This application is a U.S. national stage application of PCT/JP2018/022576 filed on Jun. 13, 2018, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The present disclosure relates to a heat exchanger, a heat exchanger unit provided with the heat exchanger, and a refrigeration cycle apparatus, and particularly to a structure of a spacer that maintains an interval between fins installed on heat transfer tubes.
Some heat exchanger has been known that is provided with flat tubes, to improve heat exchange performance, that are each a heat transfer tube having a flat sectional shape with multiple holes. One example of such a heat exchanger is a heat exchanger where flat tubes are arranged at predetermined intervals from one another in the up-and-down direction with the direction of pipe axes extending in the lateral direction. In such a heat exchanger, plate-like fins are aligned in the direction of the pipe axes of the flat tubes, and heat is exchanged between air passing through between the fins and fluid flowing through the flat tubes.
Some fin has been known that is provided with a fin collar at the peripheral edge of a flat tube insertion portion. The fin collar ensures a separation between the fins by causing the distal end of the fin collar to be in contact with the next fin. In recent years, as the thickness of the flat tube has been reduced, the width of the flat tube insertion portion of the fin is small and hence, it is difficult to raise the fin collar, which is provided to the peripheral edge of the flat tube insertion portion, up to a predetermined height. To solve the problem, in Patent Literature 1, spacers are provided to each fin to maintain intervals between fins disposed next to each other, and each spacer is formed by bending a portion of the fin at a portion other than the peripheral edge of the flat tube insertion portion. The fin has an insertion region where the flat tube is inserted, and an extension region formed downwind of the insertion region. The spacers are formed in the insertion region and the extension region. The spacer in the extension region is formed right behind the spacer in the insertion region (see Patent Literature 1, for example).
Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent No. 5177307
However, in the heat exchanger disclosed in Patent Literature 1, the spacer is formed by bending a portion of the fin, and the spacer is provided with a surface of the spacer directed in a direction of the flow of air passing through between the fins. A problem is consequently caused in that the area of an air passage between the fins decreases, so that ventilation properties of the heat exchanger are deteriorated. Further, in the case where the spacer is provided with the surface of the spacer extending along the direction of the flow of air, a problem lies in that, on the surface of the spacer, frost forms and stagnates and meltwater of frost stagnates, so that drainage properties and defrosting properties of the heat exchanger are reduced. Further, in the heat exchanger disclosed in Patent Literature 1, the flat tubes are disposed with the longitudinal direction of the sectional shape of each flat tube extending in the horizontal direction and hence, a problem lies in that water stagnates on the flat tube, and is not easily drained.
The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present disclosure to provide a heat exchanger, a heat exchanger unit, and a refrigeration cycle apparatus where a reduction of drainage properties and ventilation properties is prevented, and an air passage is not easily clogged when frost forms.
A heat exchanger according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a flat tube and a plurality of fins that are each a plate having a plate surface extending in a longitudinal direction and in a width direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. The plate surface intersects a pipe axis of the flat tube, and the plurality of fins are arranged at an interval from one another. The plurality of fins each have a first spacer formed in the plate and maintaining the interval. The flat tube has a longitudinal axis of a section perpendicular to the pipe axis, and the longitudinal axis is inclined to the width direction by an inclination angle θ. The first spacer has a standing surface extending in a direction intersecting the plate surface, and the standing surface is inclined in a direction same as that of the inclination angle θ.
A heat exchanger unit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure includes the above-mentioned heat exchanger, and a fan configured to send air to the heat exchanger.
A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure includes the above-mentioned heat exchanger unit. Advantageous Effects of Invention
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, with the above-mentioned configuration, the spacer appropriately maintains the interval between the fins. It is therefore possible to prevent the clogging of the air passage when frost forms, and drainage properties of meltwater are ensured during the defrosting process. Further, the spacer is inclined in the same direction as the flat tube, so that it is possible to prevent the blockage of the flow of air along the flat tube, and the reduction of ventilation properties between the fin and the flat tube. Resistance against frost and drainage properties of the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger unit, and the refrigeration cycle apparatus are therefore enhanced while heat exchange performance is maintained.
Hereinafter, embodiments of a heat exchanger, a heat exchanger unit, and a refrigeration cycle apparatus are described. Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present disclosure are described with reference to drawings. In the drawings, components and portions given the same reference signs are the same or corresponding components and portions, and the reference signs are common in the entire specification. Further, forms of components described in the entire specification are merely examples, and the present disclosure is not limited to the description in the specification. In particular, the combination of the components is not limited to the combination in each embodiment, and components described in one embodiment may be applicable to another embodiment. Further, when it is not necessary to distinguish or specify a plurality of components or portions of the same kind that are, for example, differentiated by suffixes, the suffixes may be omitted. In the drawings, the relationship in size of the components and portions may differ from that of actual components and portions. It is noted that directions indicated by “x”, “y”, and “z” in the drawings indicate the same directions in the drawings.
The outdoor heat exchanger 5 is mounted on an outdoor unit 8, the indoor heat exchanger 7 is mounted on an indoor unit 9, and a fan 2 is disposed in the vicinity of each of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 and the indoor heat exchanger 7. In the outdoor unit 8, the fan 2 sends outside air into the outdoor heat exchanger 5 to exchange heat between the outside air and refrigerant. In the indoor unit 9, the fan 2 sends indoor air into the indoor heat exchanger 7 to exchange heat between the indoor air and refrigerant, so that the temperature of the indoor air is conditioned. Further, in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1, the heat exchanger 100 may be used as the outdoor heat exchanger 5, mounted on the outdoor unit 8, or as the indoor heat exchanger 7, mounted on the indoor unit 9, and the heat exchanger 100 is used as a condenser or an evaporator. In the specification, a unit, such as the outdoor unit 8 and the indoor unit 9, on which the heat exchanger 100 is mounted is particularly referred to as “heat exchanger unit”.
The heat exchanger 100 shown in
Each flat tube 30 has the longitudinal axis of a section inclined to the width direction of the fin 40 by an inclination angle θ. A first end portion 31 positioned closer to the first end edge 41 of the fin 40 than is a second end portion 32 is positioned lower than is the second end portion 32 positioned closer to the second end edge 42 than is the first end portion 31. Each cut-out portion 44 formed at the second end edge 42 of the fin 40 is also inclined to the width direction of the fin 40 by the inclination angle θ.
The plurality of fins 40 are arranged along a direction along which the pipe axes of the flat tubes 30 extend. The fins 40 disposed next to each other are disposed with a predetermined gap between the fins 40 so that air is allowed to pass through between the fins 40. To ensure an interval between the fins 40 disposed next to each other, a first spacer 50a and a second spacer 50b are formed on the fins 40. Hereinafter, the first spacer 50a and the second spacer 50b may be collectively referred to as “spacer 50”. The spacer 50 is formed by bending a portion of the fin 40, which is a plate, and the spacer 50 is erected in a direction intersecting the plate surface 48.
As shown in
When the fin 40 is viewed in the y direction, that is, when the fin 40 is viewed in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface 48, the standing surface 53a of the first spacer 50a is inclined in the direction same as that of the inclination angle θ of the flat tube 30, and the standing surface 53a is inclined by an inclination angle α1. Each of the inclination angle θ and the inclination angle α1 is an angle by which the flat tube 30 or the standing surface 53a is inclined to the x axis on a section perpendicular to the pipe axes of the flat tubes 30 and, in other words, is an angle by which the flat tube 30 or the standing surface 53a is inclined to a straight line horizontal to the width direction of the fin 40. The inclination angle α1 of the standing surface 53a of the first spacer 50a is set to satisfy a mathematical formula of 0<α1≤θ.
The second spacer 50b is formed on the fin 40 in an intermediate region 43, which is a region between the cut-out portions 44 into which the flat tubes 30 are inserted. The standing surface 53b of the second spacer 50b is also inclined in the same direction as the direction in which the flat tube 30 is inclined in the same manner as the standing surface 53b of the first spacer 50a. The second spacer 50b has an inclination angle α2, and is set to satisfy a mathematical formula of 0<α2≤θ. The inclination angle α2 is also an angle by which the standing surface 53b is inclined to the x axis on the section perpendicular to the pipe axes of the flat tubes 30 and, in other words, is an angle by which the standing surface 53b is inclined to a straight line horizontal to the width direction of the fin 40.
Advantageous effects of the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 1 are described below. To facilitate understanding of drainage properties of the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 1, hereinafter, the description is made for the operation of the heat exchanger 100 when the heat exchanger 100 is operated as an evaporator under the condition that outside air has a low temperature. Subsequently, the configuration of a heat exchanger 1100 of a comparative example is described, and the draining action of the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 1 is then described.
During the operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1, condensation water or meltwater of frost flows down onto the fin 1040 from above. In such a case, water flows down also onto the standing surfaces 1053a, 1053b of the spacers 1050a, 1050b. In the heat exchanger 1100 of the comparative example, the spacers 1050a, 1050b are formed to be horizontal, so that water stagnates on the standing surfaces 1053a, 1053b, and is not drained. Water on the standing surfaces 1053a, 1053b is consequently frozen, and a frozen portion expands using the frozen water as a base point and thus becomes a cause of clogging of an air passage, or breakage of the heat exchanger 1100.
In contrast, in the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 1, the first spacer 50a and the second spacer 50b are inclined, so that water on the standing surfaces 53a, 53b is rapidly drained by gravity and flows downward. With such a configuration, in the heat exchanger 100, an appropriate gap is ensured between the fins 40 disposed next to each other, and water flowing down onto the standing surface 53 of the first spacer 50a does not stagnate. The heat exchanger 100 consequently has high drainage properties, and has no clogging of an air passage between the fins 40 and hence, no possibility remains that heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger 100 is impaired.
To prevent ventilation resistance in the heat exchanger 100, and to reduce the amount of refrigerant filled in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 for lessening an effect on global warming, the transverse axis of the flat tube 30 is set to have a small value, that is, the thickness of the flat tube 30 is reduced. With such a reduction in thickness, in providing a fin collar to the peripheral edge of the cut-out portion 44 for appropriately ensuring intervals between the fins 40, the cut-out portion 44 into which the fin 40 is to be inserted has a small width and hence, it is difficult to raise the fin collar, which is provided to the peripheral edge of the cut-out portion 44, up to a predetermined height. However, by providing the spacer 50 to the fin 40 as in the case of the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 1, it is possible to appropriately ensure intervals between the fins 40.
In the heat exchanger 100a of the modification, the first spacer 50a is disposed away from the first imaginary line L1 by 1 mm or more, for example. By disposing the first spacer 50a as described above, when water on the flat tube 30 flows down from the first end portion 31 of the flat tube 30, water flows through a drainage region h formed between the first spacer 50a and the first end portions 31 of the flat tubes 30. In the case where the direction of gravity aligns with the longitudinal direction of the fin 40, no object that blocks the flow of water is disposed in the drainage region h and hence, the heat exchanger 100a of the modification has further improved drainage properties compared with the heat exchanger 100.
In the heat exchanger 100b of the modification, the first spacer 50a is not disposed in the region close to the first end edge 41 of the fin 40, and no cut-out portion 44 is provided at the first end edge 41. No possibility consequently remains that the first spacer 50a blocks the flow of water from above shown in
In the heat exchanger 100, 100a, 100b, 100c according to Embodiment 1, the second spacer 50b is formed in the intermediate region 43 of the fin 40. However, as long as intervals between the fins 40 are appropriately ensured, the second spacer 50b may not be provided. Further, it is not always necessary to provide the spacer 50 in every space provided between the flat tubes 30, and the positions where spacers 50 are installed may be suitably changed. In addition to the above, it is not always necessary to provide the first spacer 50a and the second spacer 50b as a set, and only either one of the first spacer 50a or the second spacer 50b may be provided at some positions.
The first spacer 50a and the second spacer 50b are provided between the fins 40 of the heat exchanger 100. The standing surface 53a of the first spacer 50a and the standing surface 53b of the second spacer 50b are inclined in a direction same as that of the inclination angle θ of the flat tube 30 and hence, the flow of air is not easily blocked. Further, the inclination angle α1 of the standing surface 53a of the first spacer 50a is smaller than the inclination angle θ of the flat tube 30, so that the direction of the flow of air is gently changed and hence, no possibility remains that ventilation properties are impaired. Further, the inclination angle α2 of the standing surface 53b of the second spacer 50b is set to a value close to the value of the inclination angle θ of the flat tube 30, so that the flow of air is not blocked in the intermediate region 43 between the flat tubes 30 disposed next to each other.
In the heat exchanger 100a of the modification shown in
The description has been made above for a state where air flows into the heat exchanger 100 from a direction perpendicular to the first end edge 41 of the fin 40 of the heat exchanger 100. However, there may be also a case where the heat exchanger 100 is disposed and inclined to the direction of gravity, for example. The inclination angle of each of the flat tubes 30, the first spacer 50a, and the second spacer 50b is only required to be suitably set corresponding to an environment where the heat exchanger 100 is disposed.
In the heat exchanger 100, 100a, 100b according to Embodiment 1, the first spacer 50a is inclined in the same direction as the flat tube 30 and hence, it is possible to prevent stagnation, on the first spacer 50a, of water flowing from an upper portion of the fin 40. Further, the inclination angle α1 of the standing surface 53a of the first spacer 50a has the relationship of the mathematical formula of 0<α1≤θ, so that the flow of air flowing into the heat exchanger 100, 100a, 100b is not easily blocked. Resistance against frost and drainage properties of the heat exchanger 100, 100a, 100b are consequently enhanced while heat exchange performance is maintained. Further, even in the case where the transverse axis of the flat tube 30 is shorter than the interval between the arranged fins 40, it is also possible to appropriately ensure a gap between the fins 40 by the first spacer 50a.
A heat exchanger 200 according to Embodiment 2 is a heat exchanger obtained by changing the disposition of the first spacer 50a from that in the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 1. The description of the heat exchanger 200 according to Embodiment 2 is made below mainly for points different from Embodiment 1. In the drawings, portions of the heat exchanger 200 according to Embodiment 2 having the same functions as those in Embodiment 1 are given the same reference signs as used in the drawings for describing Embodiment 1.
The first spacer 250a and the first end portion 31 of the flat tube 30 are positioned with a predetermined separation. The cut-out portion 44 is formed in the fin 240 at a portion where the flat tube 30 is disposed and hence, the cut-out portion 44 and the first spacer 250a are formed to be spaced apart from each other. In Embodiment 2, the inclination angle α1 of the first spacer 250a is set to a value substantially equal to the value of the inclination angle θ of the flat tube 30. However, the inclination angle α1 is not limited to the above, and any value within the mathematical formula of 0<α1≤θ may be used.
In the heat exchanger 200 according to Embodiment 2, the first spacer 250a is disposed in the vicinity of the extension of the upper surface 33 of the flat tube 30 where water easily stagnates. When water on the upper surface 33 of the flat tube 30 reaches the first end portion 31, the water is consequently guided toward the first spacer 250a because of capillarity, and is drained from the flat tube 30. Further, the first spacer 250a is inclined by the inclination angle α1, so that the water guided from the flat tube 30 is easily drained also from the first spacer 250a. In the heat exchanger 200, water on the upper surface 33 and the lower surface 34 of the flat tube 30 is easily guided toward the first end edge 41 by the first spacer 250a. Compared with the heat exchanger 100, 100a, 100b according to Embodiment 1, the heat exchanger 200 therefore has an advantageous effect that the amount of water remaining on the upper surface 33 and the lower surface 34 of the flat tube 30 easily reduces. Further, the first spacer 250a is disposed in a region obtained by projecting the flat tube 30 in the longitudinal direction of the section of the flat tube 30, and is formed in such a manner that the flow of air passing across the first end edge 41 of the fin 240 is caused to flow to the upper surface 33 of the flat tube 30. No possibility consequently remains that ventilation properties of the heat exchanger 200 are impaired.
As long as at least one of the first spacer 250a and an opening port 251a is disposed between the imaginary line La and the imaginary line Lb, the heat exchanger 200 according to Embodiment 2 obtains an advantageous effect of draining water on the upper surface 33 of the flat tube 30.
A heat exchanger 300 according to Embodiment 3 is a heat exchanger obtained by changing the disposition of the second spacer 50b from that in the heat exchanger 100 according to Embodiment 1. The description of the heat exchanger 300 according to Embodiment 3 is made below mainly for points different from Embodiment 1. In the drawings, portions of the heat exchanger 300 according to Embodiment 3 having the same functions as those in Embodiment 1 are given the same reference signs as used in the drawings for describing Embodiment 1.
When the second spacer 350b is viewed from the first end edge 41, that is, when the second spacer 350b is viewed in a direction along which air flows into the heat exchanger 300 in
In the heat exchanger 300 according to Embodiment 3, the first spacer 50a may be disposed in the same manner as the heat exchanger 100, 100a, 100b of Embodiment 1, or the first spacer 250a may be disposed in the same manner as the heat exchanger 200 of Embodiment 2. Alternatively, the heat exchanger 300 may have a configuration in which only the second spacer 350b is provided to the fin 340.
In the heat exchanger 300 according to Embodiment 3, the second spacer 350b is disposed in the shielded region 345, so that intervals between the fins 340 are ensured without blocking the flow of air passing through the heat exchanger 300. The shielded region 345 below the flat tube 30 is a portion shielded by the flat tube 30 when the shielded region 345 is viewed from the upper stream of the flow of air, and is a region where the flow of air stagnates. Most of the flow of air passing through between the fins 340 passes through a region below the shielded region 345 and hence, the second spacer 350b does not significantly affect the flow of air passing through between the fins 340. The heat exchanger 300 therefore maintains the intervals between the fins 340 with high accuracy while ventilation properties are ensured. Further, in the same manner as Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, as the second spacer 350b is inclined in the same direction as the flat tube 30, drainage properties are high. In Embodiment 3, the inclination angle α2 of the second spacer 350b may be set to be greater than the inclination angle θ of the flat tube 30. The reason is as follows. In the case where air flows into the heat exchanger 300 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fin 340 as shown in
1 refrigeration cycle apparatus 2 fan 3 compressor 4 four-way valve 5 outdoor heat exchanger 6 expansion device 7 indoor heat exchanger 8 outdoor unit 9 indoor unit 10 (first) heat exchange part 20 (second) heat exchange part 30 flat tube 31 first end portion 32 second end portion 33 upper surface 34 lower surface 40 fin 41 first end edge 42 second end edge 43 intermediate region 44 cut-out portion
48 plate surface 50 spacer 50a first spacer 50b second spacer 51 opening port 52 contact portion 53 standing surface 53a standing surface 53b standing surface 60 header 61 header 62 header 90 refrigerant pipe 91 refrigerant pipe 92 refrigerant pipe 100 heat exchanger 100a heat exchanger 100b heat exchanger 100c heat exchanger 140 fin 148a plate surface 148b plate surface 150 spacer 150a spacer 150b spacer 151 opening port 153 standing surface 153a standing surface 153b standing surface 180 dotted line
200 heat exchanger 240 fin 241 first end edge 250a first spacer 251a opening port 300 heat exchanger 340 fin 343 intermediate region 345 shielded region 350b second spacer 1040 fin 1050a spacer 1050b spacer 1051a opening port 1051b opening port 1053a standing surface 1053b standing surface 1100 heat exchanger C arrow L1 imaginary line L2 imaginary line L3 imaginary line La imaginary line Lb imaginary line h drainage region α1 inclination angle
α2 inclination angle θ inclination angle
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/JP2018/022576 | 6/13/2018 | WO | 00 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2019/239520 | 12/19/2019 | WO | A |
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
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2915296 | Johnson | Dec 1959 | A |
4691768 | Obosu | Sep 1987 | A |
20050056407 | Oh | Mar 2005 | A1 |
20070295492 | Sharp | Dec 2007 | A1 |
20130284416 | Jindou et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
20130299153 | Jindou et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
20180372429 | Maeda et al. | Dec 2018 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
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107076526 | Aug 2017 | CN |
2725311 | Apr 2014 | EP |
H07-091873 | Apr 1995 | JP |
2008-170041 | Jul 2008 | JP |
2012-163317 | Aug 2012 | JP |
5177307 | Apr 2013 | JP |
5337402 | Nov 2013 | JP |
2014-035122 | Feb 2014 | JP |
2014-156990 | Aug 2014 | JP |
2017126019 | Jul 2017 | WO |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20210239409 A1 | Aug 2021 | US |