Patent Application
20130199277
The present invention relates to a hemoglobin S analysis method, a hemoglobin A2 analysis method, and a hemoglobin A0 analysis method which enable even highly retentive hemoglobin S, hemoglobin A2, and hemoglobin A0 to be separated in sharp, highly symmetrical peaks by cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography.
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of hemoglobins is a widely used technique. Specifically, this technique is used for diagnosis of diabetes, for example, to quantify a glycohemoglobin, hemoglobin A1c, or to analyze abnormal hemoglobins. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a method utilizing liquid chromatography which separates hemoglobin components in a diluted hemolyzed blood sample by a cation-exchange method based on the difference in positive charge between the hemoglobin components. A recent increase in diabetes patients has also increased the number of cases requiring hemoglobin A1c analysis. This tendency has created a demand for more accurate, less time-consuming HPLC analysis.
Hemoglobins are present in the body in the forms of oxyhemoglobin that contains bound oxygen, deoxyhemoglobin that contains bound carbon dioxide, and methemoglobin in which the iron in the heme group is oxidized into the trivalent ion state. It is known that in the presence of an azide or cyanide, the trivalent Fe ion in methemoglobin binds to the azide or cyanide, resulting in the conversion of methemoglobin into stable azide metohemoglobin or cyanomethemoglobin. Disadvantageously, in the case of cation-exchange HPLC, oxyhemoglobin may differ from azide metohemoglobin or cyanomethemoglobin in elution time. Because of a slight difference in electric charge between these hemoglobin forms, the HPLC analysis may result in poorly separated broad peaks or a bimodal distribution.
HPLC analysis of hemoglobins is mainly used for diagnosis of hemoglobinopathy and thalassemia which may cause anemia, in addition to diabetes. Especially, the number of cases requiring analysis and detection of hemoglobin S is large because hemoglobin S is the most common abnormal hemoglobin and causes sickle cell anaemia which results in severe anemia. On the other hand, in the case of analysis of the diabetes marker hemoglobin A1c, it is preferred to separate abnormal hemoglobins including hemoglobin S. If the analysis provides broad peaks or a bimodal distribution, separation of these abnormal hemoglobins from normal hemoglobins is difficult and these hemoglobins may have a negative impact on the resulting measurements. Therefore, it is preferred to separate these abnormal hemoglobins in sharp peaks. In the case of diagnosis of thalassemia, hemoglobin A2 is analyzed. Hemoglobin A2 is, however, a minor component and often elutes next to hemoglobin A0 that is present in a large amount. Thus, it is preferred to separate both hemoglobin A0 and hemoglobin A2 in sharp peaks. However, in the case of cation-exchange chromatography, components that are comparatively retentive in a cation-exchange column may cause the problem of broad peaks or a bimodal distribution.
Further, deteriorated blood samples tend to give broad peaks or a bimodal peak distribution compared to fresh blood samples. This is because the amount of metohemoglobin is increased due to deterioration. Therefore, in the case of analysis of a preserved sample (e.g. re-examination), there is a possibility of a negative impact on the resulting measurements.
An object of the present invention is to provide a hemoglobin S analysis method, hemoglobin A2 analysis method, and hemoglobin A0 analysis method which enable even highly retentive hemoglobin S, a hemoglobin A2 and a hemoglobin A0 to be separated in sharp, highly symmetrical peaks by cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography.
A first aspect of the present invention is a method for analyzing hemoglobin S by cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography, which includes utilizing an eluent that contains an azide or a cyanide at a concentration of 0.1 to 50 mmol/L and has a pH in the range of 6.80 to 7.50 near the isoelectric point of hemoglobin.
A second aspect of the present invention is a method for analyzing hemoglobin A2 by cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography, which includes utilizing an eluent that contains an azide or a cyanide at a concentration of 0.1 to 50 mmol/L and has a pH in the range of 6.45 to 6.85 near the isoelectric point of hemoglobin.
A third aspect of the present invention is a method for analyzing hemoglobin A0 by cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography, which includes utilizing an eluent that contains an azide or a cyanide at a concentration of 0.1 to 50 mmol/L and has a pH in the range of 6.00 to 6.75 near the isoelectric point of hemoglobin.
The following description discusses the present invention in detail.
Generally, eluents having a pH of less than 6 have been used to separate highly retentive hemoglobins. The present inventors, however, have found that the above pH range has a large impact on the shape of peaks.
Also, the present inventors have found that even highly retentive hemoglobins can be separated in highly symmetry sharp peaks by using an eluent that contains an azide or cyanide at a specific concentration to stabilize methemoglobin and is adjusted to a pH in a certain range near the isoelectric point of hemoglobin, and thus completed the present invention.
The term “highly retentive hemoglobins” herein is intended to mean hemoglobin A0, hemoglobin A2, and hemoglobin S which exhibit high retention in a cation-exchange column. It is known that the isoelectric points of hemoglobin A0, hemoglobin A2, and hemoglobin S are in the range of 6.95 to 7.45. The term “poorly retentive hemoglobins” is intended to mean hemoglobins which exhibit low retention in a cationic-exchange column, and specifically refer to hemoglobin A1a, hemoglobin A1b, hemoglobin F, labile hemoglobin A1c, stable hemoglobin A1c, and the like. It should be noted that the order of elution of hemoglobins in ion-exchange chromatography does not always correspond to their isoelectric points because the retention of hemoglobins depends on their three dimensional structure.
In the hemoglobin S analysis method of the first aspect of the present invention, the hemoglobin A2 analysis method of the second aspect of the present invention, and the hemoglobin A0 analysis method of the third aspect of the present invention, an eluent containing an azide or a cyanide is used.
Since the eluent contains an azide or cyanide, methemoglobin is stabilized. Generally, hemoglobins are quantified based on their absorbance of a wavelength near 415 nm. The difference in absorption spectra at a wavelength near 415 nm of oxyhemoglobin and azide hemoglobin or cyanomethemoglobin is too small to be a problem in the accuracy of quantification. On the other hand, if the eluent does not contain azides and cyanides, hemoglobins are present in the methemoglobin form, which is known to have a considerably prolonged elution time in cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography. In addition, methemoglobin may cause a problem in the accuracy of quantification at 415 nm because the local maximum of the absorbance, although depending on the external environment, is near 405 nm.
Examples of the azide include sodium azide, diphenylphosphoryl azide, 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonyl azide, 4-acetylamidobenzenesulfonyl azide, potassium azide, lithium azide, iron azide, hydrogen azide, lead azide, mercury azide, copper azide, and silver azide.
Examples of the cyanide include potassium cyanide, hydrogen cyanide, sodium cyanide, silver cyanide, mercury cyanide, copper cyanide, lead cyanide, iron cyanide, lithium cyanide, and ammonium cyanide.
In the hemoglobin S analysis method of the first aspect of the present invention, the hemoglobin A2 analysis method of the second aspect of the present invention, and the hemoglobin A0 analysis method of the third aspect of the present invention, the lower limit of the azide or cyanide concentration in the eluent is 0.1 mmol/L, and the upper limit thereof is 50 mmol/L. If the azide or cyanide concentration is 0.1 mmol/L, the methemoglobin stabilization effect is not enough. If the azide or cyanide concentration is higher than 50 mmol/L, excessive met-form transformation and/or decomposition of hemoglobins may arise. The preferable lower limit of the azide or cyanide concentration is 0.5 mmol/L, and the preferable upper limit is 30 mmol/L. The more preferable lower limit is 1 mmol/L, and the more preferable upper limit is 10 mmol/L.
The use of the hemoglobin S analysis method of the first aspect of the present invention enables even highly retentive hemoglobin S to be separated in a sharp, highly symmetrical peak.
In the hemoglobin S analysis method of the first aspect of the present invention, the lower limit of the pH of the eluent is 6.80, and the upper limit thereof is 7.50. If the pH of the eluent is less than 6.80, hemoglobin S analysis by HPLC may result in a broad leading peak, a broad peak, or a bimodal distribution. If the pH of the eluent is more than 7.50, hemoglobin S may exhibit low retention in a cation-exchange column and thus may be eluted in an extremely short time, or the analysis may result in a broad tailing peak, a broad peak, or a bimodal distribution. In the hemoglobin S analysis method of the first aspect of the present invention, the preferable lower limit of the pH of the eluent is 6.95, and the preferable upper limit is 7.45. The more preferable lower limit is 7.00, and the more preferable upper limit is 7.40.
The use of the hemoglobin A2 analysis method of the second aspect of the present invention enables even highly retentive hemoglobin A2 to be separated in a sharp, highly symmetrical peak.
In the hemoglobin A2 analysis method of the second aspect of the present invention, the lower limit of the pH of the eluent is 6.45, and the upper limit thereof is 6.85. If the pH of the eluent is less than 6.45, hemoglobin A2 analysis by HPLC may result in a broad leading peak, a broad peak, or a bimodal distribution. If the pH of the eluent is more than 6.85, hemoglobin A2 may exhibit low retention in a cation-exchange column and thus may be eluted in an extremely short time, and the analysis may result in a broad tailing peak, a broad peak, or a bimodal distribution. In the hemoglobin A2 analysis method of the second aspect of the present invention, the preferable lower limit of the pH of the eluent is 6.50, and the preferable upper limit is 6.80.
Further, the use of the hemoglobin A0 analysis method of the third aspect of the present invention enables even highly retentive hemoglobin A0 to be separated in a sharp, highly symmetrical peak.
In the hemoglobin A0 analysis method of the third aspect of the present invention, the lower limit of the pH of the eluent is 6.00, and the upper limit thereof is 6.75. If the pH of the eluent is less than 6.00, hemoglobin A0 analysis by HPLC may result in a broad leading peak, a broad peak, or a bimodal distribution. If the pH of the eluent is more than 6.75, hemoglobin A0 may exhibit low retention in a cation-exchange column and thus may be eluted in an extremely short time, and the analysis may result in a broad tailing peak, a broad peak, or a bimodal distribution. In the hemoglobin A0 analysis method of the third aspect of the present invention, the preferable lower limit of the pH of the eluent is 6.20, and the preferable upper limit is 6.70. The more preferable lower limit is 6.40, and the more preferable upper limit is 6.65.
In the hemoglobin S analysis method of the first aspect of the present invention, the hemoglobin A2 analysis method of the second aspect of the present invention, and the hemoglobin A0 analysis method of the third aspect of the present invention, the eluent is not particularly limited, provided that the azide or cyanide concentration and the pH fall within the above-mentioned respective ranges. The eluent may be, for example, a known buffer containing a buffering agent such as an organic acid or a salt thereof, an amino acid, an inorganic acid or a salt thereof, or a Good's buffer.
Examples of the organic acid include citric acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, and malic acid.
Examples of the amino acid include glycine, taurine, and arginine.
Examples of the inorganic acid include hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid, and acetic acid.
The buffer may optionally contain any of surfactants, various polymers, hydrophilic low-molecular weight compounds, and the like.
In the hemoglobin S analysis method of the first aspect of the present invention, the hemoglobin A2 analysis method of the second aspect of the present invention, and the hemoglobin A0 analysis method of the third aspect of the present invention, the buffering agent concentration in the eluent is not particularly limited, but the preferable lower limit thereof is 5 mmol/L, and the preferable upper limit thereof is 500 mmol/L. If the buffering agent concentration is lower than 5 mmol/L, the buffer action may not be enough. If the buffering agent concentration is higher than 500 mmol/L, the buffering agent may be precipitated so as to clog an HPLC path and reduce the eluent replacement efficiency, resulting in a longer time for equilibration. The more preferable lower limit of the buffering agent concentration is 10 mmol/L, and the preferable upper limit is 200 mmol/L.
In order to optimize elution of hemoglobins in peaks, the eluent may contain an inorganic salt such as sodium perchlorate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium phosphate, or sodium thiocyanate.
In the hemoglobin S analysis method of the first aspect of the present invention, the hemoglobin A2 analysis method of the second aspect of the present invention, and the hemoglobin A0 analysis method of the third aspect of the present invention, the salt concentration in the eluent is not particularly limited, but the preferable upper limit thereof is 500 mmol/L. If the salt concentration is higher than 500 mmol/L, the salt may be precipitated to cause a negative impact on an analysis system. The more preferable upper limit of the salt concentration is 200 mmol/L.
The eluent may contain a pH adjuster such as a known acid or base. Examples of the acid include hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid. Examples of the base include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide.
The eluent may contain a water-soluble organic solvent such as methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, or acetone. The water-soluble organic solvent is preferably added at a concentration that does not cause components such as the salt to be precipitated, and the preferable upper limit of the concentration is 80% (v/v).
Highly retentive hemoglobin S, hemoglobin A2, and hemoglobin A0 are respectively eluted with the above eluents by the hemoglobin S analysis method of the first aspect of the present invention, the hemoglobin A2 analysis method of the second aspect of the present invention, and the hemoglobin A0 analysis method of the third aspect of the present invention. Before elution with these eluents, poorly retentive hemoglobins may be eluted with an eluent having a pH less than these eluents. In this case, eluents to be used are preferably buffers that contain the same components, but are not limited only to buffers that contain the same components, provided that baseline variations of detector outputs caused by eluent changes have no impact on the resulting measurements.
More preferably, the eluents have the same buffering agent concentration in order to further reduce the baseline variations.
In the hemoglobin S analysis method of the first aspect of the present invention, the hemoglobin A2 analysis method of the second aspect of the present invention, and the hemoglobin A0 analysis method of the third aspect of the present invention, cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography is employed. The cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography may be performed in a known manner, for example, by conveying the eluent to a cation-exchange column through a degasser by a pump to separate hemoglobins maintained in the cation-exchange column, and analyzing a mobile phase flowing out of the cation-exchange column.
The cation-exchange column used in the hemoglobin S analysis method of the first aspect of the present invention, the hemoglobin A2 analysis method of the second aspect of the present invention, and the hemoglobin A0 analysis method of the third aspect of the present invention is a column containing a fixed phase. Examples of the fixed phase include filler particles and porous materials, and filler particles are preferred.
Examples of the filler particles include inorganic particles and organic particles.
Examples of the inorganic particles include particles made of silica, zirconia, or the like.
Examples of the organic particles include natural polymer particles of cellulose, a polyamino acid, chitosan, or the like, and synthetic polymer particles of polystyrene, a polyacrylic acid ester, or the like.
The fixed phase is preferably a fixed phase that has a cation-exchange group.
Examples of the cation-exchange group include carboxyl group, phosphate group, and sulfone group.
The analysis conditions of the hemoglobin S analysis method of the first aspect of the present invention, the hemoglobin A2 analysis method of the second aspect of the present invention, and the hemoglobin A0 analysis method of the third aspect of the present invention can be appropriately determined based on samples to be analyzed, the type of the cation-exchange column, and the like. Specifically, the preferable lower limit of the flow rate of the eluent is 0.05 mL/min, and the preferable upper limit thereof is 5 mL/min. The more preferable lower limit is 0.2 mL/min, and the more preferable upper limit is 3 mL/min. The detection wavelength for hemoglobins is preferably, but is not limited only to, 415 nm. Generally, samples to be analyzed are those prepared by hemolyzing a blood sample with a solution that contains a substance having a hemolytic activity such as a surfactant, and diluting the hemolyzed sample. The amount of a sample to be introduced depends on the dilution ratio of the blood sample and is preferably about 0.1 to 100 μL.
The present invention provides a hemoglobin S analysis method, a hemoglobin A2 analysis method, and a hemoglobin A0 analysis method which enable even highly retentive hemoglobin S, hemoglobin A2, and hemoglobin A0 to be separated in sharp, highly symmetrical peaks by cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography.
a), 2(b), and 2(c) are respectively chromatograms of sample A, sample B, and sample C each of which was eluted using eluent 2 for a period of time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after starting analysis.
a), 3(b), and 3(c) are respectively chromatograms of sample A, sample B, and sample C each of which was eluted using eluent 3 for a period of time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after starting analysis.
a), 4(b), and 4(c) are respectively chromatograms of sample A, sample B, and sample C each of which was eluted using eluent 4 for a period of time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after starting analysis.
a), 5(b), and 5(c) are respectively chromatograms of sample A, sample B, and sample C each of which was eluted using eluent 5 for a period of time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after starting analysis.
a), 6(b), and 6(c) are respectively chromatograms of sample A, sample B, and sample C each of which was eluted using eluent 6 for a period of time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after starting analysis.
a), 7(b), and 7(c) are respectively chromatograms of sample A, sample B, and sample C each of which was eluted using eluent 7 for a period of time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after starting analysis.
a), 8(b), and 8(c) are respectively chromatograms of sample A, sample B, and sample C each of which was eluted using eluent 8 for a period of time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after starting analysis.
a), 9(b), and 9(c) are respectively chromatograms of sample A, sample B, and sample C each of which was eluted using eluent 9 for a period of time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after starting analysis.
a), 10(b), and 10(c) are respectively chromatograms of sample A, sample B, and sample C each of which was eluted using eluent 10 for a period of time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after starting analysis.
a), 11(b), and 11(c) are respectively chromatograms of sample A, sample B, and sample C each of which was eluted using eluent 11 for a period of time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after starting analysis.
a), 12(b), and 12(c) are respectively chromatograms of sample A, sample B, and sample C each of which was eluted using eluent 12 for a period of time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after starting analysis.
a), 13(b), and 13(c) are respectively chromatograms of sample A, sample B, and sample C each of which was eluted using eluent 13 for a period of time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after starting analysis.
The following description will discuss the present invention in more detail by way of Examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited only to these examples.
The following three samples were analyzed.
Sample A was prepared by diluting a blood sample containing hemoglobin S 100-fold with a diluent (phosphate buffer (pH 7.00) containing 0.1% Triton X-100).
Sample B was prepared by diluting AFSC control (Helena Laboratories) 50-fold with a diluent (phosphate buffer (pH 7.00) containing 0.1% Triton X-100).
Sample C was prepared by mixing sample A and sample B at 1:1.
The used cation-exchange column was one containing a cation-exchange resin, and the used HPLC instrument was provided with a detector SPD-M20A (Shimadzu Corp.), a sample delivery pump LC-20AD (Shimadzu Corp.), a degasser DGU-20A5 (Shimadzu Corp.), a column oven CTO-20AC (Shimadzu Corp.), and an autosampler SIL-20AC (Shimadzu Corp.). The analysis was performed under the following conditions:
flow rate: 1.7 mL/min;
detection wavelength: 415 nm; and
amount of introduced sample: 10 μL.
Each sample was eluted using the following eluents for the respective periods of time:
from 0 (start) to 0.5 minutes after the start: eluent 1 (40 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 5.35) containing 60 mmol/L sodium perchlorate and 1 mmol/L sodium azide);
from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after the start: eluent 2 shown in Table 1;
from 1.0 minute to 1.1 minutes after the start: eluent 14 (40 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 8.00) containing 0.8% by weight of Triton X-100, 30 mmol/L sodium perchlorate, and 1 mmol/L sodium azide); and
from 1.1 minutes to 1.5 minutes after the start: eluent 1.
The buffering agent concentration in eluent 2 was controlled such that the sample A analysis resulted in a hemoglobin S elution time of about 50 seconds.
The detection was at 415 nm.
Samples A, B, and C were analyzed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that eluents 3 to 13 shown in Table 1 were used for elution over the period of time ranging from 0.5 minutes to 1.0 minute after the start. The buffering agent concentration in eluent 3 was controlled such that the sample A analysis resulted in a hemoglobin S elution time of about 50 seconds. The pH and salt concentration in eluents 4 to 13 were controlled such that the sample A analyses resulted in a hemoglobin S elution time of about 50 seconds (
A symmetry coefficient was calculated for peaks 2 of sample A. A symmetry coefficient closer to 1 indicates a peak shape closer to a normal distribution; thus the symmetry coefficient was used as an indicator of peak shape. Generally, the peak width at a height of 5% of the peak height is used to calculate the symmetry coefficient. However, in these examples, the coefficient was calculated using the half-width value because peaks 1 upstream of peaks 2 are fused with peaks 2 and the peak width at 5% height could not be calculated. The results are presented in Table 2.
In addition, the difference in elution time between peaks 2 of sample A and peaks 3 of sample B was calculated. The difference in elution time between peaks 2 of sample A and peaks 3 of sample B corresponds to the difference in elution time between hemoglobin S in the oxy form and azide methemoglobin. A smaller difference corresponds to elution times similar to each other, and therefore indicates peaks combined into a single peak; thus the difference was used as an indicator of the peak shape in combination with the symmetry coefficient. The results are presented in Table 2.
The resolution was calculated for peaks 2 of sample A by the JP (Japanese Pharmacopoeia) method. The results are presented in Table 2.
In addition, the depth of the valleys between peaks 1 and peaks 2 obtained in the analyses of sample A was calculated. The depth of the valleys between peaks 1 and peaks 2 in the analyses of sample A was used as an indicator for the resolution between adjacent peaks in combination with the resolution. The depth of each of the valleys between peaks 1 and peaks 2 was determined as the lowest point between each pair of peaks 1 and 2. The results are presented in Table 2.
Sample D was prepared by dissolving 5 mg of lyophilized hemoglobin A2 (“Hemoglobin A2, Ferrous Stabilized human lyophilized powder”, Sigma) in 100 μL of purified water and diluting the solution with 5 mL of a diluent (phosphate buffer (pH 7.00) containing 0.1% Triton X-100).
The used cation-exchange column was one containing a cation-exchange resin, and the used HPLC instrument was provided with a detector SPD-M20A (Shimadzu Corp.), a sample delivery pump LC-20AD (Shimadzu Corp.), a degasser DGU-20A5 (Shimadzu Corp.), a column oven CTO-20AC (Shimadzu Corp.), and an autosampler SIL-20AC (Shimadzu Corp.). The analysis was performed under the following conditions:
flow rate: 1.7 mL/min;
detection wavelength: 415 nm; and
amount of introduced sample: 10 μL.
The sample was eluted using the following eluents for the respective periods of time:
from 0 (start) to 0.7 minutes after the start: eluent 1 (40 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 5.35) containing 60 mmol/L sodium perchlorate and 1 mmol/L sodium azide);
from 0.7 minutes to 1.1 minutes after the start: eluent 16 shown in Table 3;
from 1.1 minutes to 1.2 minutes after the start: eluent 14 (40 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 8.00) containing 0.8% by weight of Triton X-100, 300 mmol/L sodium perchlorate, and 1 mmol/L sodium azide); and
from 1.2 minutes to 1.5 minutes after the start: eluent 1.
Sample D was analyzed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 8, except that eluents 17 to 22 shown in Table 3 were used for elution from 0.7 minutes to 1.1 minutes after the start.
The symmetry coefficient was calculated for peaks 4 of sample D. A symmetry coefficient closer to 1 indicates a peak shape closer to a normal distribution; thus the symmetry coefficient was used as an indicator of peak shape. The peak width at a height of 5% of the peak height was used to calculate the symmetry coefficient.
Sample E was prepared by dissolving glycohemoglobin control level I (Sysmex Corp.) in 200 μL of purified water, and diluting the solution with 10 mL of a diluent (phosphate buffer (pH 7.00) containing 0.1% TritonX-100).
The used cation-exchange column was one containing a cation-exchange resin, and the used HPLC instrument was provided with a detector SPD-M20A (Shimadzu Corp.), a sample delivery pump LC-20AD (Shimadzu Corp.), a degasser DGU-20A5 (Shimadzu Corp.), a column oven CTO-20AC (Shimadzu Corp.), and an autosampler SIL-20AC (Shimadzu Corp.). The analysis was performed under the following conditions:
flow rate: 1.7 mL/min;
detection wavelength: 415 nm; and
amount of introduced sample: 10 μL.
The sample was eluted using the following eluents for the respective periods of time:
from 0 (start) to 0.6 minutes after the start: eluent 1 (40 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 5.35) containing 60 mmol/L sodium perchlorate and 1 mmol/L sodium azide);
from 0.6 minutes to 1.0 minute after the start: eluent 25 shown in Table 4;
from 1.0 minute to 1.1 minutes after the start: eluent 14 (40 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 8.00) containing 0.8% by weight of Triton X-100, 300 mmol/L sodium perchlorate, and 1 mmol/L sodium azide); and
from 1.1 minutes to 1.5 minutes after the start: eluent 1.
Sample E was analyzed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 13, except that eluents 26 to 31 shown in Table 4 were used for elution from 0.6 minutes to 1.0 minute after the start.
The symmetry coefficient was calculated for peaks 1 of sample E. A symmetry coefficient closer to 1 indicates a peak shape closer to a normal distribution; thus, the symmetry coefficient was used an indicator of peak shape. The peak width at a height of 5% of the peak height was used to calculate the symmetry coefficient.
The present invention provides a hemoglobin S analysis method, a hemoglobin A2 analysis method, and a hemoglobin A0 analysis method which enable even highly retentive hemoglobin S, hemoglobin A2, and hemoglobin A0 to be separated by cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010-021466 | Feb 2010 | JP | national |
| 2010-269551 | Dec 2010 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2011/052113 | 2/2/2011 | WO | 00 | 1/31/2013 |
