Patent Application
20230082035
The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more particularly, to an integrated heat exchanger for cooling two types of heat exchange media having different temperatures by having a flow distribution structure in a tank to effectively disperse thermal stress caused by a temperature difference.
In general, an engine room of a vehicle may be provided with not only components for driving the vehicle, such as an engine, but also various heat exchangers such as a radiator, an intercooler, an evaporator and a condenser for cooling the respective components in the vehicle, such as the engine or for adjusting an air temperature of a vehicle interior. In general, these heat exchangers may each have a heat exchange medium circulating therein, and the heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger and air outside the heat exchanger may exchange heat with each other, thereby achieving cooling or heat dissipation.
In many cases, one type of heat exchange medium may circulate in the heat exchanger. However, when necessary, heat exchangers may be integrally formed with each other for two types of heat exchange media to circulate therein. For example, in cases of the radiator and oil cooler of an automobile, coolant for cooling the engine may circulate in the radiator, and oil such as engine oil and transmission oil may circulate in the oil cooler. In some cases, these components may be formed as separate devices. However, in many cases, these components may be formed integrally with each other for increasing space usability of the engine room, or when introducing a water-cooled oil cooler structure in which the coolant is used to cool the oil, etc.
Meanwhile, it is considered that this integrated heat exchanger replaces two heat exchangers with one heat exchanger in a word. Therefore, compared to the case of two heat exchangers, a heat exchanger core (or a core, which includes tubes and fins and is a zone where heat exchange is mainly performed) may have a reduced area, and it is thus necessary to further improve a heat exchange performance. According to this need, in the case of such an integrated heat exchanger, in some cases, the tube may have a partition wall formed in the middle so that the heat exchanger core is double-formed. The lower part of
That is, the heat exchanger core may be separated into two in up and down directions, two types of heat exchange media may circulate therein, respectively, and upper and lower cores may also be separated into two in front and rear directions. In short, the upper and lower cores may not communicate with each other, and the front and rear cores may communicate with each other.
The integrated heat exchanger formed in this way may be operated in various ways, for example, two types of heat exchange media of different kinds such as coolant/oil may circulate therein, or two types of heat exchange media having different temperature ranges such as low temperature coolant/high temperature coolant circulate therein. In any case, a significant temperature difference may occur between the upper and lower cores when two types of heat exchange media circulate. Meanwhile, a temperature difference may also occur between the front and rear cores, which is described in detail as follows. The heat exchanger may allow the heat exchange media in the heat exchanger to exchange heat with outside air while the outside air circulates in the front and back directions. Here, when the core is double-formed in the front and rear directions due to the tube having the partition wall formed therein, air that already exchanged heat with the front core may exchange heat with the rear core. Accordingly, the temperature difference may also occur between the front and rear cores.
When a temperature distribution is unbalanced as such, a degree of thermal deformation may vary depending on a location, and a thermal stress may thus be concentrated on a specific portion of the heat exchanger. In the case of the integrated heat exchanger as described above, the concentration of thermal stress may be greatest in a portion where the upper and lower cores and the front and rear cores are divided. The concentration of thermal stress due to such thermal deformation may be a major cause of damage or crack of the heat exchanger, and there is a need for a design to solve this problem.
1. Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2013-0023450 (entitled “heat exchanger,” and published on Mar. 8, 2013)
An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger having a flow distribution tank structure for thermal stress dispersion, that is, an integrated heat exchanger for cooling two types of heat exchange media having different temperatures by having a flow distribution structure in a tank to effectively disperse thermal stress caused by a temperature difference.
In one general aspect, a heat exchanger 1000 having a flow distribution tank structure for thermal stress dispersion includes a pair of header tanks 100 each including a header 110 and a tank 120 combined to each other, and positioned in parallel to each other while being spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance; and a plurality of tubes 200 each having both ends fixed to the header tank 100 to form a flow path of a refrigerant, wherein when a direction in which outside air blows in is referred to as a front direction and a direction in which the outside air blows out is referred to as a rear direction, and when one of an extension direction of the header tank 100 is referred to as a first direction and the other is referred to as a second direction, in the heat exchanger 1000, an inner space of the header tank 100 is partitioned and separated in the first and second directions to allow heat exchange media having different average temperatures to respectively circulate in first-and-second direction heat exchange portions, and an inner space of the tube 200 is partitioned and separated into front and rear sides to have a heat exchange portion double-formed in the front and rear directions, and a flow distribution structure is positioned in the tank 120 for a flow of a heat exchange medium circulating to an inner space of the rear side of the tube 200 to be relatively less than a flow of a heat exchange medium circulating to an inner space of the front side of the tube 200.
Here, the flow distribution structure may be a combination of a flow adjustment rib 122 and a flow adjustment baffle 121 for reducing the flow of the heat exchange medium circulating to the inner space of the rear side of the tube 200 by including the flow adjustment rib 122 formed by a portion of the tank 120 protruding into the header tank 100 in a height direction of the header tank 100 and an end of the protrusion spaced apart from the inner space of the rear side of the tube 200, and the flow adjustment baffle 121 extending in the height direction of the header tank 100 and having one end fixed to an inner surface of the flow adjustment rib 122 and the other end spaced apart from the inner space of the rear side of the tube 200.
In addition, here in the flow distribution structure, the number of the tubes 200 in which the flow reduced by the flow adjustment baffle 121 may be less than or equal to the number of the tubes 200 in which the flow is reduced by the flow adjustment rib 122.
In addition, here, the flow distribution structure may be a separation structure for partitioning and separating the inner space of the header tank 100 at a boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions of the tank 120 in the first and second directions, the number of the tubes 200 in which the flow is reduced by the flow adjustment baffle 121 may be less than the number of the tubes 200 in which the flow is reduced by the flow adjustment rib 122, and the flow adjustment baffle 121 may be positioned adjacent to the separation structure.
Alternatively, the flow distribution structure may be a flow adjustment rib 122 formed by a portion of the tank 120 protruding into the header tank 100 in a height direction of the header tank 100 and an end of the protrusion spaced apart from the inner space of the rear side of the tube 200 to reduce the flow of the heat exchange medium circulating to the inner space of the rear side of the tube 200.
Alternatively, the flow distribution structure may be a flow adjustment baffle 121 extending in a height direction of the header tank 100 and having one end fixed to an inner surface of the tank 120 and the other end spaced apart from the inner space of the rear side of the tube 200 to reduce the flow of the heat exchange medium circulating to the inner space of the rear side of the tube 200.
In addition, the tank 120 may include the separation structure for partitioning and separating the inner space of the header tank 100 at the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions in the first and second directions, and the separation structure may be either a separation rib formed by a portion of the tank 120 protruding into the header tank 100 in the height direction of the header tank 100 and the end of the protrusion in contact with the tube 200, or a separation baffle extending in the height direction of the header tank 100 and having one end fixed to the inner surface of the tank 120 and the other end in contact with the tube 200.
In addition, when the flow distribution structure includes the flow adjustment rib 122, and the separation structure is the separation rib, the flow adjustment rib 122 and the separation rib may be connected to each other.
In addition, the flow distribution structure may be positioned adjacent to a portion of the tube 200, through which the heat exchange medium is discharged.
In addition, the flow distribution structure may be positioned in any position of the tube 200 or may be positioned in a certain position of the tube 200 in a vicinity of the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions.
Here, the flow distribution structure may be positioned in the certain position of the tube 200 in the vicinity of the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions, and the vicinity of the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions may range from one to five positions with respect to a dummy tube 210, which is positioned in the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions of the heat exchanger 1000, in the first and second directions.
In addition, the tube 200 may include a partition wall partitioning and separating the inner space of the tube 200 into the front and rear sides by bending a plate.
In addition, the heat exchanger 1000 may be a radiator in which high-temperature coolant and low-temperature coolant circulate.
According to the present invention, the integrated heat exchanger for cooling two types of heat exchange media having different temperatures may have the flow distribution structure formed in the tank to effectively disperse the thermal stress caused by the temperature difference. In more detail, the heat exchanger of the present invention may include the core divided into the first and second directions to cool two types of heat exchange media, and divided into the front and rear sides by using the tube having the partition wall in the middle, such as a folded tube, to have the improved heat exchange performance. Here, it is known that the most severe concentration of the thermal stress may occur on the points where the first and second directions are divided from each other and the front and rear sides are divided from each other, and on the corresponding point of the rear side among these points. Here, the present invention may relieve the concentration of the thermal stress by allowing the heat exchange medium of more flow to circulate in the front side of the tube, and the heat exchange medium of less flow to circulate in the rear side of the tube, and this flow distribution may be implemented using a baffle or a tank depression, positioned in the tank.
In this way, the present invention including the flow distribution structure may allow more heat exchange medium circulating in the front side of the tube to exchange heat with outside air that has yet to exchange heat, and less heat exchange medium circulating in the rear side of the tube to exchange heat with outside air that already exchanged heat once in the front core, which may remarkably solve the temperature unbalance problem. It is thus possible to effectively disperse the thermal stress, and ultimately significantly reduce the damage and crack problems in the connection between the header and the tube.
Hereinafter, a heat exchanger having a flow distribution structure for thermal stress dispersion according to the present invention, which has the above-described configuration, is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The heat exchanger disclosed in the present invention may be an integrated heat exchanger in which two types of heat exchange media having different temperatures separately circulate, and in particular, a heat exchanger in which a tube has two rows, i.e. front and rear sides, and a core, i.e. a heat exchange portion where heat exchange mainly occurs, is double-formed in first and second directions as well as front and rear directions. In detail, as briefly described above with reference to
As such, in the heat exchanger 1000, the inner space of the header tank 100 may be partitioned and separated in the first and second directions. To this end, the tank 120 may include a separation structure for partitioning and separating the inner space of the header tank 100 at the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions in the first and second directions. The separation structure may be a separation baffle having one end fixed to an inner surface of the tank 120 and the other end in contact with the dummy tube 210, or a separation rib formed by a portion of the tank 120 protruding into the header tank 100 and an end of the protrusion in contact with the dummy tube 210, as shown in
As such, when a temperature difference occurs between the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions, thermal stress may be concentrated on the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions due to a difference in an amount of thermal deformation in the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions.
The middle portion of
This temperature distribution unbalance phenomenon is described in more detail as follows. The heat exchange medium circulating to the inner space of the front side of the tube 200 may first exchange heat with air. As described above, when the heat exchanger 1000 is the radiator, air may have a lower temperature than the heat exchange medium, and heat of the heat exchange medium may thus be discharged to air, thereby increasing the temperature of air. The heat exchange medium circulating to the inner space of the rear side of the tube 200 may exchange heat with air having a temperature already increased slightly in the front side thereof as described above. Therefore, the heat of the heat exchange medium in the rear side of the tube may not be smoothly discharged to air compared to that in the front side of the tube, and the heat exchange medium may be cooled less, such that the overall temperature of the rear side of the tube 200 may be higher than that of the front side thereof.
As such, when the rear side of the tube 200 has the increased temperature, a corresponding portion may have an increased amount of thermal deformation. The lower portion of
That is, in short, in the case of the heat exchanger double-formed in both the first and second directions and the front and rear directions, the thermal stress may be concentrated in a vicinity of the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions in the first and second directions, and the thermal stress may be concentrated on a header-tube junction of the rear side in the front and rear directions. In conclusion, it can be seen that the most thermal stress is concentrated on the header-tube junction of the rear side, positioned near the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions.
In the present invention, in order to solve this problem, a flow of the heat exchange medium circulating to the inner space of the rear side of the tube 200 may be relatively less than a flow of the heat exchange medium circulating to the inner space of the front side of the tube 200. As described above, a major cause of the thermal deformation unbalance is that the heat exchange medium circulating to the inner space of the front side of the tube 200 may first exchange heat with air, thereby increasing the temperature of air, and air having the increased temperature may not sufficiently absorb heat from the heat exchange medium circulating to the inner space of the rear side of the tube 200. Here, when the flow of the heat exchange medium circulating to the inner space of the rear side of the tube 200 is reduced, an amount of heat that air needs to absorb from the heat exchange medium of the rear side of the tube may be reduced. That is, when the flow of the heat exchange medium circulating to the inner space of the rear side of the tube 200 is reduced, even if air does not absorb as much heat as in the inner space of the front side thereof, sufficient heat may be absorbed enough to lower the temperature of the heat exchange medium of the rear side. The present invention uses this principle, and the present invention may suggest a flow distribution structure formed in the tank 120 so that the flow of the heat exchange medium in the rear side is less than in the front side.
A perspective view of
In the third exemplary embodiment, the flow distribution structure may include both the flow adjustment rib 122 and the flow adjustment baffle 121. Here, the number of the tubes 200 in which the flow is reduced by the flow adjustment baffle 121 may be less than or equal to the number of the tubes 200 in which the flow is reduced by the flow adjustment rib 122. Meanwhile,
Meanwhile, the description describes above that the tank 120 may include the separation structure for partitioning and separating the inner space of the header tank 100 at the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions in the first and second directions, and the separation structure may be the separation rib or the separation baffle.
Meanwhile, the flow distribution structure may be positioned anywhere adjacent to the inlet of the tube 200, into which the heat exchange medium is introduced or the outlet of the tube 200, from which the heat exchange medium is discharged. However, when the flow distribution structure is positioned adjacent to the inlet of the tube 200, the high-temperature heat exchange medium accommodated in the header tank 100 may not smoothly escape into the tube 200. This position may cause a lower heat exchange performance by unnecessarily increasing a pressure in the header tank 100 or by not allowing the heat exchange medium to smoothly flow into the tube 200. Therefore, as shown as the ‘outlet’ in both
In addition, the flow distribution structure may be positioned in any position of the tube 200. As long as the tube 200 has the two rows, i.e. the front and rear sides, the concentration of the thermal stress on header-tube junction of the rear side as described above may occur in any position of the tube 200. Therefore, the flow distribution structure may be positioned in any position of the tube 200.
However, when the flow distribution structure is positioned in any position of the tube 200 as such, the heat exchange media may not smoothly circulate substantially from the tube 200 to the header tank 100 positioned adjacent to the outlet, which may lead to the lower heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger 1000. Here, as also described above, another portion on which the thermal stress is concentrated may be the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions. In consideration of this point, the flow distribution structure may be positioned in a certain position of the tube 200 in the vicinity of the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions. Here, the vicinity of the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions may range from one to five positions with respect to the dummy tube 210, positioned in the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions of the heat exchanger 1000, in the first and second directions.
As described above, in the present invention, it is possible to reduce the flow of the heat exchange medium circulating to the inner space of the rear side of the tube, thereby reducing the amount of heat air that already exchanged heat once in the front side needs to absorb from the rear side (to sufficiently cool the heat exchange medium). Accordingly, the heat exchange medium of the rear side can be sufficiently and appropriately cooled even when air does not absorb as much heat as in the front side. In other words, the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the front side and the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the rear side can be matched to each other much more uniformly. It is thus possible to significantly reduce a risk of the crack occurring due to the thermal stress concentrated on the header-tube junction of the rear side by making the temperature distribution of the front side and that of the rear side uniform.
In addition, it is known that the thermal stress may also be concentrated on the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently reduce the risk of the crack occurring due to the concentration of the thermal stress while properly maintaining the overall heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger by locally positioning the flow distribution structure in the vicinity of the boundary point of the first-and-second direction heat exchange portions.
The present invention is not limited to the abovementioned exemplary embodiments, and may be variously applied. In addition, the present invention may be variously modified by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims.
According to the present invention, the integrated heat exchanger for cooling two types of heat exchange media having different temperatures may have the flow distribution structure formed in the tank to effectively disperse the thermal stress caused by the temperature difference. As a result, it is possible to effectively disperse the thermal stress, and ultimately significantly reduce damage and crack problems in the connection between the header and the tube.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2020-0020056 | Feb 2020 | KR | national |
| 10-2021-0019251 | Feb 2021 | KR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2021/001968 | 2/16/2021 | WO |
