Patent Application
20210346580
The invention relates to a hemodialyzer and, more particularly, to a hemodialyzer capable of avoiding blood coagulation and a hemodialysis system equipped with the hemodialyzer.
At present, a hemodialyzer is widely used for blood purification in patients suffering from renal insufficiency. The hemodialyzer comprises a housing, a hollow fiber membrane and two caps, wherein the hollow fiber membrane is disposed in the housing and the two caps are disposed on opposite ends of the housing. When the hemodialyzer is used for hemodialysis, the blood flows into the housing through the cap disposed on a blood inlet end, passes through the hollow fiber membrane, and then flows out of the housing through the other cap disposed on a blood outlet end. In general, the caps are made of an engineering plastic, such as polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), and so on. Some substances including cells and proteins in the blood will be adsorbed on an inner surface of the cap during hemodialysis, such that blood coagulation usually occurs on the inner surface of the cap. Consequently, the safety of hemodialysis is affected.
An objective of the invention is to provide a hemodialyzer capable of avoiding blood coagulation and a hemodialysis system equipped with the hemodialyzer, so as to solve the aforesaid problems.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a hemodialyzer comprises a housing, a hollow fiber membrane, a first cap, a second cap and a hydrophilic material. The hollow fiber membrane is disposed in the housing. The first cap is disposed on a blood inlet end of the housing and the second cap is disposed on a blood outlet end of the housing, wherein the blood inlet end is opposite to the blood outlet end. The hydrophilic material is formed on an inner surface of at least one of the first cap and the second cap.
According to another embodiment of the invention, a hemodialysis system comprises a hemodialyzer, a first blood tube, a second blood tube, a first dialysate tube, a second dialysate tube and a hydrophilic material. The hemodialyzer comprises a housing, a hollow fiber membrane, a first cap and a second cap. The hollow fiber membrane is disposed in the housing. The first cap is disposed on a blood inlet end of the housing and the second cap is disposed on a blood outlet end of the housing, wherein the blood inlet end is opposite to the blood outlet end. The housing has a dialysate inlet port and a dialysate outlet port. The first blood tube is connected to the first cap. The second blood tube is connected to the second cap. The first dialysate tube is connected to the dialysate inlet port. The second dialysate tube is connected to the dialysate outlet port. The hydrophilic material is formed on an inner surface of at least one of the first cap and the second cap and formed on an inner surface of at least one of the first blood tube and the second blood tube.
As mentioned in the above, the invention forms the hydrophilic material on the inner surface of the cap, such that some substances including cells and proteins in the blood will not be adsorbed on the inner surface of the cap. Furthermore, the invention may further form the hydrophilic material on the inner surface of the blood tube connected to the cap, such that some substances including cells and proteins in the blood will not be adsorbed on the inner surface of the blood tube. Accordingly, the invention can avoid blood coagulation during hemodialysis, so as to ensure the safety of hemodialysis.
These and other objectives of the present invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment that is illustrated in the various figures and drawings.
Referring to
As shown in
The first sealing ring 108 is disposed on an inner surface 1040 of the first cap 104 and the second sealing ring 110 is disposed on an inner surface 1060 of the second cap 106. In this embodiment, the first sealing ring 108 and the second sealing ring 110 may be, but not limited to, O-rings. Furthermore, the first cap 104 has a blood inlet port 1042 and the second cap 106 has a blood outlet port 1062, wherein the blood inlet port 1042 and the blood outlet port 1062 are configured to connect blood tubes, so as to form a blood loop. Still further, the housing 100 has a dialysate inlet port 1004 and a dialysate outlet port 1006, wherein the dialysate inlet port 1004 and the dialysate outlet port 1006 are configured to connect dialysate tubes, so as to form a dialysate loop.
When the hemodialyzer 10 is used for hemodialysis, the blood flows into the housing 100 through the blood inlet port 1042 of the first cap 104, passes through the hollow fiber membrane 102, and then flows out of the housing 100 through the blood outlet port 1062 of the second cap 106. The hollow fiber membrane 102 dialyze the blood by tangential flow filtration. Furthermore, the dialysate flows into the housing 100 through the dialysate inlet port 1004 and then flows out of the housing 100 through the dialysate outlet port 1006. It should be noted that the principle of hemodialysis is well known by one skilled in the art, so the explanation will not be depicted herein.
In this embodiment, the hemodialyzer 10 further comprises a hydrophilic material 114 formed on the inner surface 1040, 1060 of at least one of the first cap 104 and the second cap 106. When the hydrophilic material 114 is formed on the inner surfaces 1040, 1060 of the first cap 104 and the second cap 106 (as shown in
In an embodiment, the invention may dissolve the hydrophilic material 114 in a solution and then soak the first cap 104 and the second cap 106 in the solution. Then, the first cap 104 and the second cap 106 are taken out of the solution and cured with high temperature, so as to solidify the hydrophilic material 114 on the first cap 104 and the second cap 106.
In another embodiment, the invention may coat hydrophilic material 114 on the inner surfaces 1040, 1060 of the first cap 104 and the second cap 106. Then, the inner surfaces 1040, 1060 of the first cap 104 and the second cap 106 are irradiated by ultraviolet (UV) rays, so as to solidify the hydrophilic material 114 on the first cap 104 and the second cap 106.
In general, blood coagulation is easier to be formed on the first cap 104 disposed on the blood inlet end 1000. Accordingly, in another embodiment, the invention may only form the hydrophilic material 114 on the inner surface 1040 of the first cap 104. Needless to say, the invention may only form the hydrophilic material 114 on the inner surface 1060 of the second cap 106 according to practical applications.
In another embodiment, the invention may further form the hydrophilic material 114 on an inner surface of at least one of the blood inlet port 1042 and the blood outlet port 1062, so as to avoid blood coagulation formed on the blood inlet port 1042 and/or the blood outlet port 1062 during hemodialysis. It should be noted that the invention may form the hydrophilic material 114 on the inner surface of at least one of the blood inlet port 1042 and the blood outlet port 1062 according to the aforesaid manners, so the repeated explanation will not be depicted herein again.
In another embodiment, the invention may further form the hydrophilic material 114 on at least one of the first sealing ring 108 and the second sealing ring 110, so as to avoid blood coagulation formed on the first sealing ring 108 and/or the second sealing ring 110 during hemodialysis. It should be noted that the invention may form the hydrophilic material 114 on at least one of the first sealing ring 108 and the second sealing ring 110 according to the aforesaid manners, so the repeated explanation will not be depicted herein again.
Referring to
The first blood tube 12 is connected to the blood inlet port 1042 of the first cap 104 and the second blood tube 14 is connected to the blood outlet port 1062 of the second cap 106, so as to form a blood loop. The first dialysate tube 16 is connected to the dialysate inlet port 1004 of the housing 100 and the second dialysate tube 18 is connected to the dialysate outlet port 1006 of the housing 100, so as to form a dialysate loop. The blood pump 20 and the arterial pressure monitor 22 are connected to the first blood tube 12. The venous pressure monitor 24 and the bubble detector 26 are connected to the second blood tube 14. The heater 28 is connected to the first dialysate tube 16. The dialysate pump 30 is connected to the second dialysate tube 18. It should be noted that the principles of the blood pump 20, the arterial pressure monitor 22, the venous pressure monitor 24, the bubble detector 26, the heater 28 and the dialysate pump 30 are well known by one skilled in the art, so the explanation will not be depicted herein.
In this embodiment, the invention may further form the hydrophilic material 114 on an inner surface of at least one of the first blood tube 12 and the second blood tube 14, so as to avoid blood coagulation formed on the first blood tube 12 and/or the second blood tube 14 during hemodialysis.
As mentioned in the above, the invention forms the hydrophilic material on the inner surface of the cap, such that some substances including cells and proteins in the blood will not be adsorbed on the inner surface of the cap. Furthermore, the invention may further form the hydrophilic material on the inner surface of the blood tube connected to the cap, such that some substances including cells and proteins in the blood will not be adsorbed on the inner surface of the blood tube. Still further, the invention may further form the hydrophilic material on the inner surface of the blood inlet port and/or the blood outlet port, such that some substances including cells and proteins in the blood will not be adsorbed on the inner surface of the blood inlet port and/or the blood outlet port . Moreover, the invention may further form the hydrophilic material on the sealing ring, such that some substances including cells and proteins in the blood will not be adsorbed on the sealing ring. Accordingly, the invention can avoid blood coagulation during hemodialysis, so as to ensure the safety of hemodialysis.
Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and alterations of the device and method may be made while retaining the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, the above disclosure should be construed as limited only by the metes and bounds of the appended claims.
