Patent Application
20180010854
Embodiments described herein relates to a heat treatment device.
As a heat treatment device including a heat treatment chamber which accommodates an object to be treated, a cooling gas supply unit which supplies a cooling gas into the heat treatment chamber, and a cooling gas circulation unit which circulates the cooling gas in the heat treatment chamber, for example, a multi-chamber type multi-cooling vacuum furnace disclosed in the following Patent Document 1 is known. The multi-chamber type multi-cooling vacuum furnace includes a liquid nozzle and a gas nozzle disposed in a cooling chamber so as to surround the object to be treated and configured to supply a cooling liquid and a cooling gas.
[Patent Document 1]
When a gas cooling operation is performed in a heat treatment process, an inert gas may be used as the cooling gas. The inert gas such as nitrogen gas, argon gas or the like may be used as the cooling gas, and in the gas cooling operation of so-called bright heat treatment, the nitrogen gas is generally used. When the nitrogen gas is used as the cooling gas, it is necessary to increase a gas density in order to enhance cooling capacity. However, when enhancement of the cooling capacity is pursued, a container capable of enduring a high pressure, a unit for increasing a pressure of the cooling gas or the like is required, and inspection of such facilities is also necessary.
The present disclosure was made in view of the above-described circumstances and has an object to provide a heat treatment device which is capable of enhancing cooling capacity even if a pressure of a cooling gas is reduced.
A first aspect of the present disclosure provides a heat treatment device including: a heat treatment chamber which accommodates an object to be treated; a cooling gas supply unit which supplies a cooling gas into the heat treatment chamber; a cooling gas circulation unit which circulates the cooling gas in the heat treatment chamber; and a gas purge unit which gas-purges, with an inert gas, a portion in which there is a possibility of mixing of the cooling gas supplied into the heat treatment chamber and an oxygen gas, in which the cooling gas supply unit supplies a hydrogen gas into the heat treatment chamber as the cooling gas.
In the present disclosure, hydrogen gas is used as a cooling gas, and an object to be treated is cooled by circulating the hydrogen gas in a heat treatment chamber. Since the hydrogen gas has a heat transfer rate of about 2.2 times that of nitrogen gas, cooling capacity can be enhanced even if a pressure of the cooling gas is reduced. Meanwhile, when the hydrogen gas is mixed with oxygen gas, the hydrogen gas may be ignited and burnt by even a slight spark. Therefore, by performing gas purging with the inert gas at a portion in which there is a possibility of mixing of the cooling gas supplied into the heat treatment chamber and the oxygen gas, mixing of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas at the portion can be reliably prevented. Accordingly, the hydrogen gas can be safely used as the cooling gas.
Therefore, according to the present disclosure, it is possible to obtain a heat treatment device which can enhance the cooling capacity even if the pressure of the cooling gas is reduced.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. A multi-chamber type heat treatment device is an exemplary example of a heat treatment device of the present disclosure.
As shown in
As shown in
The conveying chamber 1 is provided between the mist cooling unit RM and the three heating units K. As shown in
The mist cooling chamber lifting table 2 is a support table on which the object X to be treated is loaded when the object X to be treated is cooled by the mist cooling unit RM, and is lifted by a lifting mechanism that is not shown in the drawings. That is, the object X to be treated is moved between the intermediate conveying unit H and the mist cooling chamber lifting table 2 by an operation of the lifting mechanism while loaded on the mist cooling chamber lifting table 2.
As shown in the drawings, the plurality of conveying rails 3 are installed on the bottom portion of the conveying chamber 1, the mist cooling chamber lifting table 2, the heating chamber lifting tables 7a to 7c, and a bottom portion of the expansion chamber 8. The conveying rails 3 serve as guide members (guiding members) for moving the object X to be treated in the conveying chamber 1 and the expansion chamber 8. The three pairs of pusher mechanisms 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a and 6b serve as conveying actuators which press the object X to be treated in the conveying chamber 1 and the expansion chamber 8.
That is, among the three pairs of pusher mechanisms 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a and 6b, the mechanisms which are arranged on the same straight line move the object X to be treated between the mist cooling chamber lifting table 2 and the corresponding one of the three heating chamber lifting tables 7a to 7c. For example, one pusher mechanism 4a of the pair of pusher mechanisms 4a and 4b presses the object X to be treated from the heating chamber lifting table 7a toward the mist cooling chamber lifting table 2, and the other pusher mechanism 4b presses the object X to be treated from the mist cooling chamber lifting table 2 toward the heating chamber lifting table 7a.
The plurality of conveying rails 3 guide the object X to be treated to move smoothly when the object X to be treated is moved (conveyed) using the three pairs of pusher mechanisms 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a and 6b. The plurality of conveying rails 3 also guide movement of a pressing part which is installed at each of front ends of the three pairs of pusher mechanisms 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a and 6b.
The three heating chamber lifting tables 7a to 7c are support tables on which the object X to be treated is loaded when the object X to be treated is heated by each of the heating units K, and are provided just below each of the heating units K. The heating chamber lifting tables 7a to 7c are lifted up and down by lifting mechanisms which are not shown, thereby moving the object X to be treated between the intermediate conveying unit H and each of the heating units K.
The three heating units K perform heating treatment on the object X to be treated and are provided above the conveying chamber 1. Each of the three heating units K has a heating chamber, a plurality of electric heaters and so on provided therein, and evenly heats the object X to be treated, which is loaded on each of the heating chamber lifting tables 7a to 7c and is accommodated in the heating chamber, under a predetermined reduced pressure atmosphere.
The mist cooling unit RM performs cooling treatment on the object X to be treated using a mist of a predetermined cooling medium and is provided below the conveying chamber 1. The mist cooling unit RM has a mist cooling chamber provided therein and cools (mist-cools) the object X to be treated, which is loaded on the mist cooling chamber lifting table 2 and is accommodated in the mist cooling chamber, by spraying the mist of the cooling medium from a plurality of nozzles provided around the object X to be treated. The cooling medium is, for example, water.
The expansion chamber 8 is an approximately box-shaped expansion container which is connected to a side portion of the conveying chamber 1 and is conveniently provided for connecting the intermediate conveying unit H with the gas cooling unit RG One end of the expansion chamber 8 is in communication with the side portion of the conveying chamber 1, and the partition door 9 is provided at the other end of the expansion chamber 8. Further, the conveying rail 3 for moving the object X to be treated is installed on the bottom portion of the expansion chamber 8.
The partition door 9 partitions the intermediate conveying chamber, which is the internal space of the expansion chamber 8, and a gas cooling chamber 10 (heat treatment chamber) of the gas cooling unit RG and is vertically provided on the other end of the expansion chamber 8. That is, the partition door 9 is moved up and down by a driving mechanism which is not shown, thereby opening or closing the other end of the expansion chamber 8.
Next, the gas cooling unit RG will be described. The gas cooling unit RG cools the object X to be treated using a cooling gas, and hydrogen gas (H2 gas) is used as the cooling gas. As shown in
The gas cooling chamber 10 includes an object accommodation part 11, a cooling gas circulation part 12, a heat exchange part 13 and so on. The object accommodation part 11 is a container which has a shape having high pressure resistance, i.e., an approximately cylindrical shape both end surfaces of which are rounded, and is provided longitudinally (so that a radial direction thereof becomes horizontal) to be adjacent to the expansion chamber 8 which constitutes the intermediate conveying chamber.
The object accommodation part 11 is connected to the expansion chamber 8 in a state in which a part of the expansion chamber 8 is accommodated therein, i.e., a state in which the partition door 9 protrudes into the gas cooling chamber 10 from a side of the gas cooling chamber 10. Additionally, in the object accommodation part 11, a workpiece entrance door 11a is provided at a position facing the partition door 9. The workpiece entrance door 11a opens and closes a workpiece entrance through which the object X to be treated is put in and taken out between an outside and an inside of the gas cooling chamber.
A mounting table 10b which holds the object X to be treated at a predetermined height is provided at an inner side of the workpiece entrance door 11a. The object X to be treated which is held on the mounting table 10b is moved by an entrance cylinder mechanism 10c shown in
The cooling gas circulation part 12 is an annular container which connects the object accommodation part 11 with the heat exchange part 13. As shown in
A vacuum pump 12d is connected to the cooling gas circulation part 12 via an exhaust pipe 12c. The vacuum pump 12d exhausts a gas in the gas cooling chamber 10 to an outside through the exhaust pipe 12c. For example, a roots pump may be used as the vacuum pump 12d. An opening and closing valve 12c1 which controls exhaust of the gas is provided at the exhaust pipe 12c disposed between the cooling gas circulation part 12 and the vacuum pump 12d. A downstream side of the vacuum pump 12d is branched into an atmosphere open pipe 12e and a hydrogen gas recovery pipe 12f. An opening and closing valve 12e1 is provided at the atmosphere open pipe 12e, and an opening and closing valve 12f1 is provided at the hydrogen gas recovery pipe 12f.
The heat exchange part 13 is provided at the cooling gas circulation part 12 located downstream from (at an exhaust side of) the gas exhaust port 12b and has a heat exchanger 13a. The heat exchanger 13a has a plurality of heat transfer pipes which are provided meanderingly, and a liquid refrigerant is inserted thereinto. The heat exchange part 13 cools the cooling gas by allowing the cooling gas, which flows from one end of the cooling gas circulation part 12 toward the other end of the cooling gas circulation part 12 via the object accommodation part 11, to exchange heat with the liquid refrigerant in the heat transfer pipes. In the heat exchange part 13, the cooling gas heated by the object X to be treated is cooled to, for example, a temperature from before it was provided to cool the object X to be treated (a temperature of the cooling gas blown out from the gas blowing port 12a).
The cooling gas supply unit 20 includes a supply tank 21, a cooling gas supply pipe 22, an opening and closing valve 23 and so on. The supply tank 21 stores the hydrogen gas, which is used as the cooling gas, in a high pressure state. The supply tank 21 is connected to the gas cooling chamber 10 through the cooling gas supply pipe 22. The opening and closing valve 23 allows/blocks passage of the cooling gas in the cooling gas supply pipe 22. When the opening and closing valve 23 is in a closed state, supply of the cooling gas from the supply tank 21 into the gas cooling chamber 10 is blocked, and when the opening and closing valve 23 is in an opened state, the cooling gas is supplied from the supply tank 21 into the gas cooling chamber 10.
The cooling gas circulation unit 30 includes a turbo fan 31 (an impeller), a rotary shaft 32, a motor 33, a seal member 34 and so on. The turbo fan 31 is a centrifugal fan which is provided in the gas cooling chamber 10. The rotary shaft 32 extends horizontally, passes through a wall portion 10a of the gas cooling chamber 10 and is connected to the turbo fan 31. The motor 33 is a power source which rotates the rotary shaft 32 and is provided outside the gas cooling chamber 10. For example, a water cooling motor may be used as the motor.
The motor 33 includes a gas introduction part 33a which introduces an inert gas thereinto, and a gas exhaust part 33b which discharges the inert gas from an inside thereof. The gas introduction part 33a and the gas exhaust part 33b are openings provided at a housing of the motor 33 which accommodates a rotor and a stator. The seal member 34 is provided around the rotary shaft 32 and seals between the gas cooling chamber 10 and the motor 33. For example, a segment seal may be used as the seal member 34.
The gas purge unit 40 allows at least the motor 33 to be gas-purged with the inert gas. The gas purge unit 40 includes a supply tank 41, a gas purge chamber 42, a first gas purge pipe 43, a second gas purge pipe 44, a third gas purge pipe 45 and so on. The supply tank 41 stores the inert gas, which is used for gas purge, in a high pressure state. Nitrogen gas, argon gas or the like may be used as the inert gas, and in the embodiment, the supply tank 41 stores the relatively inexpensive nitrogen gas (N2 gas).
The gas purge chamber 42 is a container which sealingly surrounds at least the motor 33. In the embodiment, the gas purge chamber 42 is configured to surround the gas cooling chamber 10 together with the motor 33. Specifically, the gas purge chamber 42 is formed to have approximately a box shape and surrounds the motor 33 and an upper surface and four side surfaces of the gas cooling chamber 10, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Additionally, the gas purge chamber 42 also surrounds at least a part of the expansion chamber 8 outside the partition door 9. An exhaust pipe 42a is provided at an upper surface of the gas purge chamber 42. The exhaust pipe 42a has a safety valve which is opened when a pressure is reached at a predetermined value of, for example, 1.1 bar or more.
The first gas purge pipe 43 supplies the inert gas into the motor 33. The first gas purge pipe 43 connects the supply tank 41 with the gas introduction part 33a of the motor 33. An opening and closing valve 43a is provided at the first gas purge pipe 43. The opening and closing valve 43a allows/blocks passage of the inert gas in the first gas purge pipe 43. When the opening and closing valve 43a is in a closed state, supply of the inert gas from the supply tank 41 into the motor 33 is blocked, and when the opening and closing valve 43a is in an opened state, the inert gas is supplied from the supply tank 41 into the motor 33.
The second gas purge pipe 44 supplies the inert gas into the gas purge chamber 42. The second gas purge pipe 44 connects the supply tank 41 with the gas purge chamber 42. An opening and closing valve 44a is provided at the second gas purge pipe 44. The opening and closing valve 44a allows/blocks passage of the inert gas in the second gas purge pipe 44. When the opening and closing valve 44a is in a closed state, supply of the inert gas from the supply tank 41 into the gas purge chamber 42 is blocked, and when the opening and closing valve 44a is in an opened state, the inert gas is supplied from the supply tank 41 into the gas purge chamber 42.
The third gas purge pipe 45 supplies the inert gas into the gas cooling chamber 10. The third gas purge pipe 45 connects the supply tank 41 with the gas cooling chamber 10. An opening and closing valve 45a is provided at the third gas purge pipe 45. The opening and closing valve 45a allows/blocks passage of the inert gas in the third gas purge pipe 45. When the opening and closing valve 45a is in a closed state, supply of the inert gas from the supply tank 41 into the gas cooling chamber 10 is blocked, and when the opening and closing valve 45a is in an opened state, the inert gas is supplied from the supply tank 41 into the gas cooling chamber 10.
Next, the constitution of the hydrogen gas recovery unit 50 will be described with reference to
The hydrogen gas recovery unit 50 recovers the hydrogen gas which is supplied as the cooling gas into the gas cooling chamber 10. As shown in
As shown in
Among the plurality of recovery tanks 51a to 51d, the recovery tanks 51a to 51c (first recovery tanks) are provided to recover the hydrogen gas in the gas cooling chamber 10 by performing a pressure equalizing operation multiple times (three times in the embodiment (this will be described below)). The recovery tank 51d (second recovery tank) is provided to recover the hydrogen gas in the gas cooling chamber 10 by driving of the vacuum pump 12d after the pressure equalizing operation is performed multiple times. The compressor 52 pressurizes the hydrogen gas recovered in the plurality of recovery tanks 51a to 51d and then supplies the pressurized hydrogen gas to the cooling gas supply unit 20.
The hydrogen gas supply pipe 53 supplies the hydrogen gas pressurized by the compressor 52 into the supply tank 21 of the cooling gas supply unit 20. The supply tank 21 of the embodiment includes a plurality of supply tanks 21a to 21c. Opening and closing valves 53a to 53c provided at the hydrogen gas supply pipe 53 allow/block passage of the hydrogen gas into the supply tanks 21a to 21c, respectively. For example, when the opening and closing valve 53a is in a closed state, supply of the hydrogen gas from the hydrogen gas supply pipe 53 into the supply tank 21a is blocked, and when the opening and closing valve 53a is in an opened state, the hydrogen gas is supplied from the hydrogen gas supply pipe 53 into the supply tank 21a.
Next, an operation of the multi-chamber type heat treatment device A having the above-described constitution, in particular, a cooling operation of the object X to be treated in the gas cooling chamber 10, will be described in detail.
First, a worker places the object X to be treated in the object accommodation part 11 (gas cooling chamber) through the workpiece entrance door 11a. Then, the worker closes airtightly the workpiece entrance door 11a, sets a heat treatment condition by manually operating an operation panel which is not shown and also instructs a controller which is not shown to start a heat treatment operation. The controller moves the object X to be treated to the heating unit K and performs a heating process on the basis of the set heat treatment condition. If necessary, the object X to be treated after the heating process is mist-cooled by the mist cooling unit RM, is then conveyed to the gas cooling unit RG by the entrance cylinder mechanism 10c, and is disposed between the gas blowing port 12a and the gas exhaust port 12b while held on the mounting table 10b.
Then, the controller drives the gas cooling unit RG to gas-cool the object X to be treated. Specifically, the controller drives the cooling gas supply unit 20 to supply the hydrogen gas into the gas cooling chamber 10. When the opening and closing valve 23 is switched from the closed state to the opened state by the controller, the hydrogen gas is supplied from the cooling gas supply pipe 22 into the gas cooling chamber 10. When a predetermined amount of hydrogen gas is supplied into the gas cooling chamber 10, the controller switches the opening and closing valve 23 from the opened state to the closed state, drives the cooling gas circulation unit 30 to start circulation of the hydrogen gas and thus starts a cooling process of the object X to be treated according to the heat treatment condition.
When the cooling gas circulation unit 30 is driven, a flow of the hydrogen gas (clockwise in the example of
As described above, in the embodiment, the hydrogen gas is used as the cooling gas for the cooling process of the object X to be treated, and the object X to be treated is cooled by circulating the hydrogen gas in the gas cooling chamber 10. Since the hydrogen gas has a heat transfer rate of about 2.2 times that of nitrogen gas, the cooling capacity can be enhanced even if the pressure of the cooling gas is reduced. For example, assuming that the gas cooling chamber 10 has a volume of 2 m3, each of the supply tanks 21a to 21c has a volume of 1.5 m3 and a pressure of the hydrogen gas stored in each of the supply tanks 21a to 21c is 10 bar, a pressure in the gas cooling chamber 10 when the opening and closing valve 23 is opened is about 6.9 bar. In order to achieve such cooling capacity with the nitrogen gas, a pressure of about 15.2 bar is required.
Meanwhile, when the hydrogen gas is mixed with oxygen gas, the hydrogen gas may be ignited and burnt by even a slight spark. Therefore, in the embodiment, the seal member 34 is provided around the rotary shaft 32 which is rotated by the motor 33 of the cooling gas circulation unit 30 to seal a space between the motor 33 and the gas cooling chamber 10 in which the hydrogen gas is contained. Further, since it is difficult to completely airtightly seal around the rotary shaft 32, in the embodiment, the gas purge unit 40 is provided to allow an inside of the motor 33 to be gas-purged with the inert gas, thereby reliably preventing mixing of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas in the motor 33. Accordingly, the hydrogen gas can be safely used as the cooling gas.
Specifically, the gas purge unit 40 includes the first gas purge pipe 43 which supplies the nitrogen gas into the motor 33, the gas purge chamber 42 which surrounds at least the motor 33, and the second gas purge pipe 44 which supplies the nitrogen gas into the gas purge chamber 42. According to such a constitution, since the atmosphere in the motor 33 is replaced with the nitrogen gas and the atmosphere outside the motor 33 is also replaced with the nitrogen gas, the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas can be reliably prevented from being mixed in the motor 33 and therearound.
Also, in the embodiment, since the gas purge chamber 42 surrounds the gas cooling chamber 10 together with the motor 33, it is possible to entirely surround a portion which uses the hydrogen gas including the gas cooling chamber 10. Further, in the embodiment, since the gas purge chamber 42 also surrounds a part of the expansion chamber 8 outside the partition door 9 which partitions between the gas cooling chamber 10 and the expansion chamber 8, the mixing of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas can be reliably prevented. Furthermore, since the gas purge chamber 42 has the exhaust pipe 42a having the safety valve, a pressure can be reduced to a predetermined value or less even when the hydrogen gas leaks into the gas purge chamber 42, and thus the hydrogen gas can be reliably prevented from being spontaneously ignited.
Since the hydrogen gas has the higher cooling capacity than the nitrogen gas but is more expensive than the nitrogen gas, it is preferable to reduce consumption of the hydrogen gas. Therefore, in the embodiment, the hydrogen gas recovery unit 50 which recovers the hydrogen gas supplied into the gas cooling chamber 10 is provided.
In the recovery operation of the hydrogen gas, first, the opening and closing valve 51a1 shown in
Then, the opening and closing valve 51a1 is closed, and the opening and closing valve 51b1 is opened so that the recovery tank 51b communicates with the gas cooling chamber 10 (a second pressure equalizing operation: step S2). As a result, the pressure in the gas cooling chamber 10 is reduced from about 4.3 bar to about 2.75 bar.
Then, the opening and closing valve 51b1 is closed, and the opening and closing valve 51c1 is opened so that the recovery tank 51c communicates with the gas cooling chamber 10 (a third pressure equalizing operation: step S3). As a result, the pressure in the gas cooling chamber 10 is reduced from about 2.75 bar to about 1.85 bar.
In this way, the hydrogen gas recovery unit 50 recovers the hydrogen gas in the gas cooling chamber 10 into the recovery tanks 51a to 51c by performing the pressure equalizing operation multiple times. As a result, about 75% of the hydrogen gas can be recovered.
Then, the opening and closing valve 51c1 is closed, and the opening and closing valve 51d1 is opened so that the recovery tank 51d communicates with the gas cooling chamber 10. Additionally, the vacuum pump 12d is driven, and the hydrogen gas in the gas cooling chamber 10 is forcibly recovered into the recovery tank 51d (step S4). As a result, the pressure in the gas cooling chamber 10 is reduced from about 1.85 bar to about 0.1 bar.
As described above, after the pressure equalizing operation is performed multiple times, the hydrogen gas recovery unit 50 recovers the hydrogen gas in the gas cooling chamber 10 by the driving of the vacuum pump 12d. As a result, about 99% of the hydrogen gas can be recovered.
After the driving of the vacuum pump 12d, the nitrogen gas is supplied into the gas cooling chamber 10 through the third gas purge pipe 45, and the hydrogen gas which is not recovered is discharged to the atmosphere (step S5). Thus, the recovery operation of the hydrogen gas is completed.
The hydrogen gas recovered in the plurality of recovery tanks 51a to 51d is pressurized by the compressor 52 shown in
As described above, the above-described embodiment discloses the multi-chamber type heat treatment device A which includes the gas cooling chamber 10 which accommodates the object X to be treated, the cooling gas supply unit 20 which supplies the cooling gas into the gas cooling chamber 10, and the cooling gas circulation unit 30 which circulates the cooling gas in the gas cooling chamber 10. Further, the cooling gas supply unit 20 supplies the hydrogen gas as the cooling gas into the gas cooling chamber 10. By using the above-described constitution, the cooling capacity can be enhanced even when the pressure of the cooling gas is reduced.
Further, the cooling gas circulation unit 30 includes the turbo fan 31 which is provided in the gas cooling chamber 10, the rotary shaft 32 which passes through the wall portion 10a of the gas cooling chamber 10 and is connected to the turbo fan 31, the motor 33 which is provided outside the gas cooling chamber 10 and is configured to rotate the rotary shaft 32, and the gas purge unit 40 which gas-purges at least the motor 33 with the inert gas. By using the above-described constitution, the mixing of the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas is reliably prevented, and the hydrogen can be safely used as the cooling gas.
The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and for example, the following modified example can be considered.
According to the present disclosure, it is possible to obtain a heat treatment device which can enhance the cooling capacity even when the pressure of the cooling gas is reduced. Furthermore, the hydrogen gas can be safely used as the cooling gas.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015-087450 | Apr 2015 | JP | national |
This application is a continuation application based on a PCT Patent Application No.PCT/JP2016/056055, filed on Feb. 29, 2016, whose priority is claimed on Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-87450, filed on Apr. 22, 2015. The contents of both the PCT Application and the Japanese Application are incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/JP2016/056055 | Feb 2016 | US |
| Child | 15677100 | US |
