HEATING-MIXING DEVICE OF A LIQUID HEATING SYSTEM

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of heat exchange, namely, to the systems for heating/warming of premises with several heat exchange contours and common system of heat carrier distribution and control. The technical result is increase of temperature regularity of heat carrier distributed from the pressure header into the separate heat exchange contours. The essence of the invention is that the heating-mixing device of a liquid heating system contains the distributive pressure and return headers, having the input end and the output end, as well as side offsets located along the headers, the circulatory pump, the intake nozzle of which is connected with the return header, and the delivery one—is connected with the pressure header. The headers are connected together by means of the bypass nozzle. At that the device is equipped with the block of electrical control, and on the input end of each header the temperature sensor and the thermostat are sequentially installed, being electrically connected to the control block, at that the inlet in each header is connected to the source of warmed heat carrier. According to the invention, the intake nozzle of the pump is connected with the output end of the return header, and the delivery nozzle is connected with the input end of the pressure header. The bypass nozzle connects the output end of the pressure header and the input end of the return header, at that the return header is located along the pressure one, and the input end of one header is located opposite the output end of another header.

Description

The invention relates to the field of heat exchange, namely, to the systems for heating/warming of premises with several heat exchange contours and common system of heat carrier distribution and control.

PRIOR ART

From the technical field the device of liquid heating system is known, containing the distributive pressure header and return header, having the input end and the output end, as well as side offsets located along the headers, the circulatory pump, the intake nozzle of which is connected with the return header, and the delivery one—with the pressure header, the headers are connected together by means of the bypass nozzle, at that the device is equipped with the block of electrical control, on each header, in the area of its inlet, the temperature sensor and the thermostat are sequentially installed, being electrically connected to the control block, at that the inlet in each header is connected to the source of warmed heat carrier (patent RU No. 2663781 C2, pub. 09.08.2018).

The closest by its technical essence and the achieved technical result is the heating-mixing device of a liquid heating system, containing the distributive pressure and return headers, having the input end and the output end, as well as side offsets located along the headers, the circulatory pump, the intake nozzle of which is connected with the return header, and the delivery one—with the pressure header, the headers are connected together by means of the bypass nozzle, at that the device is equipped with the block of electrical control, and on the input end of each header the temperature sensor and the thermostat are sequentially installed, being electrically connected to the control block, at that the inlet in each header is connected to the source of warmed heat carrier (see the self-regulating electrical heater. Series “ME-5000” and “ME-7000”, https://abc-elements.ru/index.php?route=product/product/download&product_id=574&download_id=130).

The disadvantage of the above mentioned device is irregularity of temperature distribution on separate heat exchange contours.

The technical problem is creation of a multi-contour heat exchange system without lowering temperature of heat carrier in the contours, the inlets of which are moved away from the inlet of warmed heat carrier into the pressure header.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The technical result is increase of temperature regularity of heat carrier distributed from the pressure header into the separate heat exchange contours.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the fact that the heating-mixing device of a liquid heating system contains the distributive pressure and return headers, having the input end and the output end, as well as side offsets located along the headers, the circulatory pump, the intake nozzle of which is connected with the return header, and the delivery one—is connected with the pressure header, the headers are connected together by means of the bypass nozzle, at that the device is equipped with the block of electrical control, and on the input end of each header the temperature sensor and the thermostat are sequentially installed, being electrically connected to the control block, at that the inlet in each header is connected to the source of warmed heat carrier, at that, according to the invention, the intake nozzle of the pump is connected with the output end of the return header, and the delivery nozzle is connected with the input end of the pressure header, the bypass nozzle connects the output end of the pressure header and the input end of the return header, at that the return header is located along the pressure one, and the input end of one header is located opposite the output end of another header. The source of warmed heat carrier is fulfilled in the form of a built-in electrical heater of cartridge type, installed in the input end of each header, at that on each header the symistor is installed, connected with the control block and the heater with possibility of changing degree of its heating according to the signal received from the control block.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGURES

The invention is illustrated by the drawings.

FIG. 1 is the device scheme;

FIG. 2 is the scheme of heat carrier movement.

The structural elements are designated at the drawings by the following positions:

• • 1—the pressure header;
  • 2—the thermomanometer;
  • 3—the console for the headers mounting;
  • 4—the piped eccentrics for connection of the pump with the headers;
  • 5—the circulatory pump;
  • 6—the return header;
  • 7—the safety valve;
  • 8—the power supply fork of the control block (CB);
  • 9—the symistor;
  • 10—the maximum thermostat;
  • 11—the temperature sensor;
  • 12—the valve of filling/discharge;
  • 13—the bypass nozzle;
  • 14—the built-in electrical heater of cartridge type;
  • 15—the control block (CB);
  • 16—the air bleeder;
  • 17—the plug ½″;
  • 18—the plug 1″;
  • 19—the expansion tank with the flexible connector;
  • 20—the service valve;
  • 21—the complete set with the flowmeter.

The described device works as follows.

Several contours with different heat loads are connected to the device, including the floor heating contours.

In the case of connecting several contours the prior parameters calculation is needed for adequacy of use in the specific heat supply scheme for its following adjustment at mounting and exploitation.

With the help of the circulatory pump 5 heat carrier circulates along the heat exchange contours, for example, those of floor heating, giving warm to the fair coating, and then into the premises. The temperature in the premises depends on the temperature of the warm floor surface, and the heating panel capacity-on actual heat losses in the premises serviced by this contour.

So, the heater capacity and the heat carrier temperature depend directly on the desired temperature in the premises, heat losses in the premises and the type of the fair coating (for overcoming of different coating depending on its heat conductivity different heat amount is expended).

In the elaborated heating-mixing device of a liquid heating system with built-in electrical heaters of cartridge type the basic principle of the heating device control is realized: keeping the specified temperature of heat carrier owning to changing capacity of the built-in electrical heaters of cartridge type.

The temperature of heat carrier is measured by the sensor 11. The processor of the control block 15, analyzing the actual and specified temperatures and change rate of the heat carrier temperature, gives out a corresponding signal and with the help of the symistor 9 realizes a shift of power supply sinusoid, supplied onto the built-in electrical heaters 14 of cartridge type installed in the pressure header 1 and the return header 6, managing their capacity.

On the controller 15 the temperature of heat carrier is set manually, so that the comfort desired temperature would be achieved in the premises, then the control block will automatically maintain the heat carrier temperature:

• • at lowering of the outside temperature and, therefore, increase of heat losses, the sensor 11 will react to the temperature drop of heat carrier returned from the heating panel, the processor of the control block 15 will give out the signal for increasing capacity of the built-in electrical heater 14 of cartridge type, which will decrease in proportion to the speed of increasing the heat carrier temperature;
  • at 3-5° C. before reaching the specified temperature the controller of the control bloc 15 will start proportionally decrease capacity of the built-in electrical heater 14 of cartridge type, keeping rate of the heat carrier temperature changing, until cutting off the heating function;
  • at reaching the specified temperature of heat carrier the adaptive electronic pattern of PID-regulation of the heater 14 capacity is started, keeping the specified value of the heat carrier temperature.

In the described device the electrical heater 14 of cartridge type and control automation are installed crosswise, so, the second electrical heater 14 of cartridge type, for example, connected to the inlet in the return header 6, will automatically start in the case of insufficient capacity of the first electrical heater 14 of cartridge type, connected to the inlet into the pressure header 1. At that the return header 6 is located along the pressure header 1, for example, in parallel, and the input end of one header is located opposite to the output end of another header. I.e., when they are located in parallel, the input end of one header is located near the output end of another one, within the limits of length of one of the headers, as it is shown at the drawings.

In this case the lower electrical heater 14 of cartridge type (of the return header 6) would firstly try to heat up to the specified temperature heat carrier returned from the heat exchanger of floor heating. Warmed heat carrier comes not only for supplying the floor heating contours, but also to the temperature sensor of the second electrical heater 14 of cartridge type (installed in the pressure header 1), then it moves through the bypass 13 circle-wise. So, the sensor of the upper electrical heater 14 of cartridge type (installed in the pressure header 1) obtains temperature, heated by the lower electrical heater 14 of cartridge type (of the returned header 6) and compares it with the specified one on the controller of the upper electrical heater 14 of cartridge type. If capacity of the lower electrical heater 14 of cartridge type is insufficient (the temperature does not reach the specified value) the controller of the control block 15 of the pressure header 1 starts heating and automatically increases capacity until the necessary and sufficient for finish heating up until the specified value the heat carrier, heated and came from the return header 6.

The system of two heaters with two individual controllers of control blocks 15 automatically finds the thermal balance and adjust capacities of the electrical heater 14 of cartridge type for actual needs of heat (heat losses), that significantly increase efficiency of their use.

Since all heating systems, including heat sources, are intended for capacity need in the coldest five-day period, in the low season one of two heaters may be switched off.

So, with the help of an intelligent control system in the described device the basic equation of heat balance is observed in fact: how many heat the premises losses, exactly the same will be consumed capacity of the heater.

The less is the heating load, the less is consumed capacity of the heater.

If the contours number is less than 7, as a result of limited length of the electrical heater 14 of cartridge type a part of contours located closer by the pump 5 are not situated in the area immediately heated by the electrical heater 14 of cartridge type of the return header 6, and increase of capacity up to the necessary level would have the “transport lag” and completely depend on amount of heat carrier pumped through the bypass 13. Moreover, as a result of its location according to the device structure, such contours not being affected by the heater of the return header 6, are first for supplying heat carrier into the floor heating contours.

In such a way, only in the case of installation of electrical heaters of cartridge type crosswise the sensors 11 of the pressure header 1 will immediately “see” underheating of heat carrier in a part of contours and will increase capacity of the upper electrical heater 14 of cartridge type up to the necessary one, and heat carrier, arrived from the return header 6 will be heated up to the necessary value and fed to the floor heating contours.

Each electrical heater 14 of cartridge type has the built-in intelligent control system, which automatically changes (increases/reduces) capacity of the electric heater of cartridge type, keeping the specified temperature of heat carrier.

Installation of the electrical heaters of cartridge type and automation with the sensors crosswise allows:

• • efficiently use the electrical heaters of cartridge type not only at the expense of frequency regulation of their capacity, but also automatically enable the electrical heaters 14 of cartridge type immediately in the case of insufficient capacity of one of the mentioned heaters 14.
  • efficiently service larger areas (up to fourteen heat exchange contours), when the contours number significantly exceeds the length of the electric heating element.

A product with the built-in electrical heaters 14 of cartridge type is completely self-contained:

• • connection to the external heat source is not required, but at that it may be simply connected to any high-temperature source, power consumed by the product will be also automatically kept until total cutoff of the heating function;
  • heat carrier is filled in only one time, and then it is pumped through the contours and through the heater along a closed cycle;
  • the temperature is specified only once, then the control system keeps the specified temperature automatically, managing the heater capacity.

The device can also work with an external source of warmed heat carrier, connected to the inlets of both headers 1 and 6.

In such a way, the described device has the multi-contour system of heat exchange with equalizing of the heat carrier temperature in the contours, the inlets of which are moved away from the inlet of warmed heat carrier into the pressure header.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The device allows to improve the temperature uniformity of heat carrier distributed from the pressure header into multiple separate heat exchange contours, at that use of liquid expense regulators in each contour, provided with the expense control system, is not needed.

The device allows not only improve uniformity of the heat carrier temperature, but also ensure uniformity of washing the built-in heaters and taking heating capacity from them, that, in its turn, regardless of the number of active (consuming heat and/or open/closed) for the moment heat exchange contours ensures:

• • uniformity of distribution of heating load along all the length of the built-in electrical heating element and smoothness of managing the heater capacity (absence of zones of overheating/underheating).

Claims

1. The heating—mixing device of a liquid heating system, comprising the distributive pressure and return headers, having the input end and the output end, as well as side offsets located along the headers, the circulatory pump, the intake nozzle of which is connected with the return header, and the delivery one—is connected with the pressure header, the headers are connected together by means of the bypass nozzle, at that the device is equipped with the block of electrical control, and on the input end of each header the temperature sensor and the thermostat are sequentially installed, being electrically connected to the control block, at that the inlet in each header is connected to the source of warmed heat carrier, at the same time the intake nozzle of the pump is connected with the output end of the return header, and the delivery nozzle is connected with the input end of the pressure header, the bypass nozzle connects the output end of the pressure header and the input end of the return header, at that the return header is located along the pressure one, and the input end of one header is located opposite the output end of another header, the source of warmed heat carrier is fulfilled in the form of a built-in electrical heater of cartridge type, installed in the input end of each header, at that on each header the symistor is installed, connected with the control block and the electrical heater of cartridge type with possibility of changing degree of its heating according to the signal received from the control block.