Heat exchanger system, fuel control system therefor and methods of making the same

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a new heat exchanger system and to a new fuel control system for such a heat exchanger system as well as to new methods of making such a heat exchanger system and such a fuel control system.
2. Prior Art Statement
It is known to provide a fuel control system for a heat exchanger system that comprises a thermostat, burner means, and electrically operated igniter means for igniting fuel that issues from the burner means, the fuel control system comprising electrical circuit means that comprises an ignition trial portion for operating the igniter means, a flame sense control portion for operating the burner means, and a timer portion adapted on each cycle of closing of the thermostat and before the next opening thereof to cause the ignition trial portion to tend to operate the igniter means for a first certain period of trial time, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate the operation of the igniter means during the first certain period of trial time if the flame sense portion senses that fuel issuing from the burner means has been ignited, the timer portion being adapted to terminate the operation of the igniter means upon the termination of the first certain period of trial time if no flames appear at the burner means and to provide a first certain period of wait time before causing the ignition trial portion to tend to operate the igniter means for a second certain period of trial time during that cycle, the flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate the operation of the igniter means during the second certain period of trial time if the flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from the burner means has been ignited, the timer portion comprising a counter having a plurality of outputs and a timer that clocks the output of the counter on each discharge of the timer, a capacitor for causing the timer to discharge and discharge the capacitor to a discharged condition thereof upon each charging of the capacitor to a certain voltage, trial time resistor means, and wait time resistor means, the counter when clocked to a first output thereof by the timer being adapted to place the trial time resistor means and the capacitor in series at the start of the first trial time period so that the trial time resistor means determines the time period the capacitor charges from its discharged condition to the certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises the first certain trial time period, the counter when clocked to a second output thereof by the timer being adapted to place the wait time resistor means and the capacitor in series at the start of the wait time period so that the wait time resistor means determines the time period the capacitor charges from the discharged condition thereof to the certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises the wait time period, the counter when clocked to a third output thereof by the timer being adapted to place the trial time resistor means and the capacitor in series at the start of the second trial time period so that the trial time resistor means determines the time period the capacitor charges from its discharged condition to the certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises the second certain trial time period. For example, see the U.S. Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431.
For similar fuel control systems, see the U.S. Pat. to Geary, Nos. 4,836,770; 4,856,983; 4,971,549 and 4,976,605.
Also see Chapter 8, pages 15514 173 of the book, IC Timer Hand Book With One Hundred Projects And Experiments by Joseph J. Carr, published by Tab Books Inc. in 1981 for various applications of such a counter.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is one of the features of this invention to provide a new fuel control system for a heat exchanger system of the type set forth in the aforementioned U.S. Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431.
In particular, it was found according to the teachings of this invention that the system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431 can be uniquely changed to eliminate a characteristic thereof, the characteristic being that in many instances the initial pilot combustion is unstable and will produce flame sense and then the flame sense signal may be reduced below the flame sense circuit threshold and cause a relay to be de-energized whereby on the next try for ignition, there will be a delay provided by the pre-purge time and if this pre-purge time is relatively long, this condition may continue for some time.
However, it was found according to the teachings of this invention that a transistor can be uniquely added in the system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431 to eliminate the above described characteristic thereof.
For example, one embodiment of this invention comprises a fuel control system for a heat exchanger system that comprises a thermostat, burner means, and electrically operated igniter means for igniting fuel that issues from the burner means, the fuel control system comprising electrical circuit means that comprises an ignition trial portion for operating the igniter means, a flame sense control portion for operating the burner means, and a timer portion adapted on each cycle of closing of the thermostat and before the next opening thereof to cause the ignition trial portion to tend to operate the igniter means for a first certain period of trial time, the flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate the operation of the igniter means during the first certain period of trial time if the flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from the burner means has been ignited, the timer portion being adapted to terminate the operation of the igniter means upon the termination of the first certain period of trial time if no flames appear at the burner means and to provide a first certain period of wait time before causing the ignition trial portion to tend to operate the igniter means for a second certain period of trial time during that cycle, the flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate the operation of the igniter means during the second certain period of trial time if the flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from the burner means has been ignited, the timer portion comprising a counter having a plurality of outputs and a timer that clocks the output of the counter on each discharge of the timer, a capacitor for causing the timer to discharge and discharge the capacitor to a discharged condition thereof upon each charging of the capacitor to a certain voltage, trial time resistor means, and wait time resistor means, the counter when clocked to a first output thereof by the timer being adapted to place the trial time resistor means and the capacitor in series at the start of the first trial time period so that the trial time resistor means determines the time period the capacitor charges from its discharged condition to the certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises the first certain trial time period, the counter when clocked to a second output thereof by the timer being adapted to place the wait time resistor means and the capacitor in series at the start of the wait time period so that the wait time resistor means determines the time period the capacitor charges from the discharged condition thereof to the certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises the wait time period, the counter when clocked to a third output thereof by the timer being adapted to place the trial time resistor means and the capacitor in series at the start of the second trial time period so that the trial time resistor means determines the time period the capacitor charges from its discharged condition to the certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises the second certain trial time period, the timer portion comprising a transistor operatively interconnected to the capacitor to discharge the capacitor and maintain the capacitor in the discharged condition thereof so that the counter cannot be clocked to the next output thereof as long as the transistor has electrical power supplied to the base thereof, the flame sense control portion having means to continuously supply electrical power to the base of the transistor as long as the flame sense control portion senses flame at the burner means before the lapsing of a respective trial time period and the thermostat remains closed during that cycle.
It was also found according to the teachings of this invention that the system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431 can be uniquely changed to eliminate another characteristic thereof, the characteristic comprising a momentary flame sense after a short pre-ignition delay when in fact there was not any flame at the burner means and this can occur if the control system was sensing flame and the electrical power was interrupted for a short period.
However, it was also found according to the teachings of this invention that the control transistor that is operatively interconnected to the field effect transistor to effectively ground or not ground the gate thereof as an alternating current if being applied to the base of the control transistor can be uniquely operated by having the thermostat apply the alternating current to the base thereof as long as the thermostat is closed.
For example, another embodiment of this invention comprises a fuel control system for a heat exchanger system that comprises a thermostat, burner means, and electrically operated igniter means for igniting fuel that issues from the burner means, the fuel control system comprising electrical circuit means that comprises an ignition trial portion for operating the igniter means, a flame sense control portion for operating the burner means, and a timer portion adapted on each cycle of closing of the thermostat and before the next opening thereof to cause the ignition trial portion to tend to operate the igniter means for a first certain period of trial time, the flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate the operation of the igniter means during the first certain period of trial time if the flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from the burner means has been ignited, the timer portion being adapted to terminate the operation of the igniter means upon the termination of the first certain period of trial time if no flames appear at the burner means and to provide a first certain period of wait time before causing the ignition trial portion to tend to operate the igniter means for a second certain period of trial time during that cycle, the flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate the operation of the igniter means during the second certain period of trial time if the flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from the burner means has been ignited, the timer portion comprising a counter having a plurality of outputs and a timer that clocks the output of the counter on each discharge of the timer, a capacitor for causing the timer to discharge and discharge the capacitor to a discharged condition thereof upon each charging of the capacitor to a certain voltage, trial time resistor means, and wait time resistor means, the counter when clocked to a first output thereof by the timer being adapted to place the trial time resistor means and the capacitor in series at the start of the first trial time period so that the trial time resistor means determines the time period the capacitor charges from its discharged condition to the certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises the first certain trial time period, the counter when clocked to a second output thereof by the timer being adapted to place the wait time resistor means and the capacitor in series at the start of the wait time period so that the wait time resistor means determines the time period the capacitor charges from the discharged condition thereof to the certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises the wait time period, the counter when clocked to a third output thereof by the timer being adapted to place the trial time resistor means and the capacitor in series at the start of the second trial time period so that the trial time resistor means determines the time period the capacitor charges from its discharged condition to the certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises the second certain trial time period, the flame sense control portion having a field effect transistor that has a gate that receives a negative voltage from a flame sensing at the burner means, and a control transistor having a base and being operatively interconnected to the field effect transistor to effectively ground or not ground the gate thereof as an alternating current is being applied to the base thereof, the thermostat applying the alternating current to the base of the control transistor as long as the thermostat is closed.
It was further found according to the teachings of this invention that the system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431 can be uniquely changed so that the timing capacitor thereof will not have the timings thereof significantly influenced by temperatures within the +20.degree. C. to -40.degree. C. range.
In particular, it was found according to the teachings of this invention that the 100 ohm resistor that is in series with the timing capacitor can be uniquely changed to a 1000 ohm resistor so that the percentage changes of the timings of the capacitor when operating in the +20.degree. C. to -40.degree. C. temperature range will be much lower than the manufacturer's ratings thereof so as to permit the use of a less expensive capacitor to perform the task of a much more expensive capacitor.
For example, another embodiment of this invention comprises a fuel control system for a heat exchange system that comprises a thermostat, burner means, and electrically operated igniter means for igniting fuel that issues from the burner means, the fuel control system comprising electrical circuit means that comprises an ignition trial portion for operating the igniter means, a flame sense control portion for operating the burner means, and a timer portion adapted on each cycle of closing of the thermostat and before the next opening thereof to cause the ignition trial portion to tend to operate the igniter means for a first certain period of trial time, the flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate the operation of the igniter means during the first certain period of trial time if the flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from the burner means has been ignited, the timer portion being adapted to terminate the operation of the igniter means upon the termination of the first certain period of trial time if no flames appear at the burner means and to provide a first certain period of wait time before causing the ignition trial portion to tend to operate the igniter means for a second certain period of trial time during that cycle, the flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate the operation of the igniter means during the second certain period of trial time if the flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from the burner means has been ignited, the timer portion comprising a counter having a plurality of outputs and a timer that clocks the output of the counter on each discharge of the timer, a capacitor for causing the timer to discharge and discharge the capacitor to a discharged condition thereof upon each charging of the capacitor to a certain voltage, trial time resistor means, and wait time resistor means, the counter when clocked to a first output thereof by the timer being adapted to place the trial time resistor means and the capacitor in series at the start of the first trial time period so that the trial time resistor means determines the time period the capacitor charges from its discharged condition to the certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises the first certain trial time period, the counter when clocked to a second output thereof by the timer being adapted to place the wait time resistor means and the capacitor in series at the start of the wait time period so that the wait time resistor means determines the time period the capacitor charges from the discharged condition thereof to the certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises the wait time period, the counter when clocked to a third output thereof by the timer being adapted to place the trial time resistor means and the capacitor in series at the start of the second trial time period so that the trial time resistor means determines the time period the capacitor charges from its discharged condition to the certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises the second certain trial time period, the timer portion having a 1000 ohm resistor in series with the capacitor.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide a new heat exchanger system having one or more of the novel features of this invention as set forth above or herein after shown or described.
Another object of this invention is to provide a new method of making such a heat exchanger system, the method of this invention having one or more of the novel features of this invention as set forth above or hereinafter shown or described.
Another object of this invention is to provide a new fuel control system for such a heat exchanger system, the fuel control system of this invention having one or more of the novel features of this invention as set forth above or hereinafter shown or described.
Another object of this invention is to provide a new method of making such a fuel control system, the method of this invention having one or more of the novel features of this invention as set forth above or hereinafter shown or described.

Other objects, uses and advantages of this invention are apparent from a reading of this description which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof and wherein:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating how FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E and 2F are to be positioned relative to each other in order to illustrate the entire heat exchanger system of this invention as well as the entire fuel control system of this invention.
FIG. 2A illustrates part of the heat exchanger system and part of the fuel control system of this invention.
FIG. 2B illustrates part of the heat exchanger system and part of the fuel control system of this invention.
FIG. 2C illustrates part of the heat exchanger system and part of the fuel control system of this invention.
FIG. 2D illustrates part of the heat exchanger system and part of the fuel control system of this invention.
FIG. 2E illustrates part of the heat exchanger system and part of the fuel control system of this invention.
FIG. 2F illustrates part of the heat exchanger system and part of the fuel control system of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
While the various features of this invention are hereinafter illustrated and described as being particularly adapted to provide a fuel control system for controlling the operation of a spark intermittent pilot arrangement, it is to be understood that the various features of this invention can be utilized singly or in various combinations thereof to provide a fuel control system for other ignition arrangements as desired, such as for a direct spark ignition arrangement, a hot surface intermittent pilot arrangement, a direct hot surface ignition means, etc.
Therefore, this invention is not to be limited to only the embodiment illustrated in the drawings, because the drawings are merely utilized to illustrate one of the wide variety of uses of this invention.
Since the various features of this invention comprise changes in the system disclosed in the aforementioned U.S. Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431, the same reference numerals of Pat. No. 5,141,431 are being utilized in this patent application where appropriate to facilitate comparison therebetween. However, the differences provided by this invention will be hereinafter set forth.
Referring now to the drawings, the new heat exchanger control system of this invention is generally indicated by the reference numeral 20 and comprises the structure illustrated in FIGS. 2A-2F that are to be placed together in the manner illustrated in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger fuel control system 20 being utilized to control the operation of a gas burning furnace that is represented by the reference numeral 21 in FIGS. 2C and having a combustion chamber as represented by the reference numeral 22 in FIG. 2C.
As illustrated in FIG. 2C, the system 20 of this invention comprises a pilot burner means 23 that issues fuel therefrom that is directed thereto from a fuel source conduit means 24 when an electrically operated pilot valve means 25 is opened. Similarly, a main burner means 26 is provided and is adapted to issue fuel therefrom that is directed thereto from a fuel source conduit 27 when an electrically operated main valve means 28 is opened, the fuel issuing from the main burner means 26 to be ignited by the flames of the burning fuel issuing from the pilot burner means 23 so that the burning fuel issuing from the main burner means 26 will heat the combustion chamber 22 in a manner well known in the furnace art for supplying heated air to a desired location or locations when a thermostat that is generally indicated by the reference numeral 29 in FIG. 2B determines that the furnace 21 should supply such heated air.
Of course, when the thermostat 29 is disposed in the open condition as illustrated in FIG. 2C, the system 20 prevents any fuel from issuing from the main burner means 26 as well as from the pilot burner means 23 as will be apparent hereinafter. The thermostat 29 is schematically illustrated in FIG. 2B as having a movable switch blade 30 that is electrically interconnected to one side 31 of an alternating current source AC, such as that commonly supplied by a transformer that delivers 24 volts AC. The switch blade 30 is adapted to be moved into electrical contact with a fixed contact 32 when the thermostat 29 senses a temperature below the set point temperature of the thermostat so as to demand heat from the furnace 21 all in a manner well known in the art.
The heat exchanger system 20 of this invention comprises a fuel control system of this invention that is generally indicated by the reference numeral 33 in FIGS. 2A-2F and comprises an electrical circuit means that is generally indicated by the reference numeral 34 in FIGS. 2A-2F.
The electrical circuit means 34 has a terminal E7, FIG. 2B, that is adapted to be interconnected to the fixed contact 32 of the thermostat 29 by an electrical lead 35 whereby the alternating current source AC from the transformer that is electrically interconnected to the switch blade 30 of the thermostat 29 is adapted to be interconnected to the circuit means 34 when the thermostat 29 is in a closed condition so as to power the electrical circuit means 34 all in a manner well known in the art and as fully illustrated by the electrical lines set forth in FIGS. 2A-2F whereby the individual electrical lines and their interconnection need not be fully set forth as the same are obvious from the drawings.
In addition, it can be seen from the drawings that the various components of the electrical circuit means of this invention are respectively given reference characters that are common in the art to represent the component, such as C for a capacitor, R for a resistor, D for a diode, Q for a transistor, SCR, etc., with each capital letter thus being followed by a numerical number to distinguish that particular reference letter from the others of a similar component. Therefore, only the components believed necessary to fully understand the various features of this invention will be hereinafter specifically mentioned.
The electrical circuit means 34 as illustrated in FIG. 2B comprises two terminals E3 and E8 which are adapted to be respectively interconnected to terminals 36 and 37 of a control valve unit that is generally indicated by the reference numeral 38 and has a first electrical coil means 39 for causing the pilot valve means 25 to open when electrical current flows through the coil means 39 and a second coil means 40 for causing the main valve means 28 to open when an electrical current flows through the coil means 40 all in a manner well known in the art. For example, see the U.S. Pat. to Kelly, No. 4,610,269, which discloses such a control valve unit whereby this U.S. patent is being incorporated into this disclosure by this reference thereto.
Thus, it can be seen in FIG. 2B that the lead 35 from the contact 32 of the thermostat 29 interconnects with a lead means 41 of the electrical circuit means 34 which is interconnected to one side of a capacitor C16, FIG. 2E, while the other side of the capacitor C16 is interconnected by a lead 42 to a ground lead means 43 of the circuit means 34 as illustrated.
The lead 41 from the thermostat 29 is also interconnected to a lead means 44 of the circuit means 34 which is interconnected to a contact 1 of normally open relay contact means K1B and to a contact 1 of normally open relay contact means K2B. The other contacts 3 of the normally open relay contact means K1B and K2B are respectively interconnected by lead means 45 and 46 of the electrical circuit means 34 to the terminals E3 and E8 and, thus, respectively to one side of the coil means 39 and 40 of the control valve unit 38 which has the other sides thereof interconnected to ground as illustrated in FIG. 2B.
In this manner, when the thermostat 29 is in a closed condition and a relay coil K1A, FIG. 2E, is energized in a manner hereinafter set forth, the relay contacts K1B close and thereby interconnect the power source lead 41 of the circuit means 34 to the coil means 39 which will cause the pilot control valve means 25 to open so that fuel can issue from the pilot burner means 23.
Similarly, when an electrical current is caused to flow through a relay coil means K2A, FIG. 2F, in a manner hereinafter set forth, the normally open relay contact means K2B close and thereby electrically interconnect the power source lead means 41 of the electrical circuit means 34 to the terminal E8 and thus permit current to flow through the coil 40 and thereby cause the main burner valve means 28 to open and permit fuel to issue from the main burner means 26.
The closing of the normally open contacts K2B upon the energizing of the coil K2A also causes the power source lead means 41 to be connected to a base 2 of a transistor Q10, FIG. 2D, through a lead means 46' that is interconnected to the lead means 46 at one end thereof and to the lead means 43 at the other end thereof, the lead means 46' having resistors R36 and R37 therein and being interconnected to the base 2 of the transistor Q10 by a branch lead means 46" that interconnects to the lead means 46' intermediate the resistors R36 and R37.
The use of the transistor Q10 in the system 20 of this invention is a feature of this invention that will be hereinafter described, the system of the aforementioned Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431 not having such transistor Q10 nor its lead means 46'.
The electrical circuit means 34 has a terminal E1, FIG. 2C, that is interconnected to a terminal 49 of a probe 50 that is adapted to spark across a gap 51 to a ground probe 52 when a sparking potential is applied to the terminal E1 by a lead means 53 that is interconnected to the side 2 of a secondary coil 54 of a transformer T1 that is energized in a manner hereinafter set forth.
The electrical circuit means 34 comprises a terminal E2, FIG. 2C, that is interconnected to a lead 55 of the electrical circuit means 34 and to a terminal 56 of a flame sensing probe 57 that is adapted to sense flame means at the pilot burner means 23 through flame rectification and thereby apply a negative potential through resistors R4, R20 and R24 to the gate 3 of a field effect transistor Q6 of FIG. 2F for a purpose hereinafter set forth.
In general, the electrical circuit means 34 of this invention can be divided into various portions thereof which, of course, are operatively interconnected together as illustrated but have separate functions.
In particular, the electrical circuit means 34 has a timer portion that is generally indicated by the reference numeral 58 and generally comprises the part of the circuit means 34 that is illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2D.
The electrical circuit means 34 has an ignition trial portion that is generally indicated by the reference numeral 59 in FIG. 2E.
The electrical circuit means 34 has a flame sense control portion that is generally indicated by the reference numeral 60 in FIG. 2F.
In addition, the electrical circuit means 34 has an ignition portion that is generally indicated by the reference numeral 61 in FIG. 2C for causing sparking across the spark gap 51.
The ignition portion 61 of the electrical circuit means 34 when utilizing the remote sense probe 57 as illustrated in the drawings has the terminal 56 interconnected to the lead 55 through the terminal E2 and, thus, through the resistor R4 to a lead means 69. The side 1 of the secondary winding 54 of the transformer T1 is interconnected to a ground lead means 43' by the jumper W1 that does not have the resistor R5 therein nor the varistor VT1 whereby the jumper W1 and the resistor R4 are removed and the parts R5 and VT1 are utilized in the ignition portion 61 when the sparking probe 50 is to be utilized as a local flame sense probe thus interconnecting a lead means 62 to the lead means 69 through the resistor R5 and the line 62 to the line 43' through the varistor VT1. Therefore, the parts R5 and VT1 in FIG. 2C are indicated as being in an option box 63 which is only inserted in the electrical circuit means 34 when a local flame sense is to be utilized but since the system 20 of this invention will be described as operating with the remote sense probe 57, the parts R5 and VT1 of the box 63 are removed and the line 62 goes directly to the line 43' through the jumper W1 and the line 55 interconnects to the line 69 through the resistor R4.
The timing portion 58 of the electrical circuit means 34 comprises an IC timer U2, a decade IC counter U1, a capacitor C13, a prepurge resistor means R10, a trial time resistor means R9 and a wait-time resistor means R8 all arranged in a manner hereinafter set forth so that the resistor means R10, R9 and R8 are each adapted to be disposed in series with the capacitor C13 to provide different time periods for the systems 20 and 33 as will be apparent hereinafter.
The timer portion 58 illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2D is arranged so that on each cycle of operation of the thermostat 29 where the switchblade 30 is moved from an open condition thereof to a closed condition against the contact 32 and remains closed until subsequently opened to terminate that one cycle of operation thereof, to initially provide a prepurge wait-time period before the ignition trial portion 59 attempts to have an ignition cycle of operation. The timer portion 58 is then adapted to provide a first ignition trial period for a certain period of time and, if the flame sense control portion 60 of the circuit means 34 does not detect a flame means, the timer portion 58 will cause the ignition trial portion 59 to terminate its operation and then wait for the lapsing of a particular wait-time period before the ignition trial portion 59 is again energized in an attempt to provide an ignition.
During each cycle of operation of the thermostat 29, the timer portion 58 of the circuit means 34 is adapted to try for four ignition trials each with a wait-time period between each of the four trials and then after the fourth ignition trial period, and, if the timer portion 58 is not arranged for a lockout option, the timer portion 58 will wait for twice the wait-time period before again having a trial ignition period and then go through three more of those trial ignition periods with intervening wait-time periods before again waiting for twice the wait-time period before repeating that cycle of operation over and over again as long as that thermostat 29 is in its closed condition for that particular cycle of operation thereof.
However, when the thermostat 29 opens, the timer portion 58 of the electrical circuit means 34 is reset so that upon the next closing of the thermostat 29, the timer portion 58 will provide a prepurge wait-time period if such option has been provided and then provide the ignition trial times and intervening wait periods as previously described until ignition is sensed by the flame sense control portion 60 because once the flame sense control portion 60 senses a flame at the pilot burner means 23, the flame sense control portion 60 will cause the timer portion 58, the ignition trial portion 59 and the igniter portion 61 to cease the operation thereof until the next cycle of operation of the thermostat 29 as will be apparent hereinafter.
With the circuit means 34 being in the condition illustrated in the drawings, it can be seen that on the initial closing of the thermostat 29, the now energized power lead means 41 is interconnected by a lead means 64 through a diode D16, a resistor R12, a diode D27 and a resistor R19 to the collector 3 of a transistor Q7, to the input 8 of the timer U2 and through a lead means 64' to the input 14 of the counter U1 which is turned on by the current now reaching the input 14 thereof. The turned on counter U1 now inter connects current to the output Q0 which leads to a diode D12 and through a diode D13 and the resistor means R10 to a lead means 65 that leads to the positive side of the capacitor C13 that has the negative side thereof interconnected by a lead means 65" to the ground lead means 43 as illustrated.
Thus, the diode D16 is always connected to the lead means 41 to be powered as long as the thermostat 29' is closed whereas, in contrast, the diode D16 of the aforementioned Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431, is connected to contact 4 of the relay contact means K2C and is, therefore, powered only as long as the thermostat 29 and the relay contacts K2C are closed.
In general, the ignition trial portion 59, the flame sense control portion 60 and the ignition portion 61 of the electrical circuit means 34 of the system 20 are similar to such portions of the electrical circuit means of the U.S. patents to Geary, Nos. 4,836,770; 4,856,983; 4,971,549; 4,976,605 and 5,141,431 whereby these five U.S. patents are being incorporated into this disclosure by this reference thereto.
Also, since the structure and operation of the IC timer U2 and IC counter U1 are well known and are respectively disclosed in chapters 514 7 and chapter 8 of the aforementioned book, IC Timer Handbook that was published in 1981 by Tab Books, Inc., these four chapters are also being incorporated into this disclosure by this reference thereto.
As is well known from the aforementioned five U.S. patents to Geary, a transistor Q3 of the ignition trial portion 59 is a field effect transistor which is always conducting between its pins 1 and 2 if it does not have a negative voltage impressed upon its gate 3. However, as soon as a negative voltage is impressed upon the gate 3 of the transistor Q3, the transistor Q3 goes into a nonconducting status just like opening a switch so that the voltage felt on its drain or pin 1 goes up to the applied voltage which is fed thereto from the lead means 41, a lead means 41', a diode D17 and a resistor R15. When that negative voltage is removed from the gate 3 of the transistor Q3, the transistor Q3 begins to conduct again so that the voltage on pin 1 thereof drops to a very low level. In this manner, by putting a negative voltage on the gate 3 of the transistor Q3, the voltage on the drain or pin 1 of the transistor Q3 can raise and then by removing this negative voltage on the gate 3 of the transistor Q3, the voltage on the pin 1 drops back down to a very low value.
The above cycling action of the transistor Q3 is a dynamic change and the ignition trial portion 59 of the circuit means 34 responds to this dynamic change. However, in order to continuously apply a negative voltage and then remove that negative voltage from the gate 3 of the transistor Q3, a transistor Q8 is provided in the ignition trial portion 59 and has its collector 3 electrically interconnected to the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 through a lead means 67 while the gate 2 of the transistor Q8 is interconnected between the power source lead means 41' and the ground lead means 43 by a lead means 66 as illustrated in FIG. 2D.
A negative voltage is adapted to be imposed on the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 by the lead means 67 of the electrical circuit means 34 in a manner hereinafter set forth.
Thus, every time the AC cycle that is imposed on the gate 2 of the transistor Q8 by the lead means 66 goes below ground, it turns the transistor Q8 on and thereby dumps the negative voltage signal on the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 to ground so that the transistor Q3 begins to conduct again. As soon as the negative half cycle of the AC signal imposed on the gate 2 of the transistor Q8 by the lead means 66 comes back to zero and begins in its positive direction, the transistor Q8 stops conducting and the negative voltage then can be reapplied to the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 through the lead means 67 in a manner hereinafter set forth so that the transistor Q3 can go into its nonconducting state, i.e., it turns off and no longer conducts. So essentially, by putting a negative halfway cycle into the transistor Q8, the same is creating a square wave signal out of the transistor Q3, i.e., the transistor Q3 is either on/off, on/off, etc. so that the transistor Q3 is off every time the negative half of the AC cycle is applied to the gate 2 of the transistor Q8 and the transistor Q3 is on or conducts every time that negative half of the AC cycle is taken away.
In this manner, when a negative voltage is permitted to be applied to the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 so that the transistor Q3 does not conduct, a capacitor C5 charges up from the ground lead means 43, through a diode D33 and through a resistor R15, a diode D17 and the lead mens 41' to the power source lead 41 whereby the capacitor C5 is charged on the positive half of the AC cycle that is applied to the gate 2 of the transistor QS. However, when the negative half cycle comes along and turns on the transistor Q8 which removes the negative voltage from the gate 3 of the transistor Q3, the transistor Q3 goes into a conducting state and, therefore, capacitor C5 is practically placed to ground so that capacitor C5 will have to discharge and its discharge is through the cathode of a gate terminal 2 of a SCR Q4 back to the ground lead means 43 and up through pin 2 of the transistor Q3 and pin 1 of the transistor Q3 to the positive side of the capacitor C5. In this manner, the capacitor C5 has been able to charge on the positive half cycle of the AC signal and then on the negative half cycle of the AC signal the capacitor C5 is allowed to discharge in a way that will turn on the SCR Q4.
The SCR Q4 is a similar type circuit in that it allows a capacitor C6 to also charge on the positive half cycle and this charge takes place through the diode D33, a diode D30 and the negative side of the capacitor C6 through a resistor R33 and the three series diodes D24, D21 and D18 and the lead means 41' to the power source lead means 41.
Thus, assume that the capacitor C5 and the capacitor C6 charge on the positive half cycle. Then on the negative half cycle, the capacitor C5 discharges and turns on the SCR Q4 and when the SCR Q4 turns on, the SCR Q4 practically shorts the capacitor C6 to pin 1 of the SCR Q4. The capacitor C6 then discharges through a diode D28, a capacitor C11 and a resistor R25 back to the positive side of the capacitor C6 so all of the energy that is in the capacitor C6 is transferred over to the capacitor Cll. This energy is enough to pull in or energize the relay coil K1A and hold it in or energized in the remainder of the cycle while the SCR Q4 is turned off and recharging. The relay coil K1A will still be held in during the recharging of the SCR Q4 because of the discharging of the capacitor Cll through the relay coil K1A during such recharging.
In this manner, the ignition trial portion 59 is adapted to charge the capacitors thereof up on the positive half cycle of the AC signal in lead means 66 and to discharge the capacitors during the negative half cycle of that AC signal so that the relay coil K1A will be continuously energized. However, if at any time should any component of the ignition trial portion 59 of the electrical circuit means 34 be open or short, the relay coil K1A will not pull in.
So in essence, the ignition trial portion 59 is arranged so that a negative signal coming in on the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 will be continually dumped by the transistor Q8 at a 60-cycle rate that will pull in or energize in the relay coil K1A.
When the relay coil K1A is pulled in or energized in the above manner, the energized relay coil K1A closes the normally open relay contact means K1B for a purpose hereinafter set forth and when the relay coil means K1A is subsequently deenergized, the relay contact means K1B open (the relay contact means K1C not being utilized in the systems 20 and 33).
The flame sense control portion 60 of the electrical circuit means 34 is substantially identical to the ignition trial portion 59 in that a transistor Q9 in a cycling manner connects and disconnects a lead means 68 for a gate 3 of a field effect transistor Q6 to ground and not to ground so that if the flame sensor or probe 57 is sensing flame at the pilot burner means 23, a negative voltage created through flame rectification will be applied from probe 57 through lead means 55, the lead means 69 and a lead means 70 to the gate 3 of the transistor Q6 and be taken away from the gate 3 of the transistor Q6 in a cycling manner to cause the transistor Q6 to cycle a SCR Q5 on and off and thus allow the relay coil K2A to be energized or be pulled in in the same manner as the relay coil K1A previously described. However, the power source lead means 41' is interconnected through a resistor R17 to the base 2 of the transistor Q9 by a branch lead means 41" and comprises one feature of this invention as will be hereinafter described whereas in contrast the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431 has the base 2 of the transistor Q9 interconnected through the resistor R17 to the lead 45 that is only powered if the relay contacts K1B are closed whereas the lead means 41' and, thus, the lead means 41 is powered when the thermostat 29 is closed.
The pulling in or energizing of the relay coil K2A will cause the relay contacts K2B to close (the relay contact means K2C not being utilized in the systems 20 and 33).
Since the timing portion 58 of the electrical circuit means 34 initially applies the negative voltage to the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 through the line 67 in a manner hereinafter set forth and should the flame sense control portion 60 sense a flame at the pilot burner means 23 to terminate the operation of the timer portion 58 as will be apparent hereinafter so as to terminate a signal in the lead means 67 from the timer portion 58, the flame sense control portion 60 has one side of the relay coil K2A interconnected by a diode D25 and through a resistor R15 to the lead 67 for the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 by a lead means 71. In this manner, a feedback of negative voltage is taken from the relay coil K2A and fed back to the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 so that as long as there is a flame sense, the negative voltage across the relay coil K2A will maintain the relay coil K1A energized so as to maintain pilot gas flow to the pilot burner means 23.
The ignition portion 61 of the electrical circuit means 34 comprises an auto transformer T2 that will generate about 120 volts output when 24 volts are applied to its primary and that occurs when the power lead means 41 is interconnected to a lead means 72 by the closing of the relay contact means K1B. This voltage from the auto transformer T2 is utilized to supply voltage to a capacitor C1 and when this voltage across the capacitor C1 charges up to a level of about 105 volts DC, a breakover device Q1 turns on and becomes a short circuit causing the capacitor C1 to discharge through the primary coil 73, terminals 3 and 4, of the high voltage transformer T1. This transforms over to the secondary coil 54 and generates a high voltage ignition spark across the gap 51 of the electrodes 50 and 52 to attempt to light fuel issuing from the pilot burner means 23 which has its control valve means 25 opened as the closing of the relay contacts K1B has energized the coil 39. If the fuel issuing from the pilot burner means 23 does light, then the flame sense control portion 60 will sense such flame in the manner previously set forth and energize the relay coil K2A which closes normally open relay contact means K2B to energize the main fuel valve means coil 40 to open the main valve means 28 so that fuel can issue out of the main burner means 26 to be ignited by the flames at the pilot burner means 23 in a manner well known in the art.
When the relay contacts K2B close, voltage is supplied to a voltage divider R3 and R7, FIG. 2C, that turns a SCR Q2 on. When the SCR Q2 is turned on, the lower part of a voltage divider R1 and R2 is essentially tied to ground because of the ground lead means 43' of the ignition portion 61 so as to form a voltage divider which prevents 105 volts from ever building up to be able to trigger Q1. Thus, this in effect, is a turning off of the sparking at the electrodes 50, 52 when the main burner valve means 28 has been pulled in and is delivering fuel to the main burner means 26.
Therefore, the ignition portion 61 of the electrical circuit means 34 when having voltage applied to the auto transformer T2, charges up the capacitor C1 and breaks over at the breakover device Q1 to get spark across the gap 51 and such sparking continues at a certain rate, such as sparking across the gap 51 four times a second, until flame is actually sensed by the probe 57 to cause the main valve means 28 to pull in and energize the SCR Q2 to stop such sparking.
The timer portion 58 of the electrical circuit means 34 has a lead means 73 interconnected to a diode D15 which leads to the trial time resistor means R9. Similarly, a lead means 74 of the timer portion 58 of the electrical circuit means 34 interconnects to the wait time resistor means R8 through a diode D14, the resistors R8, R9 and R10 each being interconnected to the lead means 65 that leads to the positive side of the capacitor C13 through the resistor R21.
The resistor R21 of the system 20 comprises a 1,000 ohm resistor whereas in contrast the resistor R21 of the system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431 comprises a 100 ohm resistor, the feature of this invention for changing the resistor R21 to a 1,000 ohm resistor being hereinafter set forth.
Diodes D11, D9, D7 and D5 of the timer portion 58 of the electrical circuit means 34 respectively interconnect the outputs Q1, Q3, Q5 and Q7 of the counter U1 to the lead means 73 while the diodes D10, D8, D6, D4 and D3 respectively interconnect the outputs Q2, Q4, Q6, Q8 and Q9 of the counter U1 to the diode D14.
The lead means 65 of the timer portion 58 of the electrical circuit means 34 is interconnected to the discharge port 7 of the timer U2 by a lead means 65' and the output port 3 of the timer U2 is interconnected by a lead means 75 to the input 13 of the counter U1 whereby each time the capacitor C13 discharges the timer U2, the timer U2 through the output port 3 thereof and lead means 75 clocks the counter U1 to cause the same to go to the next output port thereof as will be hereinafter set forth, the counter U1 resetting to the output port Q0 thereof each time current is removed from the input 14 thereof and then reapplied in a manner well known in the art.
The collector 3 of the transistor Q10 is connected to the lead means 65' and the emitter 1 of the transistor Q10 is connected to the ground lead means 43 by a lead means 65'".
Therefore, with the electrical circuit means 34 disposed in the condition illustrated in the drawings and then the thermostat 29 closes, the switchblade 30 applies 24 volts to the terminal E7 which can be called the transformer hot terminal. The 24 volts is applied through the power lead means 41, lead means 64, diode D16, resistor means R12, lead means 64' and a lead means 78 to the input port 14 of the counter U1 to activate the counter U1 and set it to apply an electrical signal out of the output Q0 thereof. In addition, when the voltage is applied to the counter U1 through the lead means 78, the voltage causes two capacitors C2 and C3 to charge up and develop a voltage across resistor R6 which results in a reset pulse to make sure that the counter U1 starts its output at position Q0. The reason there are two capacitors C2 and C3 is for redundancy so that if one capacitor C2 or C3 opens, the other capacitor C3 or C2 will be sufficient to reset the counter U1 at the reset point 15 as illustrated. Thus, when the counter U1 has been reset, the voltage appearing at the input point 14 will be applied by the counter U1 out of the output Q0 thereof in a manner hereinafter set forth.
The 24 volts that is applied through the diode D16 is applied across a capacitor C9, FIG. 2D, that is interconnected to the lead means 64 by a lead means 79. The voltage applied across capacitor C9 is applied through the resistor R12 in line 64 and develops a regulated voltage across a zener diode Z1 in a lead means 80 and this regulated voltage is approximately 12 volts. This regulated voltage is applied to the port 14 of the counter U1, to the timer U2 and to the collector 3 of a transistor Q7 by a lead means 80'.
When the counter U1 is set at the output Q0 thereof by the initial closing of the thermostat 29, voltage is applied by the output Q0 of the counter U1 through the diodes D12 and D13 to one end of the prepurge resistor means R10. This resistor means R10 is used only once during the entire time that the thermostat 29 is closed on a cycle thereof, i.e., each time the thermostat 29 closes, the resistor means R10 will only be utilized once as long as that thermostat 29 remains closed in that one cycle thereof.
The resistor means R10 is a prepurge resistor means and if the system 20 is to be a nonprepurge system, the resistance value of the resistor R10 is very low so as to permit the capacitor C13 through line 65 to charge up very fast so that there is virtually no wait time provided by a low resistor means R10. However, if the system 20 is to be a prepurge system, then the value of the resistor R10 could be relatively large so as to cause the charging up of the capacitor C13 to be a relatively long time, such as 30 seconds, in order to provide a 30-second prepurge option time period for the system 20. At the end of the 30-second charging time for the capacitor C13, the capacitor C13 will have reached its fully charged condition and then breakover so that the timer U2 will trigger because the discharge port 7 of the timer U2 is interconnected to the lead means 65 adjacent the juncture with the resistor R21 that leads to the positive side of the capacitor C13. When the timer U2 is triggered by the breaking over of the capacitor C13, the timer U2 through the lead means 75 momentarily grounds the port 13 of the counter U1 which takes the voltage off of the output Q0 and applies it to the output Q1. Simultaneously, the timer U2 discharges the capacitor C13 so it will be set to start to recharge from a lower level or condition thereof.
When the counter U1 has the voltage clocked to the output Q1 thereof, that voltage at the output Q1 is applied through diode D11 and lead means 73 to the anode of the diode D15 and goes through the diode D15 to one end of the resistor means R9 which has its other end interconnected to the lead means 65 to again cause the capacitor C13 to begin charging thereof. This charging of the capacitor C13 is to provide a first trial time period for attempting ignition at the pilot burner means 23. In general, this trial for ignition period is normally kept below a 90-second maximum but any time period can be provided depending upon the selection of the value of the resistor R9.
During this first ignition trial time, it can be seen that the voltage applied to the line means 73 through the diode D11 from the output Q1 of the counter U1 is also applied through a diode D23 and a resistor R18 in a lead means 81 to the base 2 of the transistor Q7. Previously, when the thermostat 29 initially closed, the capacitor C10 was charged up through a diode D32, resistor R19, a diode 27, lead means 80', lead means 80 and lead means 64 to approximately 12 volts, which is the voltage of the zener diode Z1 minus a couple of diode drops. As soon as the transistor Q7 is turned on by having the voltage applied to the base 2 thereof, the positive terminal of the capacitor C10 is grounded so that a voltage is fed into resistor R23 in lead means 67 which is negative as opposed to ground so that the voltage going into the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 is a negative voltage because of the fact that the system charged the capacitor C10 up and proved that it could be charged and then the turning on of the transistor Q7 causes the capacitor C10 to discharge through the voltage divider R23, R27 and apply negative voltage to the gate 3 of the transistor Q3. As previously described, when a negative voltage is applied to the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 and the transistor Q8 is turned on and off by the AC signal applied thereto from lead means 66, current will flow through the coil K1A and thereby pull in the pilot valve 25 so that the pilot valve 25 will permit fuel to flow from the source conduit 24 out of the pilot burner means 23.
In particular, at the same time that the current flows through the coil K1A, the energized coil K1A causes the normally opened relay contact means K1B to close to cause the pulling in of the pilot burner valve 25 in the manner previously described and to apply voltage to the auto transformer T2 through the line 72 which causes sparking across the gap 51 of the electrodes 50 and 52 also in the manner previously set forth.
The timer U2 is so constructed and arranged that when the voltage on pin 6 thereof becomes equal to two-thirds of the applied voltage, the timer U2 will turn on. As the voltage is applied to the positive side of the capacitor C13: the capacitor C13 will charge and it will charge at a time rate determined by the resistance R10, R9 or R8 that is in series with the capacitor C13. When the charge on the capacitor C13 gets to two-thirds of the applied voltage, which in this case is 8 volts that has been determined by the zener diode Z1 which is a 12 volt zener diode so that two-thirds of 12 is 8 volts, the capacitor C13 causes the timer U2 to turn on.
When the capacitor C13 reaches 8 volts and turns on the timer U2, the turned on timer U2 rapidly discharges the capacitor C13 through the resistor R21 and momentarily grounds the lead means 65. When the capacitor C13 gets discharged to a point of one-third of the applied voltage, which is 4 volts in this case, the capacitor C13 turns the timer U2 back on and allows it to retime. In the meantime, the output of the timer U2, which is the pin 3 thereof, is momentarily dropped to ground and this ground signal is put into the pin 13 of the counter U1 which is the now clock input. In other words, when the timer U2 thus triggers the counter U1, the counter U1 changes its output from one output to a different output.
However, if during this first trial ignition period the sparking at the spark gap 51 does ignite the fuel issuing from the pilot burner means 23, the probe 57 senses such flame and through flame rectification causes a negative voltage to be applied to the gate 3 of the transistor Q6 which is cycled on and off by the transistor Q9 so as to cause the relay coil K2A to be energized. This energizing of the relay coil K2A causes the normally open relay contacts K2B to close and interconnect the power lead means 41 to the lead means 46 and 46'. Interconnecting the power lead means 41 to the lead means 46' that is interconnected to the base 2 of the transistor Q10 through the lead means 46" causes the transistor Q10 to be energized and, thus, discharge the capacitor C13 before the counter U1 can be incremented to the next state thereof. As long as the relay contacts K2B remain closed, the transistor Q10 remains energized and the capacitor C13 cannot be charged so that, in effect, the operation of the timer portion 58 of the electrical circuit means 34 is terminated for that particular burner cycle, i.e., as long as the thermostat 29 remains closed. This action not only, in effect, turns off the timer U2 and the counter U1, but also removes the charging of the capacitor C10 so that the energizing of the relay coil K1A would cease. However, because of the feedback of negative voltage from the now energized relay coil K2A through diode D25, lead means 71 and resistor R14, the negative voltage remains on the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 so that the continuing to turn on and off transistor Q8 maintains the energization of the relay coil K1A and, thus, the continuing of the fuel to flow out of the pilot burner means 23. The energizing of the coil K2A pulls in the main burner valve means 28 because the now closed relay contact means K2B interconnects the power source lead means 44 to the coil 40 of the control unit 38 whereby the main valve means 28 interconnects the fuel source conduit 27 to the main burner means 26. The flow of fuel from the main burner means 26 will now be ignited by the flames from the now continuously operating pilot burner means 23.
Also, when the relay coil K2A is energized and closes the relay contact means K2B, the closed contact means K2B supplies voltage to the voltage divider R3 and R7 which turns on the SCR Q2. When the SCR Q2 is turned on, the voltage divider R1 and R2 is now connected to the ground lead means 43' through the turned on SCR Q1 which prevents 105 volts from ever building up again to trigger off Q1 so that no further sparking will take place at the spark gap 51 during the time the relay coil K2A is energized.
In this manner, the coils K1A, K2A, 39 and 40 remain energized as long as the probe 57 continues to sense flame whereby the timer portion 58, the trial ignition portion 59 and the ignition portion 61 of the electrical circuit means are effectively turned off to be ready for a new cycle of operation thereof once the thermostat 29 subsequently opens after being heat satisfied and then recloses on a demand for heat.
However, assume that during the first trial time period previously described that the gas issuing from the pilot burner means 23 does not ignite. Therefore, the capacitor C13 is continuing to be charged under the control of the resistor R9 until it is charged to its 8 volt point. At this time, the capacitor C13 discharges the timer U2 which in turn not only dumps the charge on the capacitor C13 to about 4 volts, but also the timer U2 temporarily grounds the input port 13 of the counter U1 to cause the same to change to its output Q2 which removes the voltage from the lead means 73 and places it on the lead means 74 through the diode D10. Thus, the voltage is removed from the line 81 and, thus, from the base 2 of the transistor Q7 so that the transistor Q7 turns off and immediately causes the capacitor C10 to recharge so the voltage is removed from the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 to remove the current from the relay coil K1A and, thus, close the pilot gas valve 25 so that fuel ceases to flow from the pilot burner 23. The removal of current from the relay coil K1A causes the contacts K1B to reopen and remove the voltage from the auto transformer T2 to thereby stop sparking at the spark gap 51.
Thus, the timer portion 58 of the electrical circuit means 34 is in the first wait time period thereof wherein the voltage being applied by the diode D10 in the lead means 74 is fed through the diode D14 and the resistor R8 to cause the capacitor C13 to begin to charge up from its previously discharged condition of 4 volts to the trigger voltage of 8 volts, this time period being determined by the value of the resistor R8. This wait period can be any desired time period depending upon the value of the resistor R8, such as even up to thirty minutes whereas some furnace manufacturers would only like a five-minute wait period which can be provided with the proper rated resistor R8.
In any event, the capacitor C13 is being slowly charged up to the 8 volt value thereof so that when the same again breaks over, it discharges or triggers the timer U2 which dumps the voltage on the capacitor C13 and causes the counter U1 to clock its output from the output Q2 to the output Q3 so as to remove the voltage on the lead means 74 and now place the voltage back on the lead means 73 through the diode D9. The voltage on the lead means 73 is again applied through the diode D15 and the resistor R9 as well as through the line 81 so as to cause the capacitor C13 to begin to charge up again in relation to the time provided by the resistor R9 and to cause the transistor Q7 to close and again apply negative voltage to the gate 3 of the transistor Q3 which is cycled on and off by the transistor Q8 and thereby cause the relay coil K1A to be energized and again start gas flowing from the pilot burner means 23 and sparking to occur at the gap 51 in the manner previously described during this second trial time ignition period.
If flame is created at the pilot burner means 23 during the second trial period, the flame sense control portion 60 of the electrical circuit means 34 will cause the main burner means 26 to pull in to have the fuel issuing from the main burner means 26 and be ignited by the flames of the pilot burner means 23 and terminate the operation of the timer portion 58, the ignition trial portion 59 and the ignition portion 60 of the electrical circuit means 34 in the manner previously described.
However, if ignition of the pilot burner 23 during this second trial time does not take place, the capacitor C13 eventually again triggers the timer U2 which clocks the counter U1 to remove the voltage from the lead means 73 and again place the voltage on the lead means 74 through the output Q4 and diode D8 so as to provide for voltage through the wait time resistor means R8 for another wait time period before again attempting ignition.
Thus, it can be seen that with the timing sequence circuit of the timing portion 58 illustrated in the drawings, there can be up to four trial times for ignition with intervening wait periods and then after the fourth trial time the voltage is applied by output Q8 of the counter U1 through the diode D4 to provide for a wait time period and then after that wait time, the timer U2 causes the counter U1 to apply the voltage from the output Q9 through the diode D3 and, thus, back through the diode D14 for another wait time before clocking back to the output Q1 to restart the ignition cycles in a continuous operation as long as the thermostat 29 remains closed in the one cycle thereof.
Thus, it can be seen that the timer portion 58 of the electrical circuit means 34 can be set to have on each cycle of operation of the thermostat 29 a prepurge time period as determined by a high value of the resistor R10 or substantially no prepurge time as determined by a low value of the resistor R10 and that such prepurge or nonprepurge use of the resistor R10 only occurs at the start of the closing cycle of operation of the thermostat 29 and then thereafter the series of diodes D11-D3 is utilized if there is no flame sense at the pilot burner means 23 during any of the trial times for ignition and the thermostat 29 is not opened with the cycle of operation returning back to the diode D11 after the counter U1 has been clocked to Q9 in the second wait period after the fourth ignition trial period.
Accordingly, a prepurge time of one to thirty seconds can be provided through the proper selection of the resistor means R10 for the system 20, a 300 K ohms resistor means R10 for thirty seconds and a 10 K ohms resistor means R10 for one second. Four trials for ignition can be provided with a maximum time for each ignition being approximately ninety seconds through the proper selection of the value of the resistor means R9 utilized for the system 20, a 600K ohms resistor means R9 for sixty seconds. Between each trial for ignition there is a wait or interpurge time that can be any time up to thirty minutes at room temperature by selecting the proper value for the resistor R8 for the system 20. After every fourth try for ignition, or after the try for ignition in a certain sequence thereof, there is an additional wait time and this wait time can have an absolute time of thirty minutes, an eighteen megohm resistor means R8 for thirty minutes. This double wait time occurs because the capacitor 13 is charged through the resistor means 8, the diode D14, the diode D4 and the output Q8 of the counter U1 and then the timer U2 causes the counter U1 to be clocked to the output Q9 thereof for supplying charging voltage through diodes D3 and D14 to the resistor means RS. The maximum size of the resistor means R8 is 18 megohms to provide for the maximum time of thirty minutes. This gives a total wait time of approximately sixty minutes after every fourth try or the last try for ignition in the cycle thereof which is an absolute maximum. If shorter wait times are desired between attempts with a long time after the fourth attempt, diode D3 may be replaced by a resistor for a maximum time of thirty minutes. The value of the replacing resistor may not exceed 18 megohms minus the value of the resistor means R8.
If it is desired that after the four tries for ignition a lockout of the system is to be provided, then the diodes D3 and D4 are removed so that when the timer U2 clocks the counter U1 from the output Q7 at the end of the fourth ignition trial time to go to output QS, there is no longer a recharging of the capacitor C13 so the electrical circuit means 34 will remain in a dormant condition until the thermostat 29 is moved to an open condition and then returned back to a closed condition to remove the system from such lockout.
Should it be desired to have a lockout after three tries for ignition, then the diodes D3, D4, D5 and D6 are removed. Should it be desired to have lockout after two ignition tries, the diodes D3, D4, D5, D6, D7 and D8 are removed. If it is desired to have lockout after one try for ignition, then diodes D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9 and D10 are removed.
It can be seen that all values for the various components of the fuel control system 20 of this invention are given on the drawings and unless specified differently in the drawings all resistor values are in ohms, 0.25 watt plus/minus 5%; all capacitor values are plus/minus 20% and all non-zener diodes are 1N4148.
Should it be desired to utilize the system 20 with local sense, i.e. using the sparking probe 50 also as the sense probe, the remote sense probe 57, the terminal E2, the resistor R4 and the jumper W1 are removed from the system 20 and the resistor R5 and the varistor VT1 are inserted therein in the manner illustrated by the box 63. The option of having a remote sense or a local sense is well known in the art as evidenced by the aforementioned U.S. Pats. to Geary.
The capacitor C20 which is attached to pin 7 of the timer U2 is utilized to bypass sparks which would cause a miscount.
The electrical circuit means 34 can have jacks J1, FIG. 2A, so that if the resistor means R10 is utilized for a prepurge time period in the system 20, a person testing the circuit means 34 can short out the resistor R10 to a desired shorter prepurge time as provided by a resistor R11, such as two seconds, so that the tester will know that the control does have prepurge but one does not have to wait for the full thirty seconds to prove that.
Also, test points TP1, TP2, TP3 and TP5, FIG. 2A, are provided in the electrical circuit means 34 for factory testing so that these points can be probed with predetermined resistors to provide fast test times so as not to wait for the various times provided by the resistors R8, R9 and R10.
As previously stated one feature of this invention is to change the operation of the control system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431, wherein there can be many instances that initial pilot burner combustion is unstable and will produce a flame sense and then the flame sense signal may be reduced below the threshold of the flame sense circuit 60 and cause the relay coil K2A to be de-energized so that the next try for ignition by the system will be delayed by the pre-purge or wait time previously described. Thus, if the pre-purge or wait time is relatively long, this condition may continue for some time and may result in many ignition attempts even though originally there was flame at the pilot burner means 23 which would normally not require new ignition attempts except that the flame was unstable. The main cause of this situation in the system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431 is the fact that the diode D16 derives its power from the lead means 64 which is connected to the normally closed contacts K2C so as to derive power from the lead means 44 and, thus, from the closed thermostat 29.
In particular, during normal operation of the system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431, relay contacts K2C are opened after flame is sensed at the pilot burner means 23 by the flame sense portion 60 of the circuit means 34 (by the transistor Q6 being turned on and off to energize the relay coil K2A as previously described) whereby electrical power is removed from the timer portion 58 of the circuit means 34 so that voltage in the timer portion 58 dissipates and will be reapplied thereto only when the relay contacts K2C close and the thermostat 29 is closed. Thus, the unstable pilot burner combustion can cause the timer portion 58 to be turned off even though flame still exists at the pilot burner means 23.
However, in the system 20 of this invention, power to the fuel control system 33 has been changed in that the diode D16 is no longer connected to the relay contact means K2C and is connected by the lead means 64 to the power lead means 41 that always supplies electrical power to the timer portion 58 as long as the thermostat 29 is closed.
In addition and as previously described, the transistor Q10 has been added in the system 20 of this invention whereby if the flame sense signal to the flame sense portion 60 of this invention goes below the threshold of the flame sense portion 60 so as to cause the relay coil K2A to be de-energized and open the relay contact means K2B, the transistor Q10 will turn off as the base 2 thereof no longer receives power through the lead means 46' and allows the capacitor C13 to begin to recharge and thus extend the time of the ignition trial time period. If the flame at the pilot burner means 23 is not sensed by the flame sense timer portion 60 after this new trial time, then the counter U1 will increment to the next state and operate the system 33 in the manner previously described. However, if the flame at the pilot burner means 23 is unstable, i.e. goes above and below the flame sense threshold for the flame sense portion 60 of the system 20, the main burner valve means 28 is activated and deactivated but the pilot valve means 25 remains energized and eventually the instability of the flame is removed so that the flame at the pilot burner means 23 is now stable (as the hood of the pilot burner means 23 is now sufficiently hot) before the extended ignition trial time lapses so that the flame sense portion 60 now fully energizes the relay coil means K2A in the manner previously described to close the relay contacts K2B and cause the transistor Q10 to discharge the capacitor 13 before the counter U1 is incremented.
The main timing capacitor C13 should produce as minimal a change of time over temperature as possible and the present capacitor C13 comprises an aluminum electrolytic type that has been seen to influence the timings thereof significantly at -40.degree. C. While there are more costly capacitors that minimize this problem, cost is a constraint. Therefore, it has been found that when using an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the electron mobility in the electrolyte thereof is diminished significantly at -40.degree. C. Basically the movement of electrons from the "valleys", etched in the aluminum foil, to the surface is slowed down. The vendors of such capacitors rate capacitance from -40.degree. C. to +105.degree. C. at 120 hz. The frequency is very important as it takes in to account the speed at which the electrons must move. If the vendor rates the capacitor at -30% at -40.degree. C. at 120 hz, then if the frequency is higher, the percentage change will be much higher. Likewise, if the operational frequency is much slower, then the percentage change will be much less.
Accordingly, it was found according to the teachings of this invention that by changing the 100 ohm resistor R21 used in the system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431, to the 1000 ohm resistor R21 of this invention as previously described, the rate of discharge of the capacitor C13 is much below rated frequency, and, thus, the percentage change from 20.degree. C. to -40.degree. C. is much better than the manufacturer's rating thereof. This allows the less expensive capacitor C13 to perform the task of a much more expensive part.
As previously stated another feature of this invention is to change the operation of the control system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431 wherein there can be a momentary flame sense (less than approximately 1.5 seconds) after a short pre-ignition delay when in fact there is not any flame at the pilot burner means 23 and this can occur if the control system was sensing flame at the pilot burner means 23 and the electrical power to the system was interrupted for a short period of time (approximately 1 second). This is because the system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431, has the resistor R17 connected back to the same power point as the diodes D19 and D20 which is at lead means 72 whereas in contrast the circuit means 34 of this invention has the resistor R17 disconnected from the lead means 72 and connected to lead 41'. The main cause of the false momentary flame sense in the system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431, is the fact that the main flame sense capacitor C19 thereof has not lost its charge in the time period that the system begins to have a new trial time for ignition after such a short period of power interruption.
In particular, during normal operation of the system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431, a 60 hz sine wave voltage is being supplied to the base 2 of the transistor Q9 through the lead 72 and the voltage divider R17 and R31 and this results in the capacitor C19 being discharged 50% of the time through the resistor R24 and being discharged the other 50% of the time through the series combination of resistor R24 and resistor R32. Therefore, during the next pre-purge time period of the system of the Pat. to Geary, No. 5,141,431, after the short power interruption, the pilot valve relay coil K1A is not energized and hence power is not supplied from the lead means 44 through lead means 45 to the lead means 72 whereby transistor Q9 is not turned on so that the capacitor C19 must discharge through the series combination of the resistors R24 and R32 and thereby extending the discharge time of the capacitor C19 by 170 percent. This permits the flame sense portion 60 of the circuit means to give a momentary false flame sense as the capacitor C19 is still discharging and operates the transistor Q6 for the short period of approximately 1.5 seconds or less before the operation of the transistor Q6 ceases and the system goes to the next ignition trial time period in the manner previously described.
However, in the system 20 of this invention, power is always supplied through the lead means 41' to the base 2 of the transistor Q9 as long as the thermostat 29 is closed so that the capacitor C19 will be discharged at the same rate at any time during the operation of the control system 20 and that rate is provided by 50% of the time through resistor R24 and 50% of the time through the series combination of the resistors R24 and R32.
Therefore, it can be seen that it is a relatively simple method of this invention to make the heat exchanger control system 20 as well as the fuel control system 33 thereof that will uniquely operate in the manner previously set forth.
Thus, this invention not only provides a new heat exchanger control system and a new fuel control system for such a heat exchanger system, but also this invention provides a new method of making such a heat exchanger system and such a fuel control system.
While the forms and methods of this invention now preferred have been illustrated and described as required by the Patent Statute, it is to be understood that other forms and method steps can be utilized and still fall within the scope of the appended claims wherein each claim sets forth what is believed to be known in each claim prior to this invention in the portion of each claim that is disposed before the terms "the improvement" and sets forth what is believed to be new in each claim according to this invention in the portion of each claim that is disposed after the terms "the improvement" whereby it is believed that each claim sets forth a novel, useful and unobvious invention within the purview of the Patent Statute.

Claims

1. In a fuel control system for a heat exchanger system that comprises a thermostat, burner means, and electrically operated igniter means for igniting fuel that issues from said burner means, said fuel control system comprising electrical circuit means that comprises an ignition trial portion for operating said igniter means, a flame sense control portion for operating said burner means, and a timer portion adapted on each cycle of a closing of said thermostat and before the next opening thereof to cause said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a first certain period of trial time, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said first certain period of trial time if said flame sense portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited, said timer portion being adapted to terminate the operation of said igniter means upon the termination of said first certain period of trial time if no flames appear at said burner means and to provide a first certain period of wait time before causing said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a second certain period of trial time during that said cycle, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said second certain period of trial time if said flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited, said timer portion comprising a counter having a plurality of outputs and a timer that clocks the output of said counter on each discharge of said timer, a capacitor for causing said timer to discharge and discharge said capacitor to a discharged condition thereof upon each charging of said capacitor to a certain voltage, trial time resistor means, and wait time resistor means, said counter when clocked to a first output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said trial time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said first trial time period so that said trial time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from its said discharged condition to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said first certain trial time period, said counter when clocked to a second output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said wait time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said wait time period so that said wait time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from said discharged condition thereof to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said wait time period, said counter when clocked to a third output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said trial time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said second trial time period so that said trial time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from its said discharged condition to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said second certain trial time period, the improvement wherein said timer portion comprises a transistor operatively interconnected to said capacitor to discharge said capacitor and maintain said capacitor in said discharged condition thereof so that said counter cannot be clocked to the next output thereof as long as said transistor has electrical power supplied to the base thereof and wherein said flame sense control portion has means to continuously supply electrical power to said base of said transistor as long as said flame sense control portion senses flame at said burner means before the lapsing of a respective trial time period and said thermostat remains closed during that said cycle.
2. A fuel control system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said flame sense control portion has a field effect transistor that has a gate that receives a negative voltage from a flame sensing at said burner means, and a control transistor having a base and being operatively interconnected to said field effect transistor to effectively ground or not ground said gate thereof as an alternating current is being applied to said base thereof, said thermostat applying said alternating current to said base of said control transistor as long as said thermostat is closed.
3. A fuel control system as set forth in claim 1 wherein a 1000 ohm resistor is disposed in series with said capacitor.
4. A fuel control system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said transistor is disposed in parallel with said capacitor.
5. A fuel control system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said burner means comprises a pilot burner means.
6. A fuel control system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said timer portion comprises prepurge time resistor means, said counter when reset to its starting position upon the initial closing of said thermostat in that said cycle thereof being adapted to place said prepurge time resistor means and said capacitor means in series so that said prepurge time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from its previous condition to said certain voltage thereof to cause said timer to then clock to said first output thereof.
7. A fuel control system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said timer portion is adapted to terminate the operation of said second certain period of trial time if no flames appear at said burner means and to provide a second certain period of wait time before causing said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a third certain period of trial time during that said cycle, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said third certain period of trial time if said flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited.
8. A fuel control system as set forth in claim 7 wherein said timer portion is adapted to terminate the operation of said igniter means upon the termination of said third certain period of trial time if no flames appear at said burner means and to provide a third certain period of wait time before causing said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a fourth certain period of trial time during that said cycle, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said fourth certain period of trial time if said flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited.
9. A fuel control system as set forth in claim 8 wherein said timer portion is adapted to terminate the operation of said igniter means upon the termination of said fourth certain period of trial time if no flames appear at said burner means and to provide a fourth certain period of wait time before causing said ignition trial portion to tend to again operate said igniter means for said first certain period of trial time during that said cycle, said fourth certain period of wait time being approximately twice as long as any one of said first and second and third certain periods of wait time.
10. In a heat exchanger system comprising a thermostat, burner means, electrically operated igniter means for igniting fuel that issues from said burner means, and a fuel control system comprising electrical circuit means that comprises an ignition trial portion for operating said igniter means, a flame sense control portion for operating said burner means, and a timer portion adapted on each cycle of a closing of said thermostat and before the next opening thereof to cause said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a first certain period of trial time, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said first certain period of trial time if said flame sense portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited, said timer portion being adapted to terminate the operation of said igniter means upon the termination of said first certain period of trial time if no flames appear at said burner means and to provide a first certain period of wait time before causing said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a second certain period of trial time during that said cycle, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said second certain period of trial time if said flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited, said timer portion comprising a counter having a plurality of outputs and a timer that clocks the output of said counter on each discharge of said timer, a capacitor for causing said timer to discharge and discharge said capacitor to a discharged condition thereof upon each charging of said capacitor to a certain voltage, trial time resistor means, and wait time resistor means, said counter when clocked to a first output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said trial time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said first trial time period so that said trial time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from its said discharged condition to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said first certain trial time period, said counter when clocked to a second output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said wait time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said wait time period so that said wait time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from said discharged condition thereof to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said wait time period, said counter when clocked to a third output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said trial time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said second trial time period so that said trial time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from its said discharged condition to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said second certain trial time period, the improvement wherein said timer portion comprises a transistor operatively interconnected to said capacitor to discharge said capacitor and maintain said capacitor in said discharged condition thereof so that said counter cannot be clocked to the next output thereof as long as said transistor has electrical power supplied to the base thereof and wherein said flame sense control portion has means to continuously supply electrical power to said base of said transistor as long as said flame sense control portion senses flame at said burner means before the lapsing of a respective trial time period and said thermostat remains closed during that said cycle.
11. A system as set forth in claim 10 wherein said flame sense control portion has a field effect transistor that has a gate that receives a negative voltage from a flame sensing at said burner means, and a control transistor having a base and being operatively interconnected to said field effect transistor to effectively ground or not ground said gate thereof as an alternating current is being applied to said base thereof, said thermostat applying said alternating current to said base of said control transistor as long as said thermostat is closed.
12. A system as set forth in claim 10 wherein a 1000 ohm resistor is disposed in series with said capacitor.
13. A system as set forth in claim 10 wherein said transistor is disposed in parallel with said capacitor.
14. A system as set forth in claim 10 wherein said burner means comprises a pilot burner means.
15. In a method of making a fuel control system for a heat exchanger system that comprises a thermostat, burner means, and electrically operated igniter means for igniting fuel that issues from said burner means, said fuel control system comprising electrical circuit means that comprises an ignition trial portion for operating said igniter means, a flame sense control portion for operating said burner means, and a timer portion adapted on each cycle of a closing of said thermostat and before the next opening thereof to cause said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a first certain period of trial time, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said first certain period of trial time if said flame sense portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited, said timer portion being adapted to terminate the operation of said igniter means upon the termination of said first certain period of trial time if no flames appear at said burner means and to provide a first certain period of wait time before causing said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a second certain period of trial time during that said cycle, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said second certain period of trial time if said flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited, said timer portion comprising a counter having a plurality of outputs and a timer that clocks the output of said counter on each discharge of said timer, a capacitor for causing said timer to discharge and discharge said capacitor to a discharged condition thereof upon each charging of said capacitor to a certain voltage, trial time resistor means, and wait time resistor means, said counter when clocked to a first output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said trial time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said first trial time period so that said trial time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from its said discharged condition to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said first certain trial time period, said counter when clocked to a second output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said wait time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said wait time period so that said wait time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from said discharged condition thereof to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said wait time period, said counter when clocked to a third output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said trial time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said second trial time period so that said trial time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from its said discharged condition to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said second certain trial time period, the improvement comprising the steps of forming said timer portion to comprise a transistor operatively interconnected to said capacitor to discharge said capacitor and maintain said capacitor in said discharged condition thereof so that said counter cannot be clocked to the next output thereof as long as said transistor has electrical power supplied to the base thereof, and forming said flame sense control portion to have means to continuously supply electrical power to said base of said transistor as long as said flame sense control portion senses flame at said burner means before the lapsing of a respective trial time period and said thermostat remains closed during that said cycle.
16. In a method of making a heat exchanger system that comprises a thermostat, burner means, and electrically operated igniter means for igniting fuel that issues from said burner means, said fuel control system comprising electrical circuit means that comprises an ignition trial portion for operating said igniter means, a flame sense control portion for operating said burner means, and a timer portion adapted on each cycle of a closing of said thermostat and before the next opening thereof to cause said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a first certain period of trial time, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said first certain period of trial time if said flame sense portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited, said timer portion being adapted to terminate the operation of said igniter means upon the termination of said first certain period of trial time if no flames appear at said burner means and to provide a first certain period of wait time before causing said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a second certain period of trial time during that said cycle, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said second certain period of trial time if said flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited, said timer portion comprising a counter having a plurality of outputs and a timer that clocks the output of said counter on each discharge of said timer, a capacitor for causing said timer to discharge and discharge said capacitor to a discharged condition thereof upon each charging of said capacitor to a certain voltage, trial time resistor means, and wait time resistor means, said counter when clocked to a first output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said trial time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said first trial time period so that said trial time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from its said discharged condition to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said first certain trial time period, said counter when clocked to a second output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said wait time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said wait time period so that said wait time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from said discharged condition thereof to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said wait time period, said counter when clocked to a third output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said trial time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said second trial time period so that said trial time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from its said discharged condition to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said second certain trial time period, the improvement comprising the steps of forming said timer portion to comprise a transistor operatively interconnected to said capacitor to discharge said capacitor and maintain said capacitor in said discharged condition thereof so that said counter cannot be clocked to the next output thereof as long as said transistor has electrical power supplied to the base thereof, and forming said flame sense control portion to have means to continuously supply electrical power to said base of said transistor as long as said flame sense control portion senses flame at said burner means before the lapsing of a respective trial time period and said thermostat remains closed during that said cycle.
17. In a fuel control system for a heat exchanger system that comprises a thermostat, burner means, and electrically operated igniter means for igniting fuel that issues from said burner means, said fuel control system comprising electrical circuit means that comprises an ignition trial portion for operating said igniter means, a flame sense control portion for operating said burner means, and a timer portion adapted on each cycle of a closing of said thermostat and before the next opening thereof to cause said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a first certain period of trial time, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said first certain period of trial time if said flame sense portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited, said timer portion being adapted to terminate the operation of said igniter means upon the termination of said first certain period of trial time if no flames appear at said burner means and to provide a first certain period of wait time before causing said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a second certain period of trial time during that said cycle, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said second certain period of trial time if said flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited, said timer portion comprising a counter having a plurality of outputs and a timer that clocks the output of said counter on each discharge of said timer, a capacitor for causing said timer to discharge and discharge said capacitor to a discharged condition thereof upon each charging of said capacitor to a certain voltage, trial time resistor means, and wait time resistor means, said counter when clocked to a first output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said trial time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said first trial time period so that said trial time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from its said discharged condition to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said first certain trial time period, said counter when clocked to a second output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said wait time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said wait time period so that said wait time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from said discharged condition thereof to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said wait time period, said counter when clocked to a third output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said trial time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said second trial time period so that said trial time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from its said discharged condition to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said second certain trial time period, the improvement wherein said flame sense control portion has a field effect transistor that has a gate that receives a negative voltage from a flame sensing at said burner means, and a control transistor having a base and being operatively interconnected to said field effect transistor to effectively ground or not ground said gate thereof as an alternating current is being applied to said base thereof, said thermostat applying said alternating current to said base of said control transistor as long as said thermostat is closed.
18. A fuel control system as set forth in claim 17 wherein said burner means comprises a pilot burner means.
19. In a fuel control system for a heat exchanger system that comprises a thermostat, burner means, and electrically operated igniter means for igniting fuel that issues from said burner means, said fuel control system comprising electrical circuit means that comprises an ignition trial portion for operating said igniter means, a flame sense control portion for operating said burner means, and a timer portion adapted on each cycle of a closing of said thermostat and before the next opening thereof to cause said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a first certain period of trial time, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said first certain period of trial time if said flame sense portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited, said timer portion being adapted to terminate the operation of said igniter means upon the termination of said first certain period of trial time if no flames appear at said burner means and to provide a first certain period of wait time before causing said ignition trial portion to tend to operate said igniter means for a second certain period of trial time during that said cycle, said flame sense control portion being adapted to terminate said operation of said igniter means during said second certain period of trial time if said flame sense control portion senses that fuel issuing from said burner means has been ignited, said timer portion comprising a counter having a plurality of outputs and a timer that clocks the output of said counter on each discharge of said timer, a capacitor for causing said timer to discharge and discharge said capacitor to a discharged condition thereof upon each charging of said capacitor to a certain voltage, trial time resistor means, and wait time resistor means, said counter when clocked to a first output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said trial time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said first trial time period so that said trial time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from its said discharged condition to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said first certain trial time period, said counter when clocked to a second output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said wait time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said wait time period so that said wait time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from said discharged condition thereof to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said wait time period, said counter when clocked to a third output thereof by said timer being adapted to place said trial time resistor means and said capacitor in series at the start of said second trial time period so that said trial time resistor means determines the time period said capacitor charges from its said discharged condition to said certain voltage thereof and that time period comprises said second certain trial time period, the improvement wherein a 1000 ohm resistor is disposed in series with said capacitor.
20. A fuel control system as set forth in claim 19 wherein said burner means comprises a pilot burner means.

US Referenced Citations (6)

Number	Name	Date
4836770	Geary	Jun 1989
4856983	Geary	Aug 1989
4971549	Geary	Nov 1990
4976605	Geary	Dec 1990
5141431	Geary	Aug 1992
5209655	Geary	May 1993

Non-Patent Literature Citations (1)

Entry
Chapter 8, pp. 155-173 of the book, IC Timer Handbook . . . with 100 projects & experiements by Joseph J. Carr (1981).

Heat exchanger system, fuel control system therefor and methods of making the same

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US Referenced Citations (6)

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