Patent Application
20180016652
The present disclosure relates to a heat treatment apparatus.
The following Patent Document 1 discloses a multi-chamber evacuate heating furnace in which a heating chamber and a cooling chamber are disposed adjacent to each other with a partition interposed therebetween. This multi-chamber evacuate heating furnace is a multi-chamber type multi-cooling evacuate furnace that blows a cooling gas against an article to be heat-treated from a plurality of gas nozzles provided so as to surround the article to be heat-treated within the cooling chamber, thereby cooling the article to be heat-treated.
Meanwhile, the following Patent Document 2 discloses a multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus that has three heating chambers and one cooling chamber disposed therein with an intermediate conveyance chamber interposed therebetween, and moves a treating target among the three heating chambers and one cooling chamber via the intermediate conveyance chamber, thereby performing desired heat treatment on the treating target. The cooling chamber in this multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus is disposed below the intermediate conveyance chamber and cools the treating target, which is carried in from the intermediate conveyance chamber by an exclusive lifting device, using a liquid or mist-like cooling medium.
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. H11-153386
[Patent Document 2] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. 2014-051695
Meanwhile, the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 is of a type in which the liquid or mist-like cooling medium is used, and a multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus of a cooling type (gas cooling type) using gas as the cooling medium has not been developed in the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus of the type including the intermediate conveyance chamber. In the heat treatment apparatus of a type in which a heated treating target is cooled using gas without being limited to the gas cooling multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus having the above intermediate conveyance chamber, it is common sense to use an inert gas as the cooling gas. However, if the cooling gas is limited to the inert gas, the degree of freedom of selection of the cooling gas decreases extremely.
The present disclosure has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to enhance the degree of freedom of selection of a cooling gas while realizing desired heat treatment on a treating target, in a case where a gas cooling type is adopted in a heat treatment apparatus.
The present disclosure includes the following configuration as means for solving the above problem.
A first aspect of the present disclosure is a heat treatment apparatus configured such that a treating target is conveyed via an intermediate conveyance chamber and accommodated in a heating chamber. The heat treatment apparatus includes a gas cooling chamber that is disposed adjacent to the intermediate conveyance chamber and cools the treating target using a cooling gas containing an oxidizer.
According to the heat treatment apparatus of the present disclosure, the gas cooling chamber that cools the treating target with the cooling gas containing an oxidizer is included. Even in a case where the cooling gas containing an oxidizer is used as in the present disclosure, the treating target can be cooled without causing such grain boundary oxidation which does not satisfy desired resistance, in a surface layer of the treating target. Hence, according to the present disclosure, the treating target can be cooled using the cooling gas containing an oxidizer, and it is possible to enhance the degree of freedom of selection of the cooling gas while realizing desired heat treatment on the treating target.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the heat treatment apparatus related to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the following drawings, scales of respective members are appropriately changed in order to make the respective members have recognizable sizes.
As shown in
As shown in
The conveyance chamber 1 is a container provided between the mist cooling device RM and the three heating devices K. As shown in
The mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2 is a supporting platform on which the treating target X is placed when the treating target X is cooled with the mist cooling device RM, and is raised and lowered by lifting mechanism (not shown). That is, the above lifting mechanisms operate in a state where the treating target X is placed on the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2, and thus, the treating target X moves between the intermediate conveying device H and the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2.
As shown in the drawings, the plurality of conveyance rails 3 are laid on the floor part of the conveyance chamber 1, on the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2, on the heating chamber lifting platforms 7a to 7c, and on the floor part of the extended chamber 8. Such conveyance rails 3 are guide members when the treating target X is moved within the conveyance chamber 1 and the extended chamber 8. The three pairs of pusher mechanisms 4a and 4b; 5a and 5b; and 6a and 6b are conveying actuators that press the treating target X within the conveyance chamber 1 and the extended chamber 8.
That is, a pair of pusher mechanisms 4a and 4b, which are disposed in the same straight line, among the three pairs of pusher mechanisms 4a and 4b; 5a and 5b; and 6a and 6b, moves the treating target X between the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2 and the heating chamber lifting platform 7a. One pusher mechanism 4a out of the pair of pusher mechanisms 4a and 4b presses the treating target X toward the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2 from the heating chamber lifting platform 7a, and the other pusher mechanism 4b presses the treating target X toward the heating chamber lifting platform 7a from the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2.
Similarly, a pair of pusher mechanisms 5a and 5b, which are disposed in the same straight line, moves the treating target X between the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2 and the heating chamber lifting platform 7b. One pusher mechanism 5a out of the pair of pusher mechanisms 5a and 5b presses the treating target X toward the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2 from the heating chamber lifting platform 7b, and the other pusher mechanism 5b presses the treating target X toward the heating chamber lifting platform 7b from the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2.
Additionally, a pair of pusher mechanisms 6a and 6b, which are disposed in the same straight line, moves the treating target X between the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2 and the heating chamber lifting platform 7c. That is, one pusher mechanism 6a out of the pair of pusher mechanisms 6a and 6b presses the treating target X toward the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2 from the heating chamber lifting platform 7c, and the other pusher mechanism 6b presses the treating target X toward the heating chamber lifting platform 7c from the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2.
The plurality of conveyance rails 3 described above also guides the movement of pressing parts attached to tips of the three pairs of pusher mechanisms 4a and 4b; 5a and 5b; and 6a and 6b, in addition to guiding the treating target X so as to move smoothly, when the treating target X are moved (conveyed) using these three pairs of pusher mechanisms 4a and 4b; 5a and 5b; and 6a and 6b as power sources.
The three heating chamber lifting platforms 7a to 7c are supporting platforms on which the treating target X is placed when the treating target X is heat-treated with the respective heating devices K, and are provided immediately below the respective heating devices K. Such heating chamber lifting platforms 7a to 7c are raised and lowered by the lifting mechanisms (not shown), thereby moving the treating target X between the intermediate conveying device H and the respective heating devices K.
The extended chamber 8 is a substantially box-shaped extended container that is connected to a side part of the conveyance chamber 1 and that is provided for convenience in order to connect the intermediate conveying device H and the gas cooling device RG together. First end (one plane) of the extended chamber 8 communicates with the side part of the conveyance chamber 1, and the second end (one plane) of the extended chamber 8 is provided with the partition door 9. The conveyance rails 3 are laid on the floor part of such an extended chamber 8 such that the treating target X are movable thereon.
The partition door 9 is an opening and closing door that partitions the intermediate conveyance chambers that are the internal spaces of the conveyance chamber 1 and the extended chamber 8 and a gas cooling chamber that is the internal space of the gas cooling device RG, and is provided in a perpendicular posture at the second end (one plane) of the extended chamber 8. That is, the partition door 9 moves up and down with a driving mechanism (not shown), thereby opening or covering the second end of the extended chamber 8.
Subsequently, the gas cooling device RG will be described. The gas cooling device RG is a cooling device that cools the treating target X using a cooling gas Y that is a gas containing an oxidizer. As the cooling gas Y, air (that is, ambient air) outside the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus can be used. Additionally, air whose temperature or humidity adjusted can also be used. In addition, in the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, it is also possible to use a mixed gas containing oxygen that acts on the treating target X as an oxidizer, that is, carbon dioxide or the like in addition to air, which is a gas containing an oxidizer, as the cooling gas. Additionally, the proportion of the oxygen mixed with the above cooling gas may be appropriately changed.
However, the cooling gas Y can be easily and cheaply supplied by using ambient air as the cooling gas Y. As shown in
In addition, the circulation chamber 11 (gas cooling chamber), the gas cooler 12, the blower 13, the cooling gas introduction pipe 14, the first control valve 15, the exhaust pump 16, the second control valve 17, and the power supply device 18, excluding the cooling chamber 10 among the plurality of constituent elements constitute a cooling gas distribution mechanism that blows the cooling gas against the treating target X within the cooling chamber 10 from above and exhausts the cooling gas, which has contributed to the cooling of the treating target X, from below the treating target X.
The cooling chamber 10 is a container having a rounded, substantially vertical cylindrical shape and having a horizontal cross-sectional shape of a substantially circular (annular) shape, and is provided adjacent to the extended chamber 8 that constitutes an intermediate conveyance chamber. The internal space of the cooling chamber 10 is a gas cooling chamber that blows a predetermined cooling gas against the treating target X, thereby performing cooling processing on the treating target X. In addition, the shape of the cooling chamber 10 is formed in a high pressure-resistance shape, that is, a rounded, substantially cylindrical shape so as to withstand a positive internal pressure of 500 kPa or more.
Additionally, the cooling chamber 10 is connected to the extended chamber 8 in a state where a portion of the extended chamber 8 is taken in, that is, the partition door 9 protrudes inward from a side into the gas cooling chamber. Moreover, a workpiece inlet/outlet 10a is provided at a position that faces the partition door 9 in the cooling chamber 10. The workpiece inlet/outlet 10a is an opening for allowing the treating target X to be taken in and out between the outside and the gas cooling chamber.
As shown in
Additionally, the conveying carriage 10b is provided with a closing plate 10d, and a cylinder mechanism 10e for entrance and exit. The closing plate 10d is a plate-like member that abuts against the workpiece inlet/outlet 10a to seal the workpiece inlet/outlet when the treating target X is accommodated within the cooling chamber 10. The closing plate 10d seals the workpiece inlet/outlet 10a, for example, by being bolted into the workpiece inlet/outlet 10a in a state where the closing plate abuts against the workpiece inlet/outlet 10a.
The cylinder mechanism 10e for entrance and exit is a conveying mechanism that moves the treating target X within a cooling chamber (cooling chamber 10) and the conveyance chamber 1 (intermediate conveyance chamber). That is, the cylinder mechanism 10e for entrance and exit is a pusher and puller conveying mechanism that presses the treating target X on the placement platform 10c, thereby moving the treating target X onto the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2 within the intermediate conveyance chamber and that is engaged with the treating target X on the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2 to pull the treating target X, thereby moving the treating target X onto the placement platform 10c from the inside of the intermediate conveyance chamber.
Here, as shown in
In a configuration in which the conveyance chamber 1 is provided with the workpiece inlet/outlet in this way, it is possible to fixedly install the conveying mechanism equivalent to the cylinder mechanism 10e for entrance and exit in the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus. Thus it is possible to guarantee the usability and durability of the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus.
The circulation chamber 11 is open to a lower part (lower side) of the cooling chamber 10 such that one circular end (gas blow-in port 11a) is open to an upper part (upper side) of the cooling chamber 10 with the substantially vertical cylindrical shape and similarly the other circular end (gas exhaust port 11b) faces a gas blow-in port 11a with the treating target X therebetween. Such a circulation chamber 11 is a container that connects the cooling chamber 10, the gas cooler 12, and the blower 13 together in an annular shape as a whole. That is, the cooling chamber 10, the circulation chamber 11, the gas cooler 12, and the blower 13 form a gas circulation path R that allows the cooling gas Y to be circulated therethrough such that the cooling gas Y flows downward from the gas blow-in port 11a, that is, flows toward the gas exhaust port 11b.
In such a gas circulation path R, a clockwise flow of the cooling gas Y is generated as indicated by an arrow in
Here, as shown in
Additionally, as shown in
Here, as described above, the extended chamber 8 is connected to the cooling chamber 10 in a state where the partition door 9 protrudes inward from a side into the gas cooling chamber, but secures the pressure resistance of the cooling chamber 10. That is, although the extended chamber 8 and the cooling chamber 10 are connected together by welding, if the partition door 9 is brought close to a side wall of the cooling chamber 10, a welding line becomes complicated and it becomes difficult to guarantee sufficient welding quality. Under such circumstances, the extended chamber 8 is connected to the cooling chamber 10 in a state where the partition door 9 protrudes inward from a side into the gas cooling chamber, that is, in a state where a portion of the extended chamber 8 is taken in.
However, the gas blow-in port 11a and the gas exhaust port 11b cannot be located concentrically with the cooling chamber 10 because the partition door 9 protrudes from a side into the gas cooling chamber. Here, it is possible to make the cooling chamber 10 have a larger diameter, that is, to enlarge the cooling chamber 10, thereby locating the gas blow-in port 11a and the gas exhaust port 11b concentrically with the cooling chamber 10. In this case, however, the volume of the gas cooling chamber (cooling space) increases, and cooling efficiency decreases. Hence, the diameter of the cooling chamber 10 is made as small as possible by displacing the gas blow-in port 11a and the gas exhaust port 11b with respect to the cooling chamber 10.
The gas cooler 12 is a heat exchanger that is provided on a downstream side of the gas exhaust port 11b and on an upstream side of the blower 13 in the above-described gas circulation path R and comprises of a gas cooling chamber 12a and a heat transfer pipe 12b. The gas cooling chamber 12a is a tubular body that has the first end communicating with the circulation chamber 11 and the second end communicating with the blower 13. The heat transfer pipe 12b is a metal pipe that is provided in a meandering state into such a gas cooling chamber 12a, and allows a predetermined liquid refrigerant to pass therethrough. Such a gas cooler 12 is cooled by exchanging the cooling gas Y flowing from the first end of the circulation chamber 11 to the second end with the liquid refrigerant within the heat transfer pipe 12b. A drain discharge mechanism (not shown) for discharging drain water accumulated at a lower part of the gas cooling chamber 12a is installed at a lower part of this gas cooler 12.
Here, the cooling gas Y that has contributed to the cooling of the treating target X in the cooling chamber 10 (gas cooling chamber) is heated with the heat that the treating target X holds, the treating target X being exhausted from the cooling chamber 10, that is, the gas cooling chamber. The gas cooler 12 cools the cooling gas Y heated in this way, for example, to a temperature (the temperature of the cooling gas Y blown out from the gas blow-in port 11a) before being used for the cooling of the treating target X.
The blower 13 is provided in the middle of the above-described gas circulation path R, that is, on a downstream side of the gas cooler 12, and includes a fan casing 13a, a turbofan 13b (fan), and a water-cooled motor 13c (motor). The fan casing 13a is a tubular body that has first end communicating with the gas cooling chamber 12a and the second end communicating with the circulation chamber 11. The turbofan 13b is a centrifugal fan that is accommodated within such a fan casing 13a. The water-cooled motor 13c is a drive part that rotates such a turbofan 13b. As shown in
As shown in
In such a blower 13, as shown in
In this way, the gas circulation path R is formed by interposing the gas cooling chamber 12a and the fan casing 13a in the middle of the circulation chamber 11. In more detail, the gas circulation path R is formed by interposing the gas cooling chamber 12a so as to be located on an upstream side of the fan casing 13a in a flow direction of the cooling gas Y. Additionally, a supply and exhaust port 11c is provided on a downstream side of the fan casing 13a in the circulation chamber 11 that forms such a gas circulation path R.
The cooling gas introduction pipe 14 is a pipe connected to the supply and exhaust port 11c, and is a pipe for introducing ambient air (that is, the cooling gas Y) into the gas circulation path R in the present embodiment from the outside of the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus. For example, a filter (not shown) for removing foreign matter contained in the ambient air is installed at an inlet of the cooling gas introduction pipe 14. In addition, as described above, in a case where air or other gas whose temperature or humidity is controlled is used as the cooling gas Y instead of the ambient air, a reserve tank for holding this gas is connected to the cooling gas introduction pipe 14. In addition, in a case where the reserve tank is installed, it is preferable to fill gas into the reserve tank with a pressure sufficiently higher than a supply pressure (the atmospheric pressure in the present embodiment) in the present embodiment when the cooling gas Y is supplied to the gas circulation path R. This makes it possible to supply gas to the gas circulation path R in a short time. In a case where gas is kept at high pressure in the reserve tank in this way, the atmospheric air or the ambient air from which steam is removed by a dryer or the like may be filled by a compressor. In addition, the atmospheric pressure herein means the pressure of the atmospheric air in a place where the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus of the present embodiment is installed.
The first control valve 15 is an on-off valve that allows and blocks passage of the cooling gas Y. That is, in a case where the first control valve 15 is in a closed state, supply of the cooling gas Y from the cooling gas introduction pipe 14 to the supply and exhaust port 11c is blocked, and in a case where the first control valve 15 is in an open state, the cooling gas Y is supplied from the cooling gas introduction pipe 14 to the supply and exhaust port 11c. The cooling gas introduction pipe 14 and the first control valve 15 are equivalent to cooling gas supply means of the present disclosure configured to supply the cooling gas Y to the cooling chamber 10 through the circulation chamber 11.
The exhaust pump 16 is connected to the supply and exhaust port 11c via the second control valve 17, and exhausts the cooling gas Y within the gas circulation path R to the outside via the supply and exhaust port 11c. The second control valve 17 is an on-off valve that determines the flow of the cooling gas Y from the supply and exhaust port 11c to the exhaust pump 16. That is, in a case where the second control valve 17 is in the closed state, the flow (exhaust) of the cooling gas Y from the supply and exhaust port 11c to the exhaust pump 16 is blocked, and in a case where the second control valve 17 is in the open state, the flow of the cooling gas Y from the supply and exhaust port 11c to the exhaust pump 16 is allowed. The exhaust pump 16 and the second control valve 17 are equivalent to an exhaust device of the present disclosure that evacuates the cooling chamber 10 through the circulation chamber 11.
The power supply device 18 supplies electric power to the water-cooled motor 13c of the blower 13 under the control of the control device C, and is electrically connected to the water-cooled motor 13c. The power supply device 18 makes it possible to adjust a driving voltage applied to the water-cooled motor 13c, and makes a driving voltage applied to the water-cooled motor 13c at the start of supply of the cooling gas Y to the gas circulation path R lower than a driving voltage applied to the water-cooled motor 13c after the supply of the cooling gas Y to the gas circulation path R is completed, under the control of the control device C.
Subsequently, the mist cooling device RM is a device that cools the treating target X using mist as a predetermined cooling medium, and is provided below the conveyance chamber 1. The mist cooling device RM sprays the mist as the cooling medium from a plurality of nozzles provided around the treating target X to the treating target X, which is accommodated within the chamber in a state where the treating target X is placed on the above-described mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2, thereby cooling (mist-cooling) the treating target X. In addition, an internal space of such a mist cooling device RM is a mist cooling chamber, and the cooling medium is water.
The three heating devices K are devices that heat-treat the treating target X, and are provided above the conveyance chamber 1. Each of the heating devices K includes a chamber, a plurality of electric heaters, an evacuate pump, and the like. The treating target X accommodated within the chamber in a state where the treating target X is placed on the heating chamber lifting platforms 7a to 7c by using the evacuate pump is placed in a predetermined pressure-reduced atmosphere, and the treating target X is uniformly heated with a plurality of heaters provided around the treating target X in the pressure-reduced atmosphere. In addition, the internal space of each heating device K is an individual heating chamber.
Additionally, the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus of the present embodiment includes the control panel (not shown) to which an operator inputs setting information, such as heat-treatment conditions, and the control device C that controls the respective pusher mechanisms 4a and 4b; 5a and 5b; and 6a and 6b, the partition door 9, the first control valve 15, the exhaust pump 16, the second control valve 17, the power supply device 18, and the like on the basis of the above setting information and control programs stored in advance, as electrical constituent elements.
In the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, the control device C evacuates the cooling chamber 10 using the exhaust pump 16 and the second control valve 17 before the treating target X is carried into the cooling chamber 10. Additionally, the control device C causes the cooling gas introduction pipe 14 and the first control valve 15 to supply the cooling gas Y to the cooling chamber 10 after the treating target X is carried into the cooling chamber 10. In this case, the control device C starts the blower 13 before the cooling gas Y is supplied to the cooling chamber 10. Accordingly, when the cooling gas Y is supplied to the circulation chamber 11, the turbofan 13b of the blower 13 is first rotationally driven, and the cooling gas Y is supplied to the circulation chamber 11 and simultaneously the flow of the cooling gas Y is formed in the gas circulation path R. For this reason, the cooling rate of the treating target X can be improved.
Additionally, the control device C performs control such that the driving voltage of the blower 13 at the start of supply of the cooling gas Y to the cooling chamber 10 by the cooling gas introduction pipe 14 and the first control valve 15 becomes lower than the driving voltage of the blower 13 at the completion of supply of the cooling gas Y by the cooling gas introduction pipe 14 and the first control valve 15. Accordingly, even if the water-cooled motor 13c is driven when the gas circulation path R is in an evacuate state, electrical discharge can be prevented from occurring in the water-cooled motor 13c.
As described above, in the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus related to the present embodiment, the three (a plurality of) heating devices K are disposed across the conveyance chamber 1 in a top view, and the treating target X is accommodated in each heating device K via the conveyance chamber 1. Additionally, the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus related to the present embodiment includes the cooling chamber 10 provided adjacent to the conveyance chamber 1 in the top view, and is enabled to cool the treating target X in the cooling chamber 10.
Next, the operation of the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus configured in this way, particularly, the cooling operation of the treating target X in the gas cooling device RG (gas cooling chamber) will be described in detail. In addition, in the following, the operation in a case where quenching treatment is performed on the treating target X, using one heating device K (heating chamber) and the gas cooling device RG (gas cooling chamber), will be described as an example of heat treatment of the treating target X by the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus.
First, an operator manually operates the conveying carriage 10b, thereby carrying the treating target X into the cooling chamber 10 (gas cooling chamber). Then, the operator bolts the closing plate 10d to the workpiece inlet/outlet 10a and seals the workpiece inlet/outlet 10a, thereby ending preliminary work. Then, the operator manually operates the above control panel, thereby setting the heat-treatment conditions, and instructs the control device C to start heat treatment.
As a result, the control device C operates the evacuate pump connected to the conveyance chamber 1 or the like, and the exhaust pump 16 connected to the gas circulation path R, thereby turning the insides of the gas cooling chamber and the intermediate conveyance chamber, that is, the insides of the cooling chamber 10, the extended chamber 8, and the conveyance chamber 1 into a predetermined evacuate atmosphere, and further operates the cylinder mechanism 10e for entrance and exit, thereby moving the treating target X within the cooling chamber 10 onto the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2 within the conveyance chamber 1. Then, the control device C, for example, operates the pusher mechanism 6a, thereby moving the treating target X onto the heating chamber lifting platform 7c and further moving the treating target X to a heating device K (heating chamber) located immediately above the heating chamber lifting platform 7c to cause the heating device to perform the heat treatment according the above heat-treatment conditions.
Then, the control device C operates the pusher mechanism 6b, thereby moving the treating target X, which has completed the heat treatment, onto the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2 from the heating chamber lifting platform 7c, and further operates the cylinder mechanism 10e for entrance and exit, thereby moving the treating target X on the mist cooling chamber lifting platform 2 into the cooling chamber 10. In addition, during this movement, the control device C raises the partition door 9, thereby bringing the extended chamber 8 and the cooling chamber 10 into a communication state. If the movement of the treating target X to the cooling chamber 10 is completed, the partition door 9 is lowered and the communication state of the extended chamber 8 and the cooling chamber 10 is blocked. As a result, the cooling chamber 10 (gas cooling chamber) is completely isolated from the intermediate conveyance chamber.
As the partition door 9 is lowered to isolate the cooling chamber 10 in this way, the control device C applies a driving voltage to the power supply device 18, and starts the blower 13. That is, the control device C starts the blower 13 in a state where the gas circulation path R is evacuated. In addition, in a state where the cooling chamber 10 is evacuated, the inside of the water-cooled motor 13c of the blower 13 is brought into an evacuate state. For this reason, electrical discharge may occur by supplying electric power to the water-cooled motor 13c. Easy occurrence of electrical discharge is dependent on the height of the driving voltage. Hence, in the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, the control device C performs control such that the driving voltage of the blower 13 at the start of supply of the cooling gas Y to the cooling chamber 10 by the cooling gas introduction pipe 14 and the first control valve 15 becomes lower than the driving voltage of the blower 13 at the completion of supply of the cooling gas Y by the cooling gas introduction pipe 14 and the first control valve 15. Then, the control device C performs control such that the driving voltage of the blower 13 before the start of supply of the cooling gas Y become lower than the driving voltage of the blower 13 at the completion of supply of the cooling gas Y, similar to the driving voltage of the blower 13 at the start of supply of the cooling gas Y to the cooling chamber 10. This makes it possible to start the blower 13 before the supply of the cooling gas Y while suppressing the electrical discharge in the water-cooled motor 13c.
Additionally, in order to further suppress the electrical discharge in the water-cooled motor 13c, a driving voltage may be applied to the blower 13 after the supply of the cooling gas Y to the cooling chamber 10 is started. For example, the blower 13 may be started after the pressure of the gas circulation path R reaches 20 kPa to 50 kPa. Accordingly, since supply of electric power to the blower 13 is performed after the cooling gas Y flows into the inside of the water-cooled motor 13c, the electrical discharge in the water-cooled motor 13c can be further suppressed. However, in such a case, the blower 13 is started after waiting for the inflow of the cooling gas Y into the water-cooled motor 13c. For this reason, the time until forming a circulatory flow of the cooling gas Y becomes long, and the cooling rate of the treating target X is slightly delayed as compared with a case where the water-cooled motor 13c is started before the inflow of the cooling gas Y.
Subsequently, the control device C changes the state of the first control valve 15 from the closed state to the open state and sets the second control valve 17 to the closed state, thereby starting the supply of the cooling gas Y from the supply and exhaust port 11c into the gas circulation path R. Then, if a predetermined amount of the cooling gas Y is supplied into the gas circulation path R, the control device C changes the state of the first control valve 15 from the open state to the closed state, raises the driving voltage applied to the water-cooled motor 13c to circulate the cooling gas Y, and starts the supply of the liquid refrigerant to the heat transfer pipe 12b, thereby cooling the treating target X.
In such cooling processing of the treating target X in the gas cooling device RG, the treating target X is located immediately below the gas blow-in port 11a and immediately above the gas exhaust port 11b. Thus, the cooling gas Y is blown against the treating target X from immediately above the treating target X, and the cooling gas Y, which has contributed to the cooling, flows out from immediately below the treating target X and flows into the gas exhaust port 11b.
That is, the cooling gas Y, which has flowed from the gas blow-in port 11a to immediately above the treating target X, exclusively contributes to the cooling of the treating target X without substantially diffusing into a region other than the treating target X within the cooling chamber 10 (gas cooling chamber), and is exhausted from immediately below the treating target X to the circulation chamber 11. Hence, according to the gas cooling device RG, since most of the cold that the cooling gas Y has is used for the cooling of the treating target X, efficient gas cooling can be realized.
Here, in the gas cooling device RG, cooling efficiency is improved as much as possible by extending the gas blow-in port 11a to immediately above the treating target X and extending the gas exhaust port 11b to immediately below the treating target X, within the cooling chamber 10 (gas cooling chamber). However, the distance between the gas blow-in port 11a and the treating target X, and the distance between the gas exhaust port 11b and the treating target X may be made somewhat larger. For example, in a case where objects X to be treated with various sizes are heat-treated by the gas cooling device RG, it is necessary to secure the distance between the gas blow-in port 11a and the treating target X, and the distance between the gas exhaust port 11b and the treating target X to some extent according to the size of the treating target X.
If such cooling of the treating target X using the cooling gas Y is completed, the control device C changes the state of the second control valve 17 from the closed state to the open state and operates the exhaust pump 16, thereby exhausting the cooling gas Y within the gas circulation path R from the supply and exhaust port 11c to the outside. Accordingly, since cooling gas Y is eliminated from the inside of the gas circulation path R and the inside of the gas cooling chamber, the closing plate 10d can be made to be able to release from the workpiece inlet/outlet 10a, and the treating target X can be carried out from the workpiece inlet/outlet 10a to the outside.
Additionally, according to the gas cooling device RG, by providing the gas circulation path R, the cooling gas Y heated by being used for the cooling of the treating target X is cooled and reused for the cooling of the treating target X. Thus, the amount of the cooling gas Y used can be markedly reduced as compared with a case where the cooling gas Y used for the cooling of the treating target X is discarded.
According to the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus of the present embodiment as described above, the cooling chamber 10 that cools the treating target X with the cooling gas Y containing an oxidizer is included. In the cooling of the treating target by the mist cooling using steam, it is confirmed that grain boundary oxidation does not occur in a surface layer of the treating target, irrespective of containing the oxidizer (oxygen) in steam, and the resistance of the treating target does not decrease. For this reason, even in a case where the cooling gas containing an oxidizer is used as in the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, the treating target X can be cooled without causing such grain boundary oxidation which does not satisfy desired resistance, in the surface layer of the treating target X. Hence, according to the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, the treating target X can be cooled using the cooling gas containing an oxidizer, and it is possible to enhance the degree of freedom of selection of the cooling gas while realizing desired heat treatment on the treating target X.
In addition, in the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, operation conditions (the temperature, flow rate, and cooling time of the cooling gas Y) is determined in advance by experiment such that the grain boundary oxidation does not occur in the treating target X. Here, the grain boundary oxidation means a phenomenon in which grain boundaries of a metallic surface layer are oxidized by oxygen in a high-temperature environment and oxides adhere to the grain boundaries. Additionally, it is also known that the resistance of a metal surfaces decreases as the grain boundary oxidation occurs. Then, in the case of the present disclosure, the operation conditions in which the grain boundary oxidation does not occur for each type or number of the treating target X subjected to heat treatment are stored in the control device C, and controls operation on the conditions that the grain boundary oxidation does not occur if an operator inputs the type or number of the treating target X on the control panel or the like. Even in such a case, it is considered that the outermost surface layer of the treating target X is oxidized and the surface of the treating target X is colored. The coloring of the above the outermost surface layer indicates coloring in a range of angstrom order from the surface layer of the treating target X toward a deep portion thereof. Meanwhile, the grain boundary oxidation is a phenomenon in which grain boundaries of crystals on the surface of the treating target X are oxidized, and occurs in a range of tens of micrometers from the surface of the treating target X in a depth direction thereof. In a case where the grain boundary oxidation has occurred, the treating target X is affected in the way of such as decrease of resistance. However, in case of coloring since the coloring occurs only in the outermost surface layer portion, the treating target X, such as a metal component, which is assumed in the present application, is not affected. Hence, the resistance of the treating target X does not decrease due to the coloring occurring in the present disclosure.
Additionally, it was found that, if the cooling rate of the treating target X is quick, occurrence of the grain boundary oxidation is further suppressed. It is considered that this is because oxidization of the treating target X starts at the beginning of cooling and the oxidization proceeds deeper in a portion that is hard to cool. In contrast, in the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, the blower 13 is started before the cooling gas Y is supplied to the cooling chamber 10. Accordingly, when the cooling gas Y is supplied to the circulation chamber 11, the turbofan 13b of the blower 13 is first rotationally driven, the cooling gas Y is supplied to the circulation chamber 11 and simultaneously the flow of the cooling gas Y is formed in the gas circulation path R, and the cooling rate of the treating target X is improved. Hence, according to the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, it is possible to more reliably suppress the grain boundary oxidation of the treating target X. Additionally, in a case where air is used as the cooling gas Y and in a case where the gas pressure of the air is made higher than the atmospheric pressure, the cooling gas Y can be supplied to the circulation chamber 11 in a shorter time than the time when the pressure of the air that is the cooling gas Y is the atmospheric pressure, and thus the cooling rate of the treating target X can be improved, and it is possible to more reliably suppress the grain boundary oxidation of the treating target X.
Although the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure has been described above referring to the attached drawings, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiment. In addition, various shapes, combinations, and the like of the respective constituent members that are shown in the above-described embodiment are examples, and can be variously changed on the basis of design requirements or the like without departing from the spirit of this disclosure.
For example, as shown in
Moreover, as shown in
Additionally, although the gas circulation path R is provided in the above embodiment, the present disclosure is not limited to this. The gas circulation path R may be removed and the cooling gas used for the cooling of the treating target X may be discarded.
Moreover, although the three heating devices K (heating chambers) are provided in the above embodiment, the present disclosure is not limited to this. The number of heating devices K (heating chambers) may be one, two, or four or more.
Additionally, an example in which the present disclosure is applied in the multi-chamber type heat treatment apparatus including the intermediate conveying device H (extended chamber 8) has been described in the above embodiment. However, the present disclosure is not limited to this and can be applied to a heat treatment apparatus not including the intermediate conveying device H. For example, it is also possible to apply the present disclosure to a heat treatment apparatus with only two chambers of the heating chamber and the gas cooling chamber, and to use the cooling gas containing an oxidizer as a cooling gas to be used in the gas cooling chamber.
According to the heat treatment apparatus of the present disclosure, the treating target can be cooled using the cooling gas containing an oxidizer, and it is possible to enhance the degree of freedom of selection of the cooling gas while realizing desired heat treatment on the treating target.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015-106336 | May 2015 | JP | national |
This application is a continuation application based on PCT Patent Application No. PCT/JP2016/057012, filed on Mar. 7, 2016, whose priority is claimed on Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-106336, filed May 26, 2015. The contents of both the PCT Patent Application and the Japanese Patent Applications are incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/JP2016/057012 | Mar 2016 | US |
| Child | 15716837 | US |
