Patent Grant
11421951
The present disclosure relates to a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) cleaning system and method. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to cleaning systems and methods for cleaning the HRSG finned-tubing using explosives and pressurized air.
This section provides background information related to the present disclosure which is not necessarily prior art.
The HRSG finned-tubing become fouled over time, during use. The fouling can significantly reduce the efficiency and power output of an HRSG because the fouling reduces the amount and rate of heat exchange with the exhaust gas flowing across the finned-tubing. The fouling is caused by multiple factors, including certain salt deposits, sulfur compounds, and corrosion due to humidity and other factors.
It is known to use explosives, including detonation cord (detcord), in various configurations, to clean smooth-sided, non-finned tubes in coal-fired boilers. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,056,587, entitled Method for Deslagging a Boiler, teaches various arrangements of detcord attached directly to boiler tubes, including exploding a series of detcord lengths in sequence. U.S. Pat. No. 5,211,135, entitled Apparatus and Method of Deslagging a Boiler with an Explosive Blastwave and Kinetic Energy, teaches spacing a plurality of detcord clusters formed into three-dimensional geometries between tubing panels in a sequence.
It is also known to use sudden gas combustion to create a pressure wave to vibrate tubes, including HRSG finned-tubing, and dislodge fouling from the tubing. One such system is the PressureWave Plus™ developed by BANG&CLEAN® GmbH and marketed by General Electric Company. As stated in a 2017 General Electric brochure for PressureWave Plus™, “[p]ressure waves generated by the combustion of gas typically propagate at much lower speeds than pressure waves generated by explosives”. Thus, prior to the present disclosure, those skilled in the art used gas combustion or other means and avoided using explosives to clean the HRSG finned-tubing due to the mistaken belief that explosives would damage the relatively thin fins surrounding the tubing.
Further, it is known to use pressurized air to at least partially clean smooth-sided boiler tubes. These devices are commonly known as soot blowers and generally have handheld hoses that users direct to banks of tubes as they walk across and up and down scaffolding. The scaffolding is erected and disassembled specifically for cleaning the tubes. This process is not efficient because of the significant down time required for erecting the scaffolding, cleaning the tubes, and the disassembly of the scaffolding.
Thus there is a need for an efficient HRSG finned-tubing cleaning system and method that improves on the previously known systems and methods.
The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The applicants have unexpectedly discovered that the combined use of explosive detcord and pressurized air provides an efficient cleaning system and method for HRSG finned-tubing that allows for cleaning larger areas, quicker, more efficiently, and more thoroughly compared to prior art systems and methods. Typically, HRSG finned tubes 10 are constructed in a bank 12, as shown in
Prior to the present disclosure it was believed and feared that using explosives, including detcord, would damage the HRSG tubes because the fins 16 would be bent, damaged, and the efficiency of the heat transfer negatively impacted. The present disclosure unexpectedly shows that properly arranged and exploded explosive subassembly 20 in combination with a pressurized air subassembly 22 will clean HRSG finned-tubing more efficiently and more thoroughly than prior art systems.
Blast waves from the detcords 32 cause dislodgement of rust scale and other fouling on the fins 16. The fins 16 are durable, but also delicate at the same time. Replacing damaged tubes 10 is expensive and results in costly down time for the HRSG facility. A delay between each detcord explosion allows the pressure wave of each explosion to dissipate adequately before the next explosion, thus aiding in preventing damage to the fins by excessive blast wave pressure. The delay between explosions depends on the grain load of each detcord 32, the spacing between detcords 32 (typically 12 inches), and the spacing between the detcord 32 and the banks 12 (typically 12 inches). The detonation delays are typically 5-25 milliseconds.
For a typical HRSG facility the rods 30 are at least 24 feet long, each of the detcords 32 are more than 60 feet long, the spacing between each detcord 32 is approximately 12 inches, the spacing between the detcords 32 and the bank 12 of HRSG finned-tubing is approximately 12 inches, the predetermined delay between each explosion is between 5-25 milliseconds, and the elongated beam 40 is at least 24 feet long. The beam 40 may be an aluminum four inch box beam or other beam of similar size and strength to support the transport assembly 42 and the pressurized air blower assembly 46.
The transport assembly 42, best seen in
Referring to
The pressurized air blower assembly 46 may further include at least a second outlet nozzle 74 for directing the pressurized air in an opposite direction from the at least one nozzle 70 and towards another bank 12 of HRSG finned-tubing. Still further, the pressurized air blower assembly 46 may include a third outlet nozzle 76 adjacent the at least one outlet nozzle 70 and a fourth outlet nozzle 78 adjacent the second outlet nozzle 74.
Pressurized air flows into assembly 46, as indicated by arrow 78. Assembly 46 in operation is fully enclosed and relatively airtight such that the pressurized air from inlet 68 is forced into intake 80, as indicated by arrows 82, and through pipe 67 and nozzles 70, 74, 76, 78. As assembly 46 moves, motor 72 causes pipe 67 to rotate in a first direction via cooperation between gear plates 84, 86. Stop post 88, attached to pipe 67, contacting a poppet valve 90, 91 (e.g. available from Parker Hannifin Corporation) causes 3-way, 2-position valve 92 to switch the supply of compressed air to motor 72 causing the rotation of the motor 72 and pipe 67 to reverse. The pressurized air blower assembly 46 operates by receiving pressurized air through inlet 68 that is connected to an air compressor (not shown for convenience), such as a 1300H Sullair® air compressor.
Preferably, the transport assembly 42 moves the pressurized air blower assembly 46 along the portion of the beam 40 length twice before the suspension assembly 48 moves the suspended elongated beam 40, the transport assembly 42, and the pressurized air blower assembly 46 up or down. The suspension assembly 48 may move the suspended elongated beam 40, the transport assembly 42, and the pressurized air blower assembly 46 up or down 1-3 inches.
Referring to
An example cleaning system may further include an automatic control 100 (see
The example cleaning system described above may be used in a method of cleaning HRSGs. The method may include suspending at least one elongated rod 30 adjacent a bank 12 of HRSG finned-tubing such that a plurality of generally uniformly spaced detcords 32, attached to the rod 30, form essentially parallel straight lengths of detcords 32, each detcord 32 having an explosive grain loading of 18-50 grains per foot.
Next, exploding each detcord 32 in a sequence where a detonation delay assembly 34 attached to each of the plurality of detcords 32 creates a predetermined delay between each detcord explosion. Then, after the detcords 32 are exploded, suspending an elongated beam 40, having a transport assembly 42 and a pressurized air blower assembly 46 operably coupled to the elongated beam 40, adjacent the bank 12 of HRSG finned-tubing. Next, moving the pressurized air blower assembly 46, with the transport assembly 42, along a portion of the beam 40 as the pressurized air blower assembly 46 directs pressurized air towards the bank 12 of HRSG finned-tubing.
Next, moving the beam 40, the transport assembly 42, and the pressurized air blower assembly 46 up or down, after the pressurized air assembly 46 has moved along the portion of the beam 40, so that a next portion of the bank 12 of HRSG finned-tubing may be cleaned by pressurized air.
The winches 52 may each be 1000 pound pneumatic winches (with a line speed of 43 feet per minute at 90 pounds per square inch of air pressure) and the winch cables 54 may be attached to the beam 40 via any acceptable fasteners, such as eye-bolts attached to each end of the beam 40. The distance the suspension assembly 48 moves the beam 40 may depend on the amount of fouling to be dislodged from the fins 16, the air pressure generated, and the dispersion pattern created by outlet nozzles 70, 74-78. Likewise, the rate at which the transport assembly 42 moves along beam 40 may depend on the condition of fins 16, the air pressure generated, and the dispersion pattern of the outlet nozzles.
The pressurized air blower assembly 46 may include a motor 72 oscillating the outlet nozzles. The motor 72 may create about 55 foot-pounds of torque.
The pressurized air subsystem 22 may be run automatically as described above or manually. The automatic control 100, shown in
Solenoid valve 114 controls the direction of travel of transport assembly 42 by switching the compressed air supply between lines 116, 118 that are connected to hoses 61 and 63, as shown. Solenoid 114 is controlled by the timer 120 and inputs from limit switches 102, 104 that are received via cables 122, 124. The inputs from limit switches cause the latching relay 126 to send signals causing solenoid 114 to switch the air supply from one of lines 116, 118 to the other line, thus reversing the travel direction. Control 100 receives electrical power via power cable 128 and a 12-volt power inverter 130. The timer 120 may control the time of travel for travel assembly 42 and/or a duration that the travel assembly pauses before moving again after beam 40 is raised/lowered.
The motor 72 rotation direction and speed of oscillation is controlled by the combination of regulator 132 and the on/off switch valve 134. Pressurized air is received through line 136 and delivered to hose 65 via line 138.
The winches 52 (shown in
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. The same may also be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure.
Example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope to those who are skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth such as examples of specific components, devices, and methods, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details need not be employed, that example embodiments may be embodied in many different forms and that neither should be construed to limit the scope of the disclosure. In some example embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “including,” and “having,” are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.
When an element or layer is referred to as being “on,” “engaged to,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly on, engaged, connected or coupled to the other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly engaged to,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there may be no intervening elements or layers present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a like fashion (e.g., “between” versus “directly between,” “adjacent” versus “directly adjacent,” etc.). As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as “first,” “second,” and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
Spatially relative terms, such as “inner,” “outer,” “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
This application claims priority to U.S. application Ser. No. 16/249,120, filed Jan. 16, 2019, anticipated U.S. Pat. No. 10,962,311, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5056587 | Jones | Oct 1991 | A |
| 5211135 | Correia | May 1993 | A |
| 6935281 | Ruegg | Aug 2005 | B2 |
| 20090229068 | Henderson | Sep 2009 | A1 |
| 20190178593 | Boye | Jun 2019 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20210364241 A1 | Nov 2021 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16249120 | Jan 2019 | US |
| Child | 17204423 | US |
