Patent Application
20230194124
The invention relates to a heating device for heating a gas stream, to a heating system for a gas stream, to a heat storage device and to a heat storage system having a heat storage device of this kind.
In practice, heat storage devices are used for storing thermal energy, which can be made available to a power plant, if required, for example. A known heat storage device comprises a storage space in which a heat storage medium is disposed in the form of a filling or even in the form of molded bricks, hot air flowing through the heat storage medium for loading. The hot air has previously been heated to the required temperature by means of an electrically operated heating device, for example. To this end, excess electric energy can be used. The efficiency of such a heating device does not fulfill highest requirements, however. For unloading, i.e., dissipating the heat, hot air or ambient air flows through the heat storage device, this air being heated in the heat storage device and supplied in heated form to a consumer, for example a boiler of a turbine.
The object of the invention is to create the following: a heating device for heating a gas stream which has a high heat performance; a heating system for a gas stream which can be favorably used in a heat storage device; a heat storage device having an effective hot-air flow; and a heat storage system having a heat storage device of this kind.
According to the invention, this object is attained by the heating device having the features of claim 1; the heating system having the features of claim 10; the heat storage device having the features of claim 30; and the heat storage system having the features of claim 44.
According to the invention, a heating device for heating a gas stream is proposed, the heating device comprising two electric connection elements for being connected to a power source and at least one heating plate unit having an inlet side and an outlet side, which comprises a plurality of heating plate strips which are placed in the gas stream and each have a first end area and a second end area, adjacent heating plate strips being connected to each other in the first end areas and the second end areas each via a conductive spacer structure.
The heating device according to the invention therefore comprises a plurality of heating plate strips which are adjacent or superjacent and are joined with each other at their end areas for creating the heating plate unit or a heating plate bundle, this taking place via the conductive spacer structure. The heating plate strips of the heating plate bundle are switched parallel in the electric sense.
In this case, the term “heating plate strip” is to be understood in all its facets and refers to oblong metal plates as well as to oblong conductive ceramic layers, which are connected to each other in their end areas via the conductive spacer structure.
The heating plate strips of a heating plate unit provide a large surface for transferring heat between the heating device and the gas stream. This results in a large total cross section which can be flowed in, a slight flow resistance being present and large flow speeds being possible simultaneously because of the parallel orientation of the heating plates with respect to the direction of the gas stream. Consequently, favorable, low material temperatures are yielded at the plate strips during operation while the heat performance is high at the same time.
In a specific embodiment of the heating device according to the invention, the heating plate strips of the heating plate unit alternate between being structured and flat. In particular, the structured heating plates have a scalloping as a structuring, and form a type of honeycomb structure in conjunction with the flat heating plate strips, the gas stream being able to flow through the honeycomb structure. It is also conceivable for the heating plate unit to only comprise scalloped or only flat heating plate strips.
Furthermore, it is advantageous for the inherent stability of the heating plate unit if the scalloped heating plate strips are supported on at least one adjacent flat heating plate strip by their wave peaks.
The heating plate strips can have a smooth or even finely structured surface.
In a specific embodiment, the spacer structure of the heating device according to the invention comprises what is known as lining plates, which are disposed between adjacent heating plate strips and are connected to each other. The lining plates serve for a parallel orientation of at least the flat heating plate strips to each other; they form distancing plates which keep the end areas of adjacent heating plate strips at a distance to each other.
In order for the end areas of the structured and in this case in particular scalloped heating plate strips to be oriented parallel to the end areas of the flat heating plate strips, the lining plates have a thickness which corresponds essentially to the amplitude of the scalloping. The connection between the heating plate strips and the lining plates can be produced according to conventional connection methods; e.g., the heating plate strips and the lining plates are welded, soldered and/or riveted to each other in each instance in the two end areas.
A preferred embodiment of a heating device according to the invention, which can provide a large flow cross section, comprises at least two heating plate units between which an electrically insulating partition preferably made of ceramic is disposed. Preferably, more than two, for example six, heating plate units are intended, which are switched in series meanderingly.
The two heating plate units are preferably switched in series, but can also be switched parallel. Furthermore, the two heating plate units are preferably connected to each other via a contacting plate, which in particular abuts against the interconnected heating plate units on the front face.
The contacting plate, which connects the two adjacent heating plate stacks to each other, is preferably welded or soldered to the heating plate stacks.
The heating plate units, which are disposed adjacently in the heating device, represent in particular identically constructed, essentially rectangular component groups, which are disposed meanderingly behind each other. The heating plate units can also be slightly bent in one direction in order to be able to accommodate heat expansions in a defined manner. The entire construction then has an at least approximately rectangular base surface, one side being curved slightly inward and one side being curved slightly outward.
The electrically insulating partition is made in particular of a ceramic, high-temperature-resistant material. For instance, it consists of a fiber-reinforced ceramic or a ceramic texture, it being formed as a plate or a perforated plate.
In a specific embodiment, the partition is made of a material which is produced of a cordierite-based ceramic.
The partition serves to ensure a meandering circuit path through the heating plate units switched in series.
The connection elements of the heating device according to the invention are preferably also each made of an electrically conductive plate or a sheet. In particular in this case, they can align with the contacting plate which connects two heating plate units to each other.
The heating device according to the invention can either be connected to a direct-current or to an alternating-current voltage source and can be operated in a low-voltage or medium-voltage range at 100 V to 10 kV alternating current or at 12 V to 1.5 kV direct current.
According to claim 10, the subject matter of the invention is a heating system for a gas stream, the heating system comprising an inlet side and an outlet side and a heating assembly, which comprises at least one heating unit which comprises a heating device having an inflow base surface, which is perpendicular to the gas stream, and at least one mounting element on which the heating device is disposed and which is permeable to the gas stream so that the gas stream can flow onto the inflow base surface of the heating device or the gas stream can flow from the heating device through the mounting element.
According to the invention, the heating system therefor comprises at least one heating unit, which comprises the heating device and the at least one mounting element on which the heating device is disposed. The heating device defines the flow cross section of the gas stream, which can be heated using the heating device, by means of its base surface. The mounting element serves as a support for the heating device.
In a preferred embodiment of the heating system according to the invention, the mounting element of the heating unit is made of an electrically insulating, heat-resistant and in particular ceramic material. The material forms a structure which permits the gas stream to pass through. For instance, the mounting element forming a support matrix is made of a ceramic molded brick having a honeycomb structure, of ceramic rods, of a plate, of a perforated plate or of a differently formed component having an open structure. In particular, a fiber-reinforced ceramic can be inserted for producing the mounting element. A combination of different materials is also conceivable for producing the mounting element.
In a specific embodiment of the heating system according to the invention, the mounting element is made of a honeycomb ceramic which is cordierite-based. The honeycombs preferably have a square or rectangular cross section in the flow direction.
Preferably, the mounting element has a rest surface for the heating device, which corresponds to the inflow base surface of the heating device.
In order to prevent bypass currents from occurring, the mounting element is provided with lateral walls in a specific embodiment, the lateral walls laterally delimiting the heating device and being realized to be gas-tight at least in the transverse direction.
In a purposeful embodiment of the heating system according to the invention, the lateral walls are made in one piece with the mounting element. It is also conceivable, however, that the lateral walls represent separate component elements which are inserted on a bottom plate of the mounting element.
In a heating system, which provides a large flow cross section, several heating units are advantageously disposed adjacent to each other within the heating assembly. The heating assembly consequently comprises several mounting elements and several heating devices, which are disposed adjacent to each other and are conveniently electrically connected to each other, e.g., in series or even parallel.
Furthermore, an advantageous embodiment of the heating system according to the invention has at least two layers of heating units which are stacked on top of each other. This forms a stack heater whose performance can be adapted to changing gas volume currents by a targeted switching on and off of individual heating devices in a specific embodiment and for which a large thermal heat performance can be realized even for a limited flow cross section of the heating system.
In particular with the heat assembly realized as a stack heater, very high air exit temperatures can be realized which can be up to 1,000° C. or even higher.
With superjacent heating units, the lateral walls, with which the mounting elements are provided, are simultaneously the spacer structure between the individual mounting elements.
The lateral walls, which can be made in one piece with the mounting element or as separate ceramic or differently realized component elements, create a defined chamber for the heating device, meaning that it is securely positioned even in a gas flow at high speeds. In the stack heater described above, the chamber for the heating device is delimited from the top by a following heating unit or rather its mounting element. The uppermost heating unit layer can be delimited by a cover which can be passed through and which forms the upper side of the heating assembly and is preferably also made of at least one molded brick. The molded brick can have a square or rectangular circumference or have a honeycomb structure whose honeycombs in particular have a square or even hexagonal channel cross section. It is also conceivable that the cover consists of ceramic rods, of ceramic plates, of perforated plates or of other, gas-permeable component elements which are in particular made of a fiber-reinforced ceramic.
In order to secure the individual layers of the heating assembly or of the support matrix formed by the mounting elements against unwanted relative displacements, it is advantageous if the contact surfaces between the mounting elements are each provided with a mounting safeguard which is formed by a protrusion, for example, which engages into a recess of the adjacent mounting element. For instance, the protrusion is formed as a rib or knob, whereas the corresponding recess is formed as an indentation or groove.
The lateral walls, with which the mounting element is equipped, are preferably also formed so as to be gas-tight in the flow direction in order to prevent bypass currents beside the inflow base surface of the heating device. For instance, the lateral walls are sealed by means of a ceramic paper or the like for this purpose.
In another specific embodiment, the heating system according to the invention comprises a ceramic and/or metal carrier structure, on which the heating assembly is disposed. For instance, the carrier structure comprises a grid on which the heating assembly rests. It is also conceivable that the carrier structure comprises at least one molded brick, at least one insulating fire brick and/or a ceramic or metal filling, preferably at least one honeycomb molded brick. In each instance, the carrier structure can be passed through by the gas stream.
In order to ensure an even gas stream across the free cross section of the heating assembly, the carrier structure can comprise static and/or settable throttle elements. A static throttle element is, for example, a perforated plate.
In order to shield the heating assembly from the environment, the heating system according to the invention preferably has a heating channel in which the heating assembly is disposed. For outward thermal insulation, the heating channel, which in particular can be formed by a tube or a rectangular flow channel, can have inner insulation.
In order to enable servicing the heating assembly, the reception channel can have a lateral opening, which is closed by means of a detachable lid element.
Furthermore, it can be advantageous for regulating the gas stream if the heating system according to the invention has a throttle device and/or a blocking device on the inlet side and/or the outlet side. These are in particular formed by valves and/or shutters.
The heating device of the heating system according to the invention is preferably formed according to the heating device as described above.
Furthermore, the heating system according to the invention has a temperature measuring element on the outlet side, by means of which the gas exit temperature can be regulated. The temperature measuring element is preferably disposed at a minimal distance to the heating assembly in an electrically insulated manner, meaning the temperature of the gas stream can be measured after exiting the heating assembly at a minimal temporal offset.
In a preferred embodiment, the temperature measuring element is a thermal element or rather a PT100 having a jacket tube, its measuring tip being disposed in the center of a circular, hexagonal, square or rectangular measuring channel of the cover of the heating system disposed in the flow direction so that the temperature of the gas stream can be determined without any relevant dead time. For instance, the temperature measuring element is disposed in a horizontal bore of the cover. Additionally or alternatively, a temperature measuring element can be disposed in the bottom plate of the mounting element.
The temperature of the gas stream on the outlet side can be regulated in different manners. At a constant electric heat performance, however, the gas stream through the heating assembly is preferably throttled or increased according to the deviation measured on the outlet side between a target and an actual temperature by means of a throttling element at the channel inlet and/or at the channel outlet and/or is adjusted by changing the fan rotational speed. The type of regulation is suitable in particular for a stationary operation at a constant heat performance.
In non-stationary operating states, for example in heating processes or changing entry temperatures of the gas stream flowing into the heating system, the gas exit temperature can be regulated by adapting the electric heat performance by means of, for example, a thyristor control or by switching on or off individual heating units or heating unit groups.
Furthermore, the heating system can comprise several heating assemblies of the type described above of which each is realized as a stack heater. These can be disposed adjacent to each other, behind each other and/or on top of each other. Power can be supplied using multiphase current so that the individual heating assemblies are controlled in a targeted manner and able to be switched on as required.
A heat storage device is also the subject matter of the invention. This heat storage device comprises a container having an interior which has a storage space in which a heat storage means for storing thermal energy is disposed, the container comprising a first opening via which a gas stream can be conducted into the interior and a second opening via which the gas stream can be dissipated. Furthermore, the heat storage device comprises a heating space in which a heating system is disposed through which the gas stream can flow, the heating space being connected to the storage space for the heat storage means via an open volume of the interior. Both the heating space and the storage space are placed in the container.
In the heat storage device according to the invention, the heating system, by means of which the gas stream can be heated, and the heat storage means, by means of which its thermal energy can be stored, are consequently disposed in different areas of the interior of the container. Between the heating system and the heat storage means or rather via its two units, an open volume is formed, via which the gas stream, which has been heated by the heating system, can flow to the heat storage means. The open volume is a gas distribution chamber of the heat storage device which ensures that the gas heated by the heating system flows evenly through the entire cross section of the heat storage means and transfers the heat thereto.
The heat storage device according to the invention can be used in order to store excess electric energy from strongly fluctuating regenerative sources, such as wind power plants or photovoltaic systems or other connected power grids, efficiently in the form of heat at a high temperature level. Thus, the corresponding power grid can be stabilized. The heat stored in the heat storage means of the heat storage device can be converted to electric power at a later period in time if required via, for example, a water-steam process, an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) or the like or even be output to a different process (industrial heat supply, drying etc.). Additionally, the heat storage device can be used for continuously converting electric energy to heat at a high temperature level, for example for supplying the industry with heat, independently of the loading state of the heat storage means for a down-stream process.
Generally, the heat storage device according to the invention represents a storage for thermal energy which can dissipate the energy to a gas stream in the form of heat simultaneously or at a temporal offset compared to the converted electric energy.
As the heating system is disposed in the container without an additional casing or heat insulation, a minimization of the thermal inertia of the total system can be achieved.
Furthermore, the heating space, which is formed in particular as a heating channel and in which the electric heating system is disposed, forms a thermosiphon, which permits a thermally favorable placement of possibly required blocking and throttling elements at a position of the heat storage device, where low temperatures are present, and which barely generates thermal loss because of its placement in the container in comparison to an external thermosiphon.
In an advantageous embodiment of the heat storage device according to the invention, the heating space, in which the electric heating system is disposed, is separated from the reception space for the heat storage means by a partition. The heating space is thus disposed in a defined area of the interior of the container.
In order for the gas stream to efficiently flow through the heat storage means, the heat storage means is disposed on a carrier structure in a preferred embodiment of the heat storage device according to the invention. For instance, the carrier structure is a grid structure, which is fixed to the walls of the container or is mounted on a bottom of the container in the manner of a table.
In order to benefit the dissipation of the gas stream after loading the heat storage means, a distribution space, which is connected to a hot-air opening of the container, is disposed below the carrier construction. In particular the hot-air opening is the second opening of the container.
A particularly efficient loading and unloading process can be realized when the heat storage device according to the invention has an additional unloading opening which is disposed above the heat storage means. For instance, the heat storage is unloaded in such a manner that a warm gas stream and/or ambient air (in an open system) is introduced via a hot-air opening and guided through the heat storage means. There, the warm gas stream is heated and then dissipated from the heat storage device via the unloading opening as a hot-air stream.
In a specific embodiment of the heat storage device according to the invention, the heat storage means comprises molded bricks through which the gas stream can flow and which preferably form a wall composite. For instance, the molded bricks each have a honeycomb structure having vertically standing channels which each have a square or even hexagonal cross section.
In an alternative embodiment, it is also conceivable that the heat storage means comprises a filling or the like, which consists of a suitable material, in addition to the molded bricks or instead of the molded bricks.
In order to be able to exchange or service the heating system, the heat storage device according to the invention has a servicing opening, which is closed by means of a detachable wall element, in a preferred embodiment.
The servicing opening of the heat storage device preferably leads directly into the heating channel, in which the electric heating system is disposed.
The heating channel, in which the electric heating system is disposed, preferably has at least one mostly rectangular cross section. The electric heating system can be easily fit into this cross section.
A particularly efficient distribution of the gas stream across the cross section of the heat storage means can be achieved when the heating space, in which the electric heating system is disposed, has an exit opening, which is disposed at the same level as an upper side of the heat storage means, the open volume being placed above the heat storage means.
In a preferred embodiment of the heat storage device according to the invention, the electric heating system disposed in the heating space comprises a resistance heater and in particular a heating system which is formed having a mounting element and a heating unit according to the heating system described above. Consequently, the heating system can be realized in the manner of a stacked heater.
A heat storage system is also the subject matter of the invention, the heat storage system comprising a heat storage device of the type described above and a pipe assembly which is connected to the heat storage device. The pipe assembly can lead to a consumer to which the heat stored in the heat storage in the heat storage device can be supplied in the form of hot air via the pipe assembly. For instance, the consumer is a heat exchanger (for example a steam generator) of a power plant so that electricity can be produced by means of a turbine and a generator by means of the heat stored in the heat storage device.
In order to be able to guide the gas stream through the heat storage device, the heat storage system preferably has a fan which can preferably be set with regard to rotational speed and is disposed in the pipe assembly.
Furthermore, the pipe assembly preferably comprises a charging circuit, which is connected to two openings of the heat storage device, making it possible to introduce hot air via an opening. In the heat storage device, the hot air is heated in the heating system and subsequently unloaded in the heat storage means after flowing through the open volume of the interior in order to then be able to flow out of the heat storage device as hot air via the second opening.
Preferably, the pipe assembly comprises valves and shutters for controlling the gas stream through the heat storage device.
Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the subject matter of the invention can be derived from the description, the drawing and the patent claims.
Exemplary embodiments of the subject of the invention are shown in the drawing in a schematically simplified manner and are described in further detail in the following description.
In
Heat storage device 1 comprises an in the broadest sense cuboidal container 2 in which an interior 3 is formed which extends in the vertical direction between a container lid 4 and a container bottom 5 and in the transverse directions between four lateral walls 6.
Container 2 is equipped with a loading opening 7 on a lateral wall 6 near container bottom 5; with an inlet/outlet opening 8 on another lateral wall 6 near container bottom 5; and with an unloading opening 9 on these lateral walls 6 adjacent to container lid 4. Loading opening 7, inlet/outlet opening 8 and unloading opening 9 are connectable to pipes of a tube system.
Furthermore, a servicing opening 10, which can be closed to be gas-tight by means of a detachable wall element 11, is formed on lateral wall 6, on which loading opening 7 is formed, in an area centered in the vertical direction.
On the inner side, lateral walls 6, container lid 4 and container bottom 5 are each provided with high-temperature resistant insulation layers 12.
Interior 3 of container 2 is essentially cuboidal in its dimensions. Moreover, a partition 13, which is essentially U-shaped in its cross section and is placed on container bottom 5 and has a vertical orientation, is formed in interior 3. Partition 13 abuts against lateral wall 6 with its short legs, servicing opening 10 being formed on lateral wall 6.
At a distance to container bottom 5 and above loading opening 7 and inlet/outlet opening 8, interior 3 is spanned by a grid structure 14 which has a horizontal orientation and is fastened to lateral walls 6 and partition 13 and/or stands on container bottom 5 on feet 22. Grid structure 14 forms a carrier structure or carrier construction.
Partition 13 separates a storage space 15 from a heating space 16 of interior 3. Storage space 15 receives a heat storage means 17 which consists of superjacent ceramic molded bricks, which each have a square layout and each have a honeycomb structure, whose honeycombs form flow channels which extend in the vertical direction and/or upward direction of heat storage device 1.
In an alternative embodiment, heat storage means 17 can also be made of a filling or the like.
Molded bricks 18 extend from grid structure 14 till nearly the upper edge of partition 13 and reach around partition 13 on its three sides, as can be seen in
Heating space 16 forms a heating channel, which is delimited at the bottom by grid structure 14 and is disposed on a stack of molded bricks 19 acting as the carrier construction, molded bricks 19 each also having a honeycomb structure and corresponding to molded bricks 18 disposed in storage space 15. The stack of molded bricks 19 have a construction height which is shorter than that of molded bricks 18 in storage space 15. On molded bricks 19, a heating assembly 20 is disposed which represents an electric heating device and is connected to a power source, such as a wind power plant, a photovoltaic system and/or the power grid, via connections 21. An upper side of heating assembly 20 aligns approximately with the upper side of heat storage means 17 in storage space 15.
As described above, servicing opening 10 can be closed by means of a detachable wall element 11. Wall element 11 has an insulation plug on its inner side.
Storage space 15 and heating space 16 are connected to each other via an open volume 24 of interior 3, open volume 24 being disposed above heating space 16 provided with the heating system or above storage space 15 filled with heat storage means 17 and forming a gas distribution space.
Below heating space 16, i.e., below grid structure 14, a gas distribution space 24 is disposed via which gas can flow into heating space 16 from loading opening 7. Below storage space 15, in which heat storage means 17 is disposed, a gas distribution space 25 is disposed which is connected to inlet/outlet opening 8.
In
In all other respects, heat storage device 1′ corresponds to the heat storage device in
In
Heating units 28 are generally assembled from the same parts and each comprise two mounting elements 33 and a heating device 34. Mounting elements 33 are each made of a ceramic molded brick, which is cordierite-based and has a honeycomb structure. The individual honeycombs of mounting elements 33 each form a channel extending in the vertical direction and each have a square layout. Furthermore, mounting elements 33 each have an essentially U-shaped cross section, meaning a bottom plate 35 and two lateral walls 36 are formed which delimit a receiving space for a precisely fit reception of heating device 34. On the underside, bottom plates 35 of mounting elements 33 each have a recess 37 in the area of the lateral edges, recess 37 having a rectangular cross section and the upper side of corresponding lateral wall 36 of subjacent mounting element 33 engaging into recess 37 in the stacked state. Thus, a precise positioning of the superjacent mounting elements 33 is ensured. Upper ribs of molded bricks 26 engage in recesses 37 of the lower layer of heating unit 28.
In the variation shown in
To prevent a passing through of lateral walls 36 and thus a bypass gas stream, lateral walls 36 are provided with a seal 38 on their upper side, seal 38 consisting of a ceramic paper, for example (cf.
Heating device 34 of heating units 28 are essentially the same structurally and each have an inflow base surface which in this case corresponds to the surface between lateral walls 36 of two consecutive mounting elements 33. When installed, heating device 34 rests on bottom plates 35 of these two mounting elements 33. As in particular
Individual heating plate units 39A, 39B, 39C, 39D, 39E and 39F each comprise a plurality of heating plate strips 45 and 46.
In the embodiment shown in
In their end areas, heating plate strips 45 and 46 are parallel to each other and connected to each other via a spacer structure 47 each, which also establishes the contact of the corresponding heating plate stack on connector 43 and 44 and/or of corresponding contact plate 40. Spacer structure 47 comprises lining plates 48, which are realized as spacing elements, are disposed between the parallel end areas of adjacent heating plate strips and are welded or soldered to each other. Lining plates 48 each have a thickness which corresponds to the amplitude of the scalloping of scalloped heating plate strips 45.
The scalloping of heating plate strips 45 forms a honeycomb structure which provides a large inflow surface for the gas stream flowing through heating device 34.
In an alternative embodiment, several lining plates can be disposed between adjacent heating plate strips. It is also conceivable for the spacer structure to be realized as a comb structure in which the end areas of the heating plate strips are inserted.
Furthermore, reference is made to the aspect that only scalloped heating plate strips are provided in the heating plate stacks in the variation shown in
It is generally conceivable that the heating devices of the heating units have different constructional heights and/or different honeycomb channel shapes in different layers 27 of heating assembly 20. Heating devices 34 of a layer 27 of heating assembly 20 are switched in series via contact plates 49 in the embodiment at hand. It is certainly also conceivable for heating devices 34 to be switched parallel. Furthermore in the embodiment at hand, consecutive layers are switched parallel in pairs via contact strips 50. Generally, heating devices 34 can be wired in any manner as required.
In order to be able to determine the temperature of the gas stream heated by means of heating assembly 20, a thermal element 51 is disposed in cover 29 in a transverse bore of a molded brick 30.
In
According to heat storage device 1 and 1′, heat storage device 60 can be switched in a loading operation by means of corresponding valves, a gas stream consisting of hot air being introduced via a loading opening 7 during the loading operation. As can be seen in
During an unloading operation shown in
In
According to
During another operating mode shown in
The described operational modes can certainly also be realized by means of the heat storage devices in
In
In order to be able to switch heat storage system 70 in different operational modes, a valve 83 is disposed in pipe 76; a valve 84 is disposed in pipe branch 81; a valve 85 is disposed in pipe branch 82; and a valve 86 is disposed in pipe 79 upstream of the branching of pipe branch 82. Instead of the valves or in addition to them, other suitable locking armatures, such as claps or the like, can be used.
Furthermore, heat storage device 71 is connected to a power source 87 which can be realized by the power grid or a photovoltaic system or a wind power plant and is provided with a switch 88. During a loading operation, during which electric energy is converted to heat and the heat is to be stored in heat storage means 17 of heat storage device 71, a hot-air gas stream is introduced from below into heating space 16 of heat storage device 71 via loading opening 7 by means of fan 80 when valve 83 is open. Switch 88 is closed, meaning the heating assembly is in operation and the gas stream is heated in heating space 16. The heated gas stream is guided into storage space 15 via upper gas distribution space 24 and guided from the top downward through the heat storage bed formed by heat storage means 17, the heat being emitted thereto and stored there. Subsequently, a hot-air gas stream is dissipated from heat storage device 71 via inlet/outlet opening 8 and guided to fan 80 via pipe 77 and pipe branch 82 in order to be able to be supplied to heat storage device 71 in the manner described above. Valves 84 and 86 are closed during this loading mode.
During an unloading mode shown in
During a mere heating operation shown in
An embodiment of a heat storage system which is not shown can be realized as a partially open system in which the air exiting the consumer can be entirely or partially emitted to the environment. On the suction side of the fan, ambient air is suctioned in corresponding amounts when unloading the heat storage device. In all other respects, this embodiment corresponds to the embodiment described above.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2020 111 987.9 | May 2020 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2021/061303 | 4/29/2021 | WO |
