Information
-
Patent Grant
-
6168269
-
Patent Number
6,168,269
-
Date Filed
Monday, December 29, 199726 years ago
-
Date Issued
Tuesday, January 2, 200123 years ago
-
Inventors
-
Original Assignees
-
Examiners
- Barlow; John
- Stephens; Juanita
Agents
-
CPC
-
US Classifications
Field of Search
US
- 347 101
- 347 102
- 347 104
- 271 198
- 198 804
- 198 818
- 198 822
- 198 8441
- 198 850
- 034 611
- 034 616
- 034 617
- 034 618
- 034 619
- 034 620
- 034 621
- 400 635
- 400 636
- 219 216
- 219 656
- 219 619
- 219 653
- 219 670
-
International Classifications
-
Abstract
To maintain a uniform spacing between the print media, such as paper or fabric, and an inkjet printhead having a large print swath, for instance about 25 millimeters (one inch) wide, a new media support system is provided for inkjet printing mechanisms, such as printers or plotters. The support system employs an endless belt (62) driven from the belt interior surface by a roller drive system that uniformly supports the printhead media under the reciprocating printhead (54, 56). The belt may be lined with anti-cockle ribs or it may be foraminous, with a vacuum applied thereunder to pull the media onto the belt. An ink drying system is included for heating the belt and thus the media to avoid ink bleed. A method is also provided for supporting and transporting a large sheet of print media through a printzone of an inkjet printing mechanism having such a large swath inkjet head.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to inkjet printing mechanisms, such as printers or plotters. More particularly the present invention relates to a media support system for maintaining a uniform spacing between the print media, such as paper or fabric, and an inkjet printhead having a large print swath, for instance about 20 millimeters to 25 millimeters (about one inch) wide or wider, as well as a system for warming the media support to speed drying of the ink.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Inkjet printing mechanisms may be used in a variety of different products, such as plotters, facsimile machines and inkjet printers, to print images using a colorant, referred to generally herein as “ink.” These inkjet printing mechanisms use inkjet cartridges, often called “pens,” to shoot drops ink onto a page or sheet of print media. Some inkjet print mechanisms carry an ink cartridge with a full supply of ink back and forth across the sheet. Other inkjet print mechanisms, known as “off-axis” systems, propel only a small ink supply with the printhead carriage across the printzone, and store the main ink supply in a stationary reservoir, which is located “off-axis” from the path of printhead travel. Typically, a flexible conduit is used to convey the ink from the off-axis main reservoir to the printhead cartridge. In multi-color cartridges, several printheads and reservoirs are combined into a single unit, with each reservoir/printhead combination for a given color also being referred to herein as a “pen.”
Each pen has a printhead formed with very small nozzles through which the ink drops are fired. The particular ink ejection mechanism within the printhead may take on a variety of different forms known to those skilled in the art, such as those using piezo-electric or thermal printhead technology. For instance, two earlier thermal ink ejection mechanisms are shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,278,584 and 4,683,481, both assigned to the present assignee, Hewlett-Packard Company. In a thermal system, a barrier layer containing ink channels and vaporization chambers is located between a nozzle orifice plate and a substrate layer. This substrate layer typically contains linear arrays of heater elements, such as resistors, which are energized to heat ink within the vaporization chambers. Upon heating, an ink droplet is ejected from a nozzle associated with the energized resistor.
To clean and protect the printhead, typically a “service station” mechanism is mounted within the plotter chassis so the printhead can be moved to the station for maintenance. For storage, or during non-printing periods, the service stations usually include a capping system which hermetically seals the printhead nozzles from contaminants and drying. Some caps are also designed to facilitate priming, such as by being connected to a pumping unit or other mechanism that draws a vacuum on the printhead. During operation, clogs in the printhead are periodically cleared by firing a number of drops of ink through each of the nozzles in a process known as “spitting,” with the waste ink being collected in a “spittoon” reservoir portion of the service station. After spitting, uncapping, or occasionally during printing, most service stations have an elastomeric wiper that wipes the printhead surface to remove ink residue, as well as any paper dust or other debris that has collected on the face of the printhead.
To print an image, the printhead is scanned back and forth across a printzone above the sheet, with the pen shooting drops of ink as it moves. By selectively energizing the resistors as the printhead moves across the sheet, the ink is expelled in a pattern on the print media to form a desired image (e.g., picture, chart or text). The nozzles are typically arranged in one or more linear arrays which are typically oriented perpendicular to the scanning direction. Thus, the length of the nozzle arrays defines a print swath or band. That is, if all the nozzles of one array were continually fired as the printhead made one complete traverse through the printzone, a band or swath of ink would appear on the sheet. The width of this band is known as the “swath width” of the pen, the maximum pattern of ink which can be laid down in a single pass.
It is apparent that the speed of printing a sheet can be increased if the swath width is increased. That is, a printhead with a wider swath would require fewer passes across the sheet to print the entire image, and fewer passes would increase the throughput of the printing mechanism. “Throughput,” also known as the pages-per-minute rating, is often one of major considerations that a purchaser analyzes in deciding which printing mechanism to buy. While it may seem to the inexperienced an easy thing to accomplish, merely lengthening the nozzle array to increase throughput, this has not been the case. For thermal inkjet pens in particular, there are some physical and/or manufacturing constraints to the size of the substrate layer within the printhead. In the past, inkjet printheads have been limited in swath width to around 5.4 mm (millimeters) for tri-chamber color printheads, and around 12.5 mm (about one-half inch) for monochrome printheads, such as black printheads.
Recent breakthroughs in technology have given hope to developing a printhead with a 25 mm swath width (about one inch wide), which is double the width previously obtainable, and fixture developments may bring about even wider swath printheads. Unfortunately, the possibility of a wider swath width brings on other problems which have not previously been encountered, such as how to provide a uniformly level printing surface under the wider printhead. This media support issue is a significant problem in large format inkjet plotters, which feed media (e.g. paper or fabric) from a large roll for printing D-sized or E-sized engineering or architectural drawings, or posters, for instance. The length of the printzone in these plotters is often over a meter (around four feet). The use of inkjet plotters for printing on fabric provides clothing designers and others great new opportunities for creativity because they are no longer are restricted to only the fabric colors and patterns supplied by the textile manufacturers.
In the past, with a 12.5 mm (one-half inch) wide print swath, the media was adequately supported by a roller which ran across the entire length of the printzone. Using a roller with a diameter of about 75 mm (about three inches) supported the media nearly linearly at the one-half inch print swath across the entire printzone. That is, any variation in the media-to-printhead spacing along the length of the nozzle array yielded visually acceptable deviations in print quality using the earlier smaller swath printheads. While a simple answer may be to increase the roller diameter to accommodate the new larger printhead, in a commercially viable plotter, such a larger diameter roller would not be acceptable. A larger diameter roller would not only increase the cost and weight of the plotter, but it would also increase the overall size and weight of the plotter, undesirable side effects in today's compact office environments.
Another significant problem in these large format plotters is advancing the media very accurately from one print swath to the next. One system for moving the media through the plotter printzone is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,342,133 (“the '133 patent”), which is assigned to Hewlett-Packard Company, the assignee of the present invention. The plotter of the '133 patent grips the edges of the media to move it through the printzone. While the '133 patent worked well for the earlier inkjet pens having only a 12.5 mm (one-half inch) print swath, it was unable to maintain the uniform printhead to media spacing required for a 25 mm (one inch) wide printhead because the majority of the print swath was unsupported.
In large format plotters, the stiffness of the typical media (paper) is insufficient to enable driving the media along its edges while maintaining good positional accuracy in the middle of the sheet. That is, when the media is only supported along its edges, it tends to sag under its own weight, increasing the printhead-to-media spacing near the middle of the sheet, which can blur the center of the printed image. This deficiency of the '133 patent plotter becomes even more evident when printing an image that requires a large quantity of ink, which causes the media, especially paper or fabric, to become saturated and soggy.
For instance, plotters are typically used to print engineering and architectural drawings, but recent advances in technology make the printing of enlarged photographic images (e.g. posters or T-shirts) on D-sized and E-sized media now possible, both technologically and economically. These posters or T-shirts often carry photographic images that require far more ink than the normal engineering or architectural drawing, so there is a greater tendency for a photographic image to saturate the media with ink, causing an undesirable effect known in the art as “cockle.” The term cockle refers to the tendency of media, such as paper, to uncontrollably bend or buckle as the wet ink saturates the fibers of the medium and causes them to expand. This buckling or cockling causes the media to uncontrollably bend either downwardly away from the printhead, or upwardly toward the printhead, with either motion undesirably changing the printhead-to-media spacing and leading to poor print quality. Moreover, upward buckling can be extreme enough to cause the media to contact the printhead and possibly clog a nozzle and/or smear ink on the media, damaging the image.
Slow drying of the ink can also lead to ink bleeding problems, where the borders between regions of different colors become blurred as the wet inks mix together on the media. In inkjet printers, the problem of drying ink has been attacked by blowing warm air over the printzone to speed drying, for instance, as shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,296,873 and 5,406,316 assigned to the assignee, the Hewlett-Packard Company. Thus, in addition to supporting the media under these large printzones, a system for speeding ink drying is also needed to avoid these ink saturation problems.
Thus, whole new markets are now open for plotters having a high print quality and a high throughput, so that high quality poster-sized images and fabric designs may be rapidly printed, as well as the conventional engineering and architectural drawings.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
One aspect of the present invention addresses the printhead-to-media spacing problem by providing a media support system for an inkjet printing mechanism. Such a printing mechanism typically has a chassis with an inkjet printhead mounted thereto for reciprocal movement along a scanning axis across a printzone. The media support system includes an endless belt having an interior surface and an exterior surface. A transport system has a drive member-that engages the belt and a drive motor that selectively drives the drive member. The support system also has at least one support member, parallel to the scanning axis, that engages the interior surface of the belt adjacent the printzone to define a support zone along a portion of the belt exterior surface to support media thereon in a print plane under the length of the nozzle array across the printzone.
Another aspect of the present invention addresses the ink saturation problem by warming the media support system described above to speed drying of the ink on the media, particularly when printing photographic images or patterns requiring large volumes of ink. In the illustrated ink drying systems, heat may be applied to the media support belt through conductive, inductive, or radiation techniques, each of which serves to warm the media traveling through the printzone. The ink dries faster on the warmed media to speed throughput (sheets per minute printed), avoiding cockle difficulties and ink bleed problems.
In one illustrated embodiment, the support member comprises a shoe member that has a support surface of a low friction material over which the interior surface of the belt slides, with the shoe support surface being parallel to the belt support zone. The system may include an optional printhead-to-media spacing adjustment system that couples the shoe member to the printing mechanism chassis to selectively move the belt support zone toward or away from the printhead. In another illustrated embodiment, the media support system may include a second support member that is parallel to, and spaced apart from, the at least one support member to suspend the belt therebetween to define the support zone.
In yet another illustrated embodiment, the endless belt is a unitary belt extending across the printzone. In another embodiment, the support system further includes plural endless belts spaced apart from one another across the printzone. In another variation, the exterior surface of the endless belt has one or more ribs projecting upwardly therefrom and extending longitudinally in a direction perpendicular to the scanning axis. In still a further embodiment, the endless belt comprises a foraminous belt and the media support system may have a vacuum system having a vacuum source and an inlet plenum. The inlet plenum extends along the interior surface of the foraminous belt adjacent the printzone to pull media in the printzone into engagement with the support zone of the belt.
According to a further aspect of the invention, an inkjet printing mechanism is provided as including the media support system described above.
According to still another aspect of the invention, a method is provided for supporting media for printing in a printzone of an inkjet printing mechanism. The method includes the step of reciprocally moving an inkjet printhead along a scanning axis across the printzone, with the printhead having a nozzle array that is perpendicular to the scanning axis. In a driving step, an endless belt having an interior surface and an exterior surface is driven through the printzone. In a feeding step, media is fed through the printzone on a belt support zone defined by a portion of the belt exterior surface. In a supporting step, the belt interior surface opposite the support zone is supported with at least one support member that is parallel to the scanning axis so the support zone positions the media thereon in a print plane under the length of the nozzle array as the printhead moves reciprocally across the printzone during said moving step. A method is also provided for warming the media to reduce ink drying time, including the steps of applying heat to the endless belt and warming the media with the belt in the printzone.
An overall goal of the present invention is to provide an inkjet printing mechanism which reliably produces clear crisp images while accurately advancing a sheet through a printzone during printing, including printing of posters, fabric designs, and other images having a high ink content.
A further goal of the present invention is to provide a system and method of supporting a sheet of media uniformly under a wide swath inkjet printhead, such as one having a swath width on the order of at least 20 mm to 25 mm.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1
is a perspective view of one form of an inkjet printing mechanism, here an inkjet plotter, employing one form of a large inkjet print swath media support system of the present invention for maintaining a uniform spacing between print media and an inkjet printhead having a large print swath, for instance about 25 mm (one inch) wide.
FIG. 2
is an enlarged side elevational view of an attempt to employ a prior art media support system with the new wide swath printhead of FIG.
1
.
FIG. 3
is an enlarged side elevational view of the media support and drive system of FIG.
1
.
FIG. 4
is an enlarged side elevational view of a second embodiment of a media support and drive system of the present invention.
FIG. 5
is an enlarged perspective view of a third embodiment of a media support and drive system of the present invention.
FIG. 6
is an enlarged top plan view of a fourth embodiment of a media support and drive system of the present invention.
FIG. 7
is an enlarged front sectional view taken along lines
7
—
7
of FIG.
6
.
FIG. 8
is an enlarged perspective view of a fifth embodiment of a media support and drive system of the present invention.
FIG. 9
is an enlarged, partially schematic and partially cut away, front sectional view taken along lines
9
—
9
of FIG.
8
.
FIG. 10
is an enlarged, partially schematic, perspective view of the media support and drive system of
FIG. 1
, here showing first and second embodiments of an ink drying system of the present invention.
FIG. 11
is a partially schematic, enlarged perspective view of the media support and drive system of
FIG. 5
, here shown as including the first and second embodiments of the ink drying system of the present invention.
FIG. 12
is an enlarged, partially schematic, front elevational sectional view taken along lines
12
—
12
of FIG.
11
.
FIG. 13
is a partially schematic, enlarged side elevational view of the media support and drive system of
FIG. 4
, here shown including a third embodiment of the ink drying system of the present invention.
FIG. 14
is an enlarged, partially schematic perspective view of the media support and drive system of
FIG. 1
, here showing a fourth embodiment of the ink drying system of the present invention.
FIG. 15
is a partially schematic, enlarged perspective view of the media support and drive system of
FIG. 8
, here shown including a fifth embodiment of the ink drying system of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1
illustrates an embodiment of an inkjet printing mechanism, here shown as an inkjet plotter
20
, constructed in accordance with the present invention, which may be used for printing conventional engineering and architectural drawings, as well as high quality poster-sized images, and the like, in an industrial, office, home or other environment. A variety of inkjet printing mechanisms are commercially available. For instance, some of the printing mechanisms that may embody the present invention include desk top printers, portable printing units, copiers, cameras, video printers, and facsimile machines, to name a few. For convenience the concepts of the present invention are illustrated in the environment of an inkjet plotter
20
.
While it is apparent that the plotter components may vary from model to model, the typical inkjet plotter
20
includes a chassis
22
surrounded by a housing or casing enclosure
24
, typically of a plastic material or sheetmetal, together forming a print assembly portion
26
of the plotter
20
. While it is apparent that the print assembly portion
26
may be supported by a desk or tabletop, it is preferred to support the print assembly portion
26
with a pair of leg assemblies
28
. A print media handling system
30
, described in further detail below, feeds a continuous sheet of print media
32
supplied typically on a roller
34
through a printzone
35
. The print media may be any type of suitable sheet material, such as paper, poster board, fabric, transparencies, mylar, and the like, but for convenience, the illustrated embodiment is described using paper as the print medium.
The plotter
20
also has a plotter controller, illustrated schematically as a microprocessor
36
, that receives instructions from a host device, typically a computer, such as a personal computer or a computer aided drafting (CAD) computer system (not shown). The plotter controller
36
may also operate in response to user inputs provided through a key pad and status display portion
38
, located on the exterior of the casing
24
. A monitor coupled to the computer host may also be used to display visual information to an operator, such as the plotter status or a particular program being run on the host computer. Personal and drafting computers, their input devices, such as a keyboard and/or a mouse device, and monitors are all well known to those skilled in the art.
A carriage guide rod mounted to the chassis
22
slideably supports an inkjet carriage
40
for travel back and forth, reciprocally, by a carriage drive motor across the printzone
35
along a scanning axis
42
. The carriage drive motor operates in response to a control signal received from the controller
36
. One suitable type of carriage support system is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,342,133, assigned to Hewlett-Packard Company, the assignee of the present invention. The carriage
40
is also propelled along the guide rod into a servicing region housing a service station
44
, located within the interior of casing
24
. The service station
44
may be any type of servicing device, sized to service the particular printing cartridges used in a particular implementation. Service stations, such as those used in commercially available plotters and printers, typically include wiping, capping and priming devices, as well as a spittoon portion, as described above in the background portion. Suitable preferred service stations are commercially available in DeskJet® color inkjet printers, as well as in DesignJet® color plotters, all produced by Hewlett-Packard Company, of Palo Alto, Calif., the present assignee.
The pen carriage
40
is advanced across the printzone
35
by the carriage drive motor in response to control signals received from the plotter controller
36
. To provide carriage positional feedback information to controller
36
, a metallic encoder strip may extend along the length of the printzone
35
and over the service station
44
. A conventional optical encoder reader may be mounted on the back surface of printhead carriage
40
to read positional information provided by the encoder strip, for example, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,276,970, also assigned to Hewlett-Packard Company, the assignee of the present invention. The manner of providing positional feedback information via the encoder strip reader, may also be accomplished in a variety of ways known to those skilled in the art. Indeed, the carriage
40
may even be positioned using an open-loop control strategy with no feedback at all, such as by using a stepper motor to move the carriage and keeping track of the motor steps.
Upon completion of printing an image
45
, such as the landscape scene illustrated in
FIG. 1
, the carriage
40
latches onto a cutting mechanism portion of the media handling system
30
, such as a cutter which is normally housed at a home position within the casing
24
behind the region of keypad
38
as indicated by generally by item
46
. The carriage
40
then drags the cutter across the final trailing portion of the media, here past the top of image
45
, to sever the portion of the media sheet with image
45
from the remainder of the roll
34
. After cutting, the carriage
40
then returns the cutter to its home position at
46
. Suitable preferred cutter mechanisms are commercially available in DesignJet® 650C and 750C color plotters, produced by Hewlett-Packard Company, of Palo Alto, Calif., the present assignee. Of course, sheet severing may be accomplished in a variety of other ways known to those skilled in the art. Moreover, the illustrated inkjet printing mechanism may also be used for printing images on pre-cut sheets, rather than on media supplied in a roll
34
.
In the printzone
35
, the media sheet
32
receives ink from an inkjet cartridge, such as a monochrome black ink cartridge
50
and/or a color ink cartridge
52
. The cartridges
50
and
52
are also often called “pens” by those in the art. The illustrated color pen
52
is a tri-compartment, tri-color pen having three reservoirs that carry cyan, yellow and magenta color inks, whereas the monochrome black pen
50
has a single reservoir carrying black ink. In some embodiments, a set of discrete monochrome pens may be used, for instance, black, cyan, yellow and magenta pens, such as supplied in the DesignJet® 650C and 750C color plotters, produced by Hewlett-Packard Company, the present assignee. An “off-axis” system, having main stationary reservoirs for each ink (black, cyan, magenta, yellow) with a tube supply to their respective printheads, may be substituted for the replaceable cartridges
50
,
52
, so only a semi-permanent printhead assembly and a small ink supply would be propelled by a carriage across the printzone
35
. In an off-axis system, the semi-permanent printhead is replenished by ink conveyed through flexible tubing from a stationary main reservoir, which is located “off-axis” from the path of printhead travel. As used herein, the term “pen” or “cartridge” also refers to such an off-axis system, as well as the illustrated replaceable printhead cartridges
50
,
52
.
The illustrated pens
50
,
52
have printheads
54
,
56
respectively, for selectively ejecting the ink. While the color pen
52
may contain a pigment based ink, for the purposes of illustration, pen
52
is described as containing three dye based ink colors. The black ink pen
50
is illustrated herein as containing a pigment based ink. It is apparent that other types of inks may also be used in pens
50
,
52
, such as paraffin based inks, as well as hybrid or composite inks having both dye and pigment characteristics.
Each printhead
54
,
56
has an orifice plate with a plurality of nozzles formed therethrough in a pair of parallel, side-by-side linear arrays. Here, the monochrome black pen
50
has a large swath printhead, illustrated as having a pair of linear nozzle arrays each with a length of about 25 mm (about one inch) or greater, as mentioned in the Background portion above. It is apparent that the media support systems illustrated herein may also be used with printheads having shorter or longer nozzle arrays, such as one on the order of about 21 mm (⅚ of an inch). As noted above, the carriage
40
may be modified to carry the black pen
50
and three or more discrete monochrome color pens, which may each also have large swath printheads.
The illustrated printheads
54
,
56
are thermal inkjet printheads, although other types of printheads may be used, such as piezoelectric printheads. The printheads
54
,
56
include a substrate layer having a plurality of resistors which are associated with the nozzles. Upon energizing a selected resistor, a bubble of gas is formed to eject a droplet of ink from an associated nozzle and onto sheet
32
in the printzone
35
. Ink may also be ejected into a spittoon portion of the service station
44
during servicing, or to clear plugged nozzles. The printhead resistors are selectively energized in response to firing command control signals delivered by a multi-conductor strip from the controller
36
to the printhead carriage
40
.
Before describing a preferred embodiment of the media handling system
30
constructed in accordance with the present invention, the inadequacies of the earlier media support system when used with the new larger printhead
50
will be discussed.
FIG. 2
shows a side elevational view of an old roller R having a diameter D of about 75 mm (about three inches). The roller R is propelling a sheet of media M under the new wide swath inkjet cartridge
50
, which has printhead
52
with the new print larger swath width W of about 25 mm (one inch). The media-to-printhead spacing is not uniform under the nozzle array, as shown by the different spacings between arrows B and that between arrows A. The A arrows are located near the middle of the nozzle array and have a closer spacing than the spacing between the arrows B, which are located at the end of the nozzle array. The curvature of the roller R causes the flight distance of the ink expelled from the nozzles at each end of the array (arrows B) to be greater than that near the middle (arrows A). This variation in flight distance yields visually detectable and unacceptable print defects. While a simple answer may be to increase the roller diameter, in a commercially viable plotter, such a larger diameter roller would not be acceptable. Indeed, to double the swath width from about 12 mm to 25 mm (from about one half inch to one full inch), while maintaining the same difference in spacing between arrows A and arrows B, requires a 300 mm (about twelve inches) diameter roller, which is four times as large as the current roller. Such a larger diameter roller would not only increase the cost and weight of the plotter, but it would also increase the overall size of the plotter, an undesirable side effect in today's compact office environments.
Large Inkjet Print Swath
Media Support Systems
FIG. 3
shows a first embodiment of the media handling system
30
as including a large inkjet print swath media support and transport system
60
, constructed in accordance with the present invention. The incoming media may be delivered over a series of conventional media guides and/or rollers from the supply roll
34
, for example as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,342,133 (“the '133 patent”). The '133 patent is described in the Background portion above as including the old roller R shown in
FIG. 2
for supporting and transporting the media through the printzone.
The new support system
60
replaces roller R with an endless belt
62
that extends along the length of the printzone
35
. The belt
62
is supported by at least two, and preferably three rollers, such as a drive-roller
64
, an up-stream support roller
66
, and a down-stream support roller
68
. Preferably, the rollers
64
-
68
extend along the length of the printzone
35
, engaging an interior surface of belt
62
. A media drive motor
70
may be directly coupled by shaft
72
, or another coupling mechanism, such as a gear assembly for instance, to drive the roller
64
in the direction indicated by curved arrow
74
to advance the media
32
through the printzone
35
. The drive motor
70
may be a stepper motor that operates in response to a control signal received from the plotter controller
36
to move the media in one-swath increments through the printzone, as well as in fractional amounts of a one-swath increment for printing using various multi-pass print modes and the like. The direction of media advance through the printzone
35
is indicated by the straight arrows
76
, while the corresponding direction of rotation of the support rollers
66
,
68
is indicated by curved arrows
78
.
The support rollers
66
,
68
suspend the belt
62
at a uniform distance from printhead
54
, as well as printhead
56
, across the entire length of the nozzle arrays, indicated by dimension W in
FIG. 3
, which corresponds to the print swath width for pen
50
. The media
32
is supported on a support zone along the top of the exterior surface of belt
62
throughout the printzone
35
, between rollers
66
,
68
. Thus, the media
32
is in contact with belt
62
under entire printzone
35
, both along the entire swath width and over the entire length of the printzone
35
. To keep the media
32
flat against the support zone of belt
62
, the rollers
66
,
68
may be elevated from the otherwise level travel of media
32
, as illustrated in FIG.
3
. To further secure the media
32
along the belt support zone, a media retention system may be employed up stream and/or down stream from the printzone
35
, such as guide shims
80
and
82
, or pinch rollers, for instance elastomeric rollers or star-wheel metallic rollers
84
, or other conventional retention systems known it the art.
Advantageously, the drive roller
64
is located below the downstream support roller
68
, which allows the belt
62
to drop away quickly from the plane of the printzone
35
. This quick exit of the support belt
62
from the post-printzone allows placement of cockle solutions in this region. The term “cockle” refers to the tendency of ink-saturated media to bow and become wavy as it expands due to absorption of the liquid components of the ink between the media fibers. Various cockle solutions have been proposed in the art, such as a series of support ribs
86
, for instance, as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,393,151, assigned to Hewlett-Packard Company.
FIG. 4
shows a second embodiment of a large inkjet print swath media support and transport system
90
, constructed in accordance with the present invention, which may be substituted for portions of system
60
. Here, the endless belt
62
is driven by drive roller
92
, which may be coupled by shaft
72
to motor
70
as described above, to rotate roller
92
as indicated by arrow
94
. The support rollers
66
,
68
have been replaced with a support shoe
95
, which has an upper surface that supports the interior surface of belt
62
in the printzone
35
in a support zone at a uniform drop flight distance Z from the printhead
54
. To keep the media
32
flat against the exterior surface of belt
62
in the support zone, the shoe
95
may be elevated from the otherwise level travel of media
32
, as illustrated in FIG.
4
. It is apparent that the support system
90
may include a media retention system and/or cockle solutions, as described above with respect to item numbers
80
-
86
.
The support system
90
may have an optional printhead-to-media spacing adjustment system, such as mechanism
96
, for moving support shoe
95
toward or away from the printhead
54
, as indicated by arrows
98
, which uniformly changes the drop flight distance Z. In the illustrated embodiment, the spacing adjustment mechanism
96
comprises a rack and pinion gear assembly driven by a motor
100
. Here, the motor
100
drives a pinion gear
102
, which in turn drives a rack gear
104
, as indicated by arrow
106
. The rack gear
104
is coupled to the shoe
95
to selectively vary the printhead-to-media spacing across the entire printzone
35
. The motor
100
may operate in response to a control signal from the plotter controller
36
, or in response to an input received from the keypad
38
to vary the printhead-to-media spacing Z, for example, to increase the distance Z to accommodate thicker media, such as poster board as compared to paper, or to accommodate different media textures, such as mylar or transparencies as compared to paper. It is apparent that other mechanisms may be used to impart the elevational change
98
to shoe
95
, such as a manually operated lever system, or other mechanical or electromechanical linkage mechanisms.
When employing the printhead-to-media spacing adjustment system
96
, the belt
62
must accommodate the various spacings while maintaining a tensioned condition across the shoe
95
to provide the desired uniform media support throughout the printzone
35
. To tension the belt
62
when distance Z is increased by lowering shoe
95
, the support system
90
has a tensioning system, such as a belt tensioner
110
. The illustrated belt tensioner
110
has a tensioning roller
112
that rotated in direction
114
when the system
90
is feeding media. The roller shaft is coupled by a biasing mechanism, such as tension spring
116
, to the chassis
22
. When the spacing Z is decreased, the elevating mechanism
96
moves shoe
95
(and media supported thereabove by belt
62
) toward the printhead
54
, which tensions spring
116
. When the spacing Z is increased, spring
116
pulls tensioning roller
112
toward chassis
22
which takes up any resulting slack in belt
62
.
FIG. 5
shows a third embodiment of a large inkjet print swath media support and transport system
120
, constructed in accordance with the present invention, which may be substituted for portions of system
60
or
90
. Here, the single unitary belt
62
which extends across the entire printzone
30
, has been replaced by a series of narrower belts, such as belts
122
,
124
and
125
. Note that in
FIG. 5
, only the left portion of the entire drive system
120
is shown for the purposes of illustration. Each of these narrower belts
122
,
124
,
125
has an exterior surface
126
, a portion of which when suspended between rollers
66
and
68
defines a media support zone, as described above for belt
62
. Each belt
122
,
124
,
125
also has an interior surface
128
which is engaged by the drive roller
64
. It is apparent that support system
90
of
FIG. 4
may be substituted for the illustrated three roller support system when using the plural belt support system
120
.
In the illustrated embodiment, where the flat portion of the media support zone is substantially parallel to the printheads
54
,
56
which are about 25 mm (one inch) wide, the width of each belt
122
,
124
,
125
may preferably be about 25 mm (one inch) wide also, with a spacing between adjacent belts being about half the belt width. It is apparent that other sizes, spacings, and numbers of belts may be substituted for those illustrated. The media sheet
32
is suspended between adjacent belts, which may assist in cockle control, by allowing the media to buckle downward in a controlled fashion in the inter-belt spacings.
To better control cockle, the single belt
62
or the plural belt system
120
may employ cockle-control ribs on the exterior surfaces of the belts. For example,
FIGS. 6 and 7
show a fourth embodiment of a large inkjet print swath media support and transport system
120
′, constructed in accordance with the present invention, which may be substituted for portions of system
60
or system
120
. Here, the support system
120
′ is illustrated as having a series of belts, such as belts
122
′,
124
′ and
125
′, each having an exterior and interior surfaces
126
′ and
128
′, respectively. The belts
122
′,
124
′ and
125
′ each have at least one cockle control rib, and given the illustrated proportions, preferably three spaced apart ribs
130
,
132
,
133
. During printing, the media sheet
32
is suspended between adjacent ribs, so when saturated with ink, the media may sag down between the adjacent ribs. It is apparent that while the ribs
130
-
134
are illustrated as bands extending around the belt periphery, they may also be short segments, arranged parallel to one another or otherwise. Indeed, the cockle solution ribs may be of different shapes, and in some implementations, they may be arranged in other patterns, or even randomly.
FIGS. 8 and 9
show a fifth embodiment of a large inkjet print swath media support and transport system
140
, constructed in accordance with the present invention, which may be substituted for portions of system
60
,
90
,
120
, or
120
′. Here, the unitary belt
62
of FIGS.
1
-
4
have been replaced by a unitary foraminous belt
142
having an exterior surface
144
that supports the media in a support zone between support rollers
66
and
68
, and an interior surface
146
driven by roller
64
. The term “foraminous” refers to the series of openings extending through the belt between the interior and exterior surfaces
146
,
144
. While these openings through belt
142
may have various shapes and arrangements, the illustrated belt
142
has a group of openings such as slots or holes
148
, extending therethrough. It is apparent that the series of belts in
FIGS. 5 and 6
may also be foraminous, with openings extending therethrough if desired.
As shown in
FIG. 9
, one advantage to a foraminous belt
142
is that the media support system
140
may include a vacuum system
150
for creating a region of low pressure under the belt at the support zone to pull the media sheet
32
toward the belt
142
. In the illustrated embodiment, a fan unit
152
is used to create the vacuum force. A conduit
154
couples the fan
152
to an inlet plenum
155
, located between support rollers
66
and
68
directly under the printzone
30
. As the fan
152
operates, air is drawn through holes
148
, as indicated by arrow
156
, then through plenum
155
and conduit
154
, as indicated by arrows
158
, and is finally the air is vented to atmosphere after passing through fan
152
.
Thus, the foraminous belt support system
140
may be used instead of, or in addition to, the media guides
82
,
82
and rollers
84
. Furthermore, the vacuum system
150
may also be employed with the plural belt systems
120
,
120
′, whether the plural belts are foraminous or not. That is, spacings between adjacent belts may serve the same purpose as the belt holes
148
to pull the media toward the belt exterior surface. Moreover, it is apparent that the support shoe
95
of
FIG. 4
may be substituted for the three roller system shown in
FIGS. 8 and 9
. In such a system, the shoe
95
may be readily modified to serve as the inlet plenum
155
, for example, by placing a series of openings in the upper support surface of shoe
95
, under the printzone
30
. The modified shoe then may be coupled to fan
152
as described above with respect to FIG.
9
.
In operation, a method is provided for supporting media
32
for printing in the printzone
30
. The method includes the step of reciprocally moving a large swath inkjet printhead
50
,
52
along the scanning axis
42
across the printzone
30
, with the printhead having a nozzle array with a length of about at least 25 mm (one inch) that is perpendicular to the scanning axis
42
. In a driving step, the endless belt
62
,
142
, or belts
122
-
125
,
122
′-
125
′, are driven through the printzone
30
, here by drive roller
64
or
92
. In a feeding step, media
32
is fed from roll
34
for instance, through the printzone
30
on a belt support zone defined by a portion of the belt exterior surface. In a supporting step, the belt interior surface opposite the support zone is supported with at least one support member
66
,
68
or
95
that is parallel to the scanning axis
42
so the support zone positions the media
32
thereon in a print plane under the length of the nozzle array as the printhead
50
,
52
moves reciprocally across the printzone
30
during the moving step.
The method may also include the steps of selectively moving the belt support zone toward or away from the printhead, for instance, using the optional printhead-to-media spacing adjustment system
96
. In response to this adjustment, any slack may be removed from the belt
62
using the tensioner
110
. The supporting step may be accomplished by supporting the belt
62
,
142
or belts
122
-
125
,
122
′-
125
′ with two members
66
,
68
spaced apart from one another to suspend the belt therebetween to define the support zone along the belt exterior surface. The method may also include the steps of suspending a portion of the media between adjacent ribs in the printzone, for instance when using the ribbed belt system
120
′, and controlling media expansion caused by ink saturation by allowing the ink-saturated expanding portion of the media to expand between said adjacent ribs. When the driving step is accomplished using the foraminous belt
142
, the method further includes the step of pulling the media in the printzone into engagement with the support zone of the belt by creating a low pressure region along the interior surface of the foraminous belt adjacent the printzone, for instance by applying a vacuum force with system
150
along the interior surface
146
of the foraminous belt
142
adjacent the printzone.
Ink Drying Systems
In
FIG. 10
, another embodiment of a media support and drive system
200
is shown as including two embodiments of ink drying systems, constructed in accordance with the present invention, which may be used separately or together. As described in the Background section above, when printing images that require a large quantity of ink, such as photographic images or when printing patterns on fabric, it is desirable to dry the ink as soon as possible to alleviate cockle problems, particularly with paper. Quick drying of the printed ink also avoids ink bleed problems which may blur the boundaries between two adjacent regions of different colors. The system
200
has upstream and downstream support rollers
202
,
204
which support an endless belt
205
in the region of the printzone
35
. The belt
205
may be propelled around support rollers
202
,
204
using drive roller
64
, described above with respect to
FIG. 3
, and in the directions indicated by arrows
74
and
78
.
In the region occupied by the vacuum inlet plenum
155
of
FIGS. 8 and 9
, the system
200
instead includes a heat reflecting shield
206
, which preferably has a parabolic cross-sectional shape. The shield
206
may be any type of metallic or other material shaped to define a heat chamber
208
along the interior surface of belt
205
, opposite the printzone
35
. Other locations for the heat chamber
208
and other shapes for the heat shield
206
may be better suited for some implementations. For example, it may be desirable to pre-heat upstream portions of the belt
205
before entering the printzone
35
, for instance by locating the heat chamber between the drive roller
64
and the upstream roller
202
instead of, or in addition to, the location shown in FIG.
10
.
The system
200
includes a heating element
210
mounted within the interior of the heat chamber
208
. The heating element
210
may take on a variety of different configurations, each of which generates heat within chamber
208
, which is then reflected by shield
206
upwardly toward the undersurface of the belt
205
. The heat is then transferred through the belt
205
to undersurface of the printed sheet of media
32
to assist in drying image
45
. The heating element
210
may receive power from the controller
36
, via conductor
212
. A variety of linear heating elements are available to serve as the heating element
210
, such as a cylindrical or tubular light bulb, for instance. Heating rods are also commercially available, such as those for heating small safes and other enclosures to keep documents and other possessions free of moisture.
Thus, whether the heating element
210
merely generates heat, or also generates light, either system serves as a radiant heating source for warming belt
205
, which in turn warms the media
32
. This radiant heat is illustrated in
FIG. 10
by a series of dashed lines and dashed arrows
214
, indicating the radiation of heat from the heating element
210
toward the belt
205
. Indeed, to assist in heat transfer from the underside of belt
205
to the upper surface which supports the media
32
, it may be desirable to construct belt
205
of a flexible metal, such as a stainless steel. Alternatively, it may be desirable to incorporate such metallic elements within the belt
205
, for instance by embedding metallic layers, plates or wires within an elastomer, or a fabric type belt. Thus, belt
205
may be a metallic or a semi-metallic composite structure. Furthermore, the belt may be solid as shown, or foraminous with a series of apertures defined therethrough, such as holes
148
for belt
142
shown in
FIGS. 8 and 9
.
In addition to, or instead of, the heating element
210
and heat shield
206
, the system
200
may include heated rollers, such as heated upstream and downstream support rollers
202
,
204
. The rollers
202
and
204
may each have internal heating elements, which may receive power via conductors
216
,
218
, respectively, from the printer controller
36
. The heating elements internal to the rollers
202
,
204
may be as described above for the element
210
, with the interior of the rollers
202
,
204
being heated, with this heat then transferring to an outer surface of the rollers and then through direct contact to the undersurface of belt
205
. Heating with the upstream roller
202
warms the media
32
before receiving ink. The downstream roller
204
applies heat to the media after printing, as well as keeping the belt
205
warm as it travels around the drive roller
64
and back to the entrance of the printzone
35
near roller
202
.
FIG. 11
illustrates a seventh embodiment of a media heating and support system
220
constructed in accordance with the present invention, here, using a segmented belt, having a plurality of belt segments, such as segments
222
,
223
,
224
. Each of the belt segments
222
-
224
are separated by an interbelt region, such as region
226
which lies between belts
222
and
223
, and region
228
which lies between belts
223
and
224
in FIG.
11
. The belt segments
222
-
224
may be constructed as described above with respect to the segment belts
122
,
124
,
126
of
FIG. 5
or, as ribbed belts
122
′,
124
′,
126
′ shown in
FIGS. 6 and 7
. Furthermore, the belt segments
222
-
224
may also be constructed of a metallic material, such as stainless steel, or of an elastomer or fabric having metallic segments embedded therein to assist in heat transfer through the belt segments
222
-
224
.
The system
220
may be equipped with upstream and downstream heated rollers
202
,
204
, which may be heated as described with respect to FIG.
10
. The system
220
may also include the heat shield
206
with the heating element
210
as described above with respect to
FIG. 10
, in addition to, or instead of the heated rollers
202
,
204
. In the embodiment of
FIG. 11
, the radiant heat source
210
directly heats a portion of the undersurface of the media
32
between the interbelt regions
226
and
228
. When the support rollers
202
and
204
are heated, the heat is radiated directly from the exterior surface of the rollers
202
,
204
to the undersurface of the media
32
at the interbelt regions
226
,
228
.
The segmented belt embodiment
220
(
FIG. 11
) may be preferred over the single belt system
200
(
FIG. 10
) as being more efficient because a portion of the heat generated by element
210
or rollers
202
,
204
is radiated directly to the undersurface of the media
32
through the interbelt regions
226
,
228
, eliminating some of the heat that would otherwise be lost during transfer through the belt
205
. Furthermore, by applying heat directly through the interbelt regions
226
,
228
, bands of higher temperature heat may then be applied to the media
32
, with these higher temperature heat bands serving to warm additional portions of the media which overlie the edges of the belt segments
222
-
224
.
For system
200
or
220
, when both the heating element
210
and the heated rollers
202
,
204
are supplied for plotter
20
, the controller
36
may selectively heat the media
32
using either the heating element
210
, or one or both of the rollers
202
,
204
. Alternatively, for some print jobs having very little ink saturation, for instance engineering schematic drawings, the controller
36
may use only one of the heating elements
210
,
202
or
204
, two of the heating elements such as
202
and
210
, or none of the heating elements. The use of the heating elements
210
,
202
and
204
may also be varied based upon the quality of the draft selected, for instance if presentation quality is required with heavy ink saturation, full heating may be used, whereas if a draft print quality is selected, one, two or none of the heating elements may be employed. Selective energization of the heating elements
210
,
202
,
204
by the controller
36
advantageously saves energy by eliminating the use of unnecessary heating.
FIG. 12
illustrates one manner of constructing the interior of the heating rollers
202
and
204
, which may be particularly useful when different widths of media are routinely printed by plotter
20
. In
FIG. 12
, the support roller
202
is shown as having a multi-stage heating element
230
inserted through the bore of the roller. The heating element
230
has a plurality of different stages, such as a first stage
232
, second stage
234
and a third stage
236
. Each of these three heating stages
232
-
236
receives power from a tri-part cable
216
, here shown as having three separate conductors
238
,
240
and
242
which respectively service the first, second and third heating stages
232
,
234
and
236
.
The three-stage heating element
230
may be useful when different widths of media
32
are printed upon. For instance, if the media width extends over only a single stage, such as the first stage
232
, then only this first stage may be energized, providing a power-saving feature by allowing the controller
36
not to energize the remaining segments
234
,
236
. To assist in heat transfer directly from each of the stages
232
-
236
to the adjacent portion of the roller
202
, it may be desirable to line the interior roller
202
with several thermal insulators, such as the disc-shaped thermal insulators
244
,
246
,
248
and
250
. In conjunction with the interior of roller
202
, thermal insulators
244
,
246
define a first stage chamber
252
therebetween, while insulators
246
,
248
define a second stage chamber
254
, and insulators
248
,
250
define a third stage chamber
256
. Heat generated by each of the stages
232
-
236
is transferred to the adjacent portions of the roller
202
which define the boundaries of chambers
252
-
256
, respectively.
For printing some images, it may be desirable to heat only one or two of the stages
232
,
234
or
236
, even when printing on media which covers the full width of the printzone
35
. For instance, when printing draft quality, which typically has a lower ink saturation and a higher throughput, it may be desirable to activate only the central stage
234
, or perhaps only the outboard stages
232
and
236
. Furthermore, some images requiring a full sheet of media may print only along a portion of the sheet, leaving the remainder blank. Information concerning the location of the printed portion may be supplied to controller
36
, which then responds by determining which of the stages
232
-
236
are activated. For example, when a banner is printed only along the right third of the media
32
, in response to this information, the controller
36
powers only third heating element stage
236
. This selective activation by controller
36
of some (or none) of the stages
232
-
236
, rather than all of the stages, serves as an energy-saving feature of plotter
20
.
It is apparent that the multi-stage heating concepts illustrated by
FIG. 12
may be applied to the radiant heating element
210
of
FIGS. 10 and 11
. For instance, optional thermal insulators, such as insulators
244
-
250
, may be added to the interior of the heat shield
206
to partition the chamber
208
into plural sub-chambers, such as chambers
252
-
256
in FIG.
12
. Such a modification to element
210
allows the controller
36
to selectively activate none, one, several or all of the heating stages. Furthermore, it is apparent that while three heating stages are illustrated, two, four or more stages may be more suitable in some implementations, and the multi-stage ink drying concepts described above may be applied in such situations.
FIG. 13
illustrates another embodiment of a media support and drive system
260
as including a media heating feature, constructed in accordance with the present invention, which also aids in drying the printed ink. Here, the system
260
has basically the same construction as described for the media support system
90
of
FIG. 4
, and the common elements between
FIGS. 4 and 13
share the same item numbers. In system
260
, the media support shoe
95
of
FIG. 4
has been replaced with a heated media support shoe
262
, which has an interior heating chamber
264
with a heating element
265
installed therein. The heating element
265
may receive power from the controller
36
via a conductor
266
.
The heating element
265
may be constructed as described above for the heating element
210
, or the heating element
265
may be conducted in a series of stages, as illustrated with respect to FIG.
12
. While the heating element
265
is shown schematically in
FIG. 13
, it is apparent that one or more heating elements may be located within chamber
264
, such as two parallel heating elements running the entire width of the printzone
35
(from left to right in FIG.
1
). In the illustrated embodiment of
FIG. 12
, heat is transferred from element
265
through the shoe
262
to the interior surface of media support belt
268
. The belt
268
may be constructed as described above for the belt
205
. To assist in heat transfer, the shoe
262
may be of a metallic material, and may be define a series of aperture
269
therethrough, which allow heat to flow directly from the chamber
264
to the interior surface of belt
268
. Indeed, belt
268
may be formed of a segmented belt, as shown above with respect to
FIG. 11
, or of a foraminous configuration as shown for belt
142
(
FIGS. 8 and 9
) to supply heat more directly to the undersurface of the media
32
.
FIG. 14
illustrates another embodiment of a media support and drive system
270
constructed in accordance with the present invention as including an inductive heating source, rather than the radiant heating sources described above with respect to FIGS.
10
-
13
. The system
270
includes a belt
272
supported by rollers
66
,
68
and driven by roller
64
, as described above with respect to FIG.
3
. The belt
272
has a series of current paths defined therein, such as a plurality of metallic wire loops
274
, such as of a copper or other electrical conductor. The system
270
includes a magnetic field generating member, such a magnet
275
, which may be either a permanent magnet or an electro-magnet receiving power via conductor
276
from the controller
36
. As the belt
272
, passes over the region occupied by magnet
275
, currents are induced to flow within the conductors
274
, as indicated by arrows
278
in FIG.
14
. Heat is generated by the current
278
, with the generated heat then being applied to the undersurface of the media
32
in printzone
35
.
This theory by which currents
278
are induced within the conductors
274
, as they are carried by belt
272
through the magnetic field generated by magnet
275
, is well-known from the theory of motor and generator operation. Thus, the most cost effective version of magnet
275
may be a permanent magnet that requires no further energy be supplied to power the system
270
. Alternatively, it may be desirable to adjust the level of heat induced by currents
278
by controlling the level of current flow
278
within wires
274
with an electromagnetic version of magnet
275
, which may be controlled by controller
36
. That is, by increasing the amount of energy supplied to the electromagnet
275
, the conductors
274
pass through a stronger field to generate larger currents and more heat, for instance to dry heavily saturated images. The controller
36
may selectively apply less energy to electromagnet
275
for a weaker electromagnetic field that induces lower currents which generate less heat, such as when printing in a draft mode, or printing images having lower ink saturation, such as engineering drawings.
Indeed, the possibility exists for an electromagnet
275
to have only certain stages which are energized, so that current flows through only a selected group of the conductor loops
274
. In such a multi-stage embodiment, the various multi-stage concepts described above with respect to
FIG. 12
may be employed. Furthermore, while the rollers
66
and
68
are shown as being unheated, the concepts described for heated rollers
202
,
204
may be used in conjunction with the inductive magnetic heating concepts shown in FIG.
14
.
FIG. 15
illustrates another embodiment of a media support and drive system
280
constructed in accordance with the present invention as a modification to the foraminous belt system
140
shown in
FIGS. 8 and 9
. In system
280
, the foraminous belt
142
is supported by rollers
66
,
68
and driven by roller
64
as described above with respect to
FIGS. 8 and 9
, as well as FIG.
3
. Here, the vacuum airflow
158
is directed from the interior of plenum
155
through conduit
154
by the vacuum fan
152
, and then through a conduit
282
into a waste air heater
284
. The waste air heater
284
has a heating element
285
installed therein which receives power via conductor
286
from the controller
36
. The heating element
285
heats the waste air drawn from the plenum
155
. Under the force of fan
152
, the heated air
288
exits from the waste air heater
284
through an outlet which is directed toward the printzone
35
, with the heated air
288
being shown by a series of arrows in FIG.
15
.
Blowing this heated air
288
through the printzone serves to pre-heat the air drawn through the belt holes
148
and into the inlet plenum
155
under the force of the vacuum fan
152
. Also, the heated air
228
serves to warm the media, which in turn, warms the belt
142
, with this heat then being transferred through the belt
142
and available to contribute to the pre-heating of the vacuum air drawn through the plenum
155
. This heat transfer through the belt
142
, whether transferred directly through the holes
148
or through the material of the belt itself, contributes to the transfer of heat from the heating element
285
to the media when in the printzone
35
to promote drying of the printed image
45
.
The heating element
285
may be any type of a conventional heating element, such as described above for heating elements
210
and
230
, or other heating coils may be substituted as known to those skilled in the art. Moreover, while the waste air heater
284
is shown located toward the front or media-injecting side of plotter
20
, the outlet of heater
284
may instead be located toward the rear of the plotter
20
. Additionally, the system
280
shown in
FIG. 15
may be used in conjunction with the heated rollers
202
,
204
, and/or the magnetic induction heating system
270
of
FIG. 14
, for instance, by including the metallic conductor loops
274
within the material of the belt
142
.
Conclusion
Thus, a variety of advantages are realized by implementing either embodiment of the large print swath media support and transport systems
60
or
90
. Both support systems
60
,
90
maintain a uniform media-to-printhead spacing throughout the entire printzone. This uniform spacing assures that each ink droplet fired from the printheads
54
,
56
travel the same flight distance from the nozzle plate to the media surface, regardless of which nozzle along the length of the array fired the droplet. This equal flight distance provides a higher quality image than obtainable using the earlier roller support system with the larger swath printhead, as discussed with respect to FIG.
2
.
Moreover, by supporting the media
32
along the entire printzone, rather than merely along the edges, as proposed in the earlier system, advantageously prevents media sag near the center of the printzone, particularly when printing photographic type images requiring large quantities of ink. Furthermore, the support system
90
illustrates one manner of varying the media-to-printhead spacing Z uniformly across the entire printzone
35
. A cockle control solution may also be incorporated into the endless belt drive concept by employing ribs that project upwardly from the exterior surface of the belt to allow ink-saturated media to expand downwardly between adjacent ribs.
A variety of different advantages are also realized by applying heat to the media to aid in drying of the ink, such as the various systems described with respect to FIGS.
10
-
15
. For instance, by speeding drying of the ink, cockle and bleed problems are avoided. By identifying the type or location of the image being printed, the controller
36
may selectively adjust the amount of heat applied to dry the ink, resulting in energy savings which provides a more economical plotter
20
for the consumer.
In describing the operation of systems
200
,
220
,
260
,
270
and
280
above, it is apparent that an ink drying method is also illustrated by these various figures, including the step of applying heat through radiant, conductive, convection, or inductive means to heat the media and dry the ink. The heat may be applied to the media directly in the inter-belt regions
226
,
228
as described with respect to the segmented belt of
FIG. 11
, or through apertures
269
of the support shoe
262
as shown in FIG.
13
. Heat may be applied directly to the media through convection, such as by blowing heated waste air
288
across the drying ink image
45
in FIG.
15
. Alternatively, the heat may be applied to the media indirectly through the belt itself as described with respect to
FIGS. 10 and 13
, as well as through the material of the segmented belts
222
-
224
in FIG.
11
. Heating of the belt may also be accomplished through induction using either the electromagnetic or permanent magnet versions of the magnet
275
as shown in FIG.
14
.
These ink drying methods may be enhanced through the step of selectively heating only certain regions of the media, either as a power-saving feature, to accommodate different sizes of media
32
, or to adjust for the type of image
45
printed. For example, draft print modes, line drawings with minimal ink saturation, or images which cover only a certain portion of the media may require less heat. Variable heat may be applied using the staged heating systems described above, or by applying less power to a single stage heating element, such as element
210
in
FIGS. 10 and 11
, to the waste heater element
285
of
FIG. 15
, or to the electromagnetic version of magnet
275
in FIG.
14
.
Claims
- 1. An inkjet printing mechanism for printing an image on media, comprising:a chassis; an inkjet printhead mounted to the chassis to selectively eject ink on the media when in a printzone to form the image; a media support system including: (a) an endless belt including plural electrical conductors each forming a current path; (b) a transport system that engages and drives the belt through the printzone; and (c) a first support roller; and (d) a second support roller which is parallel to and spaced apart from the first support roller to suspend the belt therebetween to define a belt support zone upon which the media is supported in the printzone to receive ink ejected from the printhead; and a heating element located adjacent the belt to transfer heat to the belt support zone and therefrom to the media to dry the ejected ink, wherein the heating element comprises a magnetic member located adjacent the belt support zone to generate a magnetic field through which the belt travels carrying the plural electrical conductors, with travel of the plural electrical conductors through the magnetic field generating an electrical current in each of the plural electrical conductors, with each of said electrical currents generating heat for transfer from the plural electrical conductors to the media at the belt support zone.
- 2. An inkjet printing mechanism according to claim 1 wherein the magnetic member comprises a permanent magnet.
- 3. An inkjet printing mechanism according to claim 1 wherein the magnetic member comprises an electromagnet.
- 4. An inkjet printing mechanism according to claim 3 wherein:the inkjet printing mechanism further includes a controller that generates a heat control signal in response to the type of image being printed; and the electromagnet adjusts the magnetic field in response to the heat control signal to vary the electrical currents to adjust the heat generated by the plural electrical conductors and supplied to the belt support zone.
- 5. An inkjet printing mechanism for printing an image on media, comprising:a chassis; an inkjet printhead mounted to the chassis to selectively eject ink on the media when in a printzone to form the image; a media support system including: (a) an endless foraminous belt having plural apertures extending therethrough; (b) a transport system that engages and drives the belt through the printzone; (c) a first support roller; and (d) a second support roller which is parallel to and spaced apart from the first support roller to suspend the foraminous belt therebetween to define a belt support zone upon which the media is supported in the printzone to receive ink ejected from the printhead; a heating element located adjacent the belt to transfer heat to the belt support zone and therefrom to the media to dry the elected ink; a vacuum system with a vacuum source and an inlet plenum coupled thereto, with the inlet plenum extending along a surface of the foraminous belt opposite the belt support zone to pull media in the printzone into engagement with the belt support zone, with the vacuum system ejecting waste air from the inlet plenum; and a waste air heater having a heating chamber coupled to receive the waste air ejected from the inlet plenum; wherein the heating element is located in the heating chamber of the waste air heater to transfer heat from the heating element to the waste air; and wherein the waste air heater has an outlet plenum directed to move the heated waste air over the media when in the belt support zone to transfer heat to the media.
- 6. A method of drying inkjet ink ejected from an inkjet printhead of an inkjet printing mechanism onto media to print an image, comprising the steps of:driving an endless belt carrying plural electrical conductors each forming a current path through a printzone of the inkjet printing mechanism; supporting the belt when in the printzone with a first support roller and a second support roller which is parallel to and spaced apart from first support roller to suspend the belt therebetween to define a belt support zone; feeding media through the printzone on the belt support zone; selectively electing inkjet ink from the printhead onto the media when in the printzone to print the image on the media; and drying the ejected ink by generating a magnetic field through which the belt travels during the driving step, generating an electrical current in each of the plural electrical conductors as they are carried by the belt through the magnetic field, and generating heat with each of said electrical currents for transfer to the media at the belt support zone.
- 7. A method according to claim 6 wherein the drying step comprises the step of generating a magnetic field with a permanent magnet.
- 8. A method according to claim 6 wherein the drying step comprises the step of generating a magnetic field with an electromagnet.
- 9. A method according to claim 8 wherein:the method further includes the step of determining the type of image being printed; and the drying step further comprises the step of adjusting the magnetic field in response to the determining step to vary the electrical currents generated to adjust the heat transferred to the belt support zone.
- 10. A method of drying inkjet ink ejected from an inkjet printhead of an inkjet printing mechanism onto media to print an image, comprising the steps of:driving an endless foraminous belt having plural apertures extending therethrough through a printzone of the inkjet printing mechanism; supporting the belt when in the printzone with a first support roller that defines the heating chamber therein; supporting the belt with a second support roller parallel to and spaced apart from first support roller to suspend the foraminous belt therebetween to define a belt support zone; feeding media through the printzone on the belt support zone; selectively ejecting inkjet ink from the printhead onto the media when in the printzone to print the image on the media; drying the ejected ink by transferring heat from a heating element to the belt support zone and therefrom to the media; creating a low pressure region along the interior surface of the foraminous belt adjacent the printzone; in response to the creating step, pulling the media when in the printzone into engagement with the belt support zone; and generating waste air during the creating step; and wherein the drying step comprises the steps of heating the waste air with the heating element, and moving the heated waste air over the media when in the belt support zone to transfer heat to the media.
PCT Information
Filing Document |
Filing Date |
Country |
Kind |
102e Date |
371c Date |
PCT/US97/00957 |
|
WO |
00 |
12/29/1997 |
12/29/1997 |
Publishing Document |
Publishing Date |
Country |
Kind |
WO97/28003 |
8/7/1997 |
WO |
A |
US Referenced Citations (19)
Foreign Referenced Citations (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
60-48385 |
Mar 1985 |
JP |