Patent Grant
11913694
This application is a U.S. national stage application of PCT/JP2018/008716 filed on Mar. 7, 2018, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The present disclosure relates to a heat pump system including a refrigerant circuit, a heat medium feed path, and an indoor unit.
Some heat pump system including a refrigerant circuit, a heat medium feed path, and an indoor unit has been known (for example, see Patent Literature 1). The heat pump system of Patent Literature 1 prevents a decrease of a water temperature by avoiding a situation as much as possible where two or more heat pumps perform a defrosting operation around the same time.
However, in the heat pump system of Patent Literature 1, as the heat pumps that perform the defrosting operation decrease the water temperature, an indoor comfortability may deteriorate because of the decrease of the water temperature.
The present disclosure has been made in view of the aforementioned problem, and it is an object to obtain a heat pump system that improves an indoor comfortability.
A heat pump system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a refrigerant flow path included in a heat medium heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and a heat source side heat exchanger are connected, the heat medium heat exchanger including the refrigerant flow path and a heat medium flow path; a heat medium feed path connected to the heat medium flow path included in the heat medium heat exchanger; an indoor unit connected to the heat medium feed path and configured to condition air inside a room; a room temperature sensor configured to detect an indoor temperature in the room; a heat medium temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of a heat medium that flows into the indoor unit; and a controller configured to control the refrigerant circuit or the indoor unit by using a set temperature in the room, the indoor temperature detected by the room temperature sensor, and the temperature detected by the heat medium temperature sensor in such a manner that the indoor temperature detected by the room temperature sensor is not deviated from the set temperature.
With the heat pump system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as the refrigerant circuit or the indoor unit is controlled in such a manner that the indoor temperature detected by the room temperature sensor is not deviated from the set temperature, the indoor comfortability is improved.
Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described hereinafter with reference to the drawings. It is noted that the same or equivalent parts in the drawings are assigned with the same reference signs, and descriptions of the parts will be appropriately omitted or simplified. In addition, with regard to components illustrated in the drawings, shapes, sizes, arrangements, and other aspects of the components can be appropriately changed within the scope of the present disclosure.
The heat pump system 100 has a heat medium feed path 30 formed by connecting the heat pump devices 1, indoor units 5, and a heat medium feed device 7 by heat medium pipes 3. As shown in
The heat medium feed device 7 is configured to feed the heat medium, and is, for example, a pump. The heat medium feed device 7 is disposed downstream of all the heat pump devices 1 and upstream of all the indoor units 5 in the heat medium feed path 30. The heat medium feed device 7 may also be disposed downstream of all the indoor units 5 and upstream of all the heat pump devices 1 in the heat medium feed path 30. The heat medium feed device 7 may also be accommodated in the heat pump device 1. The heat pump system 100 of
In addition, the heat pump system 100 includes heat medium temperature sensors 2 each configured to detect a temperature of the heat medium that flows into the indoor units 5, and room temperature sensors 51 each configured to detect an indoor temperature that is an indoor air temperature inside a room.
The heat medium temperature sensor 2 is provided with, for example, a thermistor or other parts attached on a surface of a water pipe or other areas. The heat medium temperature sensor 2 may also be provided with a thermocouple, a resistance temperature detector, or other parts disposed inside the water pipe. The heat medium temperature sensors 2 include, for example, a first outflow temperature sensor 2a, a second outflow temperature sensor 2b, a third outflow temperature sensor 2c, a fourth outflow temperature sensor 2d, and a representative temperature sensor 20. It is noted that the heat medium temperature sensors 2 are only required to be configured to detect the temperature of the heat medium that flows into the indoor units 5, and for example, one or more of the first outflow temperature sensor 2a to the fourth outflow temperature sensor 2d and the representative temperature sensor 20 may also be omitted. For example, when the temperature of the heat medium that flows into the indoor units 5 is estimated by using detection results of the first outflow temperature sensor 2a to the fourth outflow temperature sensor 2d, the representative temperature sensor 20 can be omitted.
As shown in
The representative temperature sensor 20 illustrated in
The room temperature sensors 51 include a first room temperature sensor 51a disposed inside a first indoor unit 5a, a second room temperature sensor 51b disposed inside a second indoor unit 5b, and a third room temperature sensor 51c disposed inside a third indoor unit 5c. To facilitate the understanding of this embodiment, when the first room temperature sensor 51a, the second room temperature sensor 51b, and the third room temperature sensor 51c do not particularly need to be distinguished from one another, these room temperature sensors are each simply described as the room temperature sensor 51. The room temperature sensors 51 are only required to be configured to detect the indoor temperature in the room. For example, one or more of the first room temperature sensor 51a to the third room temperature sensor 51c can be omitted. In addition, for example, the room temperature sensors 51 are disposed inside the indoor units 5, but the room temperature sensors 51 may also be disposed outside the indoor units 5 and disposed inside a room. The room temperature sensor 51 is provided with a thermistor or other devices. It is noted that the room temperature sensor 51 can be omitted when the control using the room temperature sensor 51 is not exercised.
The heat pump system 100 includes the first heat pump device 1a, the second heat pump device 1b, the third heat pump device 1c, and the fourth heat pump device 1d. To facilitate the understanding of this embodiment, when the first heat pump device 1a, the second heat pump device 1b, the third heat pump device 1c, and the fourth heat pump device 1d do not particularly need to be distinguished from one another, these heat pump devices are each simply described as the heat pump device 1.
The heat pump device 1 is an outdoor unit disposed outside the air-conditioned space, for example. The heat pump device 1 is disposed in an outdoor space, a machine room, or other spaces, which are outside a room, and the room defines an air-conditioned space. It is noted that the heat pump system 100 is not limited to a heat pump system that includes the four heat pump devices 1, and a heat pump system that has one or more of the heat pump devices 1 may be used. The plurality of heat pump devices 1 are mutually connected in parallel and connected to the heat medium feed path 30. It is noted that the plurality of heat pump devices 1 may also be connected in series to the heat medium feed path 30.
As shown in
The compressor 11 is configured to compress suctioned refrigerant to bring the refrigerant into a high temperature and high pressure state and discharge the refrigerant. The compressor 11 is, for example, an inverter compressor in which control is exercised by an inverter, and a capacity (the amount of refrigerant to be fed per unit time) can be changed by optionally changing an operation frequency. For example, when the temperature of the heat medium approaches a target temperature, the compressor 11 decreases the operation frequency, and operates with a small capacity. It is noted that the compressor 11 may also be a constant speed compressor that operates at a fixed operation frequency.
The flow path switch device 12 is, for example, a four-way valve or other parts, and configured to switch a direction in which the refrigerant flows to a direction in which the refrigerant flows in a heating operation in which the heat medium heat exchanger 13 heats the heat medium and to a direction in which the refrigerant flows in a cooling operation in which the heat medium heat exchanger 13 cools the heat medium. It is noted that in the example of
The heat medium heat exchanger 13 exchanges heat between the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit 17 and the heat medium of the heat medium feed path 30. The heat medium heat exchanger 13 includes the refrigerant flow path 13a in which the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit 17 flows, and the heat medium flow path 13b in which the heat medium of the heat medium feed path 30 flows. The heat medium heat exchanger 13 is, for example, a plate type heat exchanger. The expansion valve 14 is configured to expand the refrigerant. The expansion valve 14 is, for example, an electronic expansion valve that can adjust an opening degree, a temperature type expansion valve, or other valves, but may also be a capillary tube in which an opening degree is not adjustable, or other parts.
The heat source side heat exchanger 15 is, for example, an air heat exchanger of a fin tube type that formed by fins and a tube and exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air. The heat source side heat exchanger 15 may also be a plate type heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and a heat medium. A heat source side fan 18 is disposed in the vicinity of the heat source side heat exchanger 15. The heat source side fan 18 is configured to send air to the heat source side heat exchanger 15, and promotes heat exchange between the refrigerant and air. The accumulator 19 is disposed to a suction port of the compressor 11. The accumulator 19 is a container that stores the refrigerant.
A heat exchanger downstream temperature sensor 191 is disposed at an inlet of the accumulator 19. The heat exchanger downstream temperature sensor 191 is configured to detect a temperature of the refrigerant subjected to heat exchange in the heat source side heat exchanger 15. The heat exchanger downstream temperature sensor 191 is only required to be disposed downstream of the heat source side heat exchanger 15 and upstream of the accumulator 19. The heat exchanger downstream temperature sensor 191 is provided with, for example, a thermistor or other parts. The heat exchanger downstream temperature sensor 191 is equivalent to a “frost formation detection sensor” of the present disclosure. Frost formation of the heat source side heat exchanger 15 can be detected by using the temperature detected by the heat exchanger downstream temperature sensor 191. This is because when frost is formed on the heat source side heat exchanger 15, the temperature of the refrigerant does not increase as a heat exchange efficiency of the heat source side heat exchanger 15 decreases. It is noted that the “frost formation detection sensor” is not limited to the heat exchanger downstream temperature sensor 191, and the “frost formation detection sensor” is only required to be configured to detect the frost formation of the heat source side heat exchanger 15.
An operation of the refrigerant circuit 17 in the cooling operation in which the heat medium heat exchanger 13 cools the heat medium will be described. At the time of the cooling operation, the flow path switch device 12 is switched to the state represented by the solid lines. The high temperature and high pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 transfers heat while the refrigerant is condensed in the heat source side heat exchanger 15. The refrigerant condensed in the heat source side heat exchanger 15 expands in the expansion valve 14. The refrigerant that has expanded in the expansion valve 14 absorbs heat from the heat medium while the refrigerant evaporates in the heat medium heat exchanger 13, and cools the heat medium. The refrigerant that has evaporated in the heat medium heat exchanger 13 is suctioned into the compressor 11 and compressed again.
An operation of the refrigerant circuit 17 in the heating operation in which the heat medium heat exchanger 13 heats the heat medium will be described. At the time of the heating operation, the flow path switch device 12 is switched to the state represented by the broken lines. The high temperature and high pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 transfers heat to the heat medium while the refrigerant is condensed in the heat medium heat exchanger 13, and heats the heat medium. The refrigerant condensed in the heat medium heat exchanger 13 expands in the expansion valve 14. The refrigerant that has expanded in the expansion valve 14 evaporates in the heat source side heat exchanger 15. The refrigerant that has evaporated in the heat source side heat exchanger 15 is suctioned into the compressor 11 and compressed again.
As shown in
The indoor unit 5 is configured to condition air in the air-conditioned space by using heat of the heat medium. The indoor unit 5 is disposed, for example, inside the air-conditioned space. It is noted that the heat pump system 100 is not limited to a system including the three indoor units 5, and the heat pump system 100 may have one or more indoor units 5. The plurality of indoor units 5 are mutually connected in parallel and connected to the heat medium feed path 30. It is noted that the plurality of indoor units 5 may also be connected in series to the heat medium feed path 30. The plurality of indoor units 5 are, for example, configured to condition air in the same room, but two or more of the plurality of indoor units 5 may condition air in different rooms.
As shown in
An operation of the heat medium feed path 30 shown in
The controller 6 controls the compressor 11, the expansion valve 14, or the heat source side fan 18 of each of the heat pump devices 1, the heat medium feed device 7, the indoor fan 53 of each of the indoor units 5, or other parts, for example, by using the temperatures detected by the heat medium temperature sensors 2, the indoor temperatures detected by the room temperature sensors 51, and a set temperature in the room. The set temperature in the room is a target temperature in the room where the heat pump system 100 conditions air. The set temperature is input from a remote controller (illustration is omitted) by the user, for example, and is stored in the controller 6.
For example, the controller 6 controls the refrigerant circuits 17 or the indoor units 5 by using the set temperature in the room, the indoor temperatures detected by the room temperature sensors 51, and the temperatures detected by the heat medium temperature sensors 2 in such a manner that the indoor temperatures detected by the room temperature sensors 51 are not deviated from the set temperature. When the heat pump system 100 is controlled in such a manner that the indoor temperatures detected by the room temperature sensors 51 are not deviated from the set temperature, a comfortability in the air-conditioned space is improved.
In addition, for example, the controller 6 determines, by using the temperature of the heat medium that flows out from one or more of the heat medium heat exchangers 13, a target temperature of the heat media that flow out from the other heat medium heat exchangers 13. When the plurality of heat pump devices 1 control the temperature of the heat medium that flows into the indoor units 5 in a coordinated manner, precision of the control of the temperature of the heat medium that flows into the indoor units 5 can be increased. In addition, when the plurality of heat pump devices 1 control the temperature of the heat medium that flows into the indoor units 5 in a coordinated manner, excess cooling or heating can be curbed. It is thus possible to reduce power consumption.
In addition, for example, the controller 6 exercises the control to cause the indoor fans 53 to stop sending air when the temperatures detected by the heat medium temperature sensors 2 are higher than the set temperature in the room and the indoor temperatures detected by the room temperature sensors 51, or when the temperatures detected by the heat medium temperature sensors 2 are lower than the set temperature in the room and the indoor temperatures detected by the room temperature sensors 51. In the aforementioned case, when the indoor fan 53 is caused to stop sending air, it is possible to prevent the indoor temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 51 from deviating from the set temperature. When the deviation of the indoor temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 51 from the set temperature is prevented, the indoor comfortability is improved.
In addition, for example, when the temperatures detected by the heat medium temperature sensors 2 are higher than the set temperature in the room and also lower than the indoor temperatures detected by the room temperature sensors 51, or when the temperatures detected by the heat medium temperature sensors 2 are lower than the set temperature in the room and higher than the indoor temperatures detected by the room temperature sensors 51, the indoor fans 53 send air. In the aforementioned case, when the indoor fan 53 sends air, the indoor temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 51 approaches the set temperature. The indoor comfortability is thus improved.
When the heat pump system 100 executes a room heating mode operation for heating in the room, the heat pump devices 1 perform the heating operation. When the heat pump device 1 performs the heating operation, as the heat source side heat exchanger 15 is used as an evaporator, frost may be formed on the heat source side heat exchanger 15 in some cases. In a case where the frost is formed on the heat source side heat exchanger 15, as the heat exchange efficiency of the heat source side heat exchanger 15 decreases, defrosting is performed to melt frost on the heat source side heat exchanger 15. When the defrosting of the heat source side heat exchanger 15 is performed, for example, the heat source side heat exchanger 15 is used as a condenser, and the heat medium heat exchanger 13 is used as the evaporator. When the heat medium heat exchanger 13 is used as the evaporator, the heat medium is cooled. When the heat medium is cooled to decrease the temperature of the heat medium that flows into the indoor units 5, the indoor comfortability may deteriorate. In view of the above, the heat pump system 100 of this embodiment exercises the following control.
At a time t2, it is detected that the heat pump system 100 approaches a timing for defrosting the first heat pump device 1a, and the first heat pump device 1a makes defrosting preparation. For example, it is detected that when a frost formation amount of the heat source side heat exchanger 15 of the first heat pump device 1a is higher than a first frost formation amount A, the controller 6 makes the defrosting preparation of the first heat pump device 1a. For example, when a detected value Th of the heat exchanger downstream temperature sensor 191 illustrated in
At a time t3 illustrated in
At a time t4, it is detected that the heat pump system 100 starts defrosting of the first heat pump device 1a. For example, when the frost formation amount of the heat source side heat exchanger 15 of the first heat pump device 1a is higher than a second frost formation amount B that is higher than the first frost formation amount A, it is determined that the controller 6 starts defrosting of the first heat pump device 1a. For example, when the detected value Th of the heat exchanger downstream temperature sensor 191 illustrated in
At a time t5, the heat pump system 100 executes a defrost mode operation. It is noted that the time t4 and the time t5 are substantially the same time. In other words, when the start of the defrosting is detected at the time t4, the defrost mode operation immediately is executed at the time t5. When the heat pump system 100 performs a defrosting operation of the first heat pump device 1a, the first heat pump device 1a performs the defrosting operation, and for example, the second heat pump device 1b to the fourth heat pump device 1d perform the heating operation.
The second heat pump device 1b to the fourth heat pump device 1d that do not perform defrosting are controlled, for example, in such a manner that the heat medium temperatures Tm detected by the second outflow temperature sensor 2b to the fourth outflow temperature sensor 2d equal to the target temperature Tu+α. For example, when the defrost mode operation is executed, the rotation frequency of the compressor 11 of the heat pump device 1 that does not perform the defrosting is increased as compared with the rotation frequency at the time of the room heating mode operation. In addition, for example, when the defrost mode operation is executed, the number of heat pump devices 1 that perform the heating operation is increased as compared with the number at the time of the room heating mode operation.
The controller 6 determines a target temperature Tu−β of the heat medium that flows out from the first heat pump device 1a that performs defrosting by using the heat medium temperatures Tm of the heat media that flow out from the second heat pump device 1b to the fourth heat pump device 1d that do not perform defrosting. For example, the target temperature Tu−β of the heat medium that flows out from the first heat pump device 1a that performs defrosting is determined in such a manner that an indoor unit inflow temperature Ti detected by the representative temperature sensor 20 is higher than or equal to a defrosting operation target heat medium temperature To. It is noted that the indoor unit inflow temperature Ti detected by the representative temperature sensor 20 is increased by reducing the number of heat pump devices 1 that perform defrosting or decreasing the rotation frequency of the compressor 11 of the heat pump device 1 that performs defrosting. When the temperature of the heat medium that flows into the indoor units 5 is set to be higher than or equal to the defrosting operation target heat medium temperature To, the decrease of the temperature in the room can be reduced. The indoor comfortability is thus improved.
For example, the defrosting operation target heat medium temperature To is higher than or equal to a set temperature Ts in the room or indoor temperatures Tr detected by the room temperature sensors 51. When the temperature of the heat medium that flows into the indoor units 5 is set to be higher than or equal to the set temperature Ts, the inside of the room is warmed up by the heat medium at a temperature higher than or equal to the set temperature Ts. The indoor comfortability is thus improved. When the temperature of the heat medium that flows into the indoor units 5 is set to be higher than or equal to the indoor temperatures Tr detected by the room temperature sensors 51, the indoor temperatures Tr detected by the room temperature sensors 51 do not decrease. It is thus possible to reduce the decrease of the indoor comfortability.
It is noted that the defrosting operation target heat medium temperature To is preferably higher than or equal to the indoor temperatures Tr detected by the room temperature sensors 51, but the defrosting operation target heat medium temperature To may be lower than the indoor temperatures Tr detected by the room temperature sensors 51 in some cases. For example, the aforementioned cases include a case when defrosting of the plurality of heat pump devices 1 is performed at the same time, a case when defrosting needs to be rapidly performed, or other cases. When the defrosting operation target heat medium temperature To is lower than the indoor temperatures Tr detected by the room temperature sensors 51, the indoor temperature decreases as the indoor fans 53 are operated, and the indoor comfortability decreases. In view of the above, when the defrosting operation target heat medium temperature To is lower than the indoor temperatures Tr detected by the room temperature sensors 51, the indoor fans 53 are stopped to reduce the decrease of the indoor comfortability.
The defrosting of the first heat pump device 1a is completed by a time t6, and the room heating mode operation is resumed at the time t6. In other words, the operation of the first heat pump device 1a that performs the defrosting operation is switched to a room heating operation at the time t6. It is noted that with regard to the completion of the defrosting of the first heat pump device 1a, for example, when the detected value Th of the heat exchanger downstream temperature sensor 191 illustrated in
As described above, the heat pump system 100 in the example of this embodiment executes the heat storage mode operation for increasing the temperature of the heat medium than the temperature at the time in the room heating mode operation in a period after the room heating mode operation is executed and before the defrost mode operation is executed. In the example of this embodiment, as the heat medium is warmed up in the heat storage mode operation before the defrost mode operation is executed, it is possible to reduce the decrease of the temperature of the heat medium at the time of the defrost mode operation. When the decrease of the temperature of the heat medium at the time of the defrost mode operation is reduced, as the decrease of the temperature in the room at the time of the defrost mode operation can be reduced, the indoor comfortability is improved.
The present disclosure is not limited to the aforementioned embodiment, and various modification can be made within the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, the configurations of the aforementioned embodiment may be appropriately modified, and also, at least a part of the configurations may also be substituted with other part. Furthermore, a location of a component that is not particularly limited is not limited to the location disclosed according to the embodiment, and can be a location where a function of the component can be achieved.
For example, the descriptions of the example have been provided above where the defrosting operation of the first heat pump device 1a is performed, but when frost is formed on the second heat pump device 1b to the fourth heat pump device 1d, the defrosting operation of the second heat pump device 1b to the fourth heat pump device 1d can be performed. In addition, the descriptions of the example have been provided above where the defrosting of the single heat pump device 1 is performed, but defrosting of two or more of the heat pump devices 1 can be performed at the same time.
In addition, for example, the descriptions of the example have been provided above where the defrosting operation of the heat pump device 1 is performed while the heat source side heat exchanger 15 is used as the condenser, and the heat medium heat exchanger 13 is used as the evaporator. However, a configuration can be adopted where the defrosting operation is performed while the heat source side heat exchanger 15 is used as the condenser, and the refrigerant does not flow into the heat medium heat exchanger 13. In addition, a configuration can be adopted where the heat pump device 1 performs defrosting by using an electric heater or other devices.
In addition, the descriptions of the example have been provided above where the frost formation amount of the heat source side heat exchanger 15 is detected, and the heat storage mode operation and the defrost mode operation are executed, but the heat pump system 100 may also execute the heat storage mode operation and the defrost mode operation as previously scheduled. For example, a configuration can be adopted where the heat pump system 100 executes the heat storage mode operation when a previously set time elapses, and the heat pump system 100 executes the defrost mode operation when a previously set time elapses. In addition, for example, a configuration can be adopted where when the frost formation of the heat source side heat exchanger 15 is detected, the heat pump system 100 executes the heat storage mode operation for a set period of time that is previously set, and the heat pump system 100 executes the defrost mode operation for a set period of time that is previously set.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2018/008716 | 3/7/2018 | WO |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019/171485 | 9/12/2019 | WO | A |
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| 105135504 | Dec 2015 | CN |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| 20210033324 A1 | Feb 2021 | US |
