioning and longitudinal alignment of an implanted endoprosthesis. In particular, it is only possible using great skill on the part of the attending surgeon or cardiologist—if at all—to position a stent sufficiently precisely, in both a lateral and longitudinal direction, to ensure that the associated endoprosthesis is located in the correct area of the patient's diseased heart valve to be treated prior to the advent of the instant systems.
On the basis of the problems referenced and outlined above, certain embodiments of the present disclosure address the issue of delivering and positioning a specialized endoprosthesis for treating a narrowed cardiac valve or a cardiac valve insufficiency which realizes optimum positioning accuracy and anchoring of the emplaced device. In addition, the treatment of the narrowed cardiac valve or cardiac valve insufficiency should be by way of a simple procedure to enable routine treatment of narrowed cardiac valve or cardiac valve insufficiency without major stress to the patient.
One object of certain embodiments of the present disclosure was to provide a catheter system for delivery of a prosthesis, e.g. a heart valve, which is easy to handle. In particular wherein the heart valve can securely be loaded and crimped without negative side effects due to the loading and crimping procedure.
Another object of certain embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide for a catheter and delivery system for a prosthesis designed in a manner in order to facilitate the delivery of the prosthesis to the target site. In particular provide for a system design wherein the maneuvering through the vasculature of a patient is possible without the disadvantages known in the prior art.
Another object of certain embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide for a design wherein the prosthesis can be securely positioned and delivered to the target site with the possibility to terminate the delivery procedure and to retract the prosthesis until a certain procedural time point. Moreover, it is an object of certain embodiments of the present disclosure to enable the free movement of the prosthesis in axial direction and rotational direction.
Another object of certain embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide for a step-wise liberation of the prosthesis in order to place the prosthesis correctly at the target site, enable repositioning in this manner and/or fine tuning of the positioning procedure.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate in one aspect to a catheter system comprising i. a steering means; and ii. a delivery means for a heart valve, optionally balloon expandable or self-expandable, wherein the steering means and the delivery means are coaxially and rotationally independently movable.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a delivery system for a heart valve comprising i. a steering means; ii. a delivery means for a heart valve and iii. an introducer sheath wherein the steering means, the delivery means and the introducer sheath are coaxially and circumferentially independently movable.
In yet another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method for the delivery of a heart valve to the heart of a patient comprising the steps i. in a first step placing an introducer comprising an introducer sheath into a patient's vasculature; ii. in a second step introducing a catheter system having fixed thereto a self-expanding heart valve through the introducer into the patient's vasculature; iii. in a third step positioning the self-expanding heart valve proximal to the target site in the patient's heart, optionally positioning the heart valve substantially central in the target area; iv. in a fourth step positioning the self-expanding heart valve at the target site; v. in a fifth step partially releasing the self-expanding heart valve from the catheter system; vi. in a sixth step fully releasing the self-expanding heart valve from the catheter system.
In yet another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method of loading a self-expanding heart valve onto a delivery means of a catheter system having an inner shaft, an attachable distal tip, and at least one outer sheath, consisting of
compressing the self-expanding heart valve radially and placing the compressed self-expanding heart valve into a tubular retainer, the retainer preventing the self-expanding valve from expanding radially,
passing the inner shaft of the delivery system through the central opening of the compressed self-expanding heart valve,
attaching the distal tip to the shaft of the delivery system,
advancing the outer sheath onto the compressed heart valve to prevent radial expansion of at least part of the heart valve, and
removing the tubular retainer from the compressed self-expanding heart valve. In yet another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a 2-step deployment procedure of a heart valve.
In yet another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure relate in particular to the attachment of a heart valve in a catheter or delivery system wherein only the lateral parts of the heart valve are fixed and/or covered by a fixation means of the catheter and wherein essentially the middle part of the heart valve is not being covered.
In yet another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a steerable catheter for the delivery of a heart valve.
Briefly stated, transcatheter heart valves are delivered by transapical (TA) and/or transfemoral (TF) delivery systems featuring novel preshaped sheaths and/or steerable catheters to enable emplacement leveraging benefits of proprietary JenaValve® brand of prosthetics.
According to the some embodiment, transcatheter heart valve delivery systems include a Pericardial THV system which comprises a specialized prosthesis; a prosthetic delivery system and separate valve loader.
According to some embodiments, the prosthesis is constructed from porcine pericardial tissue and attached to a self-expanding Nitinol stent scaffold with polyester sutures, having specialized struts and the ability to fit into either transapical or transfemoral catheter delivering devices, as further described, illustrated and claimed below.
According to some embodiments, transapical and/or transfemoral catheter delivery systems are effective to collapsibly house and deliver the scaffold, which has a crown-like design, and works with a pre-shaped sheath and/or steerable catheters, as further described, illustrated and claimed below.
According to some embodiments, the instant systems match with at least three valve sizes, accommodating native valve annulus diameters from at least about 21 to 27 mm.
In accordance with an aspect, the present disclosure provides a catheter system for introducing an expandable heart valve into the body of a patient, the catheter system comprising delivering means for the heart valve.
In some aspects of the present disclosure, the delivering means comprises a catheter tip and a catheter shaft. The catheter tip of the delivery means has a seat portion for accommodating the heart valve to be introduced into the patient's body in its collapsed or crimped state. The catheter tip has further holding means for realisably fixing the heart valve to the catheter tip.
The seat portion of the catheter tip is constituted by a first retaining means and a second retaining means. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first retaining means and second retaining means may be constituted by a first sleeve-shaped member and a second sleeve-shaped member.
The first retaining means of the catheter tip serves for reversibly securing a distal end section of the heart valve to the delivery means and, in particular, to the catheter tip of the delivery means. On the other hand, the second retaining means of the catheter tip serves for reversibly securing a proximal end section of the heart valve to the delivery means and, in particular, to the catheter tip of the delivery means.
The first and second retaining means are moveable relative to each other and also relative to the holding means of the catheter tip.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the catheter shaft of the delivery means comprises first force transmitting means and second force transmitting means.
A distal end section of the first force transmitting means is connected or connectable to the first retaining means of the catheter tip and a proximal end section of the first force transmitting means is connected or connectable to a first operating means of a handle of the delivery means. A distal end section of the second force transmitting means is connected or connectable to the second retaining means of the catheter tip and a proximal end section of the second force transmitting means is connected or connectable to a second operating means of the handle of the delivery means.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the handle of the delivery means has at least one first operating means and at least one second operating means with which the catheter tip of the delivery means may be appropriately manipulated so that an expandable heart valve secured to the catheter tip may be released from the catheter tip in steps or in a defined or definable sequence of events.
In accordance with preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, the catheter tip has first and second retaining means—for example in the form of sleeve-shaped members—which may be manipulated with the handle of the delivery means. These retaining means are used for releasably and reversibly securing a distal and proximal end section of the heart valve to the catheter tip.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first retaining means serves for releasably and reversibly securing first functional components of the heart valve, for example retaining hoops of a stent or alternatively positioning hoops of a stent, while the second retaining means serves for releasably and reversibly securing second functional components of the heart valve, for example, positioning hoops of a stent or alternatively for accommodating retaining hoops of a stent.
In relation to the handle of the delivery means, it is preferably provided that, on one hand, the first operating means cooperate with the first retaining means of the catheter tip so that, on actuation of the first operating means, a previously definable longitudinal displacement of the first retaining means may be effected relative to the holding means. On the other hand, the second operating means cooperates with the second retaining means of the catheter tip so that a previously definable longitudinal displacement of the second retaining means may be affected relative to the holding means.
In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first and second retaining means only serve for securing the distal and proximal end sections of the heart valve to the catheter tip. In case the first and second retaining means are configured as first and second sleeve-shaped members, these sleeve-shaped members have a length such that a gap is between the first and second sleeve-shaped members when securing the distal and proximal end sections of the heart valve to the catheter tip.
In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first force transmitting means of the delivery means is constituted by a first catheter tube defining a first lumen, and the second force transmitting means of the delivery means is constituted by a second catheter tube defining a second lumen. The second catheter tube has a cross-section less than the cross-section of the first catheter tube. The first catheter tube is disposed concentrically and coaxially with the second catheter tube and the second catheter tube is received within the first lumen defined by the first catheter tube.
Contrary to the first and second sleeve-shaped members of the catheter tip, however, the holding means of the catheter tip is not moveable relative to the handle of the delivery means. Rather, the holding means is connected to the handle of the delivery means by using a holding tube having a distal end connected to the holding means and a proximal end connected to a body of the handle of the delivery means. The holding tube has a cross-section less than the cross-section of the first catheter tube. In particular, the first catheter tube is disposed concentrically and coaxially with both, the second catheter tube on the one hand and the holding tube on the other hand.
Preferably, the holding tube has a cross-section less than the cross-section of the first catheter tube and greater than the cross-section of the second catheter tube such that the holding tube is received within the first lumen defined by the first catheter tube and the second catheter tube is received within a passageway defined by the holding tube. The passageway defined by the holding tube has a diameter sufficient to accommodate the second catheter tube such that the second catheter tube is moveable relative to the holding tube.
The second lumen defined by the second catheter tube has a diameter sufficient to accommodate a guide wire. The second catheter tube is made from a rigid material including, for example, nitinol, stainless steel or a rigid plastic material. The material of the distal end section of the second catheter tube may have an increased flexibility compared to the material of the proximal end section in order to allow the distal end section of the catheter shaft to pass the aortic arch during insertion of the catheter tip.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the distal end section of the second catheter tube terminates in a soft catheter end tip having an atraumatic shape. The soft catheter end tip is provided with a channel aligned with the second lumen defined by the second catheter tube such that a guide wire accommodated within the second lumen of the second catheter tube may pass through the channel of the soft catheter end tip. The second sleeve-shaped member of the catheter tip is connected to the soft catheter end tip such that the opened end of the second sleeve-shaped member faces in the proximal direction opposite to the direction of the soft catheter end tip and to the second catheter tube.
The holding tube is preferably made of a rigid material, for example, a rigid plastic material, stainless steel or Nitinol. The distal end of the holding tube terminates in the holding means which is also made of a rigid material, for example, a rigid plastic material or stainless steel. The passageway defined by the holding tube is aligned with a channel which passes through the holding means. In this way, the second catheter tube is accommodated in the passageway of the holding tube and the channel of the holding means such as to be moveable relative to the holding tube and the holding means.
The holding tube is provided for connecting the holding means to the handle of the delivery means. For this purpose, the holding tube has a distal end connected to the holding means and a proximal end connected to a body of the handle of the delivery means.
The first catheter tube is preferably made of a bendable but inelastic material. For example, the first catheter tube may be at least partly made of a braided or non-braided catheter tube. Hence, the first catheter tube may have a stiff braid reinforced body similar to the catheter body described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,665,604 which is incorporated herein by reference.
The first catheter tube shall be adapted to transfer compression and tension forces from the first operating means of the handle of the delivery means to the first retaining means of the catheter tip without overly changing of its total length. The distal end of the first catheter tube terminates at a flared section as the transition to the section defining the first retaining means of the catheter tip.
The flared section and the first retaining means may be formed integrally and may be connected to the distal end section of the first catheter tube. Alternatively, the first retaining means and the flared section of the first catheter tube may be all of the same material and originating from the same raw tube prior to a widening process so that the flared section and the first retaining means are the same elements.
In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, the catheter system further comprises steering means. The steering means serves for guiding the delivery means and, in particular, the catheter tip of the delivery means when advancing the catheter tip through the patient's vasculature.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the steering means comprises a steerable catheter tube having a proximal end section and a distal end section. The proximal end section of the steerable catheter tube is connected or connectable with a handle of the steering means.
The handle of the steering means is provided with operating means, for example in the form of a rotatable knob or wheel, by means of which a flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube can be controlled.
In accordance with other embodiments disclosed herein, the steerable catheter tube of the steering means is provided without any flexural link region, which can be manipulated by corresponding operating means. Rather, in these embodiments, the material of the distal end section of the steerable catheter tube may have an increased flexibility compared to the material of the proximal end section. In this way, the distal end section of the steerable catheter tube may easily pass, for example, the aortic arch during insertion of the steerable catheter tube.
In some embodiments disclosed herein, the handle of the steering means is provided with operating means by means of which a flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube can be controlled, wherein the operating means preferably has a detent device to allow a set deflection of the flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube to be fixed. For example, it is possible to provide a suitable catch mechanism on the operating means, which cooperates with a body of the handle of the steering means. In particular, it is possible for the flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube to be connected to the operating means of the steering means by way of a control wire whereby, on an actuation of the operating means via the control wire a tensile forces is exerted on the flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube, which produces a predefined or predefinable deflection of the flexural link region.
However it is also possible, of course, to choose other embodiments as the operating means of the steering means for deflecting the steerable catheter tube or a flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube, in case the steerable catheter tube is provided with such a flexural link region.
In accordance with some embodiments disclosed herein, the proximal end section of the steerable catheter tube of the steering means terminates in a port section of the steering means or is connected with a port section of the steering means. The port section of the steering means serves for introducing the catheter tip and catheter shaft of the delivery means into the steerable catheter tube. For this purpose, the port section of the steering means has a lumen defining a passageway which extends through the port section, the distal end section of the passageway being aligned with the proximal end section of the steerable catheter tube.
The port section of the steering means is preferably integrated in or connected with the handle of the steering means.
The catheter tip and catheter shaft of the delivery means is introducible (via the port section of the steering means) into the steerable catheter tube. The catheter shaft of the delivery means and particularly the first catheter tube of the catheter shaft of the delivery means is moveable relative to the steerable catheter tube. In particular, the steerable catheter tube terminates proximal to the catheter tip wherein the cross-section of proximal end section of the introducer sheath shall be substantially the same as or slightly larger than the cross-section of the flared section provided at the proximal end of the first catheter tube.
The proximal end section of the steering means and, in particular, the proximal end section of the port section of the steering means is releasably connectable to the handle of the delivery means.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the catheter system further comprises an introducer having an introducer sheath. The introducer sheath has a cross-section greater than the cross-section of the steerable catheter tube of the steering means.
The introducer sheath serves as guiding means when introducing the delivery means and/or the steering means and, in particular, the steerable catheter tube of the steering means into the patient's vasculature. In more detail, the introducer sheath defines a passageway through which the catheter tip and catheter shaft of the delivery means and/or the steerable catheter tube of the steering means may be guided to the implantation side within the patient's body.
The introducer sheath has a distal end, a proximal end and a passageway extending there between. The introducer sheath has a length such that the distal end of the introducer sheath terminates proximal to the catheter tip of the delivery system, when the catheter shaft and the catheter tip of the delivery system has been fully introduced into the introducer sheath.
When at least a section of the catheter shaft of the delivery means or at least a section of the steerable catheter tube of the steering means has been introduced into the passageway defined by the introducer sheath, the introducer sheath is disposed concentrically and coaxially with the section of the catheter shaft of the delivery means or the steerable catheter tube of the steering means.
In any case, however, the catheter shaft of the delivery means and/or the steerable catheter tube of the steering means is moveable relative to the introducer sheath. In particular, the introducer sheath terminates proximal to the catheter tip wherein the cross-section of proximal end section of the introducer sheath shall be substantially the same as or slightly larger than the cross-section of the steerable catheter tube.
The proximal end section of the introducer sheath is connected to an introducer port. The introducer port serves for providing access to the introducer sheath of the introducer required for delivering the delivery means or the steerable catheter tube of the steering means into the introducer sheath.
The introducer port may comprise a base member which is configured to be manually fixable to the handle of the delivery means, when the catheter shaft of the delivery means is introduced into the passageway defined by the introducer sheath, or to be manually fixable to the handle of the steering means, when the steerable catheter tube of the steering means is introduced into the passageway defined by the introducer sheath.
In accordance with some embodiments disclosed herein, the introducer port is provided with a sealing arrangement for preventing leakage of fluid, in particular blood, from the introducer, when the introducer sheath is introduced into the patient's vasculature.
In some embodiments disclosed herein, the proximal end section of the introducer sheath terminates in a crimping section distal to the sealing arrangement of the introducer port. The crimping section of the introducer serves for crimping at least a middle section of a heart valve fixed to the catheter tip of the delivery means during the introduction of the catheter tip into the introducer sheath. As already mentioned above, according to embodiments disclosed herein, preferably only the distal and proximal end sections of the heart valve are fixed to the catheter tip of the delivery means by means of the first and second retaining means, wherein no dedicated retaining means is allocated to the middle section of the heart valve between the distal and proximal end sections of the heart valve.
For crimping the middle section of the heart valve during the introduction of the catheter tip into the introducer sheath, the catheter tip passes through the crimping section of the introducer thereby further reducing the diameter of the middle section of the heart valve fixed to the catheter tip. In some embodiments disclosed herein, the crimping section may comprise a conical tubular member having an inner diameter which decreases in the distal direction of the tubular member.
The introducer sheath may be of a thin material such as to allow length deformation of the introducer sheath upon transfer of compression and tension forces. The introducer sheath material, however, shall have sufficient stiffness in order to mechanically avoid kinking of the flexible sections of the distal portion of the catheter shaft during insertion of the catheter tip.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the introducer sheath has a pre-shaped, preferably curved, configuration.
An inlet may be provided at a proximal end section of the steering means, the introducer and/or the delivery means for injection of fluids, if necessary. Furthermore, a check valve may be provided at the proximal end section of the introducer sheath to prevent fluid from leaking out of the introducer sheath.
The introducer sheath may have a length sufficient to protect the inner wall of the blood vessel through which the catheter tip passes. In addition, a separate introducer system (not belonging to the catheter system) may be provided. The introducer system then may serve as a portal for passing the complete catheter system from the catheter tip to the catheter shaft into the patient's body and up to the heart.
In addition, the introducer sheath reduces the compression force exerted on the first catheter tube that is inserted through the introducer sheath. This increases manoeuvrability of the steerable catheter tube and the catheter shaft of the delivery means throughout the procedure. A consequence thereof is that any frictional force is reduced. Moreover, moving the catheter tip after it has been advanced through the vascular system of a patient, is greatly improved while at the same time lowering the risk of injury of the patient.
The length of the introducer sheath depends on the length of the catheter shaft of the delivery means and will typically be between about 20 cm and 100 cm. Those skilled in the art will appreciate, however, that all dimensions provided herein are intended as examples only, and that the introducer sheaths and catheter tubes of different dimensions may be substituted for a particular use.
As will be appreciated, the introducer sheath will be of a size, i.e. has an outer diameter, which will permit insertion in a patient's blood vessel (artery or vein) which is used for moving the stent transarterially or via a vein to an insufficient heart valve.
The introducer sheath may be capable of traversing tortuous pathways in the body of the patient without kinking. The introducer sheath may include an inner lubricious liner, an outer polymeric jacket, and a coil reinforcement between the inner and the outer layers. This introducer sheath may provide favourable flexibility without kinking or compression. One or more radiopaque bands or markers may be incorporated within the introducer sheaths material to allow precise location of the introducer sheaths distal end for positioning accuracy. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other known materials may also be suitable for a particular purpose.
The catheter system is particularly adapted to deliver and implant a heart valve as described for example in the European Patent Application No. 07 110 318 or in the European Patent Application No. 08 151 963. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a heart valve is accordingly used which comprises a stent and a heart valve prosthesis attached to the stent. The stent exhibits the following:
a first retaining region, to which the heart valve prosthesis can be attached;
an opposing, second retaining region with at least one retaining element, for example in the form of retaining eyes or in the form of retaining heads, whereby at least one retaining element of the stent can be put in releasable engagement with the holding means of the catheter tip of the delivery means;
at least one retaining hoop, to which the heart valve prosthesis can be fastened; and
at least one and preferably three positioning hoops, which are designed to engage in pockets of the native heart valve in the implanted state of the stent, thus to enable automatic positioning of the stent in the aorta of the patient.
In particular, a catheter system is disclosed herein, with which an expandable heart valve stent with a heart valve prosthesis attached to this stent can be advanced to the implantation site in a particularly simple way, for example via the aorta of a patient being treated (transarterially or transfemorally). Preferably, during transarterial or transfemoral access by the catheter system, the whole free cross-section available within the aorta is not completely filled up, since the catheter tip provided at the distal end region of the catheter system, in which the stent can be accommodated with the heart valve prosthesis, can be made sufficiently small with respect to its external diameter.
The expandable heart valve stent with the heart valve prosthesis attached to it can be fixed temporarily during implantation in a crimped state to the catheter tip of the delivery means.
The catheter system designed for transarterial or transfemoral access is therefore suitable for inserting a heart valve stent with a heart valve prosthesis attached to it, transarterially or transfemorally into the body of the patient; for example, the catheter tip of the delivery means of the catheter system is inserted via puncture of the A. femoris communis (inguinal artery).
In particular, with the catheter system designed for transarterial or transfemoral access, the catheter shaft of the delivery means may be designed so that it is both kink-resistant and flexible such that a bending radius of up to 4 cm, and preferably up to 3 cm, can be realised, at least at the distal end region of the catheter shaft.
Various embodiments will be described with reference to the appended drawings below.
Of these:
In the following, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail.
As depicted, for example, in
The delivery means 10 has a catheter tip 11, a catheter shaft 12, and a handle 13 connected to the proximal end section of the catheter shaft 12. In this regard, reference is also made to
As illustrated, for example, in
The delivery means 10 further comprises a catheter shaft 12 for connecting the catheter tip 11 to the handle 13 of the delivery means 10, the distal end section of the catheter shaft 12 being flexible enough such that the catheter tip 11 and the distal end section of the catheter shaft 12 may pass the aortic arch during insertion through the aorta of the patient.
The seat portion of the catheter tip 11 comprises first retaining means 15 and second retaining means 16, the respective cross-sections of the first and second retaining means 15, 16 may be identical to each other. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in
The first and second retaining means 15, 16 are movable relative to each other and relative to the holding means 14. For this purpose, first force transmitting means 20 with a distal end section connected to the first retaining means 15 and a proximal end section connected to first operating means 17 of the handle 13 are provided. In addition, second force transmitting means 21 with a distal end section connected to the second retaining means 16 and a proximal end section connected to second operating means 18 of the handle 13 are provided. When manipulating the first and/or second operating means 17, 18 of the handle 13, the first and/or second retaining means 15, 16 may be moved relative to each other and relative to the holding means 14.
As can be seen from
The holding tube 22 may have a cross-section less than the cross-section of the first catheter tube of the first force transmitting means 20. In particular, the first catheter tube of the first force transmitting means 20 may be disposed concentrically and coaxially with both, the second catheter tube of the second force transmitting means 21 on the one hand and the holding tube 22 on the other hand.
In some embodiments, the holding tube 22 has a cross-section less than the cross-section of the first catheter tube and greater than the cross-section of the second catheter tube such that the holding tube 22 is received within the first lumen defined by the first catheter tube and the second catheter tube is received within a passageway defined by the holding tube 22. The passageway defined by the holding tube 22 has a diameter sufficient to accommodate the second catheter tube such that the second catheter tube is moveable relative to the holding tube 22.
The second lumen defined by the second catheter tube has a diameter sufficient to accommodate a guide wire (not shown). The second catheter tube may be made from a rigid material including, for example, Nitinol, stainless steel or a rigid plastic material. The material of the distal end section of the second catheter tube may have an increased flexibility compared to the material of the proximal end section in order to allow the distal end section of the catheter shaft 12 to pass the aortic arch during insertion of the catheter tip 11.
As can been seen, for example, from
According to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the holding tube 22 is made of a rigid material, for example, a rigid plastic material, stainless steel or Nitinol. The distal end of the holding tube 22 terminates in the holding means 14 which is also made of a rigid material, for example, a rigid plastic material or stainless steel. The passageway defined by the holding tube 22 is aligned with a channel which passes through the holding means 14. In this way, the second catheter tube is accommodated in the passageway of the holding tube 22 and the channel of the holding means 14 such as to be moveable relative to the holding tube 22 and the holding means 14.
The first catheter tube of the first force transmitting means 20 is made of a bendable but inelastic material. For example, the first catheter tube may be at least partly made of a braided or non-braided catheter tube. The first catheter tube shall be adapted to transfer compression and tension forces from the first operating means 17 of the handle 13 to the first retaining means 15 of the catheter tip 11 without overly changing its total length. The distal end of the first catheter tube terminates at a flared section as a transition to the section defining the first retaining means 15 of the catheter tip 11.
The flared section and the first retaining means 15 may be formed integrally and may be connected to the distal end section of the first catheter tube. In addition, the flared section may constitute the first retaining means 15 of the catheter tip 11. The first retaining means 15 and the flared section of the first catheter tube may be all of the same material and originating from the same raw tube prior to a widening process so that the flared section and the first retaining means 15 are the same elements.
Referring for example to
As illustrated in
The handle 32 of the steering means 30 is provided with operating means 33, for example in the form of a rotatable knob or wheel, by means of which a flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube 31 can be controlled.
As illustrated in
Although not explicitly shown in
As can be seen from
However it is also possible, of course, to choose other embodiments as the operating means 33 of the steering means 30 for deflecting the steerable catheter tube 31 or a flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube 31.
In the exemplary embodiment of the steering means 30 illustrated in
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
The introducer sheath 41 serves as guiding means when introducing the delivery means 10 and/or the steering means 30 and, in particular, the steerable catheter tube 31 of the steering means 30 into the patient's vasculature. In more detail, the introducer sheath 41 defines a passageway through which the catheter tip 11 and catheter shaft 12 of the delivery means 10 and/or the steerable catheter tube 31 of the steering means 30 may be guided to the implantation side within the patient's body.
A sectional-side view of one embodiment of the introducer 40 is illustrated in
Hence, the introducer sheath 41 has a distal end, a proximal end and a passageway extending there between. The introducer sheath 41 has a length such that the distal end of the introducer sheath 41 terminates proximal to the catheter tip 11 of the delivery system, when the catheter shaft 12 and the catheter tip 11 of the delivery system 100 has been fully introduced into the introducer sheath 41.
When at least a section of the catheter shaft 12 of the delivery means 10 or at least a section of the steerable catheter tube 31 of the steering means 30 has been introduced into the passageway defined by the introducer sheath 41, the introducer sheath 41 is disposed concentrically and coaxially with the section of the catheter shaft 12 of the delivery means 10 or the steerable catheter tube 31 of the steering means 30.
In any case, however, the catheter shaft 12 of the delivery means 10 and/or the steerable catheter tube 31 of the steering means 30 is moveable relative to the introducer sheath 41. In particular, the introducer sheath 41 terminates proximal to the catheter tip 11 wherein the cross-section of proximal end section of the introducer sheath 41 shall be substantially the same as or slightly larger than the cross-section of the steerable catheter tube 31.
The proximal end section of the introducer sheath 41 is connected to an introducer port 42. The introducer port 42 serves for providing access to the introducer sheath 41 of the introducer 40 required for delivering the delivery means 10 or the steerable catheter tube 31 of the steering means 30 into the introducer sheath 41.
The introducer port 42 may comprise a base member 43 which is configured to be manually fixable to the steerable catheter tube 31 is introduced into the passageway defined by the introducer sheath 41, or to be manually fixable to the handle 32 of the steering means 30, when the steerable catheter tube 31 of the steering means 30 is introduced into the passageway defined by the introducer sheath 41.
As can be seen from
Moreover, in the exemplary embodiment of the introducer 40 illustrated in
For crimping the middle section of the heart valve during the introduction of the catheter tip 11 into the introducer sheath 41, the catheter tip 11 passes through the crimping section 45 of the introducer 40 thereby further reducing the diameter of the middle section of the heart valve fixed to the catheter tip 11. As illustrated in
The introducer sheath 41 may be of a thin material such as to allow bending of the introducer sheath 41 in order to follow the tortuous pathway from the femoral artery to the implant site. The introducer sheath 41 material, however, shall have sufficient stiffness in order to mechanically avoid kinking of the flexible sections of the distal portion of the catheter shaft 12 during insertion of the catheter tip 11.
An inlet 1, 1′, 1″ may be provided at a proximal end sections of the steering means 30, the introducer 40 and/or the delivery means 10 for injection of fluids, if necessary. Furthermore, a check valve may be provided at the proximal end section of the introducer sheath 41 to prevent fluid from leaking out of the introducer sheath 41.
The introducer sheath 41 may have a length sufficient to protect the inner wall of the blood vessel through which the catheter tip 11 passes. In addition, a separate introducer system (not belonging to the catheter system) may be provided. The introducer system then may serve as a portal for passing the complete catheter system from the catheter tip 11 to the catheter shaft 12 into the patient's body and up to the heart.
In addition, the introducer sheath 41 reduces the compression force exerted on the first catheter tube that is inserted through the introducer sheath 41. This increases manoeuvrability of the steerable catheter tube 31 and the catheter shaft 12 of the delivery means 10 throughout the procedure. A consequence thereof is that any frictional force is reduced. Moreover, moving the catheter tip 11 after it has been advanced through the vascular system of a patient, is greatly improved while at the same time lowering the risk of injury of the patient.
As will be appreciated, the introducer sheath 41 will be of a size, i.e. has an outer diameter, which will permit insertion in a patient's blood vessel (artery or vein) which is used for moving the stent transarterially or via a vein to an insufficient heart valve.
The
The
In one aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a catheter system, comprising:
In an embodiment, said catheter system is compatible with an introducer for intravascular, optionally transfemora (TF), applications or can be modified to be suitable for transapical (TA) delivery of a replacement heart valve. In such a TA system and means the direction in which the heart prosthesis is releaseably connected with the delivery means in turned by 180° compared to the TF application.
In some embodiments, the catheter system according to the present disclosure is made such that the introducer comprises an introducer sheath which extends or is extendable through the vascular duct and optionally proximal to the target site of the heart and optionally wherein the introducer sheath exhibits a crimping section.
The catheter system according to embodiments of the present disclosure may have a first and a second retaining means at the distal end of the catheter system to reversibly secure the heart valve to the delivery means.
Optionally the catheter system according to embodiments of the present disclosure is characterized in that the first retaining means reversibly secures the distal end of the heart valve to the delivery means and the second retaining means reversibly secures the proximal end of the heart valve to the delivery means.
In an embodiment, the mid-section of the heart valve is not covered by a sleeve means. It thus rests flexible in terms of diameter and the tissue is not pressured by way of a crimping procedure that results in tension onto the pericard valve material. In this manner the heart valve is only crimped during the deployment procedure and thus the time during which the replacement heart valve is crimped to its smallest diameter is kept relatively short.
Accordingly, in at least one embodiment of a catheter system according to the present disclosure the diameter of the secured heart valve varies over its length, and preferably the heart valve is compressible over its length to the inner diameter of the introducer sheath.
In at least one embodiment thus the catheter system according to the present disclosure the inner diameter if the introducer sheath can be chosen as required by the respective application and may be less than 24 French, for example, less than 20 French, less than 18 French, and even less than 16 French.
In at least one embodiment the introducer sheath has a pre-shaped, preferably a curved, configuration.
The skilled person will appreciate that materials usually applied in catheter and delivery systems can also be used in embodiments according to the present disclosure. For example, in a catheter system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure the introducer sheath is characterized by a flexible polymer, a hydrophilic coating, a PTFE liner, coil reinforcement and/or braid reinforcement.
The replacement heart valve may be attached with useful meant to the delivery means which are compatible with the other parts of the device. In an embodiment the heart valve is attached to the delivery means by way of holding means wherein the heart valve and the delivery means exhibit complementary shapes. For example, the heart valve may have male connector elements at the distal and proximal end to engage with female connector elements on the delivery means.
In at least one embodiment according to the present disclosure in the catheter system the delivery means and steering means are operated by one or two means, optionally one or two handles. The steering means may exhibit means to deflect the shaft of the delivery catheter from a relaxed configuration into a curved configuration.
In at least one embodiment of the catheter system according to the present disclosure the delivery means and steering means are releasably connectable.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a delivery system for a heart valve comprising i. a steering means; ii. a delivery means for a heart valve and iii. an introducer sheath wherein the steering means, the delivery means and the introducer sheath are coaxially and circumferentially independently movable.
In an exemplary embodiment the introducer sheath extends or is extendable through the vascular duct and optionally proximal to the heart.
The different parts and sections of the delivery system may be adapted to each other and made in a way that they are compatible in their constructive and functional characteristics. In at least one embodiment, the steering means, the delivery means and the introducer sheath are at least sectionally, partially or substantially completely arranged coaxially to each other. The steering means, the delivery means and the introducer sheath may be coaxially and rotationally independently movable.
In the delivery system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the delivery means and steering means can be simultaneously or independently introducible into the introducer sheath.
In the delivery system according to embodiments of the present disclosure the introducer sheath can exhibit a crimping section for reducing the diameter of the heart valve attached to the delivery means. Such a crimping section has the advantage that the replacement heart valve is only crimped over its entire length to its minimal diameter during the delivery and deployment procedure which leads to less stress impact onto the pericard tissue of the replacement heart valve.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method for the delivery of a heart valve to the heart of a patient comprising the steps i. in a first step placing an introducer comprising an introducer sheath into a patient's vasculature; ii. in a second step introducing a catheter system having fixed thereto a self-expanding or balloon expandable heart valve through the introducer into the patient's vasculature; iii. in a third step positioning the heart valve proximal to the target site in the patient's heart, optionally positioning the heart valve substantially central in the target area; iv. in a fourth step positioning the heart valve at the target site; v. in a fifth step partially releasing the heart valve from the catheter system; vi. in a sixth step fully releasing the heart valve from the catheter system.
In some methods according to embodiments of the present disclosure at least one segment of the self-expanding heart valve is compressed from a first diameter to a second diameter that is smaller than the first diameter when the self-expanding heart valve is passed through the introducer sheath, preferably the crimping section.
In another aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one segment of the self-expanding heart valve expands from a first diameter to a second diameter that is larger than the first diameter when the self-expanding heart valve exits the distal end of the introducer sheath.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method of loading a self-expanding or balloon expandable heart valve onto a delivery means of a catheter system having at least one shaft and at least one outer sheath and/or is characterized as described above and throughout the specification and comprising or consisting of:
In the following further alternative and/or exemplary embodiments will be described.
In at least one embodiment the present disclosure relates to a delivery system for a prosthesis, e.g. a heart valve, which consists of or comprises in general three components. The three components each consist of a handle wherein each handle is characterized by additional parts as follows.
A port handle comprises a pre-shaped tubular component which can be introduced through the vasculature, e.g. transfemoral, of a patient starting femoral up to proximal to the heart. This introducer sheath has a length of 50 to 150 cm, such as 100 to 120 cm. The tubular element may have a pre-shaped bent or may be designed in a manner so that it easily bents around the main artery proximal the heart. A balloon device can be introduced through this handle/introducer sheath which represents a first step in the prosthesis delivery procedure. This handle exhibits a twist grip and is positioned at the upper leg and is functional to introduce the other components of the delivery system. The tubular component can be pushed through the port handle or is fixed thereto. The tubular component is made from a compatible polymer material reinforced with wire and may include PTFE or Teflon coated at the inside. The port handle may exhibit a valve or other means for closing the hollow entry tube which serves to introduce the introducer sheath and the catheter component of the system. The inner diameter of the introducer sheath is less than 25 French, such as less than 20 French, less than 18 French or has a diameter of 20, 18 or 16 French.
The introducer sheath can be coupled to the second handle (introducer sheath handle) by way of which one can push the introducer sheath combined with the introducer sheath handle. The introducer sheath handle exhibits a wire of similar means in a manner so that the introducer sheath is steerable. In this manner during the deployment of the prosthesis the introducer sheath can be bent or directed in a defined position which will facilitate the deployment procedure. The first and second handles can exhibit a means to releasable connect them to each other.
A third handle represents the catheter component of the delivery system. It comprises a handle, a catheter shaft, a distal capsule for releasable connecting the prosthesis, a tubing for flushing including a closing means. The handle exhibits control means for connecting the prosthesis and releasing it.
Any component or all components can be introduced by way of a guide wire.
The delivery procedure can follow the steps of opening the femoral vasculature as access and introducing a port and/or a guide wire. The port handle and the introducer sheath is positioned at the upper leg and introduced ascending the aorta. In a next step a balloon device is introduced through the port and the introducer sheath for widening by way of balloon expansion the target site. After this task is performed the balloon device is retrieved. In a next step the catheter is introduced through the introducer sheath. The prosthesis is preloaded onto the catheter at the distal capsule. The prosthesis is connected with its ends at defined mounting positions which represent male/female connections which allow the controlled release of the prosthesis at the target site in a step-wise manner. Accordingly, the prosthesis is connected with the catheter so that the connections represent a small diameter and the prosthesis is otherwise not connected and also not covered by way of a sheath or other covering. Thus the diameter of this middle part of the prosthesis is due to the outward tension of the stent material larger than at the connection sites. An advantage of this design is that a small diameter of the loaded prosthesis can be achieved. In the course of introducing the prosthesis loaded onto the catheter capsule into and through the introducer sheath the prosthesis will be crimped to its final diameter pre-defined by the inner diameter of the introducer sheath. The material design of the introducer sheath facilitates the crimping and also the progression through this sheath.
The prosthesis can now be approached in direction to the target site using the introducer sheath and catheter. Another advantage of the delivery system is that the catheter and the introducer sheath are both coaxially and rotationally independently movable. Moreover, by way of the steering means of the second handle the introducer sheath can be bended and thus facilitate to maneuver the prosthesis through the vasculature to its final target site. Another advantage of a system according to embodiments of the present disclosure is that the catheter handle and the second handle of the introducer sheath with the steering means can be moved and operated independently.
The release procedure can be managed by a reversible two-step process. The release process is initiated once the feelers of the prosthesis are placed inside the cusps of the native aortic valve. In a first step the proximal connecting means is pushed in a forward direction/proximal direction. This will release the proximal end of the prosthesis. The catheter of the prosthesis may exhibit visualization means for better visual control. In a second step, the distal connecting means may be retracted or pulled back by way of a control means on the catheter handle to release the distal end of the prosthesis and disconnect the entire prosthesis from the catheter. The control means can be designed as independent means for each connecting means or in a connected manner.
Thus the advantages of embodiments of the present disclosure are that the loading and in particular crimping of the prosthesis is achieved by way of the introducer sheath and thus the crimping procedure is combined with the introduction of the prosthesis into the vasculature which facilitates the process. This implies the advantage that a separate cover means to crimp the prosthesis beforehand is not necessary with the effect and additional advantage that the tissue of the prosthesis is more smoothly and less vigorously crimped. This implies a lower risk of damages to the tissue. Moreover, the crimping procedure is facilitated and the middle part of the prosthesis which is usually the thickest part of a valve prosthesis needs not be crimped by a special device or by hand. Another advantage is the steering mechanism independent from the catheter handle. The extension of the port by way of the introducer sheath for the delivery of heart prosthesis is novel and has the advantages as above described.
A further advantage is that the bending can be managed independently from the delivery capsule. Thus all parts like port, handles, capsule, steerable means and prosthesis are all independently movable and coaxially and rotationally movable which facilitates the deployment of the prosthesis at the target site. Moreover, the prosthesis may be deployed by a two-step procedure and is repositionable. The procedure may also be aborted during the delivery procedure.
The combination of the different components of the delivery system may help to achieve certain advantages and superior delivery and deployment results in a simple and safe manner.
The release of the heart valve prosthesis from the delivery means can occur in a 2-step deployment way.
The skilled person will appreciate that the catheter system, the delivery system, the method for loading and the method for the delivery of the heart valve to the heart may be combined with suitable devices and methods or steps to prepare the target site in the heart for the deployment of the replacement heart valve prosthesis. Accordingly, a balloon device or balloon system can be applied before the delivery of the replacement heart valve to expand the target site within the heart. This system may be introduced by way of the port and/or introducer sheath according to embodiments of the present disclosure which exhibits the advantage that the port and introducer sheath can be positioned in the patient's vasculator entrance femorally and only one access is necessary to perform the dilatation of the target site by way of balloon expansion. After the balloon device is retrieved the replacement prosthesis can be applied as described above.
Parts and devices that are introduced can be guided by a guide wire known in the art and made from materials as usually applied in the field.
It can be advantageous if the tip of the catheter device is made of a soft or semi firm material and/or which is bendable in order to easily pass through the vasculator of the patient. Known materials can be used for such a flexible tip.
It is emphasized that the combination of the introducer sheath with the delivery catheter part according to embodiments of the present disclosure does not only simplify the loading and delivery procedure but an advantage is also that less layers of heart valve prosthesis coverage is needed and thus the diameter and crimping diameter can be reduced or/and the forces applied to the prosthesis is influenced in an advantageous manner. Thus less impact as compared in conventional devices and loading procedures can be expected which implies the advantage of less damage and a longer lifespan of the replacement heart valve.
In view of the particular construction characteristics of various catheters and delivery devices according to embodiments of the present disclosure one can denote two steps to the delivery procedure. The first step being the placement and the port, introducer sheath and loading of the replacement heart valve and the second step the deployment of the heart valve to the target site. The deployment as such is in turn a two-step sequence of steps with a first release step of part of the replacement heart valve and in a second step the final and complete release and final positioning of the replacement heart valve at the target site. In between these steps a retrieval of the replacement heart valve is still possible and offers the option of repositioning and complete retrieval and stop of the deployment procedure.
In accordance with an aspect, the present disclosure provides a catheter system for introducing an expandable heart valve into the body of a patient, the catheter system comprising delivering means for the heart valve.
In some aspects of the present disclosure, the delivering means comprises a catheter tip and a catheter shaft. The catheter tip of the delivery means has a seat portion for accommodating the heart valve to be introduced into the patient's body in its collapsed or crimped state. The catheter tip has further holding means for realisably fixing the heart valve to the catheter tip.
The seat portion of the catheter tip is constituted by a first retaining means and a second retaining means. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first retaining means and second retaining means may be constituted by a first sleeve-shaped member and a second sleeve-shaped member.
The first retaining means of the catheter tip serves for reversibly securing a distal end section of the heart valve to the delivery means and, in particular, to the catheter tip of the delivery means. On the other hand, the second retaining means of the catheter tip serves for reversibly securing a proximal end section of the heart valve to the delivery means and, in particular, to the catheter tip of the delivery means.
The first and second retaining means are moveable relative to each other and also relative to the holding means of the catheter tip.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the catheter shaft of the delivery means comprises first force transmitting means and second force transmitting means.
A distal end section of the first force transmitting means is connected or connectable to the first retaining means of the catheter tip and a proximal end section of the first force transmitting means is connected or connectable to a first operating means of a handle of the delivery means. A distal end section of the second force transmitting means is connected or connectable to the second retaining means of the catheter tip and a proximal end section of the second force transmitting means is connected or connectable to a second operating means of the handle of the delivery means.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the handle of the delivery means has at least one first operating means and at least one second operating means with which the catheter tip of the delivery means may be appropriately manipulated so that an expandable heart valve secured to the catheter tip may be released from the catheter tip in steps or in a defined or definable sequence of events.
In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, the catheter tip has first and second retaining means—for example in the form of sleeve-shaped members—which may be manipulated with the handle of the delivery means. These retaining means are used for releasably and reversibly securing a distal and proximal end section of the heart valve to the catheter tip.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first retaining means serves for releasably and reversibly securing first functional components of the heart valve, for example retaining hoops of a stent or alternatively positioning hoops of a stent, while the second retaining means serves for releasably and reversibly securing second functional components of the heart valve, for example, positioning hoops of a stent or alternatively for accommodating retaining hoops of a stent.
In relation to the handle of the delivery means, in some embodiments it is preferably provided that, on one hand, the first operating means cooperate with the first retaining means of the catheter tip so that, on actuation of the first operating means, a previously definable longitudinal displacement of the first retaining means may be effected relative to the holding means. On the other hand, the second operating means cooperates with the second retaining means of the catheter tip so that a previously definable longitudinal displacement of the second retaining means may be affected relative to the holding means.
In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first and second retaining means only serve for securing the distal and proximal end sections of the heart valve to the catheter tip. In case the first and second retaining means are configured as first and second sleeve-shaped members, these sleeve-shaped members have a length such that a gap is between the first and second sleeve-shaped members when securing the distal and proximal end sections of the heart valve to the catheter tip.
In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first force transmitting means of the delivery means is constituted by a first catheter tube defining a first lumen, and the second force transmitting means of the delivery means is constituted by a second catheter tube defining a second lumen. The second catheter tube has a cross-section less than the cross-section of the first catheter tube. The first catheter tube is disposed concentrically and coaxially with the second catheter tube and the second catheter tube is received within the first lumen defined by the first catheter tube.
Contrary to the first and second sleeve-shaped members of the catheter tip, however, the holding means of the catheter tip is not moveable relative to the handle of the delivery means. Rather, the holding means is connected to the handle of the delivery means by using a holding tube having a distal end connected to the holding means and a proximal end connected to a body of the handle of the delivery means. The holding tube has a cross-section less than the cross-section of the first catheter tube. In particular, the first catheter tube is disposed concentrically and coaxially with both, the second catheter tube on the one hand and the holding tube on the other hand.
In some embodiments, the holding tube has a cross-section less than the cross-section of the first catheter tube and greater than the cross-section of the second catheter tube such that the holding tube is received within the first lumen defined by the first catheter tube and the second catheter tube is received within a passageway defined by the holding tube. The passageway defined by the holding tube has a diameter sufficient to accommodate the second catheter tube such that the second catheter tube is moveable relative to the holding tube.
The second lumen defined by the second catheter tube has a diameter sufficient to accommodate a guide wire. The second catheter tube is made from a rigid material including, for example, nitinol, stainless steel or a rigid plastic material. The material of the distal end section of the second catheter tube may have an increased flexibility compared to the material of the proximal end section in order to allow the distal end section of the catheter shaft to pass the aortic arch during insertion of the catheter tip.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the distal end section of the second catheter tube terminates in a soft catheter end tip having an atraumatic shape. The soft catheter end tip is provided with a channel aligned with the second lumen defined by the second catheter tube such that a guide wire accommodated within the second lumen of the second catheter tube may pass through the channel of the soft catheter end tip. The second sleeve-shaped member of the catheter tip is connected to the soft catheter end tip such that the opened end of the second sleeve-shaped member faces in the proximal direction opposite to the direction of the soft catheter end tip and to the second catheter tube.
In some embodiments, the holding tube is made of a rigid material, for example, a rigid plastic material, stainless steel or Nitinol. The distal end of the holding tube terminates in the holding means which is also made of a rigid material, for example, a rigid plastic material or stainless steel. The passageway defined by the holding tube is aligned with a channel which passes through the holding means. In this way, the second catheter tube is accommodated in the passageway of the holding tube and the channel of the holding means such as to be moveable relative to the holding tube and the holding means.
The holding tube is provided for connecting the holding means to the handle of the delivery means. For this purpose, the holding tube has a distal end connected to the holding means and a proximal end connected to a body of the handle of the delivery means.
In some embodiments, the first catheter tube is preferably made of a bendable but axially rigid material. For example, the first catheter tube may be at least partly made of a braided or non-braided catheter tube. Hence, the first catheter tube may have a stiff braid reinforced body similar to the catheter body described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,665,604 which is incorporated herein by reference.
The first catheter tube shall be adapted to transfer compression and tension forces from the first operating means of the handle of the delivery means to the first retaining means of the catheter tip without overly changing of its total length. The distal end of the first catheter tube terminates at a flared section as the transition to the section defining the first retaining means of the catheter tip.
The flared section and the first retaining means may be formed integrally and may be connected to the distal end section of the first catheter tube.
Alternatively, the first retaining means and the flared section of the first catheter tube may be all of the same material and originating from the same raw tube prior to a widening process so that the flared section and the first retaining means are the same elements.
In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, the catheter system further comprises steering means. The steering means for guiding the delivery means and, in particular, the catheter tip of the delivery means when advancing the catheter tip through the patient's vasculature.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the steering means comprises a steerable catheter tube having a proximal end section and a distal end section. The proximal end section of the steerable catheter tube is connected or connectable with a handle of the steering means.
The handle of the steering means is provided with operating means, for example in the form of a rotatable knob or wheel, by means of which a flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube can be controlled.
In accordance with other embodiments disclosed herein, the material of the distal end section of the steerable catheter tube may have an increased flexibility compared to the material of the proximal end section. In this way, the distal end section of the steerable catheter tube may easily pass, for example, the aortic arch during insertion of the steerable catheter tube.
In some embodiments disclosed herein, the handle of the steering means is provided with operating means by means of which a flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube can be controlled, wherein the operating means preferably has a detent device to allow a set deflection of the flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube to be fixed. For example, it is possible to provide a suitable catch mechanism on the operating means, which cooperates with a body of the handle of the steering means. In particular, it is possible for the flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube to be connected to the operating means of the steering means by way of a control wire whereby, on an actuation of the operating means via the control wire a tensile forces is exerted on the flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube, which produces a predefined or predefinable deflection of the flexural link region.
However it is also possible, of course, to choose other embodiments as the operating means of the steering means for deflecting the steerable catheter tube or a flexural link region of the steerable catheter tube, in case the steerable catheter tube is provided with such a flexural link region.
In accordance with some embodiments disclosed herein, the proximal end section of the steerable catheter tube of the steering means terminates in a port section of the steering means or is connected with a port section of the steering means. The port section of the steering means serves for introducing the catheter tip and catheter shaft of the delivery means into the steerable catheter tube. For this purpose, the port section of the steering means has a lumen defining a passageway which extends through the port section, the distal end section of the passageway being aligned with the proximal end section of the steerable catheter tube.
In some embodiments, the port section of the steering means is preferably integrated in or connected with the handle of the steering means.
The catheter tip and catheter shaft of the delivery means is introducible (via the port section of the steering means) into the steerable catheter tube. The catheter shaft of the delivery means and particularly the first catheter tube of the catheter shaft of the delivery means is moveable relative to the steerable catheter tube. In particular, the steerable catheter tube terminates proximal to the catheter tip wherein the cross-section of proximal end section of the introducer sheath shall be substantially the same as or slightly larger than the cross-section of the flared section provided at the proximal end of the first catheter tube.
The proximal end section of the steering means and, in particular, the proximal end section of the port section of the steering means is releasably connectable to the handle of the delivery means.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the catheter system further comprises an introducer having an introducer sheath. The introducer sheath has a cross-section greater than the cross-section of the steerable catheter tube of the steering means.
The introducer sheath serves as guiding means when introducing the delivery means and/or the steering means and, in particular, the steerable catheter tube of the steering means into the patient's vasculature. In more detail, the introducer sheath defines a passageway through which the catheter tip and catheter shaft of the delivery means and/or the steerable catheter tube of the steering means may be guided to the implantation side within the patient's body.
The introducer sheath has a distal end, a proximal end and a passageway extending there between. The introducer sheath has a length such that the distal end of the introducer sheath terminates proximal to the catheter tip of the delivery system, when the catheter shaft and the catheter tip of the delivery system has been fully introduced into the introducer sheath.
When at least a section of the catheter shaft of the delivery means or at least a section of the steerable catheter tube of the steering means has been introduced into the passageway defined by the introducer sheath, the introducer sheath is disposed concentrically and coaxially with the section of the catheter shaft of the delivery means or the steerable catheter tube of the steering means.
In any case, however, the catheter shaft of the delivery means and/or the steerable catheter tube of the steering means is moveable relative to the introducer sheath. In particular, the introducer sheath terminates proximal to the catheter tip wherein the cross-section of proximal end section of the introducer sheath shall be substantially the same as or slightly larger than the cross-section of the steerable catheter tube.
The proximal end section of the introducer sheath is connected to an introducer port. The introducer port serves for providing access to the introducer sheath of the introducer required for delivering the delivery means or the steerable catheter tube of the steering means into the introducer sheath.
The introducer port may comprise a base member which is configured to be manually fixable to the handle of the delivery means, when the catheter shaft of the delivery means is introduced into the passageway defined by the introducer sheath, or to be manually fixable to the handle of the steering means, when the steerable catheter tube of the steering means is introduced into the passageway defined by the introducer sheath.
In accordance with some embodiments disclosed herein, the introducer port is provided with a sealing arrangement for preventing leakage of fluid, in particular blood, from the introducer, when the introducer sheath is introduced into the patient's vasculature.
In some embodiments disclosed herein, the proximal end section of the introducer sheath terminates in a crimping section distal to the sealing arrangement of the introducer port. The crimping section of the introducer serves for crimping at least a middle section of a heart valve fixed to the catheter tip of the delivery means during the introduction of the catheter tip into the introducer sheath. As already mentioned above, according to embodiments disclosed herein, preferably only the distal and proximal end sections of the heart valve are fixed to the catheter tip of the delivery means by means of the first and second retaining means, wherein no dedicated retaining means is allocated to the middle section of the heart valve between the distal and proximal end sections of the heart valve.
For crimping the middle section of the heart valve during the introduction of the catheter tip into the introducer sheath, the catheter tip passes through the crimping section of the introducer thereby further reducing the diameter of the middle section of the heart valve fixed to the catheter tip. In some embodiments disclosed herein, the crimping section may comprise a conical tubular member having an inner diameter which decreases in the distal direction of the tubular member.
The introducer sheath may be of a thin material such as to allow length deformation of the introducer sheath upon transfer of compression and tension forces. The introducer sheath material, however, shall have sufficient stiffness in order to mechanically avoid kinking of the flexible sections of the distal portion of the catheter shaft during insertion of the catheter tip.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the introducer sheath has a pre-shaped, preferably curved, configuration.
An inlet may be provided at a proximal end section of the steering means, the introducer and/or the delivery means for injection of fluids, if necessary. Furthermore, a check valve may be provided at the proximal end section of the introducer sheath to prevent fluid from leaking out of the introducer sheath.
The introducer sheath may have a length sufficient to protect the inner wall of the blood vessel through which the catheter tip passes. In addition, a separate introducer system (not belonging to the catheter system) may be provided. The introducer system then may serve as a portal for passing the complete catheter system from the catheter tip to the catheter shaft into the patient's body and up to the heart.
In addition, the introducer sheath reduces the compression force exerted on the first catheter tube that is inserted through the introducer sheath. This increases manoeuvrability of the steerable catheter tube and the catheter shaft of the delivery means throughout the procedure. A consequence thereof is that any frictional force is reduced. Moreover, moving the catheter tip after it has been advanced through the vascular system of a patient, is greatly improved while at the same time lowering the risk of injury of the patient.
The length of the introducer sheath depends on the length of the catheter shaft of the delivery means and will typically be between about 20 cm to 60 cm for transaortic (TA) access and 80 cm to 150 cm for transfemoral (TF) access. Those skilled in the art will appreciate, however, that all dimensions provided herein are intended as examples only, and that the introducer sheaths and catheter tubes of different dimensions may be substituted for a particular use.
As will be appreciated, the introducer sheath will be of a size, i.e. has an outer diameter, which will permit insertion in a patient's blood vessel (artery or vein) which is used for moving the stent transarterially or via a vein to an insufficient heart valve.
The introducer sheath may be capable of traversing tortuous pathways in the body of the patient without kinking. The introducer sheath may include an inner lubricious liner, an outer polymeric jacket, and a coil reinforcement between the inner and the outer layers. This introducer sheath may provide favourable flexibility without kinking or compression. One or more radiopaque bands or markers may be incorporated within the introducer sheaths material to allow precise location of the introducer sheaths distal end for positioning accuracy. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other known materials may also be suitable for a particular purpose.
The catheter system is particularly adapted to deliver and implant a heart valve as described for example in the European Patent Application No. 07 110 318 or in the European Patent Application No. 08 151 963. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a heart valve is accordingly used which comprises a stent and a heart valve prosthesis attached to the stent. The stent exhibits the following:
In particular, a catheter system is disclosed herein, with which an expandable heart valve stent with a heart valve prosthesis attached to this stent can be advanced to the implantation site in a particularly simple way, for example via the aorta of a patient being treated (transarterially or transfemorally). In some embodiments, during transarterial or transfemoral access by the catheter system, the whole free cross-section available within the aorta is not completely filled up, since the catheter tip provided at the distal end region of the catheter system, in which the stent can be accommodated with the heart valve prosthesis, can be made sufficiently small with respect to its external diameter.
The expandable heart valve stent with the heart valve prosthesis attached to it can be fixed temporarily during implantation in a crimped state to the catheter tip of the delivery means.
The catheter system designed for transarterial or transfemoral access is therefore suitable for inserting a heart valve stent with a heart valve prosthesis attached to it, transarterially or transfemorally into the body of the patient; for example, the catheter tip of the delivery means of the catheter system is inserted via puncture of the A. femoris communis (inguinal artery).
In particular, with the catheter system designed for transarterial or transfemoral access, the catheter shaft of the delivery means may be designed so that it is both kink-resistant and flexible such that a bending radius of up to 4 cm, e.g., up to 3 cm, can be realised, at least at the distal end region of the catheter shaft.
Exemplary embodiments will be described with reference to the appended drawings below.
In the following section, additional alternative and/or exemplary aspects of the present disclosure will be illustrated:
The embodiments as described in this section above can be combined with the embodiments and with each of the features as depicted in the claims and/or as described above herein.
In particular all aspects 1 to 47 as depicted above and the features contained therein can be combined with the disclosure and in particular with each of the features contained in the attached claims forming part of the disclosure of this application.
The following details will describe and illustrate the above listed alternative and/or exemplary embodiments and wherein the below terms and definitions are to be applied to said aspects 1 to 47: the instant disclosure includes an improved bioproshtetic valve which is indicated for patients with high-grade symptomatic aortic valve stenosis and patients with significant aortic valve regurgitation, who require aortic valve replacement, for whom open heart surgery is associated with increased surgical mortality or patients who are otherwise considered inoperable (e.g. porcelain aorta, chest deformation). Examples of the systems for delivery are described below as proprietary disclosures and ostensively patentable subject matters as offered for consideration.
The system consists of three main components: the Valve Prosthesis, the Delivery System and a separate Valve Loader. Each component comes packaged separately.
The valve prosthesis may be constructed from porcine pericardial tissue that is attached to a self-expanding Nitinol stent scaffold using polyester sutures. The scaffold has a crown design that can collapse to fit inside either a transapical or transfemoral catheter delivery device. The valve prosthesis is available in three valve sizes (23 mm, 25 mm and 27 mm) that accommodate native valve annulus diameters ranging from at least about 21 to 27 mm as indicated in Table 2. The valve comes packaged in a polypropylene jar with glutaraldehyde to maintain sterility. The valve is maintained in the deployed dimensional configuration in the jar with the aid of Polyoxymethylene Ring.
The valve prosthesis may be constructed from porcine pericardial tissue for the leaflets (or cusps) and the skirt. A glutaraldehyde fixation process is used to cross-link and stabilize the collagen structure of the porcine pericardial tissue. The valve leaflets are formed by joining three tissue panels together and attaching them to the metallic stent scaffold using polyester sutures. The prosthesis is sterilized using a solution based sterilization process and then placed in a glutaraldehyde storage solution until ready for implantation. The following sections provide details on each of the structural elements of the prosthesis and a dimensional summary is provided, to demonstrate how the systems of the instant disclosure improve over, and are technically distinct from any known prior art.
Stent Scaffold:
The stent scaffold is produced in three different diameters to accommodate the final intended annular diameter of the valve. The nitinol scaffold has a larger diameter than the final dimension of the valve to ensure a constant outward force on the native valve annulus to avoid any valve movement. In addition, the height of the stent scaffold is also increased with increasing valve size. The outward force of the prosthesis, coupled with the unique fixation feature provided by the clipping mechanism of the feelers, mitigates the known risk of valve movement that has been identified with currently marketed TAVR products.
According to the instant disclosure, in embodiments, the nitinol structure is laser cut from a single tube (OD 7 mm and ID 6 mm). The nitinol is etched in a diamond pattern in the “rhombi” section of the scaffold. The stent scaffold consists of three sets of rails that provide attachment for the leaflet side of the pericardial tissue. It also consists of a nitinol structure below the rail termed as the onion region for pericardial skirt tissue attachment. The stent scaffold additionally consists of nitinol support structures termed as feelers that enable the valve to attach directly to the native valve leaflets for implantation. The stent scaffold may contain eyelets on at least on end of the stent that engage with the delivery system to secure the crimped valve to the delivery system.
Pericardial Tissue:
The pericardial tissue is obtained from a vendor that supplies porcine tissue for a variety of medical implants. As described above, the pericardial tissue is used for the prosthetic valve leaflets, for the valve skirt that provides a seal onto the native valve and for the feeler cover to protect the native tissue from potential damage. The tissue is attached to the nitinol stent scaffold with standard surgical polyester suture material. A 6-0 suture is used to sew the pericardial material to the commissure tabs and the rhombi of nitinol. A 5-0 suture is used to sew the pericardial material to the rails and of the nitinol scaffold.
Fabric Tabs:
The commissure posts and feelers each have a PET fabric tab (pledget) sewn in place using standard surgical polyester 6-0 suture material. The fabric tabs at the commissure are in place to provide structural support during valve assembly and the fabric tabs on feelers covering the pericardial tissue are in place to protect the native tissue from potential damage that may be caused by the nitinol metal.
Valve Implantation Concept
At the outflow section of the valve prosthesis, the self-expanding Nitinol stent scaffold includes three eyelets designed to align with the corresponding recesses at the crown of the delivery system. These mating structures ensure a firm attachment of the prosthesis to the delivery system during the complete course of deployment during implantation. Additional eyelets may be placed on the inflow section of the valve.
According to the instant disclosure, the prosthesis also contains three positional “feelers” that spread apart during delivery of the prosthesis. The feelers are placed in the sinus region behind and at the base of the native leaflets to provide correct positioning with a fixed depth of implant relative to the native leaflet. For enhanced fluoroscopic visualization during the procedure the feelers contain radiopaque markers made of tantalum. The feelers are protected by a small patch of pericardial tissue and fabric sutured to the ends. The Nitinol stent struts at the base of the prosthesis, along with the feelers, provide a securing mechanism of the prosthesis to the native valve leaflets. The inflow of the valve is composed of 24 diamond shaped struts forming a ring that provides the radial strength and seal to securely anchor the valve in position to the native annulus and minimize the paravalvular leakage after implantation.
The rail provides the margin of attachment for the valve leaflets and divides the leaflet and skirt region of the pericardial tissue. The rail is formed in a scalloped shape to mimic the natural shape of a native aortic valve and is designed to allow for commissure deflection which transfers the bulk of the loads from the tissue to the stent to prolong the durability of the prosthesis. The skirt seals the prosthesis to the native annulus.
The instant disclosure contemplates using a transfermoral (TF) delivery system, whereby a prosthetic valve can be inserted via transfemoral delivery using a specially designed catheter system. The approach is to implant the aortic valve prosthesis via transfemoral access using general or local anaesthesia. The TF delivery system is comprised of two catheters: Introducer sheath assembly and a main deployment delivery system.
According to certain embodiments of the instant disclosure, the femoral-iliac vessel will be punctured and the introducer sheath assembly (pre-shaped sheath and introducer) will be inserted into the femoral artery and the tip of the pre-shaped sheath will be positioned in the ascending aorta approximately 2 cm to 4 cm above the native valve. Once in place, the dilator is removed and the pre-shaped sheath is left in position.
The pre-shaped sheath has a generally straight segment to conform to the pathway from the femoral artery to the descending thoracic aorta, and a curved segment to follow the pathway over the arch of the aorta to the aortic valve. The total length of the introducer sheath may be 100 cm to 150 cm. The length of the curved segment may be 15 cm to 30 cm. The radius of curvature of the curved segment may be 3 cm to 15 cm, such as 5 cm to 8 cm. The bend angle from the straight segment to the tip of the sheath maybe 90 degrees to 270 degrees, such as 150 degrees to 210 degrees.
The pre-shaped sheath may be made from flexible polymer material such as PEBAX or Nylon. The wall of the sheath may be reinforced with metal braids or metal coils. The inner wall of the sheath may be lined with PTFE to reduce friction forces. The pre-shaped sheath may have a hydrophilic coating.
A dilator with an atraumatic tip is inserted into the pre-shaped sheath for insertion into the femoral artery and advancement to the aortic valve. The dilator has a guidewire lumen to accommodate a guidewire. The dilator may be pre-shaped. The dilator may be straight. In some embodiments, it may be preferable that the dilator is straight and when inserted into the pre-shaped sheath substantially straightens the curved segment of the pre-shaped sheath for insertion into the femoral artery and passage through the iliac artery and abdominal and descending aorta.
The valve prosthesis is placed into the main delivery system. The inflow segment of the valve prosthesis is restrained by a first sheath. The outflow segment of the valve prosthesis is retrained by a second sheath. The mid-section of the valve prosthesis including the feelers is unconstrained. The first and the second sheath are respectively connected to first and second actuators at the handle of the delivery system. Moving the first actuator distally (toward the tip of the delivery system) moves the first sheath distally and releases the inflow segment of the valve prosthesis. Moving the second actuator proximally (away from the tip of the delivery system) moves the second sheath proximally and releases the outflow segment of the valve prosthesis from the delivery system.
A steerable catheter is mounted on the shaft of the delivery system. The steerable catheter has a handle with a mechanism to deflect the distal segment of the steerable catheter. The mechanism allows for deflection of the steerable catheter by at least 90 degrees from the straight configuration, such as by at least 180 degrees from the straight configuration. Deflecting the steerable catheter will result in a corresponding deflection of the shaft of the delivery system. The steerable catheter is coaxially placed onto the shaft of the delivery system and can move axially and rotationally with respect to the shaft of the delivery system. By rotating the steerable catheter and moving it axially, the location and direction of deflection of the shaft of the delivery system can be selected.
The delivery system with the steerable catheter mounted on the shaft of the delivery system is inserted into the pre-shaped sheath. As the partially crimped valve prosthesis passes into the pre-shaped sheath, the unconstrained mid-section of the valve prosthesis is compressed. The compression of the mid-section of the valve prosthesis may be facilitated by a funnel-shaped inlet into the pre-shaped sheath. Alternatively, a temporary transfer sheath may be placed over the mid-section of the valve prosthesis that compresses the mid-section of the valve prosthesis for insertion into the pre-shaped sheath. The compressed valve prosthesis is advanced through the pre-shaped sheath by pushing the shaft of the delivery system into the pre-shaped sheath.
The distal tip of the pre-shaped sheath is placed in the ascending aorta distal to native aortic valve. When the valve prosthesis exits the distal end of the pre-shaped sheath, the mid-section of the valve prosthesis including the feelers expands. Using the pre-shaped sheath to compress the section of the valve prosthesis for delivery to the native aortic valve, eliminates the need for a separate mechanism to un-sheath the mid-section of the valve prosthesis for release of the feelers.
To place the feelers into the native cusps, it is advantageous to center the valve prosthesis in the aortic root. This can be accomplished by deflecting and rotating the steerable catheter. The point of deflection can be altered by moving the steerable catheter axially along the shaft of the delivery system. Thus, the distal segment of the delivery system can be shaped by the steerable catheter to follow the pathway of the aorta of an individual patient. In some patients the ascending aorta is as short as 3-5 cm. In some patients the ascending aorta is as long as 15-20 cm. In some patients the aortic arch is curved less than 180 degrees. In some patients the aortic arch is curved more than 270 degrees. The degree of deflection of the delivery system can be controlled by the degree of deflection of the steerable catheter. The location of the deflecting region of the delivery system can be controlled by the axial location of the steerable catheter on the delivery system shaft. The direction of deflection of the delivery system can be controlled by the rotational positing of the steerable catheter on the shaft of the delivery system.
An advantage of the pre-shaped sheath is that it deflects the distal end of the delivery system in the general direction of the aortic valve without the use of the steerable catheter. This reduces the bending forces that the steerable catheter has to apply to the shaft of the delivery system to deflect the tip of the delivery system into the final position. Axial movement of the pre-shaped sheath with respect to the delivery system can also be used to adjust the deflection of the shaft of the delivery system. The pre-shaped sheath protects the aortic wall during manipulation of the delivery system and steerable catheter.
Once the distal end of the delivery system is centered in the aortic root with use of the steerable catheter, positioning of the feelers into the native cusps is accomplished by rotationally aligning the feelers with the cusps of the native aortic valve and advancing the valve prosthesis into the aortic annulus. Rotational and axial movement of the valve prosthesis is controlled by axial and rotational movement of the delivery system within the steerable catheter.
Once the feelers are positioned in the native cusps, the valve prosthesis is released by sequentially unsheathing the inflow segment and the outflow segment of the valve prosthesis. Release of the inflow segment of the valve prosthesis anchors the valve prosthesis in the aortic annulus and captures the native leaflets between the feelers and the stent scaffold of the valve prosthesis. Release of the outflow segment of the valve prosthesis disconnects the valve prosthesis from the delivery system.
Alternatively, the outflow segment of the valve prosthesis may be released before the inflow segment of the valve prosthesis. In some cases, it may be preferred to release the inflow segment of the valve prosthesis simultaneously with the outflow segment of the valve prosthesis.
In at least one aspect of the present disclosure, the valve prosthesis may be pre-mounted onto the delivery system by the manufacturer. The mid-section of the valve prosthesis containing the leaflets is unconstrained. The pericardial leaflets located in the mid-section of the valve prosthesis are not compressed avoiding long-term compression damage to the leaflets during shipping and storage. The distal segment including the including the valve prosthesis may be detachable from the shaft of the delivery system. The detached distal segment with the valve prosthesis may be stored separately from the remainder of the delivery system. The distal segment of the delivery system with the mounted partially crimped valve prosthesis may be stored in liquid to avoid de-hydration of the leaflet tissue. Prior to use, the distal segment of the delivery system is connected to the shaft of the delivery system. The connection mechanism used to attach the distal end of the delivery system to the shaft of the delivery system may be in form of male-female thread, magnets, crimping, or bonding.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, the valve prosthesis may have eyelets on at least one end of the stent scaffold to engage the valve prosthesis with the delivery system. The eyelets may sit in recesses in the body of the delivery system. A sheath retains the eyelets in the recesses. By securing the eyelets in the delivery system “melon-seeding” or premature deployment of the self-expanding stent scaffold from the delivery system is prevented. As long as the eyelets are covered by the sheath the valve prosthesis will not deploy. The advantage of this arrangement is that a large segment of the midsection of the valve prosthesis can be un-restrained to allow for full release of the feelers and to minimize compression of the tissue leaflets. Furthermore, the sheaths covering the inflow and outflow segment of the valve prosthesis only require limited travel to release the eyelets in order to disconnect the valve prosthesis from the delivery system.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, the length of the un-restrained midsection of the valve prosthesis is at least 50% of the total length of the valve prosthesis. In another aspect of the present disclosure, the length of the inflow segment of the valve prosthesis restrained by the distal sheath is less than 20% of the length of the valve prosthesis. In another aspect of the present disclosure, the length of the outflow segment of the valve prosthesis restrained by the proximal sheath is less than 20% of the length of the valve prosthesis.
An embodiment of a delivery system according to the present disclosure is represented in
Main Delivery System Distal Assembly:
An embodiment of a handle assembly of the delivery system according to the present disclosure is represented in
Main Delivery System Distal Assembly:
The final crimping of the prosthesis is assisted by two loading tubes which allows securing the prosthesis with the outer shaft by distal movement. It is EO-sterilized and for single use only. It should be noted that the TF Valve Loader will utilize the same principle of operation as outlined for the TA Valve Loader.
The present disclosure further relates to a device to facilitate the removal of the distal end of a catheter from an introducer sheath or guiding catheter. Delivery catheters for stents or transcatheter heart valves, for example, may have a split capsule which contains the implant. After the implant is released from the catheter, the open end of the split capsule may be difficult to retract back into the opening of an introducer sheath or guiding catheter within a vessel.
This aspect of the present disclosure provides a tapered insertion device to channel the capsule back into the inner diameter of the introducer sheath or guiding catheter for removal from the body. The device may be static or self-expanding. The device may also include a step to support the implant.
In one embodiment, the device comprises a tapered cylinder that is automatically exposed when capsule is actuated, thereby closing the capsule with a tapered tip. In this regard, reference is made to
In one embodiment (cf.
In another embodiment (cf.
In another embodiment (cf.
In another embodiment (cf.
In another embodiment (cf.
In another embodiment (cf.
In another embodiment (cf.
Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, properties such as molecular weight, reaction conditions, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about.” Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the specification and attached claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by embodiments of the present disclosure. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of the present disclosure are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as possible. Any numerical value, however, inherently contains certain errors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation found in their respective testing measurements.
The terms “a,” “an,” “the” and similar referents used in the context of describing embodiments of the present disclosure (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. Recitation of ranges of values herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., “such as”) provided herein is intended merely to better illuminate embodiments of the present disclosure and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the present disclosure otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of embodiments of the present disclosure.
Groupings of alternative elements or embodiments of the present disclosure described herein are not to be construed as limitations. Each group member may be referred to and claimed individually or in any combination with other members of the group or other elements found herein. It is anticipated that one or more members of a group may be included in, or deleted from, a group for reasons of convenience and/or patentability. When any such inclusion or deletion occurs, the specification is deemed to contain the group as modified thus fulfilling the written description of all Markush groups used in the appended claims.
Certain embodiments of this disclosure are described herein, including the best mode known to the inventors for carrying out embodiments of the present disclosure. Of course, variations on these described embodiments will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing description. The inventor expects skilled artisans to employ such variations as appropriate, and the inventors intend for the disclosure to be practiced otherwise than specifically described herein. Accordingly, this disclosure includes all modifications and equivalents of the subject matter recited in the claims appended hereto as permitted by applicable law. Moreover, any combination of the above-described elements in all possible variations thereof is encompassed by the present disclosure unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.
Specific embodiments disclosed herein may be further limited in the claims using consisting of or consisting essentially of language. When used in the claims, whether as filed or added per amendment, the transition term “consisting of” excludes any element, step, or ingredient not specified in the claims. The transition term “consisting essentially of” limits the scope of a claim to the specified materials or steps and those that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristic(s). Embodiments of the present disclosure so claimed are inherently or expressly described and enabled herein.
Furthermore, numerous references have been made to patents and printed publications throughout this specification. Each of the above-cited references and printed publications are individually incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
In closing, it is to be understood that the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein are illustrative of the principles of the present disclosure. Other modifications that may be employed are within the scope of the disclosure. Thus, by way of example, but not of limitation, alternative configurations of the present disclosure may be utilized in accordance with the teachings herein. Accordingly, the present disclosure is not limited to that precisely as shown and described.
This application is a national stage filing under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Application No. PCT/EP2016/055783 filed on Mar. 17, 2016, which published in the English language and claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/136,092 filed on Mar. 20, 2015.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2016/055783 | 3/17/2016 | WO |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016/150806 | 9/29/2016 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15192 | Peale | Jun 1856 | A |
| 388776 | Hall | Aug 1888 | A |
| 944214 | Rydquist | Dec 1909 | A |
| 2121182 | Benjamin | Jun 1938 | A |
| 2669896 | Clough | Feb 1954 | A |
| 2682057 | Lord | Jun 1954 | A |
| 2701559 | Cooper | Feb 1955 | A |
| 2832078 | Williams | Apr 1958 | A |
| 3029819 | Starks et al. | Apr 1962 | A |
| 3099016 | Edwards et al. | Jul 1963 | A |
| 3113586 | Edmark, Jr. et al. | Dec 1963 | A |
| 3130418 | Head et al. | Apr 1964 | A |
| 3143742 | Cromie | Aug 1964 | A |
| 3210836 | Johanson et al. | Oct 1965 | A |
| 3221006 | Moore et al. | Nov 1965 | A |
| 3334629 | Cohn | Aug 1967 | A |
| 3365728 | Edwards et al. | Jan 1968 | A |
| 3367364 | Cruz, Jr. et al. | Feb 1968 | A |
| 3409013 | Berry et al. | Nov 1968 | A |
| 3445916 | Schulte et al. | May 1969 | A |
| 3540431 | Mobin-Uddin et al. | Nov 1970 | A |
| 3548417 | Kischer et al. | Dec 1970 | A |
| 3570014 | Hancock et al. | Mar 1971 | A |
| 3574865 | Hamaker | Apr 1971 | A |
| 3587115 | Shiley et al. | Jun 1971 | A |
| 3592184 | Watkins et al. | Jul 1971 | A |
| 3628535 | Ostrowsky et al. | Dec 1971 | A |
| 3642004 | Osthagen et al. | Feb 1972 | A |
| 3657744 | Ersek | Apr 1972 | A |
| 3671979 | Moulopoulos | Jun 1972 | A |
| 3714671 | Edwards et al. | Feb 1973 | A |
| 3725961 | Magovern et al. | Apr 1973 | A |
| 3755823 | Hancock | Sep 1973 | A |
| 3795246 | Sturgeon | Mar 1974 | A |
| 3839741 | Haller | Oct 1974 | A |
| 3868956 | Alfidi et al. | Mar 1975 | A |
| 3874388 | King et al. | Apr 1975 | A |
| 3983581 | Angell et al. | Oct 1976 | A |
| 3997923 | Possis | Dec 1976 | A |
| 4035849 | Angell et al. | Jul 1977 | A |
| 4056854 | Boretos et al. | Nov 1977 | A |
| 4078268 | Possis | Mar 1978 | A |
| 4084268 | Ionescu et al. | Apr 1978 | A |
| 4106126 | Traenkle | Aug 1978 | A |
| 4106129 | Carpentier et al. | Aug 1978 | A |
| 4118806 | Porier et al. | Oct 1978 | A |
| 4164046 | Cooley | Aug 1979 | A |
| 4182446 | Penny | Jan 1980 | A |
| 4191218 | Clark et al. | Mar 1980 | A |
| 4214587 | Sakura, Jr. | Jul 1980 | A |
| 4215871 | Hirsch et al. | Aug 1980 | A |
| 4222126 | Boretos et al. | Sep 1980 | A |
| 4233690 | Akins | Nov 1980 | A |
| 4261342 | Aranguren Duo | Apr 1981 | A |
| 4263680 | Reul et al. | Apr 1981 | A |
| 4265694 | Boretos et al. | May 1981 | A |
| 4291420 | Reul | Sep 1981 | A |
| 4297749 | Davis et al. | Nov 1981 | A |
| 4319831 | Matsui et al. | Mar 1982 | A |
| RE30912 | Hancock | Apr 1982 | E |
| 4323358 | Lentz et al. | Apr 1982 | A |
| 4326306 | Poler | Apr 1982 | A |
| 4339831 | Johnson | Jul 1982 | A |
| 4343048 | Ross et al. | Aug 1982 | A |
| 4345340 | Rosen | Aug 1982 | A |
| 4350492 | Wright et al. | Sep 1982 | A |
| 4373216 | Klawitter | Feb 1983 | A |
| 4388735 | Ionescu et al. | Jun 1983 | A |
| 4406022 | Roy | Sep 1983 | A |
| 4423809 | Mazzocco | Jan 1984 | A |
| 4425908 | Simon | Jan 1984 | A |
| 4441215 | Kaster | Apr 1984 | A |
| 4441216 | Ionescu et al. | Apr 1984 | A |
| 4470157 | Love | Sep 1984 | A |
| 4484579 | Meno et al. | Nov 1984 | A |
| 4485816 | Krumme | Dec 1984 | A |
| 4491986 | Gabbay | Jan 1985 | A |
| 4501030 | Lane | Feb 1985 | A |
| 4502488 | Degironimo et al. | Mar 1985 | A |
| 4531943 | Van Tassel et al. | Jul 1985 | A |
| 4535483 | Klawitter et al. | Aug 1985 | A |
| 4546499 | Possis et al. | Oct 1985 | A |
| 4562597 | Possis et al. | Jan 1986 | A |
| 4574803 | Storz | Mar 1986 | A |
| 4580568 | Gianturco | Apr 1986 | A |
| 4592340 | Boyles | Jun 1986 | A |
| 4602911 | Ahmadi et al. | Jul 1986 | A |
| 4605407 | Black et al. | Aug 1986 | A |
| 4610688 | Silvestrini et al. | Sep 1986 | A |
| 4612011 | Kautzky | Sep 1986 | A |
| 4617932 | Kornberg | Oct 1986 | A |
| 4619246 | Molgaard-Nielsen et al. | Oct 1986 | A |
| 4643732 | Pietsch et al. | Feb 1987 | A |
| 4647283 | Carpentier et al. | Mar 1987 | A |
| 4648881 | Carpentier et al. | Mar 1987 | A |
| 4655218 | Kulik et al. | Apr 1987 | A |
| 4655771 | Wallsten | Apr 1987 | A |
| 4662885 | DiPisa, Jr. | May 1987 | A |
| 4665906 | Jervis | May 1987 | A |
| 4665918 | Garza et al. | May 1987 | A |
| 4680031 | Alonso | Jul 1987 | A |
| 4681908 | Broderick et al. | Jul 1987 | A |
| 4687483 | Fisher et al. | Aug 1987 | A |
| 4692164 | Dzemeshkevich et al. | Sep 1987 | A |
| 4705516 | Barone et al. | Nov 1987 | A |
| 4710192 | Liotta et al. | Dec 1987 | A |
| 4733665 | Palmaz | Mar 1988 | A |
| 4755181 | Igoe | Jul 1988 | A |
| 4759758 | Gabbay | Jul 1988 | A |
| 4769029 | Patel | Sep 1988 | A |
| 4777951 | Cribier et al. | Oct 1988 | A |
| 4787899 | Lazarus | Nov 1988 | A |
| 4787901 | Baykut | Nov 1988 | A |
| 4796629 | Grayzel | Jan 1989 | A |
| 4797901 | Goerne et al. | Jan 1989 | A |
| 4806595 | Noishiki et al. | Feb 1989 | A |
| 4819751 | Shimada et al. | Apr 1989 | A |
| 4829990 | Thuroff et al. | May 1989 | A |
| 4834755 | Silvestrini et al. | May 1989 | A |
| 4846830 | Knoch et al. | Jul 1989 | A |
| 4851001 | Taheri | Jul 1989 | A |
| 4856516 | Hillstead | Aug 1989 | A |
| 4865600 | Carpentier et al. | Sep 1989 | A |
| 4872874 | Taheri | Oct 1989 | A |
| 4873978 | Ginsburg | Oct 1989 | A |
| 4878495 | Grayzel | Nov 1989 | A |
| 4878906 | Lindemann et al. | Nov 1989 | A |
| 4883458 | Shiber | Nov 1989 | A |
| 4885005 | Nashef et al. | Dec 1989 | A |
| 4909252 | Goldberger | Mar 1990 | A |
| 4917102 | Miller et al. | Apr 1990 | A |
| 4922905 | Strecker | May 1990 | A |
| 4927426 | Dretler | May 1990 | A |
| 4950227 | Savin et al. | Aug 1990 | A |
| 4953553 | Tremulis | Sep 1990 | A |
| 4954126 | Wallsten | Sep 1990 | A |
| 4966604 | Reiss | Oct 1990 | A |
| 4969890 | Sugita et al. | Nov 1990 | A |
| 4979939 | Shiber | Dec 1990 | A |
| 4986830 | Owens et al. | Jan 1991 | A |
| 4994077 | Dobben | Feb 1991 | A |
| 5002556 | Ishida et al. | Mar 1991 | A |
| 5002559 | Tower | Mar 1991 | A |
| 5002566 | Carpentier et al. | Mar 1991 | A |
| 5007896 | Shiber | Apr 1991 | A |
| 5026366 | Leckrone | Jun 1991 | A |
| 5026377 | Burton et al. | Jun 1991 | A |
| 5032128 | Alonso | Jul 1991 | A |
| 5035706 | Giantureo et al. | Jul 1991 | A |
| 5037434 | Lane | Aug 1991 | A |
| 5047041 | Samuels | Sep 1991 | A |
| 5053008 | Bajaj | Oct 1991 | A |
| 5059177 | Towne et al. | Oct 1991 | A |
| 5061273 | Yock | Oct 1991 | A |
| 5061277 | Carpentier et al. | Oct 1991 | A |
| 5064435 | Porter | Nov 1991 | A |
| 5078720 | Burton et al. | Jan 1992 | A |
| 5080668 | Bolz et al. | Jan 1992 | A |
| 5085635 | Cragg | Feb 1992 | A |
| 5089015 | Ross | Feb 1992 | A |
| 5094661 | Levy et al. | Mar 1992 | A |
| 5104399 | Lazarus | Apr 1992 | A |
| 5104407 | Lam et al. | Apr 1992 | A |
| 5108425 | Hwang | Apr 1992 | A |
| 5122154 | Rhodes | Jun 1992 | A |
| 5132473 | Furutaka et al. | Jul 1992 | A |
| 5141494 | Danforth et al. | Aug 1992 | A |
| 5143987 | Hansel et al. | Sep 1992 | A |
| 5147388 | Yamazaki | Sep 1992 | A |
| 5152771 | Sabbaghian et al. | Oct 1992 | A |
| 5159937 | Tremulis | Nov 1992 | A |
| 5161547 | Tower | Nov 1992 | A |
| 5163953 | Vince | Nov 1992 | A |
| 5163955 | Love et al. | Nov 1992 | A |
| 5167628 | Boyles | Dec 1992 | A |
| 5178632 | Hanson | Jan 1993 | A |
| 5192301 | Kamiya et al. | Mar 1993 | A |
| 5193546 | Shaknovich | Mar 1993 | A |
| 5197979 | Quintero et al. | Mar 1993 | A |
| 5201757 | Heyn et al. | Apr 1993 | A |
| 5207695 | Trout, III | May 1993 | A |
| 5209741 | Spaeth | May 1993 | A |
| 5211183 | Wilson | May 1993 | A |
| 5215541 | Nashef et al. | Jun 1993 | A |
| 5217481 | Barbara | Jun 1993 | A |
| 5217483 | Tower | Jun 1993 | A |
| 5232445 | Bonzel | Aug 1993 | A |
| 5234447 | Kaster et al. | Aug 1993 | A |
| 5234456 | Silvestrini | Aug 1993 | A |
| 5238004 | Sahatjian et al. | Aug 1993 | A |
| 5258008 | Wilk | Nov 1993 | A |
| 5258023 | Reger | Nov 1993 | A |
| 5258042 | Mehta | Nov 1993 | A |
| 5272909 | Nguyen et al. | Dec 1993 | A |
| 5275580 | Yamazaki | Jan 1994 | A |
| 5279612 | Eberhardt | Jan 1994 | A |
| 5282847 | Trescony et al. | Feb 1994 | A |
| 5287861 | Wilk | Feb 1994 | A |
| 5295958 | Shturman | Mar 1994 | A |
| 5327774 | Nguyen et al. | Jul 1994 | A |
| 5330486 | Wilk | Jul 1994 | A |
| 5330500 | Song | Jul 1994 | A |
| 5332402 | Teitelbaum | Jul 1994 | A |
| 5336258 | Quintero et al. | Aug 1994 | A |
| 5342348 | Kaplan | Aug 1994 | A |
| 5344426 | Lau et al. | Sep 1994 | A |
| 5344427 | Cottenceau et al. | Sep 1994 | A |
| 5344442 | Deac | Sep 1994 | A |
| 5350398 | Pavcnik et al. | Sep 1994 | A |
| 5350399 | Erlebacher et al. | Sep 1994 | A |
| 5352240 | Ross | Oct 1994 | A |
| 5354330 | Hanson et al. | Oct 1994 | A |
| 5360444 | Kusuhara | Nov 1994 | A |
| 5368608 | Levy et al. | Nov 1994 | A |
| 5370685 | Stevens | Dec 1994 | A |
| 5380054 | Galvis | Jan 1995 | A |
| 5387235 | Chuter | Feb 1995 | A |
| 5389096 | Aita et al. | Feb 1995 | A |
| 5389106 | Tower | Feb 1995 | A |
| 5397351 | Pavcnik et al. | Mar 1995 | A |
| 5397355 | Marin et al. | Mar 1995 | A |
| 5409019 | Wilk | Apr 1995 | A |
| 5411552 | Andersen et al. | May 1995 | A |
| 5415633 | Lazarus et al. | May 1995 | A |
| 5425739 | Jessen | Jun 1995 | A |
| 5425762 | Muller | Jun 1995 | A |
| 5429144 | Wilk | Jul 1995 | A |
| 5431676 | Dubrul et al. | Jul 1995 | A |
| 5433723 | Lindenberg et al. | Jul 1995 | A |
| 5443446 | Shturman | Aug 1995 | A |
| 5443449 | Buelna | Aug 1995 | A |
| 5443477 | Marin et al. | Aug 1995 | A |
| 5443495 | Buscemi et al. | Aug 1995 | A |
| 5443499 | Schmitt | Aug 1995 | A |
| 5449384 | Johnson | Sep 1995 | A |
| 5456712 | Maginot | Oct 1995 | A |
| 5456713 | Chuter | Oct 1995 | A |
| 5464449 | Ryan et al. | Nov 1995 | A |
| 5469868 | Reger | Nov 1995 | A |
| 5470320 | Tiefenbrun et al. | Nov 1995 | A |
| 5476506 | Lunn | Dec 1995 | A |
| 5476508 | Amstrup | Dec 1995 | A |
| 5476510 | Eberhardt et al. | Dec 1995 | A |
| 5480423 | Ravenscroft et al. | Jan 1996 | A |
| 5480424 | Cox | Jan 1996 | A |
| 5486193 | Bourne et al. | Jan 1996 | A |
| 5487760 | Villafana | Jan 1996 | A |
| 5489294 | McVenes et al. | Feb 1996 | A |
| 5489297 | Duran | Feb 1996 | A |
| 5489298 | Love et al. | Feb 1996 | A |
| 5496346 | Horzewski et al. | Mar 1996 | A |
| 5499995 | Teirstein | Mar 1996 | A |
| 5500014 | Quijano et al. | Mar 1996 | A |
| 5500015 | Deac | Mar 1996 | A |
| 5507767 | Maeda et al. | Apr 1996 | A |
| 5509930 | Love | Apr 1996 | A |
| 5522881 | Lentz | Jun 1996 | A |
| 5527337 | Stack et al. | Jun 1996 | A |
| 5530949 | Koda et al. | Jun 1996 | A |
| 5534007 | St. Germain et al. | Jul 1996 | A |
| 5540712 | Kleshinski et al. | Jul 1996 | A |
| 5545133 | Burns et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
| 5545209 | Roberts et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
| 5545211 | An et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
| 5545214 | Stevens | Aug 1996 | A |
| 5549665 | Vesely et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
| 5549666 | Hata et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
| 5554119 | Harrison et al. | Sep 1996 | A |
| 5554185 | Block et al. | Sep 1996 | A |
| 5569274 | Rapacki et al. | Oct 1996 | A |
| 5571167 | Maginot | Nov 1996 | A |
| 5571174 | Love et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
| 5571175 | Vanney et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
| 5571215 | Sterman et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
| 5573520 | Schwartz et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
| 5575818 | Pinchuk | Nov 1996 | A |
| 5580922 | Park et al. | Dec 1996 | A |
| 5591185 | Kilmer et al. | Jan 1997 | A |
| 5591195 | Taheri et al. | Jan 1997 | A |
| 5593434 | Williams | Jan 1997 | A |
| 5595571 | Jaffe et al. | Jan 1997 | A |
| 5596471 | Hanlin | Jan 1997 | A |
| 5607464 | Trescony et al. | Mar 1997 | A |
| 5607465 | Camilli | Mar 1997 | A |
| 5609626 | Quijano et al. | Mar 1997 | A |
| 5613982 | Goldstein | Mar 1997 | A |
| 5618299 | Khosravi et al. | Apr 1997 | A |
| 5626553 | Frassica et al. | May 1997 | A |
| 5628784 | Strecker | May 1997 | A |
| 5632778 | Goldstein | May 1997 | A |
| 5634942 | Chevillon et al. | Jun 1997 | A |
| 5643278 | Wijay | Jul 1997 | A |
| 5645559 | Hachtman et al. | Jul 1997 | A |
| 5653684 | Laptewicz et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
| 5653745 | Trescony et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
| 5653749 | Love et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
| 5655548 | Nelson et al. | Aug 1997 | A |
| 5662124 | Wilk | Sep 1997 | A |
| 5662671 | Barbut et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
| 5662703 | Yurek et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
| 5665115 | Cragg | Sep 1997 | A |
| 5667523 | Bynon et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
| 5674277 | Freitag | Oct 1997 | A |
| 5674298 | Levy et al. | Oct 1997 | A |
| 5679112 | Levy et al. | Oct 1997 | A |
| 5681345 | Euteneuer | Oct 1997 | A |
| 5682906 | Sterman et al. | Nov 1997 | A |
| 5683451 | Lenker et al. | Nov 1997 | A |
| 5690644 | Yurek et al. | Nov 1997 | A |
| 5693083 | Baker et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
| 5693088 | Lazarus | Dec 1997 | A |
| 5693310 | Gries et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
| 5695498 | Tower | Dec 1997 | A |
| 5697972 | Kim et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
| 5700269 | Pinchuk et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
| 5702368 | Stevens et al. | Dec 1997 | A |
| 5709713 | Evans et al. | Jan 1998 | A |
| 5713917 | Leonhardt et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
| 5713950 | Cox | Feb 1998 | A |
| 5713951 | Garrison et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
| 5713953 | Vallana et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
| 5716370 | Williamson, IV et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
| 5716417 | Girard et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
| 5718725 | Sterman et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
| 5720391 | Dohm et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
| 5720776 | Chuter et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
| 5725549 | Lam | Mar 1998 | A |
| 5725550 | Nadal | Mar 1998 | A |
| 5728068 | Leone et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
| 5728151 | Garrison et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
| 5733267 | Del Toro | Mar 1998 | A |
| 5733325 | Robinson et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
| 5735842 | Krueger et al. | Apr 1998 | A |
| 5746476 | Novak et al. | May 1998 | A |
| 5746709 | Rom et al. | May 1998 | A |
| 5746765 | Kleshinski et al. | May 1998 | A |
| 5746775 | Levy et al. | May 1998 | A |
| 5749890 | Shaknovich | May 1998 | A |
| 5749921 | Lenker et al. | May 1998 | A |
| 5755682 | Knudson et al. | May 1998 | A |
| 5755777 | Chuter | May 1998 | A |
| 5755783 | Stobie et al. | May 1998 | A |
| 5756476 | Epstein et al. | May 1998 | A |
| 5758663 | Wilk et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
| 5766151 | Valley et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
| 5769780 | Hata et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
| 5769812 | Stevens et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
| 5769882 | Fogarty et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
| 5769887 | Brown et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
| 5772609 | Nguyen et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
| 5776188 | Shepherd et al. | Jul 1998 | A |
| 5782809 | Umeno et al. | Jul 1998 | A |
| 5782904 | White et al. | Jul 1998 | A |
| 5795331 | Cragg et al. | Aug 1998 | A |
| 5797946 | Chin | Aug 1998 | A |
| 5797960 | Stevens et al. | Aug 1998 | A |
| 5799661 | Boyd et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
| 5800456 | Maeda et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
| 5800508 | Goicoechea et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
| 5800531 | Cosgrove et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
| 5807327 | Green et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
| 5807384 | Mueller | Sep 1998 | A |
| 5807405 | Vanney et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
| 5810836 | Hussein et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
| 5814016 | Valley et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
| 5817113 | Gifford, III et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5817126 | Imran | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5823956 | Roth et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5824037 | Fogarty et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5824038 | Wall | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5824041 | Lenker et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5824043 | Cottone, Jr. | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5824053 | Khosravi et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5824055 | Spiridigliozzi et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5824056 | Rosenberg | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5824061 | Quijano et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5824063 | Cox | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5824064 | Taheri | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5824071 | Nelson et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5824080 | Lamuraglia | Oct 1998 | A |
| 5829447 | Stevens et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
| 5830222 | Makower | Nov 1998 | A |
| 5836869 | Kudo et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
| 5840081 | Andersen et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
| 5841382 | Walden et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
| 5843158 | Lenker et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
| 5843161 | Solovay | Dec 1998 | A |
| 5843181 | Jaffe et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
| 5851232 | Lois | Dec 1998 | A |
| 5853419 | Imran | Dec 1998 | A |
| 5853420 | Chevillon et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
| 5855210 | Sterman et al. | Jan 1999 | A |
| 5855597 | Jayaraman | Jan 1999 | A |
| 5855600 | Alt | Jan 1999 | A |
| 5855601 | Bessler et al. | Jan 1999 | A |
| 5855602 | Angell | Jan 1999 | A |
| 5860966 | Tower | Jan 1999 | A |
| 5860996 | Urban et al. | Jan 1999 | A |
| 5861024 | Rashidi | Jan 1999 | A |
| 5861028 | Angell | Jan 1999 | A |
| 5865723 | Love | Feb 1999 | A |
| 5868783 | Tower | Feb 1999 | A |
| 5873812 | Ciana et al. | Feb 1999 | A |
| 5873906 | Lau et al. | Feb 1999 | A |
| 5876373 | Giba et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
| 5876419 | Carpenter et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
| 5876434 | Flomenblit et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
| 5876448 | Thompson et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
| 5878751 | Hussein et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
| 5880242 | Hu et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
| 5885228 | Rosenman et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
| 5885238 | Stevens et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
| 5885259 | Berg | Mar 1999 | A |
| 5888201 | Stinson et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
| 5891160 | Williamson, IV et al. | Apr 1999 | A |
| 5891191 | Stinson | Apr 1999 | A |
| 5895399 | Barbut et al. | Apr 1999 | A |
| 5895420 | Mirsch, II et al. | Apr 1999 | A |
| 5899936 | Goldstein | May 1999 | A |
| 5906619 | Olson et al. | May 1999 | A |
| 5907893 | Zadno-Azizi et al. | Jun 1999 | A |
| 5908028 | Wilk | Jun 1999 | A |
| 5908029 | Knudson et al. | Jun 1999 | A |
| 5908451 | Yeo | Jun 1999 | A |
| 5908452 | Bokros et al. | Jun 1999 | A |
| 5910144 | Hayashi | Jun 1999 | A |
| 5910154 | Tsugita et al. | Jun 1999 | A |
| 5911734 | Tsugita et al. | Jun 1999 | A |
| 5911752 | Dustrude et al. | Jun 1999 | A |
| 5913842 | Boyd et al. | Jun 1999 | A |
| 5916193 | Stevens et al. | Jun 1999 | A |
| 5922022 | Nash et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
| 5924424 | Stevens et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
| 5925012 | Murphy-Chutorian et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
| 5925063 | Khosravi | Jul 1999 | A |
| 5928281 | Huynh et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
| 5931848 | Saadat | Aug 1999 | A |
| 5935119 | Guy et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
| 5935161 | Robinson et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
| 5935163 | Gabbay | Aug 1999 | A |
| 5938632 | Ellis | Aug 1999 | A |
| 5938697 | Killion et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
| 5941908 | Goldsteen et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
| 5944019 | Knudson et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
| 5944738 | Amplatz et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
| 5104407 | Lam et al. | Sep 1999 | B1 |
| 5948017 | Taheri | Sep 1999 | A |
| 5954764 | Parodi | Sep 1999 | A |
| 5954766 | Zadno-Azizi et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
| 5957949 | Leonhardt et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
| 5961549 | Nguyen et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
| 5964405 | Benary et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
| 5964798 | Imran | Oct 1999 | A |
| 5968064 | Selmon et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
| 5968068 | Dehdashtian et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
| 5968070 | Bley et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
| 5971993 | Hussein et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
| 5975949 | Holliday et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5976153 | Fischell et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5976155 | Foreman et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5976174 | Ruiz | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5976178 | Goldsteen et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5976192 | McIntyre et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5976650 | Campbell et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5979455 | Maginot | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5980455 | Daniel et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5980533 | Holman | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5980548 | Evans et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5984956 | Tweden et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5984957 | Laptewicz, Jr. et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5984959 | Robertson et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5984964 | Roberts et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5987344 | West | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5989276 | Houser et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5989287 | Yang et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5993469 | McKenzie et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5993481 | Marcade et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
| 5997525 | March et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
| 5997557 | Barbut et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
| 5997563 | Kretzers | Dec 1999 | A |
| 5997573 | Quijano et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
| 5999678 | Murphy-Chutorian et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
| 6001123 | Lau | Dec 1999 | A |
| 6001126 | Nguyen-Thien-Nhon | Dec 1999 | A |
| 6004261 | Sinofsky et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
| 6004347 | McNamara et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
| 6004348 | Banas et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
| 6007543 | Ellis et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
| 6010449 | Selmon et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
| 6010522 | Barbut et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
| 6010530 | Goicoechea | Jan 2000 | A |
| 6010531 | Donlon et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
| 6012457 | Lesh | Jan 2000 | A |
| 6013854 | Moriuchi | Jan 2000 | A |
| 6015431 | Thornton et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
| 5061277 | Carpentier et al. | Feb 2000 | B1 |
| 6019777 | Mackenzie | Feb 2000 | A |
| 6019778 | Wilson et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
| 6022370 | Tower | Feb 2000 | A |
| 6026814 | LaFontaine et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
| 6027476 | Sterman et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
| 6027520 | Tsugita et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
| 6027525 | Suh et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
| 6029671 | Stevens et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
| 6029672 | Vanney et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
| 6033582 | Lee et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
| 6035856 | LaFontaine et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
| 6036677 | Javier, Jr. et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
| 6036697 | DiCaprio | Mar 2000 | A |
| 6042554 | Rosenman et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
| 6042581 | Ryan et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
| 6042589 | Marianne | Mar 2000 | A |
| 6042598 | Tsugita et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
| 6042607 | Williamson, IV et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
| 6045565 | Ellis et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
| 6051014 | Jang | Apr 2000 | A |
| 6051104 | Oriaran et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
| 6053924 | Hussein | Apr 2000 | A |
| 6053942 | Eno et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
| 6056743 | Ellis et al. | May 2000 | A |
| 6059809 | Amor et al. | May 2000 | A |
| 6059827 | Fenton, Jr. | May 2000 | A |
| 6066160 | Colvin et al. | May 2000 | A |
| 6067988 | Mueller | May 2000 | A |
| 6068638 | Makower | May 2000 | A |
| 6071292 | Makower et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
| 6074416 | Berg et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
| 6074417 | Peredo | Jun 2000 | A |
| 6074418 | Buchanan et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
| 6076529 | Vanney et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
| 6076742 | Benary | Jun 2000 | A |
| 6077297 | Robinson et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
| 6079414 | Roth | Jun 2000 | A |
| 6080163 | Hussein et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
| 6080170 | Nash et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
| 6083257 | Taylor et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
| 6091042 | Benary | Jul 2000 | A |
| 6092526 | LaFontaine et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
| 6092529 | Cox | Jul 2000 | A |
| 6093166 | Knudson et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
| 6093177 | Javier, Jr. et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
| 6093185 | Ellis et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
| 6093203 | Uflacker | Jul 2000 | A |
| 6093530 | McIlroy et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
| 6096074 | Pedros | Aug 2000 | A |
| 6102941 | Tweden et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
| 6102944 | Huynh et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
| 6106550 | Magovern et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
| 6110191 | Dehdashtian et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
| 6110198 | Fogarty et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
| 6110201 | Quijano et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
| 6113612 | Swanson et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
| 6113630 | Vanney et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
| 6113823 | Eno | Sep 2000 | A |
| 6117169 | Moe | Sep 2000 | A |
| 6120520 | Saadat et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
| 6120534 | Ruiz | Sep 2000 | A |
| 6123682 | Knudson et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
| 6123723 | Konya et al. | Sep 2000 | A |
| 6125852 | Stevens et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6126649 | Vantassel et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6126654 | Giba et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6126685 | Lenker et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6126686 | Badylak et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6132451 | Payne et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6132473 | Williams et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6132986 | Pathak et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6139510 | Palermo | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6139541 | Vanney et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6142987 | Tsugita | Nov 2000 | A |
| 6143021 | Staehle | Nov 2000 | A |
| 6143987 | Makita | Nov 2000 | A |
| 6146366 | Schachar | Nov 2000 | A |
| 6146415 | Fitz | Nov 2000 | A |
| 6146417 | Ischinger | Nov 2000 | A |
| 6152937 | Peterson et al. | Nov 2000 | A |
| 6152956 | Pierce | Nov 2000 | A |
| 6155264 | Ressemann et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6156031 | Aita et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6156055 | Ravenscroft | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6156531 | Pathak et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6157852 | Selmon et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6159225 | Makower | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6159239 | Greenhalgh | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6162208 | Hipps | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6162245 | Jayaraman | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6165185 | Shennib et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6165188 | Saadat et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6165200 | Tsugita et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6165209 | Patterson et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
| 6167605 | Morales | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6168579 | Tsugita | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6168614 | Andersen et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6168616 | Brown, III | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6171251 | Mueller et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6171327 | Daniel et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6171335 | Wheatley et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6177514 | Pathak et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6179859 | Bates et al. | Jan 2001 | B1 |
| 6182664 | Cosgrove | Feb 2001 | B1 |
| 6182668 | Tweden et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
| 6183481 | Lee et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
| 6186972 | Nelson et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
| 6187016 | Hedges et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
| 6190353 | Makower et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
| 6190393 | Bevier et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
| 6190405 | Culombo et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
| 6193726 | Vanney | Feb 2001 | B1 |
| 6193734 | Bolduc et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
| 6196230 | Hall et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| 6197050 | Eno et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| 6197053 | Cosgrove et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| 6197296 | Davies et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| 6197324 | Crittenden | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| 6200311 | Danek et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| 6200336 | Pavcnik et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| 6203550 | Olson | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| 6203556 | Evans et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| 6206888 | Bicek et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| 6206911 | Milo | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| 6210408 | Chandrasekaran et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6210957 | Carpentier et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6213126 | LaFontaine et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6214036 | Letendre et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6214041 | Tweden et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6214054 | Cunanan et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6214055 | Simionescu et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6217527 | Selmon et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6217549 | Selmon et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6217575 | DeVore et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6217609 | Haverkost | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6218662 | Tchakarov et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6221006 | Dubrul et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6221049 | Selmon et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6221091 | Khosravi | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6221096 | Aiba et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6221100 | Strecker | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6223752 | Vanney et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
| 6224584 | March et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
| 6231544 | Tsugita et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
| 6231546 | Milo et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
| 6231551 | Barbut | May 2001 | B1 |
| 6231587 | Makower | May 2001 | B1 |
| 6231602 | Carpentier et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
| 6235000 | Milo et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
| 6237607 | Vanney et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
| 6238406 | Ellis et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
| 6241667 | Vetter et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6241738 | Dereume | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6241741 | Duhaylongsod et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6241757 | An et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6245102 | Jayaraman | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6245103 | Stinson | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6245105 | Nguyen et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6248112 | Gambale et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6248116 | Chevillon et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6250305 | Tweden | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6251079 | Gambale et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6251104 | Kesten et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6251116 | Shennib et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6251135 | Stinson et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6251418 | Ahern et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
| 6253768 | Wilk | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6253769 | LaFontaine et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6254564 | Wilk et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6254635 | Schroeder et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6254636 | Peredo | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6257634 | Wei | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6258052 | Milo | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6258087 | Edwards et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6258114 | Konya et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6258115 | Dubrul | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6258119 | Hussein et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6258120 | McKenzie et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6258129 | Dybdal et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6258150 | Mackellar | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6261304 | Hall et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6267783 | Letendre et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
| 6269819 | Oz et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
| 6270513 | Tsugita et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
| 6270521 | Fischell et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
| 6270526 | Cox | Aug 2001 | B1 |
| 6273876 | Klima et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
| 6273895 | Pinchuk et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
| 6276661 | Laird | Aug 2001 | B1 |
| 6277555 | Duran et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
| 6283127 | Sterman et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
| 6283951 | Flaherty et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
| 6283983 | Makower et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
| 6283995 | Moe et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
| 6285903 | Rosenthal et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
| 6287317 | Makower et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
| 6287334 | Moll et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
| 6287338 | Sarnowski et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
| 6287339 | Vazquez et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
| 6290709 | Ellis et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
| 6290728 | Phelps et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
| 6296662 | Caffey | Oct 2001 | B1 |
| 6299637 | Shaolian et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
| 6302875 | Makower et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
| 6302892 | Wilk | Oct 2001 | B1 |
| 6302906 | Goicoechea et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
| 6306164 | Kujawski | Oct 2001 | B1 |
| 6309382 | Garrison et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
| 6309417 | Spence et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
| 6311693 | Sterman et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
| 6312465 | Griffin et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
| 6319281 | Patel | Nov 2001 | B1 |
| 6322548 | Payne et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
| 6322593 | Pathak et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
| 6325067 | Sterman et al. | Dec 2001 | B1 |
| 6327772 | Zadno-Azizi et al. | Dec 2001 | B1 |
| 6330884 | Kim | Dec 2001 | B1 |
| 6331189 | Wolinsky et al. | Dec 2001 | B1 |
| 6334873 | Lane et al. | Jan 2002 | B1 |
| 6336934 | Gilson et al. | Jan 2002 | B1 |
| 6336937 | Vonesh et al. | Jan 2002 | B1 |
| 6338735 | Stevens | Jan 2002 | B1 |
| 6338740 | Carpentier | Jan 2002 | B1 |
| 6342070 | Nguyen-Thien-Nhon | Jan 2002 | B1 |
| 6344044 | Fulkerson et al. | Feb 2002 | B1 |
| 6346074 | Roth | Feb 2002 | B1 |
| 6346116 | Brooks et al. | Feb 2002 | B1 |
| 6348063 | Yassour et al. | Feb 2002 | B1 |
| 6350248 | Knudson et al. | Feb 2002 | B1 |
| 6350277 | Kocur | Feb 2002 | B1 |
| 6350278 | Lenker et al. | Feb 2002 | B1 |
| 6352547 | Brown et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
| 6352554 | De Paulis | Mar 2002 | B2 |
| 6352708 | Duran et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
| 6357104 | Myers | Mar 2002 | B1 |
| 6358277 | Duran | Mar 2002 | B1 |
| 6361519 | Knudson et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
| 6361545 | Macoviak et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
| 6363938 | Saadat et al. | Apr 2002 | B2 |
| 6363939 | Wilk | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6364895 | Greenhalgh | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6368338 | Konya et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6371970 | Khosravi et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6371983 | Lane | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6375615 | Flaherty et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6378221 | Ekholm, Jr. et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6379319 | Garibotto et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6379365 | Diaz | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6379372 | Dehdashtian et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6379383 | Palmaz et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6379740 | Rinaldi et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6380457 | Yurek et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6383193 | Cathcart et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
| 6387119 | Wolf et al. | May 2002 | B2 |
| 6387122 | Cragg | May 2002 | B1 |
| 6390098 | LaFontaine et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
| 6391051 | Sullivan, III et al. | May 2002 | B2 |
| 6391538 | Vyavahare et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
| 6395208 | Herweck et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
| 6398807 | Chouinard et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
| 6401720 | Stevens et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
| 6402736 | Brown et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
| 6402740 | Ellis et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
| 6406488 | Tweden et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
| 6406491 | Vanney | Jun 2002 | B1 |
| 6406493 | Tu et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
| 6409697 | Eno et al. | Jun 2002 | B2 |
| 6409750 | Hyodoh et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
| 6409751 | Hall et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
| 6409755 | Vrba | Jun 2002 | B1 |
| 6409759 | Peredo | Jun 2002 | B1 |
| 6413275 | Nguyen et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
| 6416490 | Ellis et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
| 6416510 | Altman et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
| 6423089 | Gingras et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
| 6425916 | Garrison et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
| 6432119 | Saadat | Aug 2002 | B1 |
| 6432126 | Gambale et al. | Aug 2002 | B1 |
| 6432127 | Kim et al. | Aug 2002 | B1 |
| 6432132 | Cottone et al. | Aug 2002 | B1 |
| 6440164 | DiMatteo et al. | Aug 2002 | B1 |
| 6443158 | LaFontaine et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
| 6447522 | Gambale et al. | Sep 2002 | B2 |
| 6447539 | Nelson et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
| 6451025 | Jervis | Sep 2002 | B1 |
| 6451054 | Stevens | Sep 2002 | B1 |
| 6454760 | Vanney | Sep 2002 | B2 |
| 6454794 | Knudson et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
| 6454799 | Schreck | Sep 2002 | B1 |
| 6458092 | Gambale et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
| 6458140 | Akin et al. | Oct 2002 | B2 |
| 6458153 | Bailey et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
| 6458323 | Boekstegers | Oct 2002 | B1 |
| 6461382 | Cao | Oct 2002 | B1 |
| 6464709 | Shennib et al. | Oct 2002 | B2 |
| 6468303 | Amplatz et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
| 6468660 | Ogle et al. | Oct 2002 | B2 |
| 6471723 | Ashworth et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
| 6475169 | Ferrera | Nov 2002 | B2 |
| 6475226 | Belef et al. | Nov 2002 | B1 |
| 6475239 | Campbell et al. | Nov 2002 | B1 |
| 6475244 | Herweck et al. | Nov 2002 | B2 |
| 6478819 | Moe | Nov 2002 | B2 |
| 6479079 | Pathak et al. | Nov 2002 | B1 |
| 6482220 | Mueller | Nov 2002 | B1 |
| 6482228 | Norred | Nov 2002 | B1 |
| 6485501 | Green | Nov 2002 | B1 |
| 6485502 | Don Michael et al. | Nov 2002 | B2 |
| 6485513 | Fan | Nov 2002 | B1 |
| 6485524 | Strecker | Nov 2002 | B2 |
| 6487581 | Spence et al. | Nov 2002 | B1 |
| 6488704 | Connelly et al. | Dec 2002 | B1 |
| 6491689 | Ellis et al. | Dec 2002 | B1 |
| 6491707 | Makower et al. | Dec 2002 | B2 |
| 6494211 | Boyd et al. | Dec 2002 | B1 |
| 6494897 | Sterman et al. | Dec 2002 | B2 |
| 6494909 | Greenhalgh | Dec 2002 | B2 |
| 6503272 | Duerig et al. | Jan 2003 | B2 |
| 6508496 | Huang | Jan 2003 | B1 |
| 6508803 | Horikawa et al. | Jan 2003 | B1 |
| 6508825 | Selmon et al. | Jan 2003 | B1 |
| 6508833 | Pavcnik et al. | Jan 2003 | B2 |
| 6509145 | Torrianni | Jan 2003 | B1 |
| 6511458 | Milo et al. | Jan 2003 | B2 |
| 6511491 | Grudem et al. | Jan 2003 | B2 |
| 6514217 | Selmon et al. | Feb 2003 | B1 |
| 6514271 | Evans et al. | Feb 2003 | B2 |
| 6517527 | Gambale et al. | Feb 2003 | B2 |
| 6517558 | Gittings et al. | Feb 2003 | B2 |
| 6517573 | Pollock et al. | Feb 2003 | B1 |
| 6521179 | Girardot et al. | Feb 2003 | B1 |
| 6524323 | Nash et al. | Feb 2003 | B1 |
| 6524335 | Hartley et al. | Feb 2003 | B1 |
| 6527800 | McGuckin, Jr. et al. | Mar 2003 | B1 |
| 6530949 | Konya et al. | Mar 2003 | B2 |
| 6530952 | Vesely | Mar 2003 | B2 |
| 6533807 | Wolinsky et al. | Mar 2003 | B2 |
| 6537297 | Tsugita et al. | Mar 2003 | B2 |
| 6537310 | Palmaz et al. | Mar 2003 | B1 |
| 6540768 | Diaz et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
| 6540782 | Snyders | Apr 2003 | B1 |
| 6544230 | Flaherty et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
| 6547827 | Carpentier et al. | Apr 2003 | B2 |
| 6551303 | Van Tassel et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
| 6558318 | Daniel et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
| 6558417 | Peredo | May 2003 | B2 |
| 6558418 | Carpentier et al. | May 2003 | B2 |
| 6558429 | Taylor | May 2003 | B2 |
| 6559132 | Holmer | May 2003 | B1 |
| 6561998 | Roth et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
| 6562031 | Chandrasekaran et al. | May 2003 | B2 |
| 6562058 | Seguin et al. | May 2003 | B2 |
| 6562063 | Euteneuer et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
| 6562069 | Cai et al. | May 2003 | B2 |
| 6564805 | Garrison et al. | May 2003 | B2 |
| 6565528 | Mueller | May 2003 | B1 |
| 6565594 | Herweck et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
| 6569145 | Shmulewitz et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
| 6569147 | Evans et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
| 6569196 | Vesely | May 2003 | B1 |
| 6572593 | Daum | Jun 2003 | B1 |
| 6572642 | Rinaldi et al. | Jun 2003 | B2 |
| 6572643 | Gharibadeh | Jun 2003 | B1 |
| 6572652 | Shaknovich | Jun 2003 | B2 |
| 6575168 | LaFontaine et al. | Jun 2003 | B2 |
| 6579311 | Makower | Jun 2003 | B1 |
| 6582444 | Wilk | Jun 2003 | B2 |
| 6582460 | Cryer | Jun 2003 | B1 |
| 6582462 | Andersen et al. | Jun 2003 | B1 |
| 6585756 | Strecker | Jul 2003 | B1 |
| 6585758 | Chouinard et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
| 6585766 | Huynh et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
| 6589279 | Anderson et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
| 6592546 | Barbut et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
| 6592614 | Lenker et al. | Jul 2003 | B2 |
| 6599304 | Selmon et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
| 6600803 | Bruder et al. | Jul 2003 | B2 |
| 6605053 | Kamm et al. | Aug 2003 | B1 |
| 6605112 | Moll et al. | Aug 2003 | B1 |
| 6605113 | Wilk | Aug 2003 | B2 |
| 6608040 | Lin et al. | Aug 2003 | B1 |
| 6610077 | Hancock et al. | Aug 2003 | B1 |
| 6610085 | Lazarus | Aug 2003 | B1 |
| 6610100 | Phelps et al. | Aug 2003 | B2 |
| 6613069 | Boyd et al. | Sep 2003 | B2 |
| 6613077 | Gilligan et al. | Sep 2003 | B2 |
| 6613079 | Wolinsky et al. | Sep 2003 | B1 |
| 6613081 | Kim et al. | Sep 2003 | B2 |
| 6613086 | Moe et al. | Sep 2003 | B1 |
| 6616675 | Evard et al. | Sep 2003 | B1 |
| 6616682 | Joergensen et al. | Sep 2003 | B2 |
| 6622604 | Chouinard et al. | Sep 2003 | B1 |
| 6623491 | Thompson | Sep 2003 | B2 |
| 6623518 | Thompson et al. | Sep 2003 | B2 |
| 6623521 | Steinke et al. | Sep 2003 | B2 |
| 6626938 | Butaric et al. | Sep 2003 | B1 |
| 6626939 | Burnside et al. | Sep 2003 | B1 |
| 6632241 | Hancock et al. | Oct 2003 | B1 |
| 6632243 | Zadno-Azizi et al. | Oct 2003 | B1 |
| 6632470 | Morra et al. | Oct 2003 | B2 |
| 6635068 | Dubrul et al. | Oct 2003 | B1 |
| 6635079 | Unsworth et al. | Oct 2003 | B2 |
| 6635080 | Lauterjung et al. | Oct 2003 | B1 |
| 6635085 | Caffey et al. | Oct 2003 | B1 |
| 6638237 | Guiles et al. | Oct 2003 | B1 |
| 6638247 | Selmon et al. | Oct 2003 | B1 |
| 6638293 | Makower et al. | Oct 2003 | B1 |
| 6641610 | Wolf et al. | Nov 2003 | B2 |
| 6651670 | Rapacki et al. | Nov 2003 | B2 |
| 6651672 | Roth | Nov 2003 | B2 |
| 6652540 | Cole et al. | Nov 2003 | B1 |
| 6652546 | Nash et al. | Nov 2003 | B1 |
| 6652555 | Vantassel et al. | Nov 2003 | B1 |
| 6652571 | White et al. | Nov 2003 | B1 |
| 6652578 | Bailey et al. | Nov 2003 | B2 |
| 6655386 | Makower et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
| 6656213 | Solem | Dec 2003 | B2 |
| 6660003 | DeVore et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
| 6660024 | Flaherty et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
| 6663588 | DuBois et al. | Dec 2003 | B2 |
| 6663663 | Kim et al. | Dec 2003 | B2 |
| 6663667 | Dehdashtian et al. | Dec 2003 | B2 |
| 6666863 | Wentzel et al. | Dec 2003 | B2 |
| 6669709 | Cohn et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
| 6669724 | Park et al. | Dec 2003 | B2 |
| 6673089 | Yassour et al. | Jan 2004 | B1 |
| 6673101 | Fitzgerald et al. | Jan 2004 | B1 |
| 6673106 | Mitelberg et al. | Jan 2004 | B2 |
| 6673109 | Cox | Jan 2004 | B2 |
| 6676668 | Mercereau et al. | Jan 2004 | B2 |
| 6676692 | Rabkin et al. | Jan 2004 | B2 |
| 6676693 | Belding et al. | Jan 2004 | B1 |
| 6676698 | McGuckin, Jr. et al. | Jan 2004 | B2 |
| 6679268 | Stevens et al. | Jan 2004 | B2 |
| 6682543 | Barbut et al. | Jan 2004 | B2 |
| 6682558 | Tu et al. | Jan 2004 | B2 |
| 6682559 | Myers et al. | Jan 2004 | B2 |
| 6685648 | Flaherty et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
| 6685739 | DiMatteo et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
| 6689144 | Gerberding | Feb 2004 | B2 |
| 6689164 | Seguin | Feb 2004 | B1 |
| 6692512 | Jang | Feb 2004 | B2 |
| 6692513 | Streeter et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
| 6694983 | Wolf et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
| 6695864 | Macoviak et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
| 6695865 | Boyle et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
| 6695875 | Stelter et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
| 6695878 | McGuckin, Jr. et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
| 6699274 | Stinson | Mar 2004 | B2 |
| 6701932 | Knudson et al. | Mar 2004 | B2 |
| 6702851 | Chinn et al. | Mar 2004 | B1 |
| 6709425 | Gambale et al. | Mar 2004 | B2 |
| 6709444 | Makower | Mar 2004 | B1 |
| 6712842 | Gifford, III et al. | Mar 2004 | B1 |
| 6712843 | Elliott | Mar 2004 | B2 |
| 6714841 | Wright et al. | Mar 2004 | B1 |
| 6714842 | Ito | Mar 2004 | B1 |
| 6719770 | Laufer et al. | Apr 2004 | B2 |
| 6719787 | Cox | Apr 2004 | B2 |
| 6719788 | Cox | Apr 2004 | B2 |
| 6719789 | Cox | Apr 2004 | B2 |
| 6723116 | Taheri | Apr 2004 | B2 |
| 6723122 | Yang et al. | Apr 2004 | B2 |
| 6726677 | Flaherty et al. | Apr 2004 | B1 |
| 6729356 | Baker et al. | May 2004 | B1 |
| 6730118 | Spenser et al. | May 2004 | B2 |
| 6730121 | Ortiz et al. | May 2004 | B2 |
| 6730377 | Wang | May 2004 | B2 |
| 6733513 | Boyle et al. | May 2004 | B2 |
| 6733525 | Yang et al. | May 2004 | B2 |
| 6736827 | McAndrew et al. | May 2004 | B1 |
| 6736839 | Cummings | May 2004 | B2 |
| 6736845 | Marquez et al. | May 2004 | B2 |
| 6736846 | Cox | May 2004 | B2 |
| 6743252 | Bates et al. | Jun 2004 | B1 |
| 6746464 | Makower | Jun 2004 | B1 |
| 6752828 | Thornton | Jun 2004 | B2 |
| 6755854 | Gillick et al. | Jun 2004 | B2 |
| 6755855 | Yurek et al. | Jun 2004 | B2 |
| 6758855 | Fulton, III et al. | Jul 2004 | B2 |
| 6764503 | Ishimaru | Jul 2004 | B1 |
| 6764509 | Chinn et al. | Jul 2004 | B2 |
| 6767345 | St. Germain et al. | Jul 2004 | B2 |
| 6767362 | Schreck | Jul 2004 | B2 |
| 6769434 | Liddicoat et al. | Aug 2004 | B2 |
| 6773454 | Wholey et al. | Aug 2004 | B2 |
| 6773455 | Allen et al. | Aug 2004 | B2 |
| 6773456 | Gordon et al. | Aug 2004 | B1 |
| 6774278 | Ragheb et al. | Aug 2004 | B1 |
| 6776791 | Stallings et al. | Aug 2004 | B1 |
| 6786925 | Schoon et al. | Sep 2004 | B1 |
| 6786929 | Gambale et al. | Sep 2004 | B2 |
| 6790229 | Berreklouw | Sep 2004 | B1 |
| 6790230 | Beyersdorf et al. | Sep 2004 | B2 |
| 6790237 | Stinson | Sep 2004 | B2 |
| 6792979 | Konya et al. | Sep 2004 | B2 |
| 6797000 | Simpson et al. | Sep 2004 | B2 |
| 6797002 | Spence et al. | Sep 2004 | B2 |
| 6802319 | Stevens et al. | Oct 2004 | B2 |
| 6802858 | Gambale et al. | Oct 2004 | B2 |
| 6805711 | Quijano et al. | Oct 2004 | B2 |
| 6808498 | Laroya et al. | Oct 2004 | B2 |
| 6808504 | Schorgl et al. | Oct 2004 | B2 |
| 6808529 | Fulkerson | Oct 2004 | B2 |
| 6814746 | Thompson et al. | Nov 2004 | B2 |
| 6814754 | Greenhalgh | Nov 2004 | B2 |
| 6820676 | Palmaz et al. | Nov 2004 | B2 |
| 6821211 | Otten et al. | Nov 2004 | B2 |
| 6821297 | Snyders | Nov 2004 | B2 |
| 6824041 | Grieder et al. | Nov 2004 | B2 |
| 6824970 | Vyavahare et al. | Nov 2004 | B2 |
| 6830568 | Kesten et al. | Dec 2004 | B1 |
| 6830575 | Stenzel et al. | Dec 2004 | B2 |
| 6830584 | Seguin | Dec 2004 | B1 |
| 6830585 | Artof et al. | Dec 2004 | B1 |
| 6830586 | Quijano et al. | Dec 2004 | B2 |
| 6837901 | Rabkin et al. | Jan 2005 | B2 |
| 6837902 | Nguyen et al. | Jan 2005 | B2 |
| 6840957 | DiMatteo et al. | Jan 2005 | B2 |
| 6843802 | Villalobos et al. | Jan 2005 | B1 |
| 6846325 | Liddicoat | Jan 2005 | B2 |
| 6849084 | Rabkin et al. | Feb 2005 | B2 |
| 6849085 | Marton | Feb 2005 | B2 |
| 6854467 | Boekstegers | Feb 2005 | B2 |
| 6860898 | Stack et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
| 6861211 | Levy et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
| 6863668 | Gillespie et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
| 6863684 | Kim et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
| 6863688 | Ralph et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
| 6866650 | Stevens et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
| 6866669 | Buzzard et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
| 6872223 | Roberts et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
| 6872226 | Cali et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
| 6875231 | Anduiza et al. | Apr 2005 | B2 |
| 6881199 | Wilk et al. | Apr 2005 | B2 |
| 6881220 | Edwin et al. | Apr 2005 | B2 |
| 6883522 | Spence et al. | Apr 2005 | B2 |
| 6887266 | Williams et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
| 6890330 | Streeter et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
| 6890340 | Duane | May 2005 | B2 |
| 6893459 | Macoviak | May 2005 | B1 |
| 6893460 | Spenser et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
| 6896690 | Lambrecht et al. | May 2005 | B1 |
| 6899704 | Sterman et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
| 6905743 | Chen et al. | Jun 2005 | B1 |
| 6908481 | Cribier | Jun 2005 | B2 |
| 6911036 | Douk et al. | Jun 2005 | B2 |
| 6911040 | Johnson et al. | Jun 2005 | B2 |
| 6911043 | Myers et al. | Jun 2005 | B2 |
| 6913021 | Knudson et al. | Jul 2005 | B2 |
| 6913600 | Valley et al. | Jul 2005 | B2 |
| 6916304 | Eno et al. | Jul 2005 | B2 |
| 6920674 | Thornton | Jul 2005 | B2 |
| 6920732 | Mårtensson | Jul 2005 | B2 |
| 6926690 | Renati | Aug 2005 | B2 |
| 6926732 | Derus et al. | Aug 2005 | B2 |
| 6929009 | Makower et al. | Aug 2005 | B2 |
| 6929011 | Knudson et al. | Aug 2005 | B2 |
| 6929653 | Strecter | Aug 2005 | B2 |
| 6936058 | Forde et al. | Aug 2005 | B2 |
| 6936066 | Palmaz et al. | Aug 2005 | B2 |
| 6936067 | Buchanan | Aug 2005 | B2 |
| 6939352 | Buzzard et al. | Sep 2005 | B2 |
| 6939359 | Tu et al. | Sep 2005 | B2 |
| 6939365 | Fogarty et al. | Sep 2005 | B1 |
| 6939370 | Hartley et al. | Sep 2005 | B2 |
| 6942682 | Vrba et al. | Sep 2005 | B2 |
| 6945949 | Wilk | Sep 2005 | B2 |
| 6945997 | Huynh et al. | Sep 2005 | B2 |
| 6949080 | Wolf et al. | Sep 2005 | B2 |
| 6949118 | Kohler et al. | Sep 2005 | B2 |
| 6951571 | Srivastava | Oct 2005 | B1 |
| 6953332 | Kurk et al. | Oct 2005 | B1 |
| 6953481 | Phelps et al. | Oct 2005 | B2 |
| 6955175 | Stevens et al. | Oct 2005 | B2 |
| 6955681 | Evans et al. | Oct 2005 | B2 |
| 6964652 | Guiles et al. | Nov 2005 | B2 |
| 6964673 | Tsugita et al. | Nov 2005 | B2 |
| 6964676 | Gerberding et al. | Nov 2005 | B1 |
| 6969395 | Eskuri | Nov 2005 | B2 |
| 6972025 | Wasdyke | Dec 2005 | B2 |
| 6972029 | Mayrhofer et al. | Dec 2005 | B2 |
| 6974464 | Quijano et al. | Dec 2005 | B2 |
| 6974474 | Pavcnik et al. | Dec 2005 | B2 |
| 6974476 | McGuckin, Jr. et al. | Dec 2005 | B2 |
| 6976990 | Mowry | Dec 2005 | B2 |
| 6979350 | Moll et al. | Dec 2005 | B2 |
| 6984242 | Campbell et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
| 6984244 | Perez et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
| 6986742 | Hart et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
| 6986784 | Weiser et al. | Jan 2006 | B1 |
| 6988949 | Wang | Jan 2006 | B2 |
| 6989027 | Allen et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
| 6989028 | Lashinski et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
| 6991649 | Sievers | Jan 2006 | B2 |
| 7001425 | McCullagh et al. | Feb 2006 | B2 |
| 7004176 | Lau | Feb 2006 | B2 |
| 7008397 | Tweden et al. | Mar 2006 | B2 |
| 7011095 | Wolf et al. | Mar 2006 | B2 |
| 7011681 | Vesely | Mar 2006 | B2 |
| 7014655 | Barbarash et al. | Mar 2006 | B2 |
| 7018401 | Hyodoh et al. | Mar 2006 | B1 |
| 7018406 | Seguin et al. | Mar 2006 | B2 |
| 7018408 | Bailey et al. | Mar 2006 | B2 |
| 7022134 | Quijano et al. | Apr 2006 | B1 |
| 7025773 | Gittings et al. | Apr 2006 | B2 |
| 7025780 | Gabbay | Apr 2006 | B2 |
| 7025791 | Levine et al. | Apr 2006 | B2 |
| 7028692 | Sterman et al. | Apr 2006 | B2 |
| 7037331 | Mitelberg et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
| 7037333 | Myers et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
| 7041128 | McGuckin, Jr. et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
| 7041132 | Quijano et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
| 7044966 | Svanidze et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
| 7048014 | Hyodoh et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
| 7048757 | Shaknovich | May 2006 | B2 |
| 7050276 | Nishiyama | May 2006 | B2 |
| 7074236 | Rabkin et al. | Jul 2006 | B2 |
| 7078163 | Torrianni | Jul 2006 | B2 |
| 7081132 | Cook et al. | Jul 2006 | B2 |
| 7097658 | Oktay | Aug 2006 | B2 |
| 7097659 | Woolfson et al. | Aug 2006 | B2 |
| 7101396 | Artof et al. | Sep 2006 | B2 |
| 7105016 | Shiu et al. | Sep 2006 | B2 |
| 7108715 | Lawrence-Brown et al. | Sep 2006 | B2 |
| 7115141 | Menz et al. | Oct 2006 | B2 |
| 7118585 | Addis | Oct 2006 | B2 |
| 7122020 | Mogul | Oct 2006 | B2 |
| 7125418 | Duran et al. | Oct 2006 | B2 |
| 7128759 | Osborne et al. | Oct 2006 | B2 |
| 7137184 | Schreck | Nov 2006 | B2 |
| 7141063 | White et al. | Nov 2006 | B2 |
| 7141064 | Scott et al. | Nov 2006 | B2 |
| 7143312 | Wang et al. | Nov 2006 | B1 |
| 7147662 | Pollock et al. | Dec 2006 | B1 |
| 7147663 | Berg et al. | Dec 2006 | B1 |
| 7153324 | Case et al. | Dec 2006 | B2 |
| 7160319 | Chouinard et al. | Jan 2007 | B2 |
| 7163556 | Xie et al. | Jan 2007 | B2 |
| 7166097 | Barbut | Jan 2007 | B2 |
| 7175652 | Cook et al. | Feb 2007 | B2 |
| 7175653 | Gaber | Feb 2007 | B2 |
| 7175654 | Bonsignore et al. | Feb 2007 | B2 |
| 7175656 | Khairkhahan | Feb 2007 | B2 |
| 7179290 | Cao | Feb 2007 | B2 |
| 7186265 | Sharkawy et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
| 7189258 | Johnson et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
| 7189259 | Simionescu et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
| 7191018 | Gielen et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
| 7191406 | Barber et al. | Mar 2007 | B1 |
| 7195641 | Palmaz et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
| 7198646 | Figulla et al. | Apr 2007 | B2 |
| 7201761 | Woolfson et al. | Apr 2007 | B2 |
| 7201772 | Schwammenthal et al. | Apr 2007 | B2 |
| 7214344 | Carpentier et al. | May 2007 | B2 |
| 7217287 | Wilson et al. | May 2007 | B2 |
| 7235092 | Banas et al. | Jun 2007 | B2 |
| 7235093 | Gregorich | Jun 2007 | B2 |
| 7238200 | Lee et al. | Jul 2007 | B2 |
| 7241257 | Ainsworth et al. | Jul 2007 | B1 |
| 7252682 | Seguin | Aug 2007 | B2 |
| 7258696 | Rabkin et al. | Aug 2007 | B2 |
| 7258891 | Pacetti et al. | Aug 2007 | B2 |
| 7261732 | Justino | Aug 2007 | B2 |
| 7264632 | Wright et al. | Sep 2007 | B2 |
| 7267686 | DiMatteo et al. | Sep 2007 | B2 |
| 7276078 | Spenser et al. | Oct 2007 | B2 |
| 7276084 | Yang et al. | Oct 2007 | B2 |
| 7285130 | Austin | Oct 2007 | B2 |
| 7297150 | Cartledge et al. | Nov 2007 | B2 |
| 7300457 | Palmaz | Nov 2007 | B2 |
| 7300463 | Liddicoat | Nov 2007 | B2 |
| 7311730 | Gabbay | Dec 2007 | B2 |
| 7314449 | Pfeiffer et al. | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7314485 | Mathis | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7314880 | Chang et al. | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7316706 | Bloom et al. | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7316712 | Peredo | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7317005 | Hoekstra et al. | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7317942 | Brown | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7317950 | Lee | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7318278 | Zhang et al. | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7318998 | Goldstein et al. | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7319096 | Malm et al. | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7320692 | Bender et al. | Jan 2008 | B1 |
| 7320704 | Lashinski et al. | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7320705 | Quintessenza | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7320706 | Al-Najjar | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7322932 | Xie et al. | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7323006 | Andreas et al. | Jan 2008 | B2 |
| 7323066 | Budron | Jan 2008 | B1 |
| 7326174 | Cox et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7326219 | Mowry et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7326236 | Andreas et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7327862 | Murphy et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7329278 | Seguin et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7329279 | Haug et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7329280 | Bolling et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7329777 | Harter et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7331991 | Kheradvar et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7331993 | White | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7333643 | Murphy et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7335158 | Taylor | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7335213 | Hyde et al. | Feb 2008 | B1 |
| 7335218 | Wilson et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7335490 | Van Gilst et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| 7338484 | Schoon et al. | Mar 2008 | B2 |
| 7338520 | Bailey et al. | Mar 2008 | B2 |
| 7361189 | Case et al. | Apr 2008 | B2 |
| 7361190 | Shaoulian et al. | Apr 2008 | B2 |
| 7364588 | Mathis et al. | Apr 2008 | B2 |
| 7371258 | Woo et al. | May 2008 | B2 |
| 7374560 | Ressemann et al. | May 2008 | B2 |
| 7374571 | Pease et al. | May 2008 | B2 |
| 7377895 | Spence et al. | May 2008 | B2 |
| 7377938 | Sarac et al. | May 2008 | B2 |
| 7377940 | Ryan et al. | May 2008 | B2 |
| 7381210 | Zarbatany et al. | Jun 2008 | B2 |
| 7381216 | Buzzard et al. | Jun 2008 | B2 |
| 7381218 | Schreck | Jun 2008 | B2 |
| 7381219 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2008 | B2 |
| 7381220 | Macoviak et al. | Jun 2008 | B2 |
| 7384411 | Condado | Jun 2008 | B1 |
| 7387640 | Cummings | Jun 2008 | B2 |
| 7389874 | Quest et al. | Jun 2008 | B2 |
| 7390325 | Wang et al. | Jun 2008 | B2 |
| 7393358 | Malewicz | Jul 2008 | B2 |
| 7393360 | Spenser et al. | Jul 2008 | B2 |
| 7396364 | Moaddeb et al. | Jul 2008 | B2 |
| 7399315 | Lobbi | Jul 2008 | B2 |
| 7402171 | Osborne et al. | Jul 2008 | B2 |
| 7404792 | Spence et al. | Jul 2008 | B2 |
| 7404793 | Lau et al. | Jul 2008 | B2 |
| 7405259 | Frye et al. | Jul 2008 | B2 |
| 7410499 | Bicer | Aug 2008 | B2 |
| 7412274 | Mejia | Aug 2008 | B2 |
| 7412290 | Janke et al. | Aug 2008 | B2 |
| 7415861 | Sokel | Aug 2008 | B2 |
| 7416530 | Turner et al. | Aug 2008 | B2 |
| 7422603 | Lane | Sep 2008 | B2 |
| 7422606 | Ung-Chhun et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
| 7423032 | Ozaki et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
| 7426413 | Balczewski et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
| 7427279 | Frazier et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
| 7427287 | Turovskiy et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
| 7427291 | Liddicoat et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
| 7429269 | Schwammenthal et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
| 7430448 | Zimmer et al. | Sep 2008 | B1 |
| 7430484 | Ohara | Sep 2008 | B2 |
| 7431691 | Wilk | Oct 2008 | B1 |
| 7431733 | Knight | Oct 2008 | B2 |
| 7435059 | Smith et al. | Oct 2008 | B2 |
| 7435257 | Lashinski et al. | Oct 2008 | B2 |
| 7442204 | Schwammenthal et al. | Oct 2008 | B2 |
| RE40570 | Carpentier et al. | Nov 2008 | E |
| 7445630 | Lashinski et al. | Nov 2008 | B2 |
| 7445631 | Salahieh et al. | Nov 2008 | B2 |
| 7445632 | McGuckin, Jr. et al. | Nov 2008 | B2 |
| 7452371 | Pavcnik et al. | Nov 2008 | B2 |
| 7455689 | Johnson | Nov 2008 | B2 |
| 7462156 | Mitrev | Dec 2008 | B2 |
| 7462184 | Worley et al. | Dec 2008 | B2 |
| 7462191 | Spenser et al. | Dec 2008 | B2 |
| 7468050 | Kantrowitz | Dec 2008 | B1 |
| 7470284 | Lambrecht et al. | Dec 2008 | B2 |
| 7470285 | Nugent et al. | Dec 2008 | B2 |
| 7473271 | Gunderson | Jan 2009 | B2 |
| 7473275 | Marquez | Jan 2009 | B2 |
| 7473417 | Zeltinger et al. | Jan 2009 | B2 |
| 7476196 | Spence et al. | Jan 2009 | B2 |
| 7476199 | Spence et al. | Jan 2009 | B2 |
| 7476200 | Tal | Jan 2009 | B2 |
| 7476244 | Buzzard et al. | Jan 2009 | B2 |
| 7481838 | Carpentier et al. | Jan 2009 | B2 |
| 7485088 | Murphy et al. | Feb 2009 | B2 |
| 7485143 | Webler et al. | Feb 2009 | B2 |
| 7488346 | Navia | Feb 2009 | B2 |
| 7491232 | Bolduc et al. | Feb 2009 | B2 |
| 7493869 | Foster et al. | Feb 2009 | B1 |
| 7497824 | Taylor | Mar 2009 | B2 |
| 7500949 | Gottlieb et al. | Mar 2009 | B2 |
| 7500989 | Solem et al. | Mar 2009 | B2 |
| 7503929 | Johnson et al. | Mar 2009 | B2 |
| 7503930 | Sharkawy et al. | Mar 2009 | B2 |
| 7507199 | Wang et al. | Mar 2009 | B2 |
| 7510572 | Gabbay | Mar 2009 | B2 |
| 7510574 | Le et al. | Mar 2009 | B2 |
| 7510575 | Spenser et al. | Mar 2009 | B2 |
| 7510577 | Moaddeb et al. | Mar 2009 | B2 |
| 7513863 | Bolling et al. | Apr 2009 | B2 |
| 7513909 | Lane et al. | Apr 2009 | B2 |
| 7522950 | Fuimaono et al. | Apr 2009 | B2 |
| 7524330 | Berreklouw | Apr 2009 | B2 |
| 7530253 | Spenser et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
| 7530995 | Quijano et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
| 7534261 | Friedman | May 2009 | B2 |
| 7544206 | Cohn | Jun 2009 | B2 |
| 7547322 | Sarac et al. | Jun 2009 | B2 |
| 7553324 | Andreas et al. | Jun 2009 | B2 |
| 7556386 | Smith | Jul 2009 | B2 |
| 7556646 | Yang et al. | Jul 2009 | B2 |
| 7569071 | Haverkost et al. | Aug 2009 | B2 |
| 7578828 | Gittings et al. | Aug 2009 | B2 |
| 7585321 | Cribier | Sep 2009 | B2 |
| 7591848 | Allen | Sep 2009 | B2 |
| 7594974 | Cali et al. | Sep 2009 | B2 |
| 7601159 | Ewers et al. | Oct 2009 | B2 |
| 7601195 | Ichikawa | Oct 2009 | B2 |
| 7608099 | Johnson et al. | Oct 2009 | B2 |
| 7611534 | Kapadia et al. | Nov 2009 | B2 |
| 7618446 | Andersen et al. | Nov 2009 | B2 |
| 7622276 | Cunanan et al. | Nov 2009 | B2 |
| 7625403 | Krivoruchko | Dec 2009 | B2 |
| 7628802 | White et al. | Dec 2009 | B2 |
| 7628803 | Pavcnik et al. | Dec 2009 | B2 |
| 7632296 | Malewicz | Dec 2009 | B2 |
| 7632298 | Hijlkema et al. | Dec 2009 | B2 |
| 7635386 | Gammie | Dec 2009 | B1 |
| 7641687 | Chinn et al. | Jan 2010 | B2 |
| 7651519 | Dittman | Jan 2010 | B2 |
| 7655034 | Mitchell et al. | Feb 2010 | B2 |
| 7674282 | Wu et al. | Mar 2010 | B2 |
| 7682390 | Seguin | Mar 2010 | B2 |
| 7704222 | Wilk et al. | Apr 2010 | B2 |
| 7704277 | Zakay et al. | Apr 2010 | B2 |
| 7712606 | Salahieh et al. | May 2010 | B2 |
| 7715903 | Hartley et al. | May 2010 | B2 |
| 7717955 | Lane et al. | May 2010 | B2 |
| 7722638 | Deyette, Jr. et al. | May 2010 | B2 |
| 7722662 | Steinke et al. | May 2010 | B2 |
| 7722666 | Lafontaine | May 2010 | B2 |
| 7722671 | Carlyle et al. | May 2010 | B1 |
| 7731742 | Schlick et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
| 7735493 | Van Der Burg et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
| 7736327 | Wilk et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
| 7736388 | Goldfarb et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
| 7743481 | Lafont et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
| 7748389 | Salahieh et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
| 7758625 | Wu et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
| 7763065 | Schmid et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
| 7771463 | Ton et al. | Aug 2010 | B2 |
| 7771467 | Svensson | Aug 2010 | B2 |
| 7776083 | Vesely | Aug 2010 | B2 |
| 7780725 | Haug et al. | Aug 2010 | B2 |
| 7780726 | Seguin | Aug 2010 | B2 |
| 7785360 | Freitag | Aug 2010 | B2 |
| 7794487 | Majercak et al. | Sep 2010 | B2 |
| 7799046 | White et al. | Sep 2010 | B2 |
| 7799065 | Pappas | Sep 2010 | B2 |
| 7803185 | Gabbay | Sep 2010 | B2 |
| 7806919 | Bloom et al. | Oct 2010 | B2 |
| 7823267 | Bolduc | Nov 2010 | B2 |
| 7824442 | Salahieh et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
| 7824443 | Salahieh et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
| 7833262 | McGuckin, Jr. et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
| 7837727 | Goetz et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
| 7846203 | Cribier | Dec 2010 | B2 |
| 7846204 | Letac et al. | Dec 2010 | B2 |
| 7854758 | Taheri | Dec 2010 | B2 |
| 7857845 | Stacchino et al. | Dec 2010 | B2 |
| 7862602 | Licata et al. | Jan 2011 | B2 |
| 7867274 | Hill et al. | Jan 2011 | B2 |
| 7887583 | Macoviak | Feb 2011 | B2 |
| 7892276 | Stocker et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
| 7892292 | Stack et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
| 7896913 | Damm et al. | Mar 2011 | B2 |
| 7896915 | Guyenot et al. | Mar 2011 | B2 |
| 7914569 | Nguyen et al. | Mar 2011 | B2 |
| 7914574 | Schmid et al. | Mar 2011 | B2 |
| 7914575 | Guyenot et al. | Mar 2011 | B2 |
| 7918880 | Austin | Apr 2011 | B2 |
| 7927363 | Perouse | Apr 2011 | B2 |
| 7938851 | Olson et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
| 7947071 | Schmid et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
| 7947075 | Goetz et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
| 7951189 | Haverkost et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
| 7959666 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2011 | B2 |
| 7959672 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2011 | B2 |
| 7967853 | Eidenschink et al. | Jun 2011 | B2 |
| 7972359 | Kreidler | Jul 2011 | B2 |
| 7972376 | Dove et al. | Jul 2011 | B1 |
| 7972378 | Tabor et al. | Jul 2011 | B2 |
| 7988724 | Salahieh et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
| 7993386 | Elliott | Aug 2011 | B2 |
| 8002824 | Jenson et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
| 8002825 | Letac et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
| 8012198 | Hill et al. | Sep 2011 | B2 |
| 8021421 | Fogarty et al. | Sep 2011 | B2 |
| RE42818 | Cali et al. | Oct 2011 | E |
| RE42857 | Cali et al. | Oct 2011 | E |
| 8038704 | Sherburne | Oct 2011 | B2 |
| 8038709 | Palasis et al. | Oct 2011 | B2 |
| 8043450 | Cali et al. | Oct 2011 | B2 |
| 8048153 | Salahieh et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
| 8052715 | Quinn et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
| 8052749 | Salahieh et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
| 8052750 | Tuval et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
| 8057540 | Letac et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
| 8062355 | Figulla et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
| 8062536 | Liu et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
| 8062537 | Tuominen et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
| 8062749 | Shelestak et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
| 8070799 | Righini et al. | Dec 2011 | B2 |
| 8075641 | Aravanis et al. | Dec 2011 | B2 |
| 8083788 | Acosta et al. | Dec 2011 | B2 |
| 8092518 | Schreck | Jan 2012 | B2 |
| 8092520 | Quadri | Jan 2012 | B2 |
| 8092521 | Figulla et al. | Jan 2012 | B2 |
| 8128676 | Cummings | Mar 2012 | B2 |
| 8128681 | Shoemaker et al. | Mar 2012 | B2 |
| 8133217 | Stokes et al. | Mar 2012 | B2 |
| 8133270 | Kheradvar et al. | Mar 2012 | B2 |
| 8136659 | Salahieh et al. | Mar 2012 | B2 |
| 8137394 | Stocker et al. | Mar 2012 | B2 |
| 8137398 | Tuval et al. | Mar 2012 | B2 |
| 8147534 | Berez et al. | Apr 2012 | B2 |
| 8157853 | Laske et al. | Apr 2012 | B2 |
| 8167894 | Miles et al. | May 2012 | B2 |
| 8172896 | McNamara et al. | May 2012 | B2 |
| 8182528 | Salahieh et al. | May 2012 | B2 |
| 8192351 | Fishler et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
| 8206437 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
| 8211107 | Parks et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
| 8216174 | Wilk et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
| 8216301 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
| 8221493 | Boyle et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
| 8226707 | White | Jul 2012 | B2 |
| 8226710 | Nguyen et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
| 8231670 | Salahieh et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
| 8236049 | Rowe et al. | Aug 2012 | B2 |
| 8236241 | Carpentier et al. | Aug 2012 | B2 |
| 8246675 | Zegdi | Aug 2012 | B2 |
| 8246678 | Salahieh et al. | Aug 2012 | B2 |
| 8252051 | Chau et al. | Aug 2012 | B2 |
| 8252052 | Salahieh et al. | Aug 2012 | B2 |
| 8277500 | Schmid et al. | Oct 2012 | B2 |
| 8287584 | Salahieh et al. | Oct 2012 | B2 |
| 8303653 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
| 8308798 | Pintor et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
| 8317858 | Straubinger et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
| 8323335 | Rowe et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
| 8328868 | Paul et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
| 8343136 | Howat et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
| 8343213 | Salahieh et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
| 8348995 | Tuval et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
| 8348996 | Tuval et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
| 8348999 | Kheradvar et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
| 8357387 | Dove et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
| 8366767 | Zhang | Feb 2013 | B2 |
| 8372134 | Schlick et al. | Feb 2013 | B2 |
| 8376865 | Forster et al. | Feb 2013 | B2 |
| 8377117 | Keidar et al. | Feb 2013 | B2 |
| 8382822 | Pavcnik et al. | Feb 2013 | B2 |
| 8398704 | Straubinger et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
| 8398708 | Meiri et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
| 8403983 | Quadri et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
| 8414641 | Stocker et al. | Apr 2013 | B2 |
| 8414643 | Tuval et al. | Apr 2013 | B2 |
| 8414644 | Quadri et al. | Apr 2013 | B2 |
| 8414645 | Dwork et al. | Apr 2013 | B2 |
| 8439961 | Jagger et al. | May 2013 | B2 |
| 8445278 | Everaerts et al. | May 2013 | B2 |
| 8460365 | Haverkost et al. | Jun 2013 | B2 |
| 8465540 | Straubinger et al. | Jun 2013 | B2 |
| 8468667 | Straubinger et al. | Jun 2013 | B2 |
| 8470023 | Eidenschink et al. | Jun 2013 | B2 |
| 8491650 | Wiemeyer et al. | Jul 2013 | B2 |
| 8512394 | Schmid et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
| 8512399 | Lafontaine | Aug 2013 | B2 |
| 8512400 | Tran et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
| 8512401 | Murray, III et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
| 8523936 | Schmid et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
| 8535368 | Headley, Jr. et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
| 8540762 | Schmid et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
| 8545547 | Schmid et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
| 8545552 | Garrison et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
| 8551160 | Figulla et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
| 8556880 | Freyman et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
| 8556966 | Jenson | Oct 2013 | B2 |
| 8568475 | Nguyen et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
| 8579936 | Abbott et al. | Nov 2013 | B2 |
| 8579962 | Salahieh et al. | Nov 2013 | B2 |
| 8579965 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Nov 2013 | B2 |
| 8585756 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Nov 2013 | B2 |
| 8585759 | Bumbalough | Nov 2013 | B2 |
| 8591570 | Revuelta et al. | Nov 2013 | B2 |
| 8597226 | Wilk et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
| 8603159 | Seguin et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
| 8603160 | Salahieh et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
| 8617235 | Schmid et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
| 8617236 | Paul et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
| 8623074 | Ryan | Jan 2014 | B2 |
| 8623075 | Murray, III | Jan 2014 | B2 |
| 8623076 | Salahieh et al. | Jan 2014 | B2 |
| 8623078 | Salahieh et al. | Jan 2014 | B2 |
| 8628562 | Cummings | Jan 2014 | B2 |
| 8628571 | Hacohen et al. | Jan 2014 | B1 |
| 8647381 | Essinger et al. | Feb 2014 | B2 |
| 8668733 | Haug et al. | Mar 2014 | B2 |
| 8672997 | Drasler et al. | Mar 2014 | B2 |
| 8679174 | Ottma et al. | Mar 2014 | B2 |
| 8685077 | Laske et al. | Apr 2014 | B2 |
| 8696743 | Holecek et al. | Apr 2014 | B2 |
| 8721713 | Tower et al. | May 2014 | B2 |
| 8721717 | Shoemaker et al. | May 2014 | B2 |
| 8734508 | Hastings et al. | May 2014 | B2 |
| 8758430 | Ferrari et al. | Jun 2014 | B2 |
| 8764818 | Gregg | Jul 2014 | B2 |
| 8778020 | Gregg et al. | Jul 2014 | B2 |
| 8790395 | Straubinger et al. | Jul 2014 | B2 |
| 8795305 | Martin et al. | Aug 2014 | B2 |
| 8795356 | Quadri et al. | Aug 2014 | B2 |
| 8808356 | Braido et al. | Aug 2014 | B2 |
| 8808364 | Palasis et al. | Aug 2014 | B2 |
| RE45130 | Figulla et al. | Sep 2014 | E |
| 8828078 | Salahieh et al. | Sep 2014 | B2 |
| 8828079 | Thielen et al. | Sep 2014 | B2 |
| 8840662 | Salahieh et al. | Sep 2014 | B2 |
| 8840663 | Salahieh et al. | Sep 2014 | B2 |
| 8845721 | Braido et al. | Sep 2014 | B2 |
| 8851286 | Chang et al. | Oct 2014 | B2 |
| 8852272 | Gross et al. | Oct 2014 | B2 |
| 8858620 | Salahieh et al. | Oct 2014 | B2 |
| 8894703 | Salahieh et al. | Nov 2014 | B2 |
| 8932349 | Jenson et al. | Jan 2015 | B2 |
| 8940014 | Gamarra et al. | Jan 2015 | B2 |
| 8951243 | Crisostomo et al. | Feb 2015 | B2 |
| 8951299 | Paul et al. | Feb 2015 | B2 |
| 8956383 | Aklog et al. | Feb 2015 | B2 |
| 8992608 | Haug et al. | Mar 2015 | B2 |
| 8998976 | Gregg et al. | Apr 2015 | B2 |
| 9005273 | Salahieh et al. | Apr 2015 | B2 |
| 9011521 | Haug et al. | Apr 2015 | B2 |
| 9023099 | Duffy et al. | May 2015 | B2 |
| 9028542 | Hill et al. | May 2015 | B2 |
| 9039756 | White | May 2015 | B2 |
| 9044318 | Straubinger et al. | Jun 2015 | B2 |
| 9131926 | Crisostomo et al. | Sep 2015 | B2 |
| 9138315 | Straubinger et al. | Sep 2015 | B2 |
| 9149358 | Tabor et al. | Oct 2015 | B2 |
| 9168130 | Straubinger et al. | Oct 2015 | B2 |
| 9168131 | Yohanan et al. | Oct 2015 | B2 |
| 9168136 | Yang et al. | Oct 2015 | B2 |
| RE45790 | Figulla et al. | Nov 2015 | E |
| 9180005 | Lashinski et al. | Nov 2015 | B1 |
| 9186482 | Dorn | Nov 2015 | B2 |
| 9211266 | Iwazawa et al. | Dec 2015 | B2 |
| 9216082 | Von Segesser et al. | Dec 2015 | B2 |
| 9248037 | Roeder et al. | Feb 2016 | B2 |
| 9265608 | Miller et al. | Feb 2016 | B2 |
| 9277991 | Salahieh et al. | Mar 2016 | B2 |
| 9277993 | Gamarra et al. | Mar 2016 | B2 |
| 9295551 | Straubinger et al. | Mar 2016 | B2 |
| 9301840 | Nguyen et al. | Apr 2016 | B2 |
| 9301843 | Richardson et al. | Apr 2016 | B2 |
| 9308085 | Salahieh et al. | Apr 2016 | B2 |
| 9320599 | Salahieh et al. | Apr 2016 | B2 |
| 9326853 | Olson et al. | May 2016 | B2 |
| 9358106 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2016 | B2 |
| 9358110 | Paul et al. | Jun 2016 | B2 |
| 9370419 | Hill et al. | Jun 2016 | B2 |
| 9370421 | Crisostomo et al. | Jun 2016 | B2 |
| 9387076 | Paul et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
| 9393094 | Salahieh et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
| 9393113 | Salahieh et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
| 9393114 | Sutton et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
| 9393115 | Tabor et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
| 9415567 | Sogard et al. | Aug 2016 | B2 |
| 9421083 | Eidenschink et al. | Aug 2016 | B2 |
| 9439759 | Straubinger et al. | Sep 2016 | B2 |
| 9463084 | Stinson | Oct 2016 | B2 |
| 9474598 | Gregg et al. | Oct 2016 | B2 |
| 9474609 | Haverkost et al. | Oct 2016 | B2 |
| 9492276 | Lee et al. | Nov 2016 | B2 |
| 9510945 | Sutton et al. | Dec 2016 | B2 |
| 9510947 | Straubinger et al. | Dec 2016 | B2 |
| 9526609 | Salahieh et al. | Dec 2016 | B2 |
| 9532872 | Salahieh et al. | Jan 2017 | B2 |
| 9539091 | Yang et al. | Jan 2017 | B2 |
| 9554924 | Schlick et al. | Jan 2017 | B2 |
| 9597432 | Nakamura | Mar 2017 | B2 |
| 9649212 | Fargahi | May 2017 | B2 |
| 9717593 | Alkhatib et al. | Aug 2017 | B2 |
| 9744031 | Girard et al. | Aug 2017 | B2 |
| D800908 | Hariton et al. | Oct 2017 | S |
| 9775709 | Miller et al. | Oct 2017 | B2 |
| 9788945 | Ottma et al. | Oct 2017 | B2 |
| 9861476 | Salahieh et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
| 9867694 | Girard et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
| 9867699 | Straubinger et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
| 9872768 | Paul et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
| 9878127 | Damm et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
| 9889002 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Feb 2018 | B2 |
| 9901445 | Backus et al. | Feb 2018 | B2 |
| 9949824 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Apr 2018 | B2 |
| 9956075 | Salahieh et al. | May 2018 | B2 |
| 9968761 | Brecker | May 2018 | B2 |
| 9987133 | Straubinger et al. | Jun 2018 | B2 |
| 10092324 | Gillespie et al. | Oct 2018 | B2 |
| 10143552 | Wallace et al. | Dec 2018 | B2 |
| 10154901 | Straubinger et al. | Dec 2018 | B2 |
| 10321987 | Wang et al. | Jun 2019 | B2 |
| 10363134 | Figulla et al. | Jul 2019 | B2 |
| 10543084 | Guyenot et al. | Jan 2020 | B2 |
| 10575947 | Straubinger et al. | Mar 2020 | B2 |
| 10638918 | Atarot et al. | May 2020 | B2 |
| 10702382 | Straubinger et al. | Jul 2020 | B2 |
| 10709555 | Schreck et al. | Jul 2020 | B2 |
| 10856978 | Straubinger et al. | Dec 2020 | B2 |
| 10856987 | Cabiri et al. | Dec 2020 | B2 |
| 11065138 | Schreck et al. | Jul 2021 | B2 |
| 11147669 | Straubinger et al. | Oct 2021 | B2 |
| 11154398 | Straubinger et al. | Oct 2021 | B2 |
| 11197754 | Saffari et al. | Dec 2021 | B2 |
| 11266497 | Cao et al. | Mar 2022 | B2 |
| 20010000041 | Selmon et al. | Mar 2001 | A1 |
| 20010001314 | Davison et al. | May 2001 | A1 |
| 20010002445 | Vesely | May 2001 | A1 |
| 20010004683 | Gambale et al. | Jun 2001 | A1 |
| 20010004690 | Gambale et al. | Jun 2001 | A1 |
| 20010004699 | Gittings et al. | Jun 2001 | A1 |
| 20010007956 | Letac et al. | Jul 2001 | A1 |
| 20010008969 | Evans et al. | Jul 2001 | A1 |
| 20010010017 | Letac et al. | Jul 2001 | A1 |
| 20010011187 | Pavcnik et al. | Aug 2001 | A1 |
| 20010011189 | Drasler et al. | Aug 2001 | A1 |
| 20010012948 | Vanney | Aug 2001 | A1 |
| 20010014813 | Saadat et al. | Aug 2001 | A1 |
| 20010016700 | Eno et al. | Aug 2001 | A1 |
| 20010018596 | Selmon et al. | Aug 2001 | A1 |
| 20010020172 | Selmon et al. | Sep 2001 | A1 |
| 20010021872 | Bailey et al. | Sep 2001 | A1 |
| 20010025196 | Chinn et al. | Sep 2001 | A1 |
| 20010025643 | Foley | Oct 2001 | A1 |
| 20010027287 | Shmulewitz et al. | Oct 2001 | A1 |
| 20010027338 | Greenberg | Oct 2001 | A1 |
| 20010027339 | Boatman et al. | Oct 2001 | A1 |
| 20010029385 | Shennib et al. | Oct 2001 | A1 |
| 20010032013 | Marton | Oct 2001 | A1 |
| 20010034547 | Hall et al. | Oct 2001 | A1 |
| 20010037117 | Gambale et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010037141 | Yee et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010037149 | Wilk | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010039426 | Makower et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010039445 | Hall et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010039450 | Pavcnik et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010041902 | Lepulu et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010041928 | Pavcnik et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010041930 | Globerman et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010044631 | Akin et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010044634 | Don Michael et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010044647 | Pinchuk et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010044652 | Moore | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010044656 | Williamson, IV et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010047165 | Makower et al. | Nov 2001 | A1 |
| 20010049523 | DeVore et al. | Dec 2001 | A1 |
| 20010051822 | Stack et al. | Dec 2001 | A1 |
| 20010053932 | Phelps et al. | Dec 2001 | A1 |
| 20020002349 | Flaherty et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
| 20020002396 | Fulkerson | Jan 2002 | A1 |
| 20020002401 | McGuckin, Jr. et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
| 20020004662 | Wilk | Jan 2002 | A1 |
| 20020004663 | Gittings et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
| 20020007138 | Wilk et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
| 20020010489 | Grayzel et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
| 20020010508 | Chobotov | Jan 2002 | A1 |
| 20020026233 | Shaknovich | Feb 2002 | A1 |
| 20020029014 | Jayaraman | Mar 2002 | A1 |
| 20020029079 | Kim et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
| 20020029981 | Nigam | Mar 2002 | A1 |
| 20020032476 | Gambale et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
| 20020032478 | Boekstegers et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
| 20020032480 | Spence et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
| 20020032481 | Gabbay | Mar 2002 | A1 |
| 20020035390 | Schaldach et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
| 20020035396 | Heath | Mar 2002 | A1 |
| 20020042650 | Vardi et al. | Apr 2002 | A1 |
| 20020042651 | Liddicoat et al. | Apr 2002 | A1 |
| 20020045846 | Kaplon et al. | Apr 2002 | A1 |
| 20020045928 | Boekstegers | Apr 2002 | A1 |
| 20020045929 | Diaz | Apr 2002 | A1 |
| 20020049486 | Knudson et al. | Apr 2002 | A1 |
| 20020052651 | Myers et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020055767 | Forde et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020055769 | Wang | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020055772 | McGuckin, Jr. et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020055774 | Liddicoat | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020055775 | Carpentier et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020058897 | Renati | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020058987 | Butaric et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020058993 | Landau et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020058995 | Stevens | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020062146 | Makower et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020065478 | Knudson et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020065485 | DuBois et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
| 20020072699 | Knudson et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
| 20020072789 | Hackett et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
| 20020077566 | Laroya et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
| 20020077654 | Javier, Jr. et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
| 20020077696 | Zadno-Azizi et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
| 20020082584 | Rosenman et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
| 20020082609 | Green | Jun 2002 | A1 |
| 20020092535 | Wilk | Jul 2002 | A1 |
| 20020092536 | LaFontaine et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
| 20020095111 | Tweden et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
| 20020095173 | Mazzocchi et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
| 20020095206 | Addonizio et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
| 20020095209 | Zadno-Azizi et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
| 20020099439 | Schwartz et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
| 20020100484 | Hall et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
| 20020103533 | Langberg et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
| 20020107565 | Greenhalgh | Aug 2002 | A1 |
| 20020111627 | Vincent-Prestigiacomo | Aug 2002 | A1 |
| 20020111665 | Lauterjung | Aug 2002 | A1 |
| 20020111668 | Smith | Aug 2002 | A1 |
| 20020111672 | Kim et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
| 20020111674 | Chouinard et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
| 20020117789 | Childers et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
| 20020120322 | Thompson et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
| 20020120323 | Thompson et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
| 20020120328 | Pathak et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
| 20020123698 | Garibotto et al. | Sep 2002 | A1 |
| 20020123786 | Gittings et al. | Sep 2002 | A1 |
| 20020123790 | White et al. | Sep 2002 | A1 |
| 20020123802 | Snyders | Sep 2002 | A1 |
| 20020128552 | Nowlin et al. | Sep 2002 | A1 |
| 20020133183 | Lentz et al. | Sep 2002 | A1 |
| 20020133226 | Marquez et al. | Sep 2002 | A1 |
| 20020138087 | Shennib et al. | Sep 2002 | A1 |
| 20020138138 | Yang | Sep 2002 | A1 |
| 20020143285 | Eno et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020143289 | Ellis et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020143387 | Soetikno et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020144696 | Sharkawy et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020151913 | Berg et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020151970 | Garrison et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020156522 | Ivancev et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020161377 | Rabkin | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020161383 | Akin et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020161390 | Mouw | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020161392 | Dubrul | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020161394 | Macoviak et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020161424 | Rapacki et al. | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020161426 | Iancea | Oct 2002 | A1 |
| 20020165479 | Wilk | Nov 2002 | A1 |
| 20020165576 | Boyle et al. | Nov 2002 | A1 |
| 20020165606 | Wolf et al. | Nov 2002 | A1 |
| 20020173842 | Buchanan | Nov 2002 | A1 |
| 20020177766 | Mogul | Nov 2002 | A1 |
| 20020177772 | Altman et al. | Nov 2002 | A1 |
| 20020177840 | Farnholtz | Nov 2002 | A1 |
| 20020177894 | Acosta et al. | Nov 2002 | A1 |
| 20020179098 | Makower et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
| 20020183716 | Herweck et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
| 20020183781 | Casey et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
| 20020186558 | Plank et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
| 20020188341 | Elliott | Dec 2002 | A1 |
| 20020188344 | Bolea et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
| 20020193782 | Ellis et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
| 20020193871 | Beyersdorf et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
| 20020198594 | Schreck | Dec 2002 | A1 |
| 20030004541 | Linder et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
| 20030004560 | Chobotov et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
| 20030009189 | Gilson et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
| 20030014104 | Cribier | Jan 2003 | A1 |
| 20030018377 | Berg et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
| 20030018379 | Knudson et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
| 20030023300 | Bailey et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
| 20030023303 | Palmaz et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
| 20030027332 | Lafrance et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030028213 | Thill et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030028247 | Cali | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030033001 | Igaki | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030036791 | Philipp et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030036795 | Andersen et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030040736 | Stevens et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030040771 | Hyodoh et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030040772 | Hyodoh et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030040791 | Oktay | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030040792 | Gabbay | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030042186 | Boyle | Mar 2003 | A1 |
| 20030044315 | Boekstegers | Mar 2003 | A1 |
| 20030045828 | Wilk | Mar 2003 | A1 |
| 20030050694 | Yang et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
| 20030055371 | Wolf et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
| 20030055495 | Pease et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
| 20030057156 | Peterson et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
| 20030060844 | Borillo et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
| 20030065386 | Weadock | Apr 2003 | A1 |
| 20030069492 | Abrams et al. | Apr 2003 | A1 |
| 20030069646 | Stinson | Apr 2003 | A1 |
| 20030070944 | Nigam | Apr 2003 | A1 |
| 20030073973 | Evans et al. | Apr 2003 | A1 |
| 20030074058 | Sherry | Apr 2003 | A1 |
| 20030078561 | Gambale et al. | Apr 2003 | A1 |
| 20030078652 | Sutherland | Apr 2003 | A1 |
| 20030083730 | Stinson | May 2003 | A1 |
| 20030093145 | Lawrence-Brown et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
| 20030100918 | Duane | May 2003 | A1 |
| 20030100919 | Hopkins et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
| 20030100920 | Akin et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
| 20030105514 | Phelps et al. | Jun 2003 | A1 |
| 20030109924 | Cribier | Jun 2003 | A1 |
| 20030109930 | Bluni et al. | Jun 2003 | A1 |
| 20030114912 | Sequin et al. | Jun 2003 | A1 |
| 20030114913 | Spenser et al. | Jun 2003 | A1 |
| 20030120195 | Milo et al. | Jun 2003 | A1 |
| 20030125795 | Pavcnik et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20030130726 | Thorpe et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20030130727 | Drasler et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20030130729 | Paniagua et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20030130746 | Ashworth et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20030135257 | Taheri | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20030139796 | Sequin et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20030139798 | Brown et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20030139803 | Sequin et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20030139804 | Hankh et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20030144657 | Bowe et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20030144732 | Cosgrove et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
| 20030149474 | Becker | Aug 2003 | A1 |
| 20030149475 | Hyodoh et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
| 20030149476 | Damm et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
| 20030149477 | Gabbay | Aug 2003 | A1 |
| 20030149478 | Figulla et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
| 20030153971 | Chandrasekaran | Aug 2003 | A1 |
| 20030153974 | Spenser et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
| 20030158573 | Gittings et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
| 20030158595 | Randall et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
| 20030163193 | Widenhouse | Aug 2003 | A1 |
| 20030163198 | Morra et al. | Aug 2003 | A1 |
| 20030165352 | Ibrahim et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
| 20030171803 | Shimon | Sep 2003 | A1 |
| 20030171805 | Berg et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
| 20030176884 | Berrada et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
| 20030181850 | Diamond et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
| 20030181938 | Roth et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
| 20030181942 | Sutton et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
| 20030187495 | Cully et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030191449 | Nash et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030191516 | Weldon et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030191519 | Lombardi et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030191526 | Van Tassel et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030195457 | LaFontaine et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030195458 | Phelps et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030195609 | Berenstein et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030195620 | Huynh et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030198722 | Johnston, Jr. et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030199759 | Richard | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030199913 | Dubrul et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030199963 | Tower et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030199971 | Tower et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030199972 | Zadno-Azizi et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030204160 | Kamm et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030204249 | Letort | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030208224 | Broome | Nov 2003 | A1 |
| 20030212410 | Stenzel et al. | Nov 2003 | A1 |
| 20030212413 | Wilk | Nov 2003 | A1 |
| 20030212429 | Keegan et al. | Nov 2003 | A1 |
| 20030212452 | Zadno-Azizi et al. | Nov 2003 | A1 |
| 20030212454 | Scott et al. | Nov 2003 | A1 |
| 20030216678 | March et al. | Nov 2003 | A1 |
| 20030216679 | Wolf et al. | Nov 2003 | A1 |
| 20030216774 | Larson | Nov 2003 | A1 |
| 20030220661 | Mowry et al. | Nov 2003 | A1 |
| 20030220667 | Van Der Burg et al. | Nov 2003 | A1 |
| 20030225445 | Derus et al. | Dec 2003 | A1 |
| 20030229366 | Reggie et al. | Dec 2003 | A1 |
| 20030229390 | Ashton et al. | Dec 2003 | A1 |
| 20030233117 | Adams et al. | Dec 2003 | A1 |
| 20030236542 | Makower | Dec 2003 | A1 |
| 20030236567 | Elliot | Dec 2003 | A1 |
| 20030236568 | Hojeibane et al. | Dec 2003 | A1 |
| 20030236570 | Cook et al. | Dec 2003 | A1 |
| 20040004926 | Maeda | Jan 2004 | A1 |
| 20040006298 | Wilk | Jan 2004 | A1 |
| 20040006380 | Buck et al. | Jan 2004 | A1 |
| 20040015225 | Kim et al. | Jan 2004 | A1 |
| 20040015228 | Lombardi et al. | Jan 2004 | A1 |
| 20040018651 | Nadeau | Jan 2004 | A1 |
| 20040019348 | Stevens et al. | Jan 2004 | A1 |
| 20040019374 | Hojeibane et al. | Jan 2004 | A1 |
| 20040026389 | Kessler et al. | Feb 2004 | A1 |
| 20040033364 | Spiridigliozzi et al. | Feb 2004 | A1 |
| 20040034411 | Quijano et al. | Feb 2004 | A1 |
| 20040037946 | Morra et al. | Feb 2004 | A1 |
| 20040039343 | Eppstein et al. | Feb 2004 | A1 |
| 20040039436 | Spenser et al. | Feb 2004 | A1 |
| 20040044350 | Martin et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040044361 | Frazier et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040044392 | Von Oepen | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040044400 | Cheng et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040044402 | Jung et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040049204 | Harari et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040049207 | Goldfarb et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040049224 | Buehlmann et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040049226 | Keegan et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040049262 | Obermiller et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040049266 | Anduiza et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040058097 | Weder | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040059280 | Makower et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040059407 | Escamilla et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040059409 | Stenzel | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040059429 | Amin et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040073157 | Knudson et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040073198 | Gilson et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040073238 | Makower | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040073289 | Hartley | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040077987 | Rapacki et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040077988 | Tweden et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040077990 | Knudson et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040078950 | Schreck | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040082904 | Houde et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040082967 | Broome et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040082989 | Cook et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
| 20040087982 | Eskuri | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040088042 | Kim et al. | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040088045 | Cox | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040092858 | Wilson et al. | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040092989 | Wilson et al. | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040093005 | Durcan | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040093016 | Root et al. | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040093060 | Seguin et al. | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040093063 | Wright et al. | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040093070 | Hojeibane et al. | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040093075 | Kuehne | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040097788 | Mourlas et al. | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040098022 | Barone | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040098098 | McGuckin, Jr. et al. | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040098099 | McCullagh et al. | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040098112 | DiMatteo et al. | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040102855 | Shank | May 2004 | A1 |
| 20040106931 | Guiles et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040106976 | Bailey et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040106990 | Spence et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040107004 | Levine et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040111096 | Tu et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040113306 | Rapacki et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040116951 | Rosengart | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040116999 | Ledergerber | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040117004 | Osborne et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040117009 | Cali et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040118415 | Hall et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040122318 | Flaherty et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040122347 | Knudson et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040122468 | Yodfat et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040122514 | Fogarty et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040122516 | Fogarty et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040127847 | DuBois et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040127912 | Rabkin et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040127936 | Salahieh et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040127979 | Wilson et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040127982 | Machold et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040133154 | Flaherty et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040133225 | Makower | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040133274 | Webler et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040138694 | Tran et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040138742 | Myers et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040138743 | Myers et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040138745 | Macoviak et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040147868 | Bardsley et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040147869 | Wolf et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040148018 | Carpentier et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040148021 | Cartledge et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
| 20040153094 | Dunfee et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
| 20040153145 | Simionescu et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
| 20040153146 | Lashinski et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
| 20040158143 | Flaherty et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
| 20040158277 | Lowe et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
| 20040163094 | Matsui et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
| 20040167444 | Laroya et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
| 20040167565 | Beulke et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
| 20040167573 | Williamson, IV et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
| 20040167620 | Ortiz et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
| 20040168691 | Sharkawy et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040176791 | Lim et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040181140 | Falwell et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040186507 | Hall et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040186557 | Gambale et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040186558 | Pavcnik et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040186563 | Lobbi | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040186565 | Schreck | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040186587 | Ahern | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040193180 | Buzzard et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040193244 | Hartley et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040193252 | Perez et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040193261 | Berreklouw | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040197695 | Aono | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040199245 | Lauterjung | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040204683 | McGuckin, Jr. et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040204755 | Robin | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040206363 | McCarthy et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040210104 | Lau et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040210190 | Kohler et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040210240 | Saint | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040210301 | Obermiller | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040210304 | Seguin et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040210306 | Quijano et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040210307 | Khairkhahan | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040215317 | Cummings | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040215331 | Chew et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040215333 | Duran et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040215339 | Drasler et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040219180 | Gambale et al. | Nov 2004 | A1 |
| 20040220598 | Bolduc et al. | Nov 2004 | A1 |
| 20040220655 | Swanson et al. | Nov 2004 | A1 |
| 20040225321 | Krolik et al. | Nov 2004 | A1 |
| 20040225353 | McGuckin, Jr. et al. | Nov 2004 | A1 |
| 20040225354 | Allen et al. | Nov 2004 | A1 |
| 20040225355 | Stevens | Nov 2004 | A1 |
| 20040236411 | Sarac et al. | Nov 2004 | A1 |
| 20040236418 | Stevens | Nov 2004 | A1 |
| 20040243143 | Corcoran et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20040243221 | Fawzi et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20040249343 | Cioanta | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20040254594 | Alfaro | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20040254636 | Flagle et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20040260389 | Case et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20040260390 | Sarac et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20040260393 | Rahdert et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20040260394 | Douk et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20040267357 | Allen et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20050000858 | Roovers | Jan 2005 | A1 |
| 20050004505 | Phelps et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
| 20050004558 | Gambale et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
| 20050004648 | Boekstegers | Jan 2005 | A1 |
| 20050008589 | Legrand et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
| 20050009000 | Wilhelm et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
| 20050010246 | Streeter et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
| 20050010285 | Lambrecht et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
| 20050010287 | Macoviak et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
| 20050015112 | Cohn et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
| 20050021136 | Xie et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
| 20050025857 | Schoenherr et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050027305 | Shiu et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050027348 | Case et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050033220 | Wilk et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050033398 | Seguin | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050033402 | Cully et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050038495 | Greenan | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050038509 | Ashe | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050043585 | Datta et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050043711 | Corcoran et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050043757 | Arad et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050043759 | Chanduszko | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050043760 | Fogarty et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050043781 | Foley | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050043790 | Seguin | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050049674 | Berra et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050049692 | Numamoto et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050049696 | Siess et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050055088 | Liddicoat et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050060016 | Wu et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050060018 | Dittman | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050060029 | Le et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050060030 | Lashinski et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050065594 | DiMatteo et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050070794 | Deal et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050070957 | Das | Mar 2005 | A1 |
| 20050075584 | Cali | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050075662 | Pedersen et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050075712 | Biancucci et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050075717 | Nguyen et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050075719 | Bergheim | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050075720 | Nguyen et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050075724 | Svanidze et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050075725 | Rowe | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050075726 | Svanidze et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050075727 | Wheatley | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050075730 | Myers et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050075731 | Artof et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050075776 | Cho | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050084595 | Shukla et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050085841 | Eversull et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050085842 | Eversull et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050085843 | Opolski et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050085890 | Rasmussen et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050085900 | Case et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050090846 | Pedersen et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050090890 | Wu et al. | Apr 2005 | A1 |
| 20050096568 | Kato | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050096692 | Linder et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050096724 | Stenzel et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050096726 | Sequin et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050096734 | Majercak et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050096735 | Hojeibane et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050096736 | Osse et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050096738 | Cali et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050096768 | Huang et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050098547 | Cali et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050100580 | Osborne et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050101903 | Kohler et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050101904 | Wilk | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050101968 | Dadourian | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050107822 | Wasdyke | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050107871 | Realyvasquez et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050113902 | Geiser et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050113904 | Shank et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050113910 | Paniagua et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20050119688 | Bergheim | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050119728 | Sarac | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050119736 | Zilla et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050125075 | Meade et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050131438 | Cohn | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137499 | Sheets et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137609 | Guiraudon | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137681 | Shoemaker et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137682 | Justino | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137683 | Hezi-Yamit et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137686 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137687 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137688 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137689 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137690 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137691 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137692 | Haug et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137693 | Haug et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137694 | Haug et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137695 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137696 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137697 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137698 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137699 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137701 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050137702 | Haug et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050138689 | Aukerman | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050143804 | Haverkost | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050143807 | Pavcnik et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050143809 | Salahieh et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050148997 | Valley et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
| 20050149159 | Andreas et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
| 20050149166 | Schaeffer et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
| 20050149181 | Eberhardt | Jul 2005 | A1 |
| 20050150775 | Zhang et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
| 20050159726 | Evans et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
| 20050165352 | Henry et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
| 20050165477 | Anduiza et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
| 20050165479 | Drews et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
| 20050171597 | Boatman et al. | Aug 2005 | A1 |
| 20050171598 | Schaeffer | Aug 2005 | A1 |
| 20050177227 | Heim et al. | Aug 2005 | A1 |
| 20050182483 | Osborne et al. | Aug 2005 | A1 |
| 20050182486 | Gabbay | Aug 2005 | A1 |
| 20050186349 | Loper et al. | Aug 2005 | A1 |
| 20050187616 | Realyvasquez | Aug 2005 | A1 |
| 20050192527 | Gharib et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050192665 | Spenser et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050197694 | Pai et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050197695 | Stacchino et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050203549 | Realyvasquez | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050203605 | Dolan | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050203614 | Forster et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050203615 | Forster et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050203616 | Cribier | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050203617 | Forster et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050203618 | Sharkawy et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050203818 | Rotman et al. | Sep 2005 | A9 |
| 20050209580 | Freyman | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050214342 | Tweden et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
| 20050222664 | Parker | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050222668 | Schaeffer et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050222674 | Paine | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050228334 | Knudson et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050228472 | Case et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050228495 | Macoviak | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050228496 | Mensah et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050234546 | Nugent et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050240200 | Bergheim | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050240262 | White | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050240263 | Fogarty et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050251243 | Seppala et al. | Nov 2005 | A1 |
| 20050251250 | Verhoeven et al. | Nov 2005 | A1 |
| 20050251251 | Cribier | Nov 2005 | A1 |
| 20050251252 | Stobie | Nov 2005 | A1 |
| 20050256532 | Nayak et al. | Nov 2005 | A1 |
| 20050261759 | Lambrecht et al. | Nov 2005 | A1 |
| 20050267523 | Devellian et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20050267560 | Bates | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20050267567 | Shalev | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20050267573 | Macoviak et al. | Dec 2005 | A9 |
| 20050283231 | Haug et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20050283962 | Boudjemline | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20050288627 | Mogul | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20050288685 | Gulles et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20050288706 | Widomski et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20060004439 | Spenser et al. | Jan 2006 | A1 |
| 20060004442 | Spenser et al. | Jan 2006 | A1 |
| 20060004469 | Sokel | Jan 2006 | A1 |
| 20060009841 | McGuckin, Jr. et al. | Jan 2006 | A1 |
| 20060009842 | Huynh et al. | Jan 2006 | A1 |
| 20060015168 | Gunderson | Jan 2006 | A1 |
| 20060025855 | Lashinski et al. | Feb 2006 | A1 |
| 20060025857 | Bergheim et al. | Feb 2006 | A1 |
| 20060028766 | Khizroev | Feb 2006 | A1 |
| 20060041218 | Phelps et al. | Feb 2006 | A1 |
| 20060047338 | Jenson et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060047343 | Oviatt et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060052736 | Tweden et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060052867 | Revuelta et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060058775 | Stevens et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060058864 | Schaeffer et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060058871 | Zakay et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060058872 | Salahieh et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060064151 | Guterman et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060069424 | Acosta et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060074477 | Berthiaume et al. | Apr 2006 | A1 |
| 20060074484 | Huber | Apr 2006 | A1 |
| 20060074485 | Realyvasquez | Apr 2006 | A1 |
| 20060077447 | Sojian et al. | Apr 2006 | A1 |
| 20060085060 | Campbell | Apr 2006 | A1 |
| 20060089711 | Dolan | Apr 2006 | A1 |
| 20060100685 | Seguin et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
| 20060111770 | Pavcnik et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
| 20060116757 | Lashinski et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20060122692 | Gilad et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20060135961 | Rosenman | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20060135964 | Vesely | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20060136034 | Modesitt et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20060142846 | Pavcnik et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20060142848 | Gabbay | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20060149360 | Schwammenthal et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
| 20060155312 | Levine et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
| 20060155366 | LaDuca et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
| 20060161248 | Case et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
| 20060161249 | Realyvasquez et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
| 20060161265 | Levine et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
| 20060167474 | Bloom et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
| 20060167543 | Bailey et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
| 20060173524 | Salahieh et al. | Aug 2006 | A1 |
| 20060178740 | Stacchino et al. | Aug 2006 | A1 |
| 20060190070 | Dieck et al. | Aug 2006 | A1 |
| 20060193885 | Leonard Neethling et al. | Aug 2006 | A1 |
| 20060195134 | Crittenden | Aug 2006 | A1 |
| 20060195183 | Navia et al. | Aug 2006 | A1 |
| 20060195186 | Drews et al. | Aug 2006 | A1 |
| 20060206192 | Tower et al. | Sep 2006 | A1 |
| 20060206202 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Sep 2006 | A1 |
| 20060210597 | Hiles | Sep 2006 | A1 |
| 20060212110 | Osborne et al. | Sep 2006 | A1 |
| 20060212111 | Case et al. | Sep 2006 | A1 |
| 20060217802 | Ruiz et al. | Sep 2006 | A1 |
| 20060224183 | Freudenthal | Oct 2006 | A1 |
| 20060229561 | Huszar | Oct 2006 | A1 |
| 20060229718 | Marquez | Oct 2006 | A1 |
| 20060229719 | Marquez et al. | Oct 2006 | A1 |
| 20060241745 | Solem | Oct 2006 | A1 |
| 20060246584 | Covelli | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060247570 | Pokorney | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060247763 | Slater | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060253191 | Salahieh et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060259134 | Schwammenthal et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060259135 | Navia et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060259136 | Nguyen et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060259137 | Artof et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060265043 | Mandrusov et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060265056 | Nguyen et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060270958 | George | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060271149 | Berez et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060271161 | Meyer et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060271166 | Thill et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060271175 | Woolfson et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060276873 | Sato | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20060276874 | Wilson et al. | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20060276882 | Case et al. | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20060276887 | Brady et al. | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20060282161 | Huynh et al. | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20060287668 | Fawzi et al. | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20060287717 | Rowe et al. | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20060287719 | Rowe et al. | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20060290027 | O'Connor et al. | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20060293745 | Carpentier et al. | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20070005129 | Damm et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
| 20070005131 | Taylor | Jan 2007 | A1 |
| 20070005132 | Simionescu et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
| 20070010876 | Salahieh et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
| 20070010877 | Salahieh et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
| 20070010878 | Rafiee et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
| 20070010887 | Williams et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
| 20070016286 | Herrmann et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
| 20070016288 | Gurskis et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
| 20070020248 | Everaerts et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
| 20070021826 | Case et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
| 20070027518 | Case et al. | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070027520 | Sherburne | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070027533 | Douk | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070027535 | Purdy, Jr. et al. | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070032856 | Limon | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070032879 | Levine et al. | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070038291 | Case et al. | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070038295 | Case et al. | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070043420 | Lostetter | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070043424 | Pryor | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070043431 | Melsheimer | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070043435 | Seguin et al. | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20070050014 | Johnson | Mar 2007 | A1 |
| 20070051377 | Douk et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
| 20070055340 | Pryor | Mar 2007 | A1 |
| 20070056346 | Spenser et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
| 20070060998 | Butterwick et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
| 20070061002 | Paul, Jr. et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
| 20070061008 | Salahieh et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
| 20070073389 | Bolduc et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
| 20070073392 | Heyninck-Jantz et al. | Mar 2007 | A1 |
| 20070078504 | Mialhe | Apr 2007 | A1 |
| 20070078509 | Lotfy | Apr 2007 | A1 |
| 20070078510 | Ryan | Apr 2007 | A1 |
| 20070088431 | Bourang et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
| 20070093869 | Bloom et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
| 20070093887 | Case et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
| 20070100427 | Perouse | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070100435 | Case et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070100439 | Cangialosi et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070100440 | Figulla et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070100449 | O'Neil et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070112355 | Salahieh et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070112358 | Abbott et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070112415 | Bartlett | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070112422 | Dehdashtian | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070118214 | Salahieh et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070123700 | Ueda et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070123979 | Perier et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070135889 | Moore et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
| 20070142906 | Figulla et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
| 20070142907 | Moaddeb et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
| 20070155010 | Farnsworth et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
| 20070156233 | Kapadia et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
| 20070162102 | Ryan et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
| 20070162103 | Case et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
| 20070162107 | Haug et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
| 20070162113 | Sharkawy et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
| 20070173918 | Dreher et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
| 20070173932 | Cali et al. | Jul 2007 | A1 |
| 20070179592 | Schaeffer | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070179600 | Vardi | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070185513 | Woolfson et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070185565 | Schwammenthal et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070185571 | Kapadia et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070198078 | Berra et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070198097 | Zegdi | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070203391 | Bloom et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070203503 | Salahieh et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070203560 | Forster et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070203576 | Lee et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070208550 | Cao et al. | Sep 2007 | A1 |
| 20070213813 | Von Segesser et al. | Sep 2007 | A1 |
| 20070225681 | House | Sep 2007 | A1 |
| 20070225802 | Forsell | Sep 2007 | A1 |
| 20070232898 | Huynh et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070233222 | Roeder et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070233228 | Eberhardt et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070233237 | Krivoruchko | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070233238 | Huynh et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070238979 | Huynh et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070239254 | Chia | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070239265 | Birdsall | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070239266 | Birdsall | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070239269 | Dolan et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070239271 | Nguyen | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070239273 | Allen | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070244543 | Mitchell | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070244544 | Birdsall et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070244545 | Birdsall et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070244546 | Francis | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070244551 | Stobie | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070244552 | Salahieh et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070244553 | Rafiee et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070244554 | Rafiee et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070244555 | Rafiee et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070244556 | Rafiee et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070244557 | Rafiee et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070250151 | Pereira | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070250160 | Rafiee | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070255386 | Tenne | Nov 2007 | A1 |
| 20070255390 | Ducke et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
| 20070255394 | Ryan | Nov 2007 | A1 |
| 20070255396 | Douk et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
| 20070260301 | Chuter et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
| 20070260327 | Case et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
| 20070265701 | Gurskis et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
| 20070270751 | Stangenes et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
| 20070270943 | Solem et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
| 20070273813 | Yoshida et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
| 20070282436 | Pinchuk | Dec 2007 | A1 |
| 20070287717 | Fanning et al. | Dec 2007 | A1 |
| 20070288000 | Bonan | Dec 2007 | A1 |
| 20070288087 | Fearnot et al. | Dec 2007 | A1 |
| 20070288089 | Gurskis et al. | Dec 2007 | A1 |
| 20080004688 | Spenser et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
| 20080004696 | Vesely | Jan 2008 | A1 |
| 20080009934 | Schneider et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
| 20080009940 | Cribier | Jan 2008 | A1 |
| 20080015671 | Bonhoeffer | Jan 2008 | A1 |
| 20080021546 | Patz et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
| 20080021552 | Gabbay | Jan 2008 | A1 |
| 20080022504 | Melsheimer | Jan 2008 | A1 |
| 20080033534 | Cook et al. | Feb 2008 | A1 |
| 20080033541 | Gelbart et al. | Feb 2008 | A1 |
| 20080039925 | Ishimaru et al. | Feb 2008 | A1 |
| 20080039934 | Styrc | Feb 2008 | A1 |
| 20080045921 | Anderson et al. | Feb 2008 | A1 |
| 20080048656 | Tan et al. | Feb 2008 | A1 |
| 20080065001 | DiNucci et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080065011 | Marchand et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080065206 | Liddicoat | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080071361 | Tuval et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080071362 | Tuval et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080071363 | Tuval et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080071366 | Tuval et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080071368 | Tuval et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080071369 | Tuval et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080077227 | Ouellette et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080077234 | Styrc | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080077236 | Letac et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080082165 | Wilson et al. | Apr 2008 | A1 |
| 20080082166 | Styrc et al. | Apr 2008 | A1 |
| 20080086205 | Gordy et al. | Apr 2008 | A1 |
| 20080097586 | Pavcnik et al. | Apr 2008 | A1 |
| 20080102439 | Tian et al. | May 2008 | A1 |
| 20080109070 | Wagner et al. | May 2008 | A1 |
| 20080125859 | Salahieh et al. | May 2008 | A1 |
| 20080127707 | Kokish et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
| 20080133002 | Gelbart et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
| 20080133003 | Seguin et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
| 20080140188 | Rahdert et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
| 20080140189 | Nguyen et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
| 20080147105 | Wilson et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
| 20080147180 | Ghione et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
| 20080147181 | Ghione et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
| 20080147182 | Righini et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
| 20080154355 | Benichou et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
| 20080154356 | Obermiller et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
| 20080161909 | Kheradvar et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
| 20080161910 | Revuelta et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
| 20080161911 | Revuelta et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
| 20080172119 | Yamasaki et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
| 20080177381 | Navia et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
| 20080183273 | Mesana et al. | Jul 2008 | A1 |
| 20080188928 | Salahieh et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
| 20080195193 | Purdy et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
| 20080195199 | Kheradvar et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
| 20080200977 | Paul et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
| 20080208209 | Fischer et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
| 20080208327 | Rowe | Aug 2008 | A1 |
| 20080208328 | Antocci et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
| 20080208332 | Lamphere et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
| 20080215143 | Seguin | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080215144 | Ryan et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080221672 | Lamphere et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080221703 | Que et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080228254 | Ryan | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080228263 | Ryan | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080234443 | Kiss et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080234797 | Styrc | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080234814 | Salahieh et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080243246 | Ryan et al. | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080255651 | Dwork | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080255660 | Guyenot et al. | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080255661 | Straubinger et al. | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080262590 | Murray | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080262592 | Jordan et al. | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080262593 | Ryan et al. | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080262602 | Wilk et al. | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080264102 | Berra | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080269878 | Iobbi | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080275549 | Rowe | Nov 2008 | A1 |
| 20080275550 | Kheradvar et al. | Nov 2008 | A1 |
| 20080288054 | Pulnev et al. | Nov 2008 | A1 |
| 20090005863 | Goetz et al. | Jan 2009 | A1 |
| 20090012356 | Dann et al. | Jan 2009 | A1 |
| 20090012600 | Styrc et al. | Jan 2009 | A1 |
| 20090030512 | Thielen et al. | Jan 2009 | A1 |
| 20090048656 | Wen | Feb 2009 | A1 |
| 20090054968 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Feb 2009 | A1 |
| 20090054969 | Salahieh et al. | Feb 2009 | A1 |
| 20090054976 | Tuval et al. | Feb 2009 | A1 |
| 20090062908 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
| 20090069886 | Suri et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
| 20090069887 | Righini et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
| 20090069889 | Suri et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
| 20090069890 | Suri et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
| 20090076598 | Salahieh et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
| 20090082844 | Zacharias et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
| 20090082858 | Nugent et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
| 20090085900 | Weiner | Apr 2009 | A1 |
| 20090093876 | Nitzan et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
| 20090093877 | Keidar et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
| 20090099640 | Weng | Apr 2009 | A1 |
| 20090099641 | Wu et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
| 20090099643 | Hyodoh et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
| 20090099653 | Suri et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
| 20090112309 | Jaramillo et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
| 20090138079 | Tuval et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
| 20090157175 | Benichou | Jun 2009 | A1 |
| 20090163951 | Simmons et al. | Jun 2009 | A1 |
| 20090164004 | Cohn | Jun 2009 | A1 |
| 20090164006 | Seguin et al. | Jun 2009 | A1 |
| 20090171432 | Von Segesser et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
| 20090171447 | Von Segesser et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
| 20090171456 | Kveen et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
| 20090182405 | Arnault De La Menardiere et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
| 20090192585 | Bloom et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
| 20090192586 | Tabor et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
| 20090192591 | Ryan et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
| 20090192601 | Rafiee et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
| 20090198316 | Laske et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
| 20090198323 | Johnson et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
| 20090210052 | Forster et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
| 20090216310 | Straubinger et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
| 20090216312 | Straubinger et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
| 20090216313 | Straubinger et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
| 20090222076 | Figulla et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
| 20090222082 | Lock et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
| 20090234407 | Hastings et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
| 20090234443 | Ottma et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
| 20090240264 | Tuval et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
| 20090240320 | Tuval et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
| 20090248143 | Laham | Oct 2009 | A1 |
| 20090259306 | Rowe | Oct 2009 | A1 |
| 20090264759 | Byrd | Oct 2009 | A1 |
| 20090264997 | Salahieh et al. | Oct 2009 | A1 |
| 20090276040 | Rowe et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
| 20090281619 | Le et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
| 20090287290 | Macaulay et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
| 20090287296 | Manasse | Nov 2009 | A1 |
| 20090287299 | Tabor et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
| 20090299462 | Fawzi et al. | Dec 2009 | A1 |
| 20090319037 | Rowe et al. | Dec 2009 | A1 |
| 20100004739 | Vesely | Jan 2010 | A1 |
| 20100004740 | Seguin et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
| 20100011564 | Millwee et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
| 20100030328 | Seguin et al. | Feb 2010 | A1 |
| 20100036479 | Hill et al. | Feb 2010 | A1 |
| 20100036485 | Seguin | Feb 2010 | A1 |
| 20100049313 | Alon et al. | Feb 2010 | A1 |
| 20100057051 | Howat et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
| 20100057185 | Melsheimer et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
| 20100063573 | Hijlkema et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
| 20100069852 | Kelley | Mar 2010 | A1 |
| 20100069916 | Cully et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
| 20100070027 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
| 20100082089 | Quadri et al. | Apr 2010 | A1 |
| 20100082094 | Quadri et al. | Apr 2010 | A1 |
| 20100087913 | Rabkin et al. | Apr 2010 | A1 |
| 20100094399 | Dorn et al. | Apr 2010 | A1 |
| 20100094411 | Tuval et al. | Apr 2010 | A1 |
| 20100100167 | Bortlein et al. | Apr 2010 | A1 |
| 20100121434 | Paul et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
| 20100131054 | Tuval et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
| 20100131057 | Subramanian et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
| 20100137979 | Tuval et al. | Jun 2010 | A1 |
| 20100145439 | Seguin et al. | Jun 2010 | A1 |
| 20100152840 | Seguin et al. | Jun 2010 | A1 |
| 20100160725 | Kiser et al. | Jun 2010 | A1 |
| 20100161045 | Righini | Jun 2010 | A1 |
| 20100168839 | Braido et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
| 20100174362 | Straubinger et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
| 20100185275 | Richter et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
| 20100185277 | Braido et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
| 20100191320 | Straubinger et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
| 20100191326 | Alkhatib | Jul 2010 | A1 |
| 20100198346 | Keogh et al. | Aug 2010 | A1 |
| 20100210991 | Wilk et al. | Aug 2010 | A1 |
| 20100219092 | Salahieh et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100234932 | Arbefeuille et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100234940 | Dolan | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100239917 | Lee et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100249908 | Chau et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100249915 | Zhang | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100249916 | Zhang | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100249917 | Zhang | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100249918 | Zhang | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100256723 | Murray | Oct 2010 | A1 |
| 20100262231 | Tuval et al. | Oct 2010 | A1 |
| 20100268332 | Tuval et al. | Oct 2010 | A1 |
| 20100280459 | Werner | Nov 2010 | A1 |
| 20100280495 | Paul et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
| 20100286768 | Alkhatib | Nov 2010 | A1 |
| 20100292779 | Straubinger et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
| 20100292780 | Straubinger et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
| 20100292785 | Seguin et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
| 20100298931 | Quadri et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
| 20110004297 | Sogard et al. | Jan 2011 | A1 |
| 20110015616 | Straubinger et al. | Jan 2011 | A1 |
| 20110022157 | Essinger et al. | Jan 2011 | A1 |
| 20110029066 | Gilad et al. | Feb 2011 | A1 |
| 20110034852 | Hausler et al. | Feb 2011 | A1 |
| 20110040366 | Goetz et al. | Feb 2011 | A1 |
| 20110040374 | Goetz et al. | Feb 2011 | A1 |
| 20110071613 | Wood et al. | Mar 2011 | A1 |
| 20110093007 | Abbott et al. | Apr 2011 | A1 |
| 20110098805 | Dwork et al. | Apr 2011 | A1 |
| 20110106244 | Ferrari et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110118545 | Williams et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110137397 | Chau et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110166637 | Irwin et al. | Jul 2011 | A1 |
| 20110190862 | Bashiri et al. | Aug 2011 | A1 |
| 20110190874 | Celermajer et al. | Aug 2011 | A1 |
| 20110208290 | Straubinger et al. | Aug 2011 | A1 |
| 20110208297 | Tuval et al. | Aug 2011 | A1 |
| 20110224780 | Tabor et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
| 20110238159 | Guyenot et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
| 20110238167 | Dove et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
| 20110257729 | Spenser et al. | Oct 2011 | A1 |
| 20110257733 | Dwork | Oct 2011 | A1 |
| 20110257735 | Salahieh et al. | Oct 2011 | A1 |
| 20110264191 | Rothstein | Oct 2011 | A1 |
| 20110264196 | Savage et al. | Oct 2011 | A1 |
| 20110264203 | Dwork et al. | Oct 2011 | A1 |
| 20110276121 | Levine | Nov 2011 | A1 |
| 20110276129 | Salahieh et al. | Nov 2011 | A1 |
| 20110288626 | Straubinger et al. | Nov 2011 | A1 |
| 20110288634 | Tuval et al. | Nov 2011 | A1 |
| 20110295363 | Girard et al. | Dec 2011 | A1 |
| 20110319989 | Lane et al. | Dec 2011 | A1 |
| 20120016469 | Salahieh et al. | Jan 2012 | A1 |
| 20120016471 | Salahieh et al. | Jan 2012 | A1 |
| 20120022633 | Olson et al. | Jan 2012 | A1 |
| 20120022642 | Haug et al. | Jan 2012 | A1 |
| 20120029627 | Salahieh et al. | Feb 2012 | A1 |
| 20120035719 | Forster et al. | Feb 2012 | A1 |
| 20120035720 | Cali et al. | Feb 2012 | A1 |
| 20120041547 | Duffy et al. | Feb 2012 | A1 |
| 20120041549 | Salahieh et al. | Feb 2012 | A1 |
| 20120041550 | Salahieh et al. | Feb 2012 | A1 |
| 20120046740 | Paul et al. | Feb 2012 | A1 |
| 20120053683 | Salahieh et al. | Mar 2012 | A1 |
| 20120059447 | Zilla et al. | Mar 2012 | A1 |
| 20120065464 | Ellis et al. | Mar 2012 | A1 |
| 20120078347 | Braido et al. | Mar 2012 | A1 |
| 20120078357 | Conklin | Mar 2012 | A1 |
| 20120078360 | Rafiee | Mar 2012 | A1 |
| 20120089224 | Haug et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
| 20120100182 | Mooney et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
| 20120101571 | Thambar et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
| 20120101572 | Kovalsky et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
| 20120116496 | Chuter et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
| 20120123515 | Hosford et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
| 20120123529 | Levi et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
| 20120130468 | Khosravi et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
| 20120132547 | Salahieh et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
| 20120136430 | Sochman et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
| 20120143084 | Shoham | Jun 2012 | A1 |
| 20120165957 | Everland et al. | Jun 2012 | A1 |
| 20120172982 | Stacchino et al. | Jul 2012 | A1 |
| 20120179244 | Schankereli et al. | Jul 2012 | A1 |
| 20120185030 | Igaki et al. | Jul 2012 | A1 |
| 20120197379 | Laske et al. | Aug 2012 | A1 |
| 20120209374 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Aug 2012 | A1 |
| 20120209376 | Hauser et al. | Aug 2012 | A1 |
| 20120221100 | Huber | Aug 2012 | A1 |
| 20120226341 | Schreck et al. | Sep 2012 | A1 |
| 20120283715 | Mihalik et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
| 20120283823 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
| 20120303113 | Benichou et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
| 20120303116 | Gorman, III et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
| 20120305441 | Murray et al. | Dec 2012 | A1 |
| 20120310332 | Murray et al. | Dec 2012 | A1 |
| 20120316637 | Holm et al. | Dec 2012 | A1 |
| 20120330408 | Hillukka et al. | Dec 2012 | A1 |
| 20120330409 | Haug et al. | Dec 2012 | A1 |
| 20130013057 | Salahieh et al. | Jan 2013 | A1 |
| 20130018457 | Gregg et al. | Jan 2013 | A1 |
| 20130030519 | Tran et al. | Jan 2013 | A1 |
| 20130030520 | Lee et al. | Jan 2013 | A1 |
| 20130046373 | Cartledge et al. | Feb 2013 | A1 |
| 20130053949 | Pintor et al. | Feb 2013 | A1 |
| 20130066342 | Dell et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
| 20130066419 | Gregg | Mar 2013 | A1 |
| 20130071441 | Iwazawa et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
| 20130073037 | Gregg et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
| 20130079867 | Hoffman et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
| 20130079869 | Straubinger et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
| 20130089655 | Gregg | Apr 2013 | A1 |
| 20130090728 | Solem | Apr 2013 | A1 |
| 20130090729 | Gregg et al. | Apr 2013 | A1 |
| 20130096664 | Goetz et al. | Apr 2013 | A1 |
| 20130116778 | Gregg et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130118949 | Chang et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130123757 | Crisostomo et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130123795 | Gamarra et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130123796 | Sutton et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130123898 | Tung et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130138207 | Quadri et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130144203 | Wilk et al. | Jun 2013 | A1 |
| 20130144276 | Crisostomo et al. | Jun 2013 | A1 |
| 20130158653 | Gamarra et al. | Jun 2013 | A1 |
| 20130158655 | Sutton et al. | Jun 2013 | A1 |
| 20130158656 | Sutton et al. | Jun 2013 | A1 |
| 20130166017 | Cartledge et al. | Jun 2013 | A1 |
| 20130178930 | Straubinger et al. | Jul 2013 | A1 |
| 20130184813 | Quadri et al. | Jul 2013 | A1 |
| 20130190865 | Anderson | Jul 2013 | A1 |
| 20130204359 | Thubrikar et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
| 20130231735 | Deem et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
| 20130245752 | Goetz et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
| 20130253342 | Griswold et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
| 20130253635 | Straubinger et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
| 20130253640 | Meiri et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
| 20130268067 | Forster et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
| 20130274865 | Haverkost et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
| 20130274870 | Lombardi | Oct 2013 | A1 |
| 20130289698 | Wang et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
| 20130296999 | Burriesci et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
| 20130304199 | Sutton et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
| 20130310917 | Richter et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
| 20130310923 | Kheradvar et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
| 20130310928 | Morriss et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
| 20130325101 | Goetz et al. | Dec 2013 | A1 |
| 20130338755 | Goetz et al. | Dec 2013 | A1 |
| 20130345799 | Lafontaine | Dec 2013 | A1 |
| 20140012368 | Sugimoto et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
| 20140012370 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
| 20140018911 | Zhou et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
| 20140052239 | Kong et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
| 20140058501 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
| 20140083190 | Kaack et al. | Mar 2014 | A1 |
| 20140088680 | Costello et al. | Mar 2014 | A1 |
| 20140094904 | Salahieh et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
| 20140114390 | Tobis et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
| 20140114405 | Paul et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
| 20140114406 | Salahieh et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
| 20140114407 | Rajamannan | Apr 2014 | A1 |
| 20140121766 | Salahieh et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
| 20140128969 | Hill et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
| 20140135912 | Salahieh et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
| 20140207229 | Shoemaker et al. | Jul 2014 | A1 |
| 20140222142 | Kovalsky et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
| 20140236287 | Clague et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
| 20140243962 | Wilson et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
| 20140243963 | Sheps et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
| 20140243967 | Salahieh et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
| 20140249621 | Eidenschink | Sep 2014 | A1 |
| 20140257473 | Rajamannan | Sep 2014 | A1 |
| 20140277414 | Kheradvar | Sep 2014 | A1 |
| 20140296962 | Cartledge et al. | Oct 2014 | A1 |
| 20140309732 | Solem | Oct 2014 | A1 |
| 20140316518 | Kheradvar et al. | Oct 2014 | A1 |
| 20140343669 | Lane et al. | Nov 2014 | A1 |
| 20140364799 | Beauvais | Dec 2014 | A1 |
| 20140379068 | Thielen et al. | Dec 2014 | A1 |
| 20150012085 | Salahieh et al. | Jan 2015 | A1 |
| 20150032056 | Okamura | Jan 2015 | A1 |
| 20150032198 | Folk | Jan 2015 | A1 |
| 20150073540 | Salahieh et al. | Mar 2015 | A1 |
| 20150073541 | Salahieh et al. | Mar 2015 | A1 |
| 20150088252 | Jenson et al. | Mar 2015 | A1 |
| 20150094804 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Apr 2015 | A1 |
| 20150105857 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Apr 2015 | A1 |
| 20150127092 | Straubinger et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
| 20150127094 | Salahieh et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
| 20150142102 | Lafontaine et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
| 20150148894 | Damm et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
| 20150209142 | Paul et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
| 20150209146 | Hill et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
| 20150223933 | Haug et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
| 20150238315 | Rabito et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
| 20150245909 | Salahieh et al. | Sep 2015 | A1 |
| 20150272731 | Racchini | Oct 2015 | A1 |
| 20150320557 | Sutton et al. | Nov 2015 | A1 |
| 20150335423 | Gregg et al. | Nov 2015 | A1 |
| 20150352252 | Nakamura et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
| 20150359997 | Crisostomo et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
| 20160022418 | Salahieh et al. | Jan 2016 | A1 |
| 20160045306 | Agrawal et al. | Feb 2016 | A1 |
| 20160045307 | Yohanan et al. | Feb 2016 | A1 |
| 20160051362 | Cooper et al. | Feb 2016 | A1 |
| 20160067040 | Agrawal et al. | Mar 2016 | A1 |
| 20160120645 | Alon | May 2016 | A1 |
| 20160135951 | Salahieh et al. | May 2016 | A1 |
| 20160143731 | Backus et al. | May 2016 | A1 |
| 20160158003 | Wallace et al. | Jun 2016 | A1 |
| 20160166384 | Olson et al. | Jun 2016 | A1 |
| 20160199184 | Ma et al. | Jul 2016 | A1 |
| 20160206423 | O'Connor et al. | Jul 2016 | A1 |
| 20160213467 | Backus et al. | Jul 2016 | A1 |
| 20160220359 | Backus et al. | Aug 2016 | A1 |
| 20160220360 | Lin et al. | Aug 2016 | A1 |
| 20160220365 | Backus et al. | Aug 2016 | A1 |
| 20160250024 | Hill et al. | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160256271 | Backus et al. | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160262878 | Backus et al. | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160346107 | Matthison-Hansen et al. | Dec 2016 | A1 |
| 20160354203 | Tuval et al. | Dec 2016 | A1 |
| 20160374793 | Lafontaine et al. | Dec 2016 | A1 |
| 20160376063 | Salahieh et al. | Dec 2016 | A1 |
| 20170000609 | Gross et al. | Jan 2017 | A1 |
| 20170007400 | Sogard et al. | Jan 2017 | A1 |
| 20170027654 | Frimer et al. | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| 20170027693 | Paul et al. | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| 20170049563 | Straubinger et al. | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| 20170049568 | Straubinger et al. | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| 20170056172 | Salahieh et al. | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170065410 | Straubinger et al. | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170087343 | Assaf et al. | Mar 2017 | A1 |
| 20170095595 | Nakamura | Apr 2017 | A1 |
| 20170212723 | Atarot et al. | Jul 2017 | A1 |
| 20170265849 | Assaf et al. | Sep 2017 | A1 |
| 20170333230 | Folan et al. | Nov 2017 | A1 |
| 20170348013 | Mottola et al. | Dec 2017 | A1 |
| 20180325604 | Atarot et al. | Nov 2018 | A1 |
| 20180368976 | Bonhoeffer et al. | Dec 2018 | A1 |
| 20190328522 | Straubinger et al. | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| 20200054449 | Min et al. | Feb 2020 | A1 |
| 20210038313 | Sholev et al. | Feb 2021 | A1 |
| 20210322153 | Tuval et al. | Oct 2021 | A1 |
| 20220192765 | Brasset et al. | Jun 2022 | A1 |
| 20220304803 | Guyenot et al. | Sep 2022 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 757647 | Feb 2003 | AU |
| 776895 | Sep 2004 | AU |
| 777443 | Oct 2004 | AU |
| 778831 | Dec 2004 | AU |
| 2004231189 | Dec 2004 | AU |
| 2004242527 | Jan 2005 | AU |
| 2001281277 | Sep 2005 | AU |
| 2006308187 | May 2007 | AU |
| 2006310681 | May 2007 | AU |
| 2006328896 | Jun 2007 | AU |
| 2002329324 | Jul 2007 | AU |
| 2007294199 | Mar 2008 | AU |
| 2009200985 | Apr 2009 | AU |
| 2006328896 | Aug 2013 | AU |
| 2378589 | Feb 2001 | CA |
| 2381192 | Feb 2001 | CA |
| 2385662 | Mar 2001 | CA |
| 2407987 | Nov 2001 | CA |
| 2418958 | Feb 2002 | CA |
| 2435962 | Aug 2002 | CA |
| 2457755 | Feb 2003 | CA |
| 2436258 | Jan 2005 | CA |
| 2848485 | Jan 2005 | CA |
| 2848490 | Jan 2005 | CA |
| 2595233 | Jul 2006 | CA |
| 2627409 | May 2007 | CA |
| 2627555 | May 2007 | CA |
| 2627555 | May 2007 | CA |
| 2634358 | Jun 2007 | CA |
| 2657839 | Mar 2008 | CA |
| 2659690 | Mar 2008 | CA |
| 1338951 | Mar 2002 | CN |
| 1342443 | Apr 2002 | CN |
| 1745727 | Mar 2006 | CN |
| 2762776 | Mar 2006 | CN |
| 1897892 | Jan 2007 | CN |
| 2933337 | Aug 2007 | CN |
| 101011298 | Aug 2007 | CN |
| 101431963 | May 2009 | CN |
| 101605509 | Dec 2009 | CN |
| 101623217 | Jan 2010 | CN |
| 101700199 | May 2010 | CN |
| 101720211 | Jun 2010 | CN |
| 102271626 | Dec 2011 | CN |
| 102413793 | Apr 2012 | CN |
| 103118630 | May 2013 | CN |
| 2815756 | Oct 1979 | DE |
| 3640745 | Jun 1987 | DE |
| 3920657 | Jan 1991 | DE |
| 3640745 | Mar 1992 | DE |
| 4316971 | Nov 1994 | DE |
| 19532846 | Mar 1997 | DE |
| 19546692 | Jun 1997 | DE |
| 19633901 | Feb 1998 | DE |
| 20003874 | May 2000 | DE |
| 19857887 | Jul 2000 | DE |
| 19907646 | Aug 2000 | DE |
| 10010073 | Sep 2001 | DE |
| 10010074 | Oct 2001 | DE |
| 10034105 | Apr 2002 | DE |
| 10049812 | Apr 2002 | DE |
| 10049813 | Apr 2002 | DE |
| 10049814 | Apr 2002 | DE |
| 10049815 | Apr 2002 | DE |
| 10048814 | May 2002 | DE |
| 10121210 | Nov 2002 | DE |
| 19546692 | Nov 2002 | DE |
| 10301026 | Feb 2004 | DE |
| 10048814 | Apr 2004 | DE |
| 10049812 | Jun 2004 | DE |
| 10302447 | Jul 2004 | DE |
| 10335948 | Feb 2005 | DE |
| 10010074 | Apr 2005 | DE |
| 19857887 | May 2005 | DE |
| 10049815 | Oct 2005 | DE |
| 10010073 | Dec 2005 | DE |
| 102005003632 | Aug 2006 | DE |
| 10 2005 051 849 | May 2007 | DE |
| 102005051849 | May 2007 | DE |
| 102005052628 | May 2007 | DE |
| 202007005491 | Jun 2007 | DE |
| 20221871 | Sep 2008 | DE |
| 69937568 | Sep 2008 | DE |
| 0084395 | Jul 1983 | EP |
| 0103546 | Mar 1984 | EP |
| 0103546 | May 1988 | EP |
| 0144167 | Nov 1989 | EP |
| 0402036 | Dec 1990 | EP |
| 0402176 | Dec 1990 | EP |
| 0411118 | Feb 1991 | EP |
| 0458877 | Dec 1991 | EP |
| 0515324 | Nov 1992 | EP |
| 0547135 | Jun 1993 | EP |
| 0579523 | Jan 1994 | EP |
| 0402176 | Apr 1994 | EP |
| 0592410 | Apr 1994 | EP |
| 0597967 | May 1994 | EP |
| 0597967 | Dec 1994 | EP |
| 0458877 | May 1995 | EP |
| 0657147 | Jun 1995 | EP |
| 0592410 | Oct 1995 | EP |
| 0696447 | Feb 1996 | EP |
| 0402036 | Apr 1996 | EP |
| 0729364 | Sep 1996 | EP |
| 0732088 | Sep 1996 | EP |
| 0756498 | Feb 1997 | EP |
| 0409929 | Apr 1997 | EP |
| 0778775 | Jun 1997 | EP |
| 0786970 | Aug 1997 | EP |
| 0792624 | Sep 1997 | EP |
| 0797957 | Oct 1997 | EP |
| 0797958 | Oct 1997 | EP |
| 0799604 | Oct 1997 | EP |
| 0801928 | Oct 1997 | EP |
| 0815798 | Jan 1998 | EP |
| 0826346 | Mar 1998 | EP |
| 0829239 | Mar 1998 | EP |
| 0836834 | Apr 1998 | EP |
| 0850607 | Jul 1998 | EP |
| 0853921 | Jul 1998 | EP |
| 0858779 | Aug 1998 | EP |
| 0871414 | Oct 1998 | EP |
| 0876796 | Nov 1998 | EP |
| 0876803 | Nov 1998 | EP |
| 0778775 | Jan 1999 | EP |
| 0888142 | Jan 1999 | EP |
| 0888750 | Jan 1999 | EP |
| 0895752 | Feb 1999 | EP |
| 0896813 | Feb 1999 | EP |
| 0903122 | Mar 1999 | EP |
| 0876796 | May 1999 | EP |
| 0928615 | Jul 1999 | EP |
| 0657147 | Aug 1999 | EP |
| 0934728 | Aug 1999 | EP |
| 0938877 | Sep 1999 | EP |
| 0943302 | Sep 1999 | EP |
| 0597967 | Dec 1999 | EP |
| 0696447 | Jan 2000 | EP |
| 0971649 | Jan 2000 | EP |
| 0986348 | Mar 2000 | EP |
| 1000590 | May 2000 | EP |
| 1011523 | Jun 2000 | EP |
| 1020166 | Jul 2000 | EP |
| 1027870 | Aug 2000 | EP |
| 1041942 | Oct 2000 | EP |
| 1041943 | Oct 2000 | EP |
| 1051204 | Nov 2000 | EP |
| 1057459 | Dec 2000 | EP |
| 1057460 | Dec 2000 | EP |
| 1078610 | Feb 2001 | EP |
| 1088529 | Apr 2001 | EP |
| 1089676 | Apr 2001 | EP |
| 1093771 | Apr 2001 | EP |
| 1097676 | May 2001 | EP |
| 1112042 | Jul 2001 | EP |
| 1112097 | Jul 2001 | EP |
| 1117446 | Jul 2001 | EP |
| 1158937 | Dec 2001 | EP |
| 0547135 | Jan 2002 | EP |
| 0729364 | Jan 2002 | EP |
| 1164976 | Jan 2002 | EP |
| 1166721 | Jan 2002 | EP |
| 1171061 | Jan 2002 | EP |
| 1206179 | May 2002 | EP |
| 0756498 | Jul 2002 | EP |
| 1233731 | Aug 2002 | EP |
| 0986348 | Sep 2002 | EP |
| 1235537 | Sep 2002 | EP |
| 1248655 | Oct 2002 | EP |
| 1251804 | Oct 2002 | EP |
| 1251805 | Oct 2002 | EP |
| 1255510 | Nov 2002 | EP |
| 1257305 | Nov 2002 | EP |
| 1259193 | Nov 2002 | EP |
| 1259195 | Nov 2002 | EP |
| 0959815 | Dec 2002 | EP |
| 0971649 | Dec 2002 | EP |
| 1262201 | Dec 2002 | EP |
| 1264582 | Dec 2002 | EP |
| 1281357 | Feb 2003 | EP |
| 1281375 | Feb 2003 | EP |
| 0888142 | May 2003 | EP |
| 1112097 | Jun 2003 | EP |
| 1330213 | Jul 2003 | EP |
| 0937439 | Sep 2003 | EP |
| 1017868 | Sep 2003 | EP |
| 1340473 | Sep 2003 | EP |
| 1347785 | Oct 2003 | EP |
| 1354569 | Oct 2003 | EP |
| 1356793 | Oct 2003 | EP |
| 1281375 | Dec 2003 | EP |
| 1340473 | Feb 2004 | EP |
| 1041943 | Mar 2004 | EP |
| 1356793 | Mar 2004 | EP |
| 1395208 | Mar 2004 | EP |
| 1401359 | Mar 2004 | EP |
| 0871414 | Apr 2004 | EP |
| 1406561 | Apr 2004 | EP |
| 1408882 | Apr 2004 | EP |
| 1042045 | May 2004 | EP |
| 1414295 | May 2004 | EP |
| 0819013 | Jun 2004 | EP |
| 1430853 | Jun 2004 | EP |
| 1347785 | Jul 2004 | EP |
| 1435878 | Jul 2004 | EP |
| 1435879 | Jul 2004 | EP |
| 1439800 | Jul 2004 | EP |
| 1441672 | Aug 2004 | EP |
| 0954248 | Sep 2004 | EP |
| 1452153 | Sep 2004 | EP |
| 0987998 | Oct 2004 | EP |
| 1206179 | Oct 2004 | EP |
| 1469797 | Oct 2004 | EP |
| 1087727 | Nov 2004 | EP |
| 1115452 | Nov 2004 | EP |
| 1117446 | Nov 2004 | EP |
| 1472996 | Nov 2004 | EP |
| 1477202 | Nov 2004 | EP |
| 1107710 | Dec 2004 | EP |
| 1233731 | Dec 2004 | EP |
| 1484081 | Dec 2004 | EP |
| 1494616 | Jan 2005 | EP |
| 1499366 | Jan 2005 | EP |
| 1143879 | Mar 2005 | EP |
| 1516599 | Mar 2005 | EP |
| 1518518 | Mar 2005 | EP |
| 1229864 | Apr 2005 | EP |
| 1253875 | Apr 2005 | EP |
| 1519697 | Apr 2005 | EP |
| 1521414 | Apr 2005 | EP |
| 1522278 | Apr 2005 | EP |
| 1088529 | Jun 2005 | EP |
| 1093771 | Jun 2005 | EP |
| 1251803 | Jun 2005 | EP |
| 1430853 | Jun 2005 | EP |
| 1539047 | Jun 2005 | EP |
| 1547533 | Jun 2005 | EP |
| 1059894 | Jul 2005 | EP |
| 1551274 | Jul 2005 | EP |
| 1551336 | Jul 2005 | EP |
| 1000590 | Aug 2005 | EP |
| 1027013 | Aug 2005 | EP |
| 1078610 | Aug 2005 | EP |
| 1560542 | Aug 2005 | EP |
| 1562515 | Aug 2005 | EP |
| 1570809 | Sep 2005 | EP |
| 1576937 | Sep 2005 | EP |
| 0943302 | Oct 2005 | EP |
| 1267753 | Oct 2005 | EP |
| 1582178 | Oct 2005 | EP |
| 1582179 | Oct 2005 | EP |
| 1011523 | Nov 2005 | EP |
| 1067869 | Nov 2005 | EP |
| 1469797 | Nov 2005 | EP |
| 1589902 | Nov 2005 | EP |
| 1598031 | Nov 2005 | EP |
| 1600110 | Nov 2005 | EP |
| 1600121 | Nov 2005 | EP |
| 0786970 | Dec 2005 | EP |
| 1156757 | Dec 2005 | EP |
| 1603493 | Dec 2005 | EP |
| 1605871 | Dec 2005 | EP |
| 1021141 | Jan 2006 | EP |
| 1614400 | Jan 2006 | EP |
| 1616531 | Jan 2006 | EP |
| 1616536 | Jan 2006 | EP |
| 1041942 | Jun 2006 | EP |
| 1441672 | Jun 2006 | EP |
| 1663070 | Jun 2006 | EP |
| 1667614 | Jun 2006 | EP |
| 1494616 | Jul 2006 | EP |
| 1690515 | Aug 2006 | EP |
| 1702247 | Sep 2006 | EP |
| 1051204 | Dec 2006 | EP |
| 1734902 | Dec 2006 | EP |
| 1395208 | Jan 2007 | EP |
| 1251805 | Mar 2007 | EP |
| 1255510 | Apr 2007 | EP |
| 1499366 | Jul 2007 | EP |
| 1600121 | Jul 2007 | EP |
| 1835948 | Sep 2007 | EP |
| 1112042 | Nov 2007 | EP |
| 1251797 | Nov 2007 | EP |
| 1616531 | Dec 2007 | EP |
| 1863545 | Dec 2007 | EP |
| 1878407 | Jan 2008 | EP |
| 1886649 | Feb 2008 | EP |
| 1406561 | Mar 2008 | EP |
| 1893132 | Mar 2008 | EP |
| 1900343 | Mar 2008 | EP |
| 1901681 | Mar 2008 | EP |
| 1435878 | Apr 2008 | EP |
| 1886649 | Apr 2008 | EP |
| 1251804 | Jul 2008 | EP |
| 1605871 | Jul 2008 | EP |
| 1968491 | Sep 2008 | EP |
| 1259195 | Oct 2008 | EP |
| 1980220 | Oct 2008 | EP |
| 1994913 | Nov 2008 | EP |
| 1994913 | Dec 2008 | EP |
| 2000115 | Dec 2008 | EP |
| 1560542 | Jan 2009 | EP |
| 1408882 | Feb 2009 | EP |
| 1255510 | Mar 2009 | EP |
| 1330213 | Mar 2009 | EP |
| 2033593 | Mar 2009 | EP |
| 2047824 | Apr 2009 | EP |
| 2059192 | May 2009 | EP |
| 2074964 | Jul 2009 | EP |
| 1401359 | Aug 2009 | EP |
| 1968491 | Jul 2010 | EP |
| 1259193 | Nov 2010 | EP |
| 2257242 | Dec 2010 | EP |
| 2266503 | Dec 2010 | EP |
| 2266504 | Dec 2010 | EP |
| 1893132 | Mar 2011 | EP |
| 2266503 | Apr 2011 | EP |
| 2266504 | Apr 2011 | EP |
| 2059192 | Jul 2011 | EP |
| 1441672 | Sep 2011 | EP |
| 2364669 | Sep 2011 | EP |
| 2387977 | Nov 2011 | EP |
| 1603493 | Dec 2011 | EP |
| 1281375 | Feb 2012 | EP |
| 2364669 | Mar 2012 | EP |
| 2047824 | May 2012 | EP |
| 2474287 | Jul 2012 | EP |
| 2387977 | Nov 2013 | EP |
| 1551274 | Dec 2014 | EP |
| 2874812 | May 2015 | EP |
| 2749254 | Jun 2015 | EP |
| 1702247 | Aug 2015 | EP |
| 2926766 | Oct 2015 | EP |
| 1519697 | Nov 2015 | EP |
| 1863545 | Nov 2015 | EP |
| 1835948 | Feb 2016 | EP |
| 1734902 | Jun 2016 | EP |
| 3028668 | Jun 2016 | EP |
| 1539047 | Nov 2016 | EP |
| 1667614 | Dec 2016 | EP |
| 3181096 | Jun 2017 | EP |
| 1667614 | Apr 2020 | EP |
| 2788217 | Jul 2000 | FR |
| 2815844 | May 2002 | FR |
| 2828263 | Feb 2003 | FR |
| 2433700 | Jul 2007 | GB |
| 2440809 | Feb 2008 | GB |
| 52-86296 | Jul 1977 | JP |
| S5286296 | Jul 1977 | JP |
| S54137896 | Sep 1979 | JP |
| 62-227352 | Oct 1987 | JP |
| S62227352 | Oct 1987 | JP |
| 1049571 | Feb 1989 | JP |
| S6449571 | Feb 1989 | JP |
| H0447576 | Aug 1992 | JP |
| H04505866 | Oct 1992 | JP |
| H06505187 | Jun 1994 | JP |
| H06343703 | Dec 1994 | JP |
| 7-504091 | May 1995 | JP |
| H07504091 | May 1995 | JP |
| H07505803 | Jun 1995 | JP |
| H07265339 | Oct 1995 | JP |
| H0833715 | Feb 1996 | JP |
| H1049571 | Feb 1998 | JP |
| H10507673 | Jul 1998 | JP |
| 2001000460 | Jan 2001 | JP |
| 2001504016 | Mar 2001 | JP |
| 2001526574 | Dec 2001 | JP |
| 2002525168 | Aug 2002 | JP |
| 2002525169 | Aug 2002 | JP |
| 2002536115 | Oct 2002 | JP |
| 2003515386 | May 2003 | JP |
| 2003518984 | Jun 2003 | JP |
| 2003-523262 | Aug 2003 | JP |
| 2003-524504 | Aug 2003 | JP |
| 2003523262 | Aug 2003 | JP |
| 2003524504 | Aug 2003 | JP |
| 2004504111 | Feb 2004 | JP |
| 2004130068 | Apr 2004 | JP |
| 2004514467 | May 2004 | JP |
| 2004255186 | Sep 2004 | JP |
| 2004267750 | Sep 2004 | JP |
| 2004283461 | Oct 2004 | JP |
| 2005505343 | Feb 2005 | JP |
| 2005-118585 | May 2005 | JP |
| 2005118585 | May 2005 | JP |
| 2007516055 | Jun 2007 | JP |
| 2007521125 | Aug 2007 | JP |
| 2007-296375 | Nov 2007 | JP |
| 2007296375 | Nov 2007 | JP |
| 2007298375 | Nov 2007 | JP |
| 2007534381 | Nov 2007 | JP |
| 2007536003 | Dec 2007 | JP |
| 2008506497 | Mar 2008 | JP |
| 2008514345 | May 2008 | JP |
| 2008535572 | Sep 2008 | JP |
| 2008539305 | Nov 2008 | JP |
| 2008539985 | Nov 2008 | JP |
| 2008541865 | Nov 2008 | JP |
| 2009034529 | Feb 2009 | JP |
| 2009061293 | Mar 2009 | JP |
| 2009509635 | Mar 2009 | JP |
| 4246433 | Apr 2009 | JP |
| 2009520535 | May 2009 | JP |
| 2009131397 | Jun 2009 | JP |
| 4295460 | Jul 2009 | JP |
| 2009528905 | Aug 2009 | JP |
| 2009534157 | Sep 2009 | JP |
| 2010525896 | Jul 2010 | JP |
| 2010526609 | Aug 2010 | JP |
| 4636794 | Feb 2011 | JP |
| 2011509805 | Mar 2011 | JP |
| 4739223 | Aug 2011 | JP |
| 2012500665 | Jan 2012 | JP |
| 4904362 | Mar 2012 | JP |
| 4912395 | Apr 2012 | JP |
| 2012518446 | Aug 2012 | JP |
| 2013520260 | Jun 2013 | JP |
| 2013521884 | Jun 2013 | JP |
| 2013526388 | Jun 2013 | JP |
| 5341455 | Nov 2013 | JP |
| 2013540495 | Nov 2013 | JP |
| 6144009 | Jun 2017 | JP |
| 6449571 | Jan 2019 | JP |
| WO 9212690 | Aug 1982 | WO |
| WO-8402266 | Jun 1984 | WO |
| WO-9009102 | Aug 1990 | WO |
| WO-9009102 | Aug 1990 | WO |
| WO-9014804 | Dec 1990 | WO |
| WO-9117720 | Nov 1991 | WO |
| WO-9203990 | Mar 1992 | WO |
| WO-9212690 | Aug 1992 | WO |
| WO-9214419 | Sep 1992 | WO |
| WO-9217118 | Oct 1992 | WO |
| WO-9301768 | Feb 1993 | WO |
| WO-9315693 | Aug 1993 | WO |
| WO-9320757 | Oct 1993 | WO |
| WO-9504556 | Feb 1995 | WO |
| WO-9504556 | Apr 1995 | WO |
| WO-9511055 | Apr 1995 | WO |
| WO-9524873 | Sep 1995 | WO |
| WO-9524873 | Sep 1995 | WO |
| WO-9528183 | Oct 1995 | WO |
| WO-9528183 | Oct 1995 | WO |
| WO-9528899 | Nov 1995 | WO |
| WO-9529640 | Nov 1995 | WO |
| WO-9529713 | Nov 1995 | WO |
| WO-9613227 | May 1996 | WO |
| WO-9613227 | May 1996 | WO |
| WO-9614032 | May 1996 | WO |
| WO-9624306 | Aug 1996 | WO |
| WO-9630072 | Oct 1996 | WO |
| WO-9632972 | Oct 1996 | WO |
| WO-9635469 | Nov 1996 | WO |
| WO-9639962 | Dec 1996 | WO |
| WO-9639964 | Dec 1996 | WO |
| WO-9639965 | Dec 1996 | WO |
| WO-9640012 | Dec 1996 | WO |
| WO-9713463 | Apr 1997 | WO |
| WO-9713471 | Apr 1997 | WO |
| WO-9724082 | Jul 1997 | WO |
| WO-9727893 | Aug 1997 | WO |
| WO-9727897 | Aug 1997 | WO |
| WO-9727898 | Aug 1997 | WO |
| WO-9728839 | Aug 1997 | WO |
| WO-9732615 | Sep 1997 | WO |
| WO-9732551 | Sep 1997 | WO |
| WO-9732615 | Sep 1997 | WO |
| WO-9743961 | Nov 1997 | WO |
| WO-9748350 | Dec 1997 | WO |
| WO-9803118 | Jan 1998 | WO |
| WO-9806356 | Feb 1998 | WO |
| WO-9808456 | Mar 1998 | WO |
| WO-9810714 | Mar 1998 | WO |
| WO-9811846 | Mar 1998 | WO |
| WO-9814137 | Apr 1998 | WO |
| WO-9816161 | Apr 1998 | WO |
| WO-9819633 | May 1998 | WO |
| WO-9824373 | Jun 1998 | WO |
| WO-9825533 | Jun 1998 | WO |
| WO-9825549 | Jun 1998 | WO |
| WO-9829057 | Jul 1998 | WO |
| WO-9836790 | Aug 1998 | WO |
| WO-9838916 | Sep 1998 | WO |
| WO-9838925 | Sep 1998 | WO |
| WO-9838939 | Sep 1998 | WO |
| WO-9838941 | Sep 1998 | WO |
| WO-9839038 | Sep 1998 | WO |
| WO 9843556 | Oct 1998 | WO |
| WO-9846165 | Oct 1998 | WO |
| WO-9843556 | Oct 1998 | WO |
| WO-9844869 | Oct 1998 | WO |
| WO-9846115 | Oct 1998 | WO |
| WO-9846119 | Oct 1998 | WO |
| WO-9846165 | Oct 1998 | WO |
| WO-9849964 | Nov 1998 | WO |
| WO-9850103 | Nov 1998 | WO |
| WO-9853759 | Dec 1998 | WO |
| WO-9853761 | Dec 1998 | WO |
| WO-9855027 | Dec 1998 | WO |
| WO-9855047 | Dec 1998 | WO |
| WO-9857590 | Dec 1998 | WO |
| WO-9857591 | Dec 1998 | WO |
| WO-9857592 | Dec 1998 | WO |
| WO-9857599 | Dec 1998 | WO |
| WO-9907296 | Feb 1999 | WO |
| WO-9908624 | Feb 1999 | WO |
| WO-9915112 | Apr 1999 | WO |
| WO-9915220 | Apr 1999 | WO |
| WO-9917671 | Apr 1999 | WO |
| WO-9917683 | Apr 1999 | WO |
| WO-9921490 | May 1999 | WO |
| WO-9921510 | May 1999 | WO |
| WO-9922655 | May 1999 | WO |
| WO-9922656 | May 1999 | WO |
| WO-9922658 | May 1999 | WO |
| WO-9925273 | May 1999 | WO |
| WO-9927985 | Jun 1999 | WO |
| WO-9937337 | Jul 1999 | WO |
| WO-9933414 | Jul 1999 | WO |
| WO-9935977 | Jul 1999 | WO |
| WO-9935979 | Jul 1999 | WO |
| WO-9935980 | Jul 1999 | WO |
| WO-9936000 | Jul 1999 | WO |
| WO-9936001 | Jul 1999 | WO |
| WO-9937337 | Jul 1999 | WO |
| WO-9938459 | Aug 1999 | WO |
| WO-9940853 | Aug 1999 | WO |
| WO-9940868 | Aug 1999 | WO |
| WO-9940963 | Aug 1999 | WO |
| WO-9940964 | Aug 1999 | WO |
| WO-9942058 | Aug 1999 | WO |
| WO-9944524 | Sep 1999 | WO |
| WO-9944540 | Sep 1999 | WO |
| WO-9944542 | Sep 1999 | WO |
| WO-9947071 | Sep 1999 | WO |
| WO-9947075 | Sep 1999 | WO |
| WO-9948545 | Sep 1999 | WO |
| WO-9948549 | Sep 1999 | WO |
| WO-9949793 | Oct 1999 | WO |
| WO-9949910 | Oct 1999 | WO |
| WO-9951162 | Oct 1999 | WO |
| WO-9951165 | Oct 1999 | WO |
| WO-9953863 | Oct 1999 | WO |
| WO-9953987 | Oct 1999 | WO |
| WO-9955406 | Nov 1999 | WO |
| WO-9966863 | Dec 1999 | WO |
| WO-9960941 | Dec 1999 | WO |
| WO-9962430 | Dec 1999 | WO |
| WO-9966863 | Dec 1999 | WO |
| WO 0002503 | Jan 2000 | WO |
| WO-0002503 | Jan 2000 | WO |
| WO-0009059 | Feb 2000 | WO |
| WO-0009195 | Feb 2000 | WO |
| WO 0015148 | Mar 2000 | WO |
| WO-0010623 | Mar 2000 | WO |
| WO-0012029 | Mar 2000 | WO |
| WO-0013722 | Mar 2000 | WO |
| WO-0015146 | Mar 2000 | WO |
| WO-0015147 | Mar 2000 | WO |
| WO-0015148 | Mar 2000 | WO |
| WO-0015149 | Mar 2000 | WO |
| WO-0015275 | Mar 2000 | WO |
| WO-0016848 | Mar 2000 | WO |
| WO 0018330 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0018445 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0018302 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0018323 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0018325 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0018326 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0018330 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0018331 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0018333 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0018445 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0018462 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0021436 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0021461 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0021463 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO-0021464 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO 200025702 | May 2000 | WO |
| WO-0024449 | May 2000 | WO |
| WO-0025702 | May 2000 | WO |
| WO-0028922 | May 2000 | WO |
| WO-0028924 | May 2000 | WO |
| WO-0033725 | Jun 2000 | WO |
| WO-0035376 | Jun 2000 | WO |
| WO-0036997 | Jun 2000 | WO |
| WO-0041632 | Jul 2000 | WO |
| WO-0041633 | Jul 2000 | WO |
| WO-0041652 | Jul 2000 | WO |
| WO-0043051 | Jul 2000 | WO |
| WO-0044211 | Jul 2000 | WO |
| WO-0044308 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0044311 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0044313 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0044331 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0045711 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0045874 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0045886 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0047136 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0047139 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0048531 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0049952 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0049954 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0049956 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0049970 | Aug 2000 | WO |
| WO-0053125 | Sep 2000 | WO |
| WO-0053122 | Sep 2000 | WO |
| WO-0053125 | Sep 2000 | WO |
| WO-0054660 | Sep 2000 | WO |
| WO-0054661 | Sep 2000 | WO |
| WO-0056224 | Sep 2000 | WO |
| WO-0056225 | Sep 2000 | WO |
| WO-0056387 | Sep 2000 | WO |
| WO-0062714 | Oct 2000 | WO |
| WO-0060995 | Oct 2000 | WO |
| WO-0062714 | Oct 2000 | WO |
| WO-0066007 | Nov 2000 | WO |
| WO-0066009 | Nov 2000 | WO |
| WO-0066035 | Nov 2000 | WO |
| WO-0067661 | Nov 2000 | WO |
| WO-0069345 | Nov 2000 | WO |
| WO-0069367 | Nov 2000 | WO |
| WO-0069504 | Nov 2000 | WO |
| WO-0071195 | Nov 2000 | WO |
| WO-0078226 | Dec 2000 | WO |
| WO-0105331 | Jan 2001 | WO |
| WO-0106959 | Feb 2001 | WO |
| WO-0108566 | Feb 2001 | WO |
| WO-0108596 | Feb 2001 | WO |
| WO-0108602 | Feb 2001 | WO |
| WO-0110209 | Feb 2001 | WO |
| WO-0110320 | Feb 2001 | WO |
| WO-0110340 | Feb 2001 | WO |
| WO-0110341 | Feb 2001 | WO |
| WO-0110343 | Feb 2001 | WO |
| WO-0110347 | Feb 2001 | WO |
| WO-0110348 | Feb 2001 | WO |
| WO-0110349 | Feb 2001 | WO |
| WO-0110350 | Feb 2001 | WO |
| WO-0117440 | Mar 2001 | WO |
| WO-0117456 | Mar 2001 | WO |
| WO 200135870 | May 2001 | WO |
| WO-0135864 | May 2001 | WO |
| WO-0135870 | May 2001 | WO |
| WO-0136870 | May 2001 | WO |
| WO 2001039700 | Jun 2001 | WO |
| WO-0139700 | Jun 2001 | WO |
| WO-0141679 | Jun 2001 | WO |
| WO-0149185 | Jul 2001 | WO |
| WO-0149187 | Jul 2001 | WO |
| WO-0149213 | Jul 2001 | WO |
| WO-0151104 | Jul 2001 | WO |
| WO-0154625 | Aug 2001 | WO |
| WO-0158503 | Aug 2001 | WO |
| WO-0162189 | Aug 2001 | WO |
| WO-0047139 | Sep 2001 | WO |
| WO-0164137 | Sep 2001 | WO |
| WO-0176510 | Oct 2001 | WO |
| WO-0182837 | Nov 2001 | WO |
| WO-0197715 | Dec 2001 | WO |
| WO-0211647 | Feb 2002 | WO |
| WO-0219926 | Mar 2002 | WO |
| WO-0222054 | Mar 2002 | WO |
| WO-0224118 | Mar 2002 | WO |
| WO 200236048 | May 2002 | WO |
| WO-0236048 | May 2002 | WO |
| WO-0241789 | May 2002 | WO |
| WO-0243620 | Jun 2002 | WO |
| WO-0247575 | Jun 2002 | WO |
| WO-0249540 | Jun 2002 | WO |
| WO 2002051489 | Jul 2002 | WO |
| WO-02051489 | Jul 2002 | WO |
| WO-02056798 | Jul 2002 | WO |
| WO-02056955 | Jul 2002 | WO |
| WO-02058745 | Aug 2002 | WO |
| WO-02060509 | Aug 2002 | WO |
| WO-02067782 | Sep 2002 | WO |
| WO-02069842 | Sep 2002 | WO |
| WO-02076349 | Oct 2002 | WO |
| WO-02100297 | Dec 2002 | WO |
| WO-02100301 | Dec 2002 | WO |
| WO-02102286 | Dec 2002 | WO |
| WO 2003003949 | Jan 2003 | WO |
| WO-03003943 | Jan 2003 | WO |
| WO-03003949 | Jan 2003 | WO |
| WO-03007795 | Jan 2003 | WO |
| WO 03013239 | Feb 2003 | WO |
| WO 2003011195 | Feb 2003 | WO |
| WO-03009785 | Feb 2003 | WO |
| WO-03011195 | Feb 2003 | WO |
| WO-03013239 | Feb 2003 | WO |
| WO-03015851 | Feb 2003 | WO |
| WO-03028592 | Apr 2003 | WO |
| WO-03030776 | Apr 2003 | WO |
| WO-03032869 | Apr 2003 | WO |
| WO-03032870 | Apr 2003 | WO |
| WO-03037222 | May 2003 | WO |
| WO-03037227 | May 2003 | WO |
| WO-03047460 | Jun 2003 | WO |
| WO-03047468 | Jun 2003 | WO |
| WO-03047648 | Jun 2003 | WO |
| WO-03051231 | Jun 2003 | WO |
| WO-03063729 | Aug 2003 | WO |
| WO-03079928 | Oct 2003 | WO |
| WO-03079932 | Oct 2003 | WO |
| WO-03079933 | Oct 2003 | WO |
| WO-03088873 | Oct 2003 | WO |
| WO 2003096935 | Nov 2003 | WO |
| WO-03015851 | Nov 2003 | WO |
| WO-03063729 | Nov 2003 | WO |
| WO-03092554 | Nov 2003 | WO |
| WO-03094793 | Nov 2003 | WO |
| WO-03094797 | Nov 2003 | WO |
| WO-03096932 | Nov 2003 | WO |
| WO-03096935 | Nov 2003 | WO |
| WO-03101195 | Dec 2003 | WO |
| WO-03103949 | Dec 2003 | WO |
| WO-03003949 | Jan 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004004597 | Jan 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004006803 | Jan 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004006804 | Jan 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004014256 | Feb 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004016200 | Feb 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004016201 | Feb 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004019811 | Mar 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004019817 | Mar 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004019825 | Mar 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004021922 | Mar 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004023980 | Mar 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004019811 | Apr 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004026117 | Apr 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004026173 | Apr 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004028399 | Apr 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004030515 | Apr 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004041126 | May 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004043293 | May 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004043301 | May 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004047681 | Jun 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004058106 | Jul 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004062980 | Jul 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004058106 | Aug 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004064671 | Aug 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004066876 | Aug 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004071352 | Aug 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004082527 | Sep 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004082528 | Sep 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004082536 | Sep 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004089250 | Oct 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004089253 | Oct 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004093728 | Nov 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004096100 | Nov 2004 | WO |
| WO-2004105651 | Dec 2004 | WO |
| WO-2005002466 | Jan 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005004753 | Jan 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005007343 | Jan 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005009285 | Feb 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005011534 | Feb 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005011535 | Feb 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005021063 | Mar 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005023155 | Mar 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005027790 | Mar 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005027797 | Mar 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005032622 | Apr 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005034812 | Apr 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005010215 | May 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005046528 | May 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005046529 | May 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005048883 | Jun 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005062980 | Jul 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005063980 | Jul 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005065585 | Jul 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005065594 | Jul 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005070343 | Aug 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005072654 | Aug 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005076890 | Aug 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005084595 | Sep 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005087140 | Sep 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005096993 | Oct 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005102015 | Nov 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005110240 | Nov 2005 | WO |
| WO-2005112779 | Dec 2005 | WO |
| WO-2006005015 | Jan 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006009690 | Jan 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006026371 | Mar 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006027499 | Mar 2006 | WO |
| WO-2005062980 | May 2006 | WO |
| WO 2006066327 | Jun 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006058163 | Jun 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006065949 | Jun 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006066327 | Jun 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006068944 | Jun 2006 | WO |
| WO 2006076890 | Jul 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006070372 | Jul 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006076890 | Jul 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006083763 | Aug 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006086135 | Aug 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006086736 | Aug 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006089517 | Aug 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006093795 | Sep 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006102063 | Sep 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006108090 | Oct 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006118766 | Nov 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006124649 | Nov 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006127756 | Nov 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006127765 | Nov 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006129441 | Dec 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006132948 | Dec 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006133959 | Dec 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006138391 | Dec 2006 | WO |
| WO-2007009117 | Jan 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007009609 | Jan 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007013999 | Feb 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007033093 | Mar 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007035471 | Mar 2007 | WO |
| WO-2005102015 | Apr 2007 | WO |
| WO-2006138391 | Apr 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007044285 | Apr 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007047488 | Apr 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007047945 | Apr 2007 | WO |
| WO 2007059252 | May 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007048529 | May 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007051620 | May 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007053243 | May 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007058847 | May 2007 | WO |
| WO-2006086736 | Jun 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007071436 | Jun 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007092354 | Aug 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007097983 | Aug 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007098232 | Aug 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007053243 | Sep 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007120543 | Oct 2007 | WO |
| WO 2007123956 | Nov 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007071436 | Nov 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007123658 | Nov 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007123956 | Nov 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007033093 | Jan 2008 | WO |
| WO-2007071436 | Jan 2008 | WO |
| WO 2008031103 | Mar 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008028569 | Mar 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008035337 | Mar 2008 | WO |
| WO 2008045949 | Apr 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008040555 | Apr 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008045949 | Apr 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008047354 | Apr 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008051554 | May 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008070442 | Jun 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008070797 | Jun 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008079962 | Jul 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008098191 | Aug 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008100599 | Aug 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008101083 | Aug 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008125153 | Oct 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008137603 | Nov 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008138584 | Nov 2008 | WO |
| WO-2008150529 | Dec 2008 | WO |
| WO-2009002548 | Dec 2008 | WO |
| WO-2009024859 | Feb 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009029199 | Mar 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009042196 | Apr 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009045334 | Apr 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009045338 | Apr 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009053497 | Apr 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009054397 | Apr 2009 | WO |
| WO-2007044285 | May 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009061389 | May 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009085206 | Jul 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009091509 | Jul 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009094188 | Jul 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009094501 | Jul 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009100198 | Aug 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009106545 | Sep 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009108615 | Sep 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009111241 | Sep 2009 | WO |
| WO 2009155561 | Dec 2009 | WO |
| WO-2009149462 | Dec 2009 | WO |
| WO 2010022138 | Feb 2010 | WO |
| WO-2010042950 | Apr 2010 | WO |
| WO-2010043950 | Apr 2010 | WO |
| WO-2010044851 | Apr 2010 | WO |
| WO-2010045238 | Apr 2010 | WO |
| WO-2010045297 | Apr 2010 | WO |
| WO-2010049160 | May 2010 | WO |
| WO-2010083558 | Jul 2010 | WO |
| WO-2010086460 | Aug 2010 | WO |
| WO-2010098857 | Sep 2010 | WO |
| WO-2010104638 | Sep 2010 | WO |
| WO-2010045238 | Oct 2010 | WO |
| WO-2010141626 | Dec 2010 | WO |
| WO-2011008812 | Jan 2011 | WO |
| WO-2011008853 | Jan 2011 | WO |
| WO-2011035327 | Mar 2011 | WO |
| WO-2011051043 | May 2011 | WO |
| WO-2011057087 | May 2011 | WO |
| WO-2011060386 | May 2011 | WO |
| WO-2011102968 | Aug 2011 | WO |
| WO-2011104269 | Sep 2011 | WO |
| WO-2011120050 | Sep 2011 | WO |
| WO-2011133368 | Oct 2011 | WO |
| WO-2011144351 | Nov 2011 | WO |
| WO-2011147849 | Dec 2011 | WO |
| WO-2012002228 | Jan 2012 | WO |
| WO-2012023980 | Feb 2012 | WO |
| WO-2012036742 | Mar 2012 | WO |
| WO-2012038550 | Mar 2012 | WO |
| WO-2012039748 | Mar 2012 | WO |
| WO-2012082952 | Jun 2012 | WO |
| WO-2012106491 | Aug 2012 | WO |
| WO-2012116368 | Aug 2012 | WO |
| WO-2012142189 | Oct 2012 | WO |
| WO-2012145546 | Oct 2012 | WO |
| WO-2012162228 | Nov 2012 | WO |
| WO-2013009975 | Jan 2013 | WO |
| WO-2013028387 | Feb 2013 | WO |
| WO-2013033791 | Mar 2013 | WO |
| WO-2013074671 | May 2013 | WO |
| WO-2013096545 | Jun 2013 | WO |
| WO-2013134214 | Sep 2013 | WO |
| WO 2014056644 | Apr 2014 | WO |
| WO-2014072439 | May 2014 | WO |
| WO-2014072439 | Jul 2014 | WO |
| WO-2015028209 | Mar 2015 | WO |
| WO-2016093877 | Jun 2016 | WO |
| WO-2016126511 | Aug 2016 | WO |
| WO-2023156879 | Aug 2023 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| US 6,331,185 B1, 12/2001, Gambale et al. (withdrawn) |
| US 8,062,356 B2, 11/2011, Salahieh et al. (withdrawn) |
| US 8,062,357 B2, 11/2011, Salahieh et al. (withdrawn) |
| US 8,075,614 B2, 12/2011, Salahieh et al. (withdrawn) |
| US 8,133,271 B2, 03/2012, Salahieh et al. (withdrawn) |
| US 8,211,170 B2, 07/2012, Paul et al. (withdrawn) |
| English translation of Aortenklappenbioprothese erfolgreich in der Entwicklung (2 pages). |
| Screen shots from http://www.fraunhofer.de/presse/filme/2006/index.jsp, 2006 (2 pages). |
| Liang, Ma, et al., “Double-crowned valved stents for off-pump mitral valve replacement,” Eur. J. Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol. 28, pp. 194-198 (2005) (5 pages). |
| Huber, Christoph H., et al. “Direct Access Valve Replacement (DAVR)—are we entering a new era in cardiac surgery?” Eur. J. Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol. 29, pp. 380-385 (2006) (6 pages). |
| File history for German Patent DE 195 46 692 filed Dec. 14, 1995 and patented Jul. 11, 2002 (111 pages). |
| Klein, Allan L. et al., “Age-related Prevalence of Valvular Regurgitation in Normal Subjects: A Comprehensive Color Flow Examination of 118 Volunteers,” J. Am. Soc. Echocardiography, vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 54-63 (1990) (10 pages). |
| Gummert, J.F. et al., “Cardiac Surgery in Germany During 2007: A Report on Behalf of the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery,” Thorac. Cardiov. Surg., vol. 56, pp. 328-336 (2008) (9 pages). |
| Gummert, J.F. et al., “Cardiac Surgery in Germany During 2006: A Report on Behalf of the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery,” Thorac. Cardiov. Surg., vol. 55, pp. 343-350 (2007) (8 pages). |
| Ferrari, M.W. et al., “Transarterial Aortic Valve Replacement with a Self expanding Stent in Pigs,” Heart, vol. 90, No. 11, pp. 1326-1331 (2004). |
| Ferrari, “Entwicklung eines Verfahrens zum transvaskularen Aortenklappenersatz,” Habilitationsschrift, Medizinische Fakultät der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, pp. 49-52, dated Sep. 2003. |
| Ferrari, “Entwicklung eines Verfahrens zum transvaskularen Aortenklappenersatz,” Habilitationsschrift, Medizinische Fakultät der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, pp. 1-159, dated Sep. 2003. |
| German National Library, bibliographic information for Ferrari, M., “Entwicklung eines Verfahrens zum transvaskulären Aortenklappenersatz,” available at https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/U2RQV45RMES4YP6AHEPGN4QPJWAMGROI. |
| Ahmed S., et al., Silent left coronary artery-cameral fistula: probable cause of myocardial ischemia, American Heart Journal, The C.V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, MO., vol. 104, No. 4, Part 1, Oct. 1982, pp. 869-870. |
| Akins C.W., et al., “Risk of Reoperative Valve Replacement for Failed Mitral and Aortic Bioprostheses,” The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol. 65, Jun. 1998, pp. 1545-1552. Retreived from th Internet: URL: http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/contenUfull/65/6/1545. |
| Allen et al., “What are the characteristics of the ideal endovascular graft for abdominal aortic aneurysm exclusion?” J. Endovasc. Surg., vol. 4(2), May 1997, pp. 195-202. |
| Anabtawi I.N., et al., “Experimental evaluation of myocardial tunnelization as a method of myocardial revascularization,” Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The C.V. Mosby Company; St. Louis, MO., vol. 58, No. 5, Nov. 1969, pp. 638-646. |
| Andersen et al., “Transluminal catheter implantation of a new expandable artificial cardiac valve (the stent-valve) in the aorta and the beating heart of closed chest pigs, Abstract”, Eur. Heart J., 11 Suppl.: 224a, Jan. 1990. |
| Andersen et al., “Transluminal implantation of artificial heart valves, Description of a new expandable aortic valve and initial results with implantation by catheter technique in closed chest pigs,” Euro. Heart J., vol. 13, May 1992, pp. 704-708. |
| “Aortenklappenbioprothese erfolgreich in der Entwicklung,” May 16, 2003, 1 page. |
| Archie J.P., et al., “Intramyocardial Pressure: Effect of Preload on Transmural Distribution of Systolic Coronary Blood Flow,” The American Journal of Cardiology, vol. 35, USA, Jun. 1975, pp. 904-911. |
| Atwood et al., “Insertion of Heart Valves by Catheterization”, Project Supervised by Prof. S. Muftu of Northeastern University 2001-2002, May 30, 2002, pp. 36-40. |
| Atwood et al., “Insertion of Heart Valves by Catheterization”, The Capstone Design Course Report MIME 1501-1502, Technical Design Report Northeastern University, Nov. 5, 2007, pp. 1-93. |
| Baba H., et al., “Hemodynamic effects of venous valves in aorta-coronary bypass grafts,” The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, vol. 71 (5), May 1976, pp. 774-778. |
| Babaliaros et al., “State of the Art Percutaneous Intervention for the Treatment of Valvular Heart Disease: A Review of the Current Technologies and Ongoing Research in the Field of Percutaneous Heart Valve Replacement and Repair,” Cardiology 107, Feb. 2007, pp. 87-96. |
| Bailey., “Percutaneous Expandable Prosthetic Valves, Textbook of Interventional Cardiology”, 2d ed. Eric J. Topol, W.B. Saunders Co., vol. 2, pp. 1268-1276. (1994) (Month of publication not available). |
| Block et al., “Percutaneous Approaches to Valvular Heart Disease,” Current Cardiology Reports, vol. 7, Mar. 2005, pp. 108-113. |
| Blum et al., “Endoluminal Stent—Grafts for Intrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.” New Engl. J. Med., 336:13-20, Jan. 1997. |
| Bodnar et al., “Replacement Cardiac Valves R Chapter 13: Extinct Cardiac Valve Prostheses”, Pergamon Publishing Corporation, New York: 307-322 (1991). (Month of publication not available). |
| Bohning A., et al., “The Thebesian Vessels as a Source of Nourishment for the Myocardium,” American Journal of Physiology, American Physiological Society, U.S.A., vol. 106, Sep. 1933, pp. 183-200. |
| Bonhoeffer et al., “Percutaneous Insertion of the Pulmonary Valve,” J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., vol. 39, May 15, 2002, pp. 1664-1669. |
| Bonhoeffer et al., “Percutaneous Mitral Valve Dilatation with the Multi-Track System,” Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions—Official Journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiograhy & Interventions, United States (Oct. 1999), pp. 178-183. |
| Bonhoeffer et al., “Percutaneous replacement of pulmonary valve in a right ventricle to pulmonary-artery prosthetic conduit with valve dysfunction”, The Lancet, Oct. 21, 2000, vol. 356, pp. 1403-1405. |
| Bonhoeffer et al., “Transcatheter Implantation of a Bovine Valve in Pulmonary Position: A Lamb Study,” Circulation, vol. 102, Aug. 15, 2000, pp. 813-816. |
| Bonhoeffer P., et al., “Technique and Results of Percutaneous Mitral Valvuloplasty With the Multi-Track System,” Journal of Interventional Cadiology, vol. 13, No. 4, United States, Aug. 2000, pp. 263-268. |
| Boudjemline et al., “Percutaneous Implantation of a Biological Valve in Aoritc Position: Preliminary Results in a Sheep Study,” European Heart Journal 22: p. 630 (Sep. 2001). |
| Boudjemline et al., “Percutaneous Implantation of a Biological Valve in the Aorta to Treat Aortic Valve Insufficiency—A Sheep Study.” Med Sci. Monit., vol. 8, No. 4: BR113-116, Apr. 12, 2002. |
| Boudjemline et al., “Percutaneous Implantation of a Valve in the Descending Aorta in Lambs.” Euro. Heart J., Jul. 2002, 23, pp. 1045-1049. |
| Boudjemline et al., “Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Replacement in a Large Right Ventricular Outflow Tract: An Experimental Study.” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 43(6): 1082-1087, Mar. 17, 2004. |
| Boudjemline et al., “Percutaneous Valve Insertion: A New Approach?” J. of Thoracic and Cardio. Surg, 125(3): 741-743, Mar. 2003. |
| Boudjemline et al., “Stent Implantation Combined with a Valve Replacement to Treat Degenerated Right Ventricle to Pulmonary Artery Prosthetic Conduits,” European Heart Journal 22: 355 (Sep. 2001). |
| Boudjemline et al., “Steps Toward Percutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement.” Circulation, Feb. 12, 2002, vol. 105, pp. 775-778. |
| Boudjemline et al., “The Percutaneous Implantable Heart Valve,” Progress in Pediatric Cardiology: 89-93, Ireland, Nov. 2001. |
| Boudjemline Y., et al., “Images in Cardiovascular Medicine, Percutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement in Animals,” Circulation, vol. 109: e161, United States, Mar. 16, 2004, 1 page. |
| Boudjemline Y., et al., “Is Percutaneous Implantation of a Bovine Venous Valve in the Inferior Vena Cava a Reliable Technique to Treat Chronic Venous Insufficiency Syndrome?” Medical Science Monitor—International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, Poland, Mar. 2004, pp. BR61-BR66. |
| Boudjemline Y., et al., “Off-pump Replacement of the Pulmonary Valve in Large Right Ventricular Outflow Tracts: A Hybrid Approach,” Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, United States, vol. 129, No. 4, Apr. 2005, pp. 831-837. |
| Boudjemline Y., et al., “Percutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement: Will We Get There?” Heart, British Cardiac Society, England, Dec. 2001, pp. 705-706. |
| Boudjemline Y., et al., “Percutaneous Closure of a Paravalvular Mitral Regurgitation with Amplatzer and Coil Prostheses,” Archives des Maladies du Coeur Et Des Vaisseaux, vol. 95, No. 5, France, May 2002, pp. 483-486. |
| Boudjemline Y., et al., “Transcatheter Reconstruction of the Right Heart,” Cardiology in the Young, England, Jun. 2003, pp. 308-311. |
| Bruce C.J., et al., “Right-sided Valve Disease Deserves Little More Respect,” Circulation, vol. 119, No. 20, May 2009, pp. 2726-2734. |
| Totaro, et al., Carpentier-Edwards Perimount Magna bioprosthesis: A Stented valve with stentless performance?, Journal of Thoracis and Cardiovascular Surgery, 130(6):1668-1674 (Dec. 2005). |
| “Cell”, Dictionary.com, http://www.dictionary.com/browse/cell, accessed May 11, 2017, pp. 1-11. |
| Coats L., et al., “The Potential Impact of Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Stent Implantation on Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Re-Intervention,” European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol. 27, England, Apr. 2005, pp. 536-543. |
| Cohen H.A., et al., “Alternative Approaches to Coronary Revascularization,” Current International Cardiology Reports, Current Science, Inc., U.S.A., vol. 1, Jul. 1999, pp. 138-146. |
| Commeau P et al., “Percutaneous Balloon Dilatation of calcific aortic Valve Stenosis: Anatomical and Haemodynamic Evaluation,” British Heart Journal, vol. 59, Feb. 1988, pp. 227-238. |
| “Continuous”, Collins English Dictionary, accessed Mar. 18, 2014, pp. 1-3. |
| Couper., “Surgical Aspects of Prosthetic Valve Selection”, Overview of Cardiac Surgery for the Cardiologist, Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Jan. 1994, pp. 131-145. |
| Cribier et al., “Early Experience with Percutaneous Transcatheter Implantation of Heart Valve Prosthesis for the Treatment of End-Stage Inoperable Patients with Calcific Aortic Stenosis”, J. of Am. Coll. of Cardio, Feb. 18, 2004, 43(4), pp. 698-703. |
| Cribier et al., “Percutaneous Transcatheter Implantation of an Aortic Valve Prosthesis for Calcific Aortic Stenosis: First Human Case Description.” Circulation, Dec. 10, 2002, 106: 3006-3008. |
| Cribier et al., “Percutaneous Transcatheter Implantation of an Aortic Valve Prosthesis for Calcific Aortic Stenosis: First Human Case”, Percutaneous Valve Technologies, Inc., Apr. 16, 2002, 16 pages. |
| Cribier et al., “Percutaneous Transluminal Valvuloplasty of Acquired Aortic Stenosis in Elderly Patients: An Alternative to Valve Replacement?”, The Lancet, Jan. 11, 1986, pp. 63-67. |
| Cribier et al., “Trans-Cathether Implantation of Balloon-Expandable Prosthetic Heart Valves: Early Results in an Animal Model.” Circulation [suppl. II] 104(17)II-552 (Oct. 23, 2001). |
| Cunanan et al., “Tissue Characterization and Calcification Potential of Commercial Bioprosthetic Heart Valves.” Ann. Thorac. Surg., May 15, 2001, pp. S417-421. |
| Cunliffe et al., “Glutaraldehyde Inactivation of Exotic Animal Viruses in Swine Heart Tissue,” Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Greenport, New York, vol. 37, No. 5, May 1979, pp. 1044-1046. |
| Dake et al., “Transluminal Placement of Endovascular Stent-Grafts for the Treatment of Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms.” New Engl. J. of Med., vol. 331(26), Dec. 1994, pp. 1729-1734. |
| Dalby et al., “Non-Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement” Br. J. Cardiol., 10(6):450-452 (Nov. 2003). |
| Davidson et al., “Percutaneous therapies for valvular heart disease,” Cardiovascular Pathology Jan. 15, 2006, pp. 123-129. |
| Deac, R. et al., “New evolution in mitral physical and surgery: mitral stentless pericardial valve,” Ann Thorac Surg. 60(2 Suppl):S433-8 (Aug. 1995). |
| Dewey et al., “Transapical aortic valve implantation: An Animal Feasibility Study”, The annals of thoracic surgery, Feb. 2006, vol. 82, pp. 110-116. |
| Dhasmana et al., “Factors Associated With Periprosthetic Leakage Following Primary Mitral Valve Replacement: With Special Consideration of Suture Technique.” Annals of Thorac. Surg., (Feb. 1983), 35(2), pp. 170-178. |
| Diethrich, AAA Stent Grafts: Current Developments, J. Invasive Cardiol. 13(5) (May 2001). |
| Dolmatch et al., Stent Grafts: Current Clinical Practice (Oct. 2000)—EVT Endograft and Talent Endoprosthesis. |
| Dotter, “Transluminally-Placed Coilspring Endarterial Tube Grafts,” Investigative Radiology, Sep.-Oct. 1969, pp. 329-332. |
| Emery et al., “Replacement of the Aortic Valve in Patients Under 50 Years of Age: Long-Term Follow-Up of the St. Jude Medical Prosthesis.” Ann. Thorac. Surg., Jun. 2003, 75:1815-1819. |
| EP Search Report dated Aug. 10, 2011 for EP Application No. 06824992.9. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 12179049.7 (1257), dated Oct. 30, 2012, 4 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 12179075.2 (1257), dated Oct. 29, 2012, 3 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 12179141.2 (1257), dated Nov. 2, 2012, 3 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 12179146.1 (1257), dated Nov. 7, 2012, 8 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 12179330.1 (1257), dated Nov. 22, 2012, 3 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 12179338.4 (1257), dated Nov. 2, 2012, 3 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 12179339.2 (1257), dated Oct. 29, 2012, 4 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 12179914.2 (1257), dated Nov. 7, 2012, 6 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 13150337.7 (1257), dated Jul. 9, 2013, 3 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 13183134.9 (1651), dated Nov. 19, 2013, 3 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 14159630.4 (1651), dated May 22, 2014, 3 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 14161991.6 (1651), dated Jun. 3, 2014, 3 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 15167832.3 (1651), dated Jul. 23, 2015, 3 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 15167847.1 (1651), dated Jul. 23, 2015, 3 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 17196833.2, dated Mar. 6, 2018, 4 pages. |
| European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 18164490.7, dated Sep. 17, 2018 5 pages. |
| European Search Report from EP Patent Office for EP Application No. 15177718.2, dated Jan. 18, 2016, 4 pages. |
| European Search Report from EP Patent Office for EP Application No. 15177731.5, dated Apr. 14, 2016, 4 pages. |
| European Search Report from EP Patent Office for EP Application No. 16151726.3, dated Feb. 25, 2016, 4 pages. |
| Expert report of Dr. Nigel Buller, non-confidential annex-infringement, dated Jan. 12, 2009, Edwards' United Kingdom action for invalidity, Claim No. HC08CO0934, 83 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report dated Apr. 11, 2008 in EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 081630410, 5 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 10183946.2.4-2320 dated Feb. 14, 2012, 7 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report dated Aug. 9, 2018 in EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 18158901.1 (1113). |
| Extended European Search Report dated Jun. 12, 2018 in EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 17209326.2 (1113). |
| Extended European Search Report dated May 16, 2012 in EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 11178135.7 (1257). |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 11178076.3-1257 dated Feb. 29, 2012, 5 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report from EP Patent Office for EP Application No. 17162616.1, dated Jul. 27, 2017, 7 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report dated Apr. 9, 2014 in EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 14164683.6. |
| Extended European Search Report dated May 9, 2013 in EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 130178309.4,4 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report dated Aug. 19, 2011 in EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 07827132.7. |
| Extended European Search Report dated Feb. 27, 2017 in EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 16186773,6 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report dated Sep. 29, 2014 in EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 14164680, 5 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 07116242.4-2310 dated Mar. 31, 2008, 10 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 09154935.2, dated May 29, 2009, 7 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 10012198dated Mar. 23, 2011, 7 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 10168525.3-1257 dated Feb. 3, 2011, 13 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 11153142.2-1257 dated Aug. 3, 2011, 10 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 11165093.3-1257 dated Aug. 30, 2011, 6 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 11178073.0-1257 dated Oct. 14, 2011, 5 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 11178145.6-1257 dated Feb. 29, 2012, 5 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 13188858.8-1651 dated Jan. 13, 2014, 6 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 19195062 dated Jan. 2, 2020, 7 pages. |
| ExtendedEuropean Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 06827630.2 dated Jun. 7, 2010, 5 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 07110318.8, dated May 29, 2008, 10 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 10163478.0, dated Mar. 22, 2011, 9 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 10184842.2, dated Mar. 23, 2011, 7 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 11162971.3, dated Jun. 30, 2011, 5 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 13163918.9, dated Jul. 24, 2013, 8 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 14179639.1, dated Mar. 9, 2015, 7 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 16201320.5, dated May 19, 2017, 6 pages. |
| Extended European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 18200191.7, dated May 6, 2019, 8 pages. |
| Fawzi et al., U.S. Appl. No. 11/155,309, entitled “Apparatus and methods for intravascular embolic protection”, filed Jun. 16, 2005, 51 pages. |
| Ferrari, “Entwicklung eines Verfahrens zum transvaskularen Aortenklappenersatz,” Habilitationsschrift, Medizinische Fakultat der Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena, Sep. 2003, pp. 1-159. |
| Ferrari, “Entwicklung eines Verfahrens zum transvaskularen Aortenklappenersatz,” Habilitationsschrift, Medizinische Fakultät der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Sep. 2003, pp. 49-52. |
| Ferrari et al., “Percutaneous Transvascular Aortic Valve Replacement with Self-Expanding Stent-Valve Device.” Poster from the presentation given at SMIT 2000, 12th International Conference, Sep. 5, 2000. |
| Ferrari M.W., “Transarterial Aortic Valve Replacement with a Self Expanding Stent in Pigs,” Heart, vol. 90, No. 11, doi:10.1136/hrt.2003.028951, ISSN 1355-6037, XP055137208, Nov. 2004, pp. 1326-1331. |
| Filsoufi F., et al., “Long-term Outcomes of Tricuspid Valve Replacement in the Current Era,” Ann. Thorac. Surg., vol. 80, No. 3, Sep. 2005, pp. 845-850. |
| Fluency Vascular Stent Graft Instructions for Use, May 2014, 20 pages. |
| Galioto F.M., et al., “Right coronary artery to left ventricle fistula: A case report and discussion,” American Heart Journal, The C.V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, MO., vol. 82, No. 1, Jul. 1971, pp. 93-97. |
| Gardner R.J., et al., “An Experimental Anatomic Study of Indirect Myocardial Revascularization,” Journal of Surgical Research, Academic Press, U.S.A., vol. 11, May 1971, pp. 243-247. |
| German National Library, “Entwicklung eines Verfahrens zum transvaskulären Aortenklappenersatz,” bibliographic information for Ferrari M., Sep. 2004, Retreived from the Internet: URL: https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/U2RQV45RMES4YP6AHEPGN4QPJWAMGROI, 3 pages. |
| Goldman A., et al., Experimental Methods for Producing a Collateral Circulation to the Heart Directly from the Left Ventricle, Journal of Thoracic Surgery, U.S.A., vol. 31, No. 3, Mar. 1956, pp. 364-374. |
| Gore Excluder Instructions for Use (2002). (Month of publication not available). |
| Greeenberg, “Abdominal Aortic Endografting: Fixation and Sealing.” J. Am. Coll. Surg., Jan. 2002, 194:1:S79-S87. |
| Grossi A.E. et al., “Impact of Minimally Invasive Valvular Heart Surgery: A Case-Control Study”, Ann. Thorac. Surg., Mar. 2001, vol. 71, pp. 807-810. |
| Gummert J.F. et al., Cardiac Surgery in Germany During 2006: A Report on Behalf of the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Thorac. Cardiov. Surg., vol. 55, Jun. 24, 2007, pp. 343-350. |
| Gummert J.F. et al., “Cardiac Surgery in Germany During 2007: A Report on Behalf of the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery,” Thorac. Cardiov. Surg., vol. 56, Sep. 2008, pp. 328-336. |
| Hanzel et al., “Complications of percutaneous aortic valve replacement: experience with the Criber-Edwards.TM. Percutaneous heart valve,” EuroIntervention Supplements I (Supplement A):A3-A8, May 19, 2006. |
| Haug et al., U.S. Appl. No. 12/028,452 entitled “Methods and apparatus for endovascularly replacing a patient's heart valve,” filed Feb. 8, 2008, 48 pages. |
| Haug et al., U.S. Appl. No. 12/492,512 entitled “Everting Heart Valve,” filed Jun. 26, 2009, 92 pages. |
| “Heart Valve Materials—Bovine (cow)”, Equine & Porcine Pericardium, Maverick Biosciences Pty Ltd, http://maverickbio.com/biological-medical-device-materials/, Accessed Jan. 7, 2011. |
| “Heart Valve Materials—Bovine (cow)”, Equine & Porcine Pericardium, Maverick Biosciences Pvt. Lt., http://maverickbio.com/biological-medical-device-materials.php?html, 2009. (Month of publication not available). |
| Heinrich R.S., et al., “Experimental analysis of fluid mechanical energy losses in aortic valve stenosis: importance of pressure recovery”, Ann Biomed Eng., Nov.-Dec. 1996, vol. 24(6), pp. 685-694. |
| Heinrich RS et al., “Valve orifice area alone is an insufficient index of aortic stenosis severity: effects of the proximal and distal geometry on transaortic energy loss”, J Heart Valve Dis., Sep. 1999, 8(5): 509-15. |
| Helmus, “Mechanical and Bioprosthetic Heart Valves in Biomaterials for Artificial Organs.” Woodhead Publishing Limited: 114-162 (2011). (Month of publication not available). |
| Hijazi et al., “Transcatheter Valve Repair”, Taylor & Francis, Jan. 2006, pp. 165-186. |
| Hijazi Z.M., “Transcatheter Valve Replacement: A New Era of Percutaneous Cardiac Intervention Begins”, J. of Am. College of Cardio., Nov. 6, 2004, vol. 43, No. 6, pp. 1088-1089. |
| Hourihan M., et al., “Transcatheter Umbrella Closure of Valvular and Paravalvular Leaks”, JACC, Boston, Massachusetts, Nov. 15, 1992, vol. 20, No. 6, pp. 1371-1377. |
| Huber C.H., et al., “Direct Access Valve Replacement (DAVR)—are we entering a new era in cardiac surgery?” European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, vol. 29, Jan. 19, 2006, pp. 380-385. |
| Huber H.C., et al., “Direct-Access Valve Replacement: A Novel Approach for Off-Pump Valve Implantation Using Valved Stents”, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 46, No. 2, Jul. 19, 2005, pp. 366-370. |
| Huber H.C., et al., “Do Valved Stents Compromise Coronary Flow?”, European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Jan. 23, 2004, vol. 25; pp. 754-759. |
| Ing F., “Stents: What's Available to the Pediatric Interventional Cardiologist?” Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions, Jun. 2002, 57; pp. 374-386. |
| International Search Report dated Dec. 29, 2003 in Intl PCT Patent Appl. U.S. Appl. No. PCT/DE2003/002669. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/EP2009/052230 dated Jun. 29, 2009, 12 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/EP2010/052429 dated Jun. 14, 2010, 12 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/EP2011/002524 dated Apr. 23, 2012, 15 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/EP2011/052674 dated Jul. 5, 2011, 12 pages. |
| International Search Report for PCT Application No. PCT/US1999/020736dated Jan. 28, 2000, 3 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/EP2009/050762 dated Jun. 23, 2009, 12 pages. |
| International Search Report & Written Opinionmailed Jul. 18, 2016 for PCT Patent Appl No. PCT/EP2016/059839, 10 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for Appl. No. PCT/EP2016/055783, mailed on May 30, 2016, 15 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for Application No. PCT/EP2013/057431 dated Jul. 26, 2013, 9 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for Application No. PCT/IB2018/050438 mailed Apr. 12, 2018, 11 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for International Application No. PCT/EP2010/063306, dated Nov. 17, 2010, 9 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/EP2006/010519 dated Mar. 1, 2007, 13 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/US06/36286 dated Jul. 9, 2007, 4 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/US2004/041513 dated Jun. 10, 2005, 4 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/US2004/043607 dated Mar. 20, 2006, 4 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/US2005/020947 dated Oct. 6, 2005, 5 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/US2006/038352 dated May 19, 2008, 4 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/US2006/043484 dated Jun. 25, 2008, 4 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/US2007/003992 dated Jan. 10, 2008, 5 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/US2007/02970 dated Oct. 19, 2007, 7 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT Application No. PCT/US2009/060531 dated May 13, 2010, 6 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/DE2006/000056 dated Jun. 7, 2006, 11 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/EP2007/061117 dated May 20, 2008, 16 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/EP2008/003803 dated Aug. 20, 2008, 10 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/EP2009/055958 dated Oct. 21, 2009, 8 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/EP2010/056558 dated Oct. 7, 2010, 14 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/EP2012/067617 dated Dec. 19, 2012, 10 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/IL2007/001149 dated May 1, 2008, 4 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/US2011/027730 dated May 25, 2011, 9 pages. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion of the International Search Authority for International Application No. PCT/EP2008/064558, date of completion of report is Mar. 18, 2009, 14 pages. |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/DE2001/000837, dated Aug. 7, 2001, 4 pages. |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/EP2006/012455, mailed Sep. 27, 2007, 5 pages. |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/EP2010/057798, dated Sep. 12, 2010, 6 pages. |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/EP2011/058506, mailed Nov. 3, 2011, 4 pages. |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/EP2011/066677, dated Feb. 17, 2012, 7 pages. |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/EP2012/067617 mailed Dec. 19, 2012, 3 pages. |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/EP2012/067714 dated Dec. 18, 2012, 3 pages. |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/EP2013/073318, dated Apr. 17, 2014, 5 pages. |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/EP2014/065817, mailed Jan. 7, 2015, 6 pages. |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/EP2016/055783, mailed on May 30, 2016, 5 pages. |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/EP2016/058532, dated Jul. 11, 2016, 4 pages. |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/IB2008/002180, dated Apr. 15, 2009, 7 pages. |
| International Search Report for Application No. PCT/US83/01932 corresponding to WO 84/02266. |
| International Search Report for PCT/DE2001/000836 dated Jun. 13, 2001, 6 pages. |
| International Search Report for PCT/EP2006/010023 dated Mar. 30, 2007, 6 pages. |
| International Search Report for PCT/EP2007/007413, mailed Jan. 28, 2008, 4 pages. |
| International Search Report for PCT/IB2017/052718, dated Sep. 5, 2017, 4 pages. |
| Kaiser, et al., “Surgery for Left Ventricle Outflow Obstruction: Aortic Valve Replacement and Myomectomy,” Overview of Cardiac Surgery for the Cardiologist, Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Jan. 1994, pp. 40-45. |
| Kato et al., “Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm: Treatment with Endovascular Stent-Grafts.” Radiol., Dec. 1997, 205: 657-662. |
| Khambadkone, et al., “Percutaneous Implantation of Pulmonary Valves,” Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy (England), Nov. 2003, pp. 541-548. |
| Khambadkone, et al., “Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Implantation: Early and Medium Term Results,” Circulation 108 (17 Supplement), Oct. 28, 2003, p. IV-375. |
| Khambadkone, “Nonsurgical Pulmonary Valve Replacement: Why, When, and How?” Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions—Official Journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions (United States), Jul. 2004, pp. 401-408. |
| Khonsari et al., “Cardiac Surgery: Safeguards and Pitfalls in Operative Technique.” 3d ed., 45-74 (Jul. 2003). |
| Klein A.L., et al., “Age-related Prevalence of Valvular Regurgitation in Normal Subjects: A Comprehensive Color Flow Examination of 118 Volunteers,” Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography, vol. 3, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 1990, pp. 54-63. |
| Knudsen et al., “Catheter-implanted prosthetic heart valves”, Intl J. of Art. Organs, 16(5): 253-262, May 1993. |
| Kort et al., “Minimally Invasive Aortic Valve Replacement: Echocardiographic and Clinical Results.” Am. Heart J., Sep. 2001, vol. 142(3), pp. 476-481. |
| Kuzela L., et al., “Experimental evaluation of direct transventricular revascularization,” Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The C.V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, MO., vol. 57, No. 6, Jun. 1969, pp. 770-773. |
| Laborde et al., “Percutaneous Implantation of the Corevalve Aortic Valve Prosthesis for Patients Presenting High Risk for Surgical Valve Replacement.” EuroIntervention: 472-474, Feb. 2006. |
| Lary B.G., et al., “A method for creating a coronary-myocardial artery,” Surgery, The C.V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, MO., vol. 59, No. 6, Jun. 1966, pp. 1061-1064. |
| Lary BG., et al., “Myocardial Revascularization Experiments Using the Epicardium,” Archives of Surgery, American Medical Association, U.S.A., vol. 98, Jan. 1969, pp. 69-72. |
| Lawrence et al., “Percutaneous Endovascular Graft: Experimental Evaluation”, Radiology, May 1987, vol. 163(2), pp. 357-360. |
| Lee G., et al., “Effects of laser Irradiation delivered by flexible fiberoptic system on the left ventricular internal myocardium,” American Heart Journal, The C.V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, MO., vol. 106, No. 3; Sep. 1983, pp. 587-590. |
| Levi et al., “Future of Interventional Cardiology in Pediactrics.” Current Opinion in Cardiol., Mar. 2003, vol. 18, pp. 79-90. |
| Levinsky L., et al., “The Revival of the Horseshoe Graft (Side-to-Side Saphenous-Vein-to-Aorta Anastomosis),” The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon, Georg Thieme Publishers, Stuttgart, Germany, vol. 27, No. 5, Oct. 1979, pp. 322-324. |
| Levy, “Mycobacterium chelonei Infection of Porcine Heart Valves.” The New England Journal of Medicine, Washington DC, 297(12), Sep. 22, 1977, pp. 667-668. |
| Lichtenstein et al., “Transapical Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Humans: Initial Clinical Experience”, circulation, American Heart Association vol. 114, Jul. 31, 2006, pp. 591-596. |
| Lichtenstein, S.V., “Closed heart surgery: Back to the future” The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, vol. 131(5), May 2006, pp. 941-943. |
| Liu et al., “Effect of Fiber Orientation on the Stress Distribution within a Leaflet of a Polymer Composite Heart Valve in be Closed Position”, Journal of Biomechanics, Jan. 2007, vol. 4, pp. 1099-1106. |
| Lonescu et al., “Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Incidental Paraprosthetic Valvar Regurgitation: A prospective study using transesophageal echocardiography.” Heart, Oct. 2003, 89:1316-21. |
| Love S.C. et al., The Autogenous Tissue Heart Valve: Current Status, Journal of Cardiac Surgery, , Mar. 1991, vol. 6(4), pp. 499-507. |
| Lutter et al., “Percutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement: An Experimental Study. I. Studies on Implantation.” J. of Thoracic and Cardio. Surg., Apr. 2002, vol. 123(4), pp. 768-776. |
| Lutter et al., “Percutaneous Valve Replacement: Current State and Future Prospects,” Annals of Thoracic Surgery, Netherlands Dec. 2004, pp. 2199-2206. |
| Ma L., et al., “Double-crowned valved stents for off-pump mitral valve replacement,” European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol. 28, No. 2, Jun. 13, 2005, pp. 194-198. |
| Mack, M.J., “Minimally invasive cardiac surgery”, Surg Endosc, Mar. 2006, vol. 20, pp. S488-S492. |
| Magovern et al., “Twenty-five-Year Review of the Magovern-Cromie Sutureless Aortic Valve”, Ann. Thorac. Surg., Jan. 1989, vol. 48, pp. S33-S34. |
| Maraj et al., Evaluation of Hemolysis in Patients with Prosthetic Heart Valves, Clin. Cardiol. vol. 21, Jun. 1998, pp. 387-392. |
| Marcus RH et al., “Assessment of small-diameter aortic mechanical prostheses: physiological relevance of the Doppler gradient, utility of flow augmentation, and limitations of orifice area estimation,” Circulation. Sep. 1, 1998, 98(9), pp. 866-872. |
| Massimo C., et al., “Myocardial Revascularization by a New Method of Carrying Blood Directly From the Left Ventricular Cavity into the Coronary Circulation,” Journal of Thoracic Surgery, U.S.A., vol. 34, No. 2, Aug. 1957, pp. 257-264. |
| Mckay G. R. et al., “The Mansfield Scientific Aortic Valvuloplasty Registry: Overview of Acute Hemodynamic Results and Procedural Complications.” J. Am. Coll. Cardiol, Feb. 1991, 17(2), pp. 485-491. |
| Medical Industry Today Headline News, “Sales Dive, Losses Soar in 2Q for CardioGenesis,” Article #07179808, Article is 560 words long, Medical Data International Inc., U.S.A., Jul. 17, 1998, pp. 1-2. |
| Medical Industry Today Headline News, “Eclipse Gets OK to Pump Catheter Marketing in Europe,” Article #07179802, Article is 349 words long, Medical Data International, Inc., Santa Ana, CA., Jul. 17, 1998, pp. 1-2. |
| Medtech Insight 7(8), “New Frontiers in Heart Valve Disease” (Jan. 2005). |
| Mills N.L., et al., “Valvulotomy of valves in the saphenous vein graft before coronary artery bypass,” The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, vol. 71 (6), Jun. 1976, pp. 878-879. |
| Mirich et al., “Percutaneously Placed Endovascular Grafts for Aortic Aneurysms: Feasibility Study”, Radiology, Mar. 1989, vol. 170, pp. 1033-1037. |
| Moazami N et al. “Transluminal Aortic Valve Placement: a Fesibility Study with a Newly Designed Collapsible Aortic Valve”, ASAIO Journal, vol. 42, No. 2, Mar.-Apr. 1996. |
| Moulopoulos et al., “Catheter-Mounted Aortic Valves,” Annals of Thoracic Surg., vol. 11, No. 5, May 1971, pp. 423-430. |
| Munro I., et al., “The possibility of myocardial revascularization by creation of a left ventriculocoronary artery fistula,” The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The C.V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, MO., vol. 58, No. 1, Jul. 1969, pp. 25-32. |
| Nath J., et al., Impact of Tricuspid Regurgitation on Long-term Survival, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 43, No. 3, Feb. 2004, pp. 405-406. |
| Nietlispach F., et al., “Current Balloon-Expandable Transcatheter Heart Valve and Delivery Systems”, Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions, Sep. 2009, vol. 75, pp. 295-300. |
| Oesterle SN., et al., “Catheter-Based Coronary Bypass: A Development Update,” Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions, Wiley-Liss, Inc. U.S.A., vol. 58, No. 2, Feb. 2003, pp. 212-218. |
| Palacios, “Percutaneous Valve Replacement and Repair, Fiction or Reality?,” Journal of American College of Cardiology, vol. 44(8), Oct. 2004, pp. 1662-1663. |
| Palmaz J.C., et al., “Expandable Intrahepatic Portacaval Shunt Stents: Early Experience in the Dog,” American Journal of Roentgenology, U.S.A., vol. 145 (4), Oct. 1985, pp. 821-825. |
| Palmaz J.C., et al., “Expandable Intrahepatic Portacaval Shunt Stents in Dogs with Chronic Portal Hypertension,” American Journal of Roentgenology, The American Roentgen Ray Society, U.S.A., vol. 147, Dec. 1986, pp. 1251-1254. |
| Paniagua et al., “Heart Watch.” Texas Heart Institute. Edition: 8 pages, (Spring 2004). (Month of publication not available). |
| Paniagua et al., “Percutaneous Heart Valve in the Chronic in Vitro Testing Model.” Circulation, Sep. 17, 2002, vol. 106: e51-e52. |
| Parodi J.C., et al., “Transfemoral Intraluminal Graft Implantation for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms”, Ann. Vasc. Surg., vol. 5(6), Nov. 1991, pp. 491-499. |
| Partial European Search Report dated Feb. 28, 2012 in EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 11178135.7 (1257). |
| Partial European Search Report for Application No. 10168525.3-1269 dated Sep. 20, 2010, 5 pages. |
| Partial European Search Report for Application No. 07116242.4-2310 dated Jan. 14, 2008, 5 pages. |
| Partial European Search Report for Application No. 11153142.2-1257 dated Apr. 4, 2011, 5 pages. |
| Partial European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 07110318.8, dated Mar. 10, 2008, 6 pages. |
| Partial European Search Report for EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 10163478.0, dated Nov. 2, 2010, 6 pages. |
| Partial International Search Report for International Application No. PCT/EP2014/055044, filed Mar. 13, 2014, 7 pages. |
| Pavcnik D., et al., “Development and Initial Experimental Evaluation of a Prosthetic Aortic Valve for Transcatheter Placement.” Radiology, Apr. 1992, vol. 183, pp. 151-154. |
| Pavcnik et al., “Aortic and venous valve for percutaneous insertion,” Min. Invas. Ther. & Allied Technol, Jan. 2000, 9(3/4), pp. 287-292. |
| Pavcnik et al., “Percutaneous Bioprosthetic Venous Valve: A Long-term Study in Sheep,” Jounal of Vascular Surg., vol. 35, No. 3, Mar. 2002, pp. 598-603. |
| Pawelec-Wojtalk M., “Closure of left ventricle perforation with the use of muscular VSD occluder,” European Journal of Cardia-Thoracic Surgery, vol. 27, No. 4, Jan. 2005, pp. 714-716. |
| Pelton A.R., et al., “Medical Uses of Nitinol”, Materials Science Forum, vol. 327-328, Jan. 2000, pp. 63-70. |
| “Pericardial Heart Valves”, Edwards Lifesciences, Cardiovascular Surgery FAQ, http://www.edwards.com/products/cardiovascularsurgeryfaq.htm, Nov. 14, 2010. |
| Phillips et al., “A Temporary Catheter-Tip Aortic Valve: Hemodynamic Effects on Experimental Acute Aortic Insufficiency”, Annals of Thoracic Surg., Feb. 1976, 21(2), pp. 134-136. |
| Phillips S.J., et al., “Improvement in Forward Coronary Blood Flow by Using a Reversed Saphenous Vein with a Competent Valve,” The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, vol. 21 (1), Jan. 1976, pp. 12-15. |
| Printz et al., “Let the Blood Circulate”, Sulzer Tech. Rev. Apr. 1999. |
| Raillat et al., “Treatment of Iliac Artery Stenosis with the Wallstent Endoprosthesis.” AJR, Mar. 1990, vol. 154(3), pp. 613-616. |
| Remadi et al., “Preliminary results of 130 aortic valve replacements with a new mechanical bileaflet prosthesis: The Edwards MIRA valve,” Interactive Cardiovasc. and Thorac. Surg., vol. 2, Mar. 2003, pp. 80-83. |
| Richter G.M., et al., “Transjugular Intrahepatic Portacaval Stent Shunt: Preliminary Clinical Results,” Radiology, The Radiological Society of North America; Oak Brook, IL., vol. 174, No. 3, Part 2, Mar. 1990, pp. 1027-1030. |
| Rogers J.H., et al., “The Tricuspid Valve: Current Perspective and Evolving Management of Tricuspid Regurgitation,” Circulation, vol. 119, No. 20, May 26, 2009, pp. 2718-2725. |
| Rösch J., et al., “Gianturco-Rosch Expandable Z-Stents in the Treatment of Superior Vena Cava Syndrome,” Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol., vol. 15, No. 5, Sep.-Oct. 1992, pp. 319-327. |
| Ruiz C.E., “Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation and Mitral Valve Repair: State of the Art,” Pediatric Cardiology, May-Jun. 2005, vol. 26(3), pp. 289-294. |
| Saliba et al., “Treatment of Obstruction of Prosthetic Conduits by Percutaneous Implantation of Stents,” Archives des Maldies du Coeur et des Vaisseaux: 591-596, France, May 1999. English Abstract. |
| Schurink et al., “Stent Attachment Site—related Endoleakage after Stent Graft Treatment: An in vitro study of the effects of graft size, stent type, and atherosclerotic wall changes”, J. Vasc. Surg., vol. 30(4), Oct. 1999, pp. 658-667. |
| Screen shots from http://www.fraunhofer.de/presse/filme/2006/index.jsp, Aug. 19, 2006, 2 pages. |
| Search Report dated Oct. 15, 2003 from the European Patent Office for European Patent Application No. EP 02291953.4, 2 pages. |
| Search Report from the European Patent Office for European Patent Application No. EP 02291954.4, Dec. 2002, 4 pages. |
| Search Report (Rapport De Recherche) from French Application No. FR 01 10444 (Month of publication not available). |
| Second Examination Report dated Jan. 10, 2011 in European Application No. EP 02291953.4, 5 pages. |
| Sochman et al., “Percutaneous Transcatheter Aortic Disc Valve Prosthesis Implantation: A Feasibility Study.” Cardiovasc. Intervent. Radiol., Sep. 2000, 23: 384-388. |
| Southern Lights Biomaterials Homepage, http://www.slv.co.nz/, Jan. 7, 2011. |
| Stanley et al., “Evaluation of Patient Selection Guidelines for Endoluminal AAA Repair With the Zenith Stent Graft: The Australasian Experience.” J. Endovasc. Ther., Oct. 2001, 8:457-464. |
| Stassano, “Mid-term Results of the Valve-on-Valve Technique for Bioprosthetic Failure”, European Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oct. 2000, vol. 18, pp. 453-457. |
| Stein D.P., et al., “Turbulent blood flow in the ascending aorta of humans with normal and diseased aortic valves”, Circulation Research by American Heart Association, vol. 39, Jul. 1976, pp. 58-65. |
| Steinhoff et al., “Tissue Engineering of Pulmonary Heart Valves on Allogenic Acellular Matrix Conduits.” Circulation102 [suppl. III], Nov. 2000, pp. III-50-III-55. |
| Stuart, “In Heart Valves, A Brave, New Non-Surgical World”, Start-Up. Feb. 9-17, 2004. |
| Supplemental Search Report from EP Patent Office for EP Application No. 04813777.2, dated Aug. 19, 2011. |
| Supplemental Search Report from EP Patent Office for EP Application No. 04815634.3, dated Aug. 19, 2011. |
| Supplemental Search Report from EP Patent Office for EP Application No. 05758878.2, dated Oct. 24, 2011. |
| Supplementary European Search Report dated Jan. 2, 2012 in EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 09820051.2. |
| Textbook of Interventional Cardiology, 2d Ed., Chapter 75: Percutaneous Expandable Prosthetic Valves, Jan. 1994. |
| Thompson et al., “Endoluminal stent grafting of the thoracic aorta: Initial experience with the Gore Excluder,” Journal of Vascular Surgery, Jun. 2002, pp. 1163-1170. |
| Topol, “Percutaneous Expandable Prosthetic Valves.” Textbook of Interventional Cardiology, W.B. Saunders Company, 2: 1268-1276, Jan. 1994. |
| Translation of “Aortenklappenbioprothese erfolgreich in der Entwicklung,” original—German language document dated May 16, 2003, 2 pages. |
| Triennial Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative: “A Matter of Size”, The National Academies Press, Washington DC, V-13, Retrived from the Interent: URL: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11752/a-matter-of-size-triennial-review-of-the-national-nanotechnology, Mar. 2006, 200 pages. |
| Tweden K.S., et al., “Ventriculocoronary Artery Bypass (VCAB), a Novel Approach to Myocardial Revascularization,” Heart Surgery Forum., Article #2000-4653, vol. 3(1), Feb. 2000, pp. 47-54. |
| “Surgical Heart Valves”, Edwards Lifesciences, Cardiovascular Surgery FAQ, http://www.edwards.com/products/Pages/cardiovascularsurgeryfaq.aspx, visited on Nov. 14, 2010. |
| Vahanian et al., “Percutaneous Approaches to Valvular Disease”, Circulation, Apr. 6, 2004, 109: 1572-1579. |
| Van Herwerden et al., “Percutaneous Valve Implantation: Back to the Future?”, Euro. Heart J., Sep. 2002, 23(18): 1415-1416. |
| Venture Beat Profiles, Claudio Argento, Jan. 7, 2010, http://venturebeatprofiles.com/person/profile/claudio-argento. |
| Vossoughi et al., “Stent Graft Update”, Dec. 2000, Kononov, Volodos, and Parodi and Palmaz Stents; Hemobahn Stent Graft. |
| Wakayabashi A., et al., Myocardial Boring for the Ischemic Heart, American Medical Association Publication; International Cardiovascular Society, Fifteenth Scientific Meeting, Atlantic City, NJ, Archives of Surgery, Jun. 16 and 17, 1967, vol. 95, No. 5, Nov. 1967, pp. 743-752. |
| Walther et al., “Transapical approach for sutureless stent-fixed aortic valve implantation: experimental results”, European Journal of Cardiao-thoracic Surgery 29, May 2006, pp. 703-708. |
| Webb et al., “Percutaneous Aortic Valve Implantation Retrograde from the Femoral Artery”, Circulation, American Hea Association, vol. 113, Feb. 6, 2006, pp. 842-850. |
| Weerasinghe A., et al., “First Redo Heart Valve Replacement: A 10-Year Analysis,” European Journal of Cardia-Thoracic Surgery, vol. 99, Feb. 1999, pp. 655-658. |
| Weyman AB et al., “Aortic Stenosis: Physics and Physiology—What Do the Numbers Really Mean?”, Rev Cardiovasc Med. Jan. 2005, vol. 6(1), pp. 23-32. |
| White et al., “Endoleak as a Complication of Endoluminal Grafting of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Classification, Incidence, Diagnosis, and Management,” J. Endovac. Surg., vol. 4, May 1997, pp. 152-168. |
| Written Opinion for Application No. PCT/EP2006/012455, mailed Sep. 27, 2007, 11 pages. |
| Written Opinion for Application No. PCT/EP2007/007413, mailed Jan. 28, 2008, 5 pages. |
| Written Opinion for Application No. PCT/EP2011/058506, mailed Nov. 3, 2011, 5 pages. |
| Written Opinion for Application No. PCT/EP2014/065817, mailed Jan. 7, 2015, 7 pages. |
| Written Opinion for PCT/EP2006/010023 dated Mar. 30, 2007, 10 Pages. |
| Written Opinion for PCT/EP2012/067714 dated Dec. 18, 2012, 5 Pages. |
| Yonga et al., “Effect of Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvotomy on Pulmonary Venous Flow in Severe Mitral Stenosis,” East African Medical Journal (Kenya), Jan. 1999, pp. 28-30. |
| Yonga et al., “Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvotomy: Initial Experience in Nairobi Using a New Multi-Track Catheter System,” East African Medical Journal (Kenya), Feb. 1999, pp. 71-74. |
| Yonga et al., “Percutaneous Transluminal Balloon Valvuloplasty for Pulmonary Valve Stenosis: Report on Six Cases,” East African Medical Journal (Kenya), Apr. 1994, pp. 232-235. |
| Yonga G.O., et al., “Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy in Juvenile Mitral Stenosis”, East African Medical Journal, Kenya, Apr. 2003, pp. 172-174. |
| Yoshioka et al., “Self-Expanding Endovascular Graft: An Experimental Study in Dogs.” AJR 151, Oct. 1988, pp. 673-676. |
| Zemel G., et al., “Percutaneous Transjugular Portosystemic Shunt,” The Journal of the American Medical Association, American Medical Association, U.S.A., vol. 266, No. 3, Jul. 17, 1991, pp. 390-393. |
| Zhou et al., “Self-expandable Valved Stent of Large Size: Off-Bypass Implantation in Pulmonary Position”, Eur. J. Cardiothorac, Aug. 2003, 24: 212-216. |
| Extended EP Search Report dated Sep. 24, 2020 in EP Patent Appl. Serial No. 20165841.6 (JVT-0280). |
| International Search Report for PCT/EP2016/055783 dated May 30, 2016(5 pages). |
| International Search Report & Written Opinion dated Feb. 20, 2024 in Int'l PCT Patent Appl. Serial No. PCT/IB2023/037029. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20180116843 A1 | May 2018 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62136092 | Mar 2015 | US |
