The present invention relates to herbicidally active compositions comprising 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazoles and at least one further active compound selected from herbicidally active compounds and safeners.
In crop protection products, it is desirable in principle to increase the specificity and the reliability of the action of active compounds. In particular, it is desirable for the crop protection product to control the harmful plants effectively and, at the same time, to be tolerated by the useful plants in question.
Various publications have described 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazoles as being highly effective herbicides. However, their compatibility with dicotyledonous crop plants such as cotton, oilseed rape and some graminaceous plants such as barley, millet, corn, rice, wheat and sugar cane is not always satisfactory, i.e. in addition to the harmful plants, the crop plants are also damaged to an extent which is not acceptable. It is possible to spare the useful plants by lowering the application rates; however, the extent of the control of harmful plants is naturally also reduced.
It is known that certain combinations of different herbicides with specific action result in an enhanced activity of a herbicide component by synergism. As a consequence, it is possible to reduce the application rates of herbicidally active compounds required for controlling the harmful plants. Furthermore, it is known that in some cases better crop plant compatibility can be achieved by joint application of specifically acting herbicides with organic active compounds, some of which are themselves herbicidally active. In these cases, the active compounds act as antidote or antagonist, and, owing to the fact that they can reduce or even prevent damage to the crop plants, they are also referred to as safeners.
WO 98/27090 and WO 99/55702 disclose 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazoles of the formula I
in which the variables RA-RE and Z are as defined below:
However, the herbicidal action of the compounds described therein is unsatisfactory. Furthermore, at higher dosages, their compatibility with useful plants is not always ensured.
It is an object of the present invention to provide herbicidal compositions having increased activity against unwanted harmful plants and at the same time better compatibility with useful plants.
We have found that this object is achieved, surprisingly, by compositions comprising A) at least one 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I
in which the variables R1-R5 are as defined below:
The invention relates in particular to compositions in the form of herbicidally active crop protection compositions comprising a herbicidally effective amount of at least one mixture of A with B and/or C, as defined above, and at least one liquid and/or solid carrier, if desired, one or more surfactants and, if desired, one or more further auxiliaries customary for crop protection compositions. The invention also relates to compositions in the form of a crop protection composition formulated as a 2-component composition comprising a first component which comprises the active compound A, a solid or liquid carrier and, if appropriate, one or more surfactants, and a second component which comprises at least one further active compound selected from the herbicides B and the safeners C, a solid or liquid carrier and, if appropriate, one or more surfactants, where both components may additionally also comprise further auxiliaries customary for crop protection compositions.
Compositions according to the invention which comprise both at least one 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I and at least one herbicide-B surprisingly have better herbicidal activity, i.e. better action against harmful plants, than would have been expected based on the herbicidal action observed for the individual compounds. Compositions comprising a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I, a herbicide B and one of the compounds mentioned under C likewise have better herbicidal action against harmful plants than would have been expected based on the herbicidal activity of the individual compounds. The herbicidal action to be expected, based on the individual compounds, for the mixtures can be calculated using Colby's formula (see below). If the observed activity exceeds the expected additive activity of the individual compounds, this is referred to as synergism.
Compositions according to the invention comprising both at least one 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I and at least one of the compounds listed under C show, with comparable herbicidal action, better compatibility with useful plants than a composition comprising the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I on its own. This also applies, in a similar manner, to compositions comprising a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I, a herbicide B and one of the compounds mentioned under C, compared to compositions comprising only a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I and a herbicide B.
The invention furthermore relates to a method for controlling undesirable vegetation, in particular in crops of cereals, corn, soybeans, rice, oilseed rape, cotton, potatoes, groundnuts or in perennial crops, and also in crops which, by genetic engineering or by breeding, are resistant to one or more herbicides or to attack by insects. The invention also relates to a method for the desiccation or defoliation of plants. In the latter methods it is immaterial whether the herbicidally active compounds of components A) and B) and/or C) are formulated and applied jointly or separately, and, in the case of separate application, in which order the application takes place.
The organic moieties mentioned in the definition of the substituents R2 to R5 in formula I and R6 to R18 in the formulae II and III below or as radicals on cycloalkyl, phenyl or heterocyclic rings are—like the term halogen—collective terms for individual enumerations of the individual group members. All carbon chains, i.e. all alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylamino, alkylthio, haloalkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, haloalkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfonyl, alkenyl and alkynyl groups and corresponding moieties in larger groups such as alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, etc., can be straight-chain or branched, the prefix Cn-Cm denoting in each case the possible number of carbon atoms in the group. Halogenated substituents preferably carry one, two, three, four or five identical or different halogen atoms.
Specifically, the radicals have, for example, the following meanings:
C3-C8-cycloalkenyl: cyclopropenyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl or cyclooctenyl.
Preferred herbicides B which can be used according to the present invention in combination with the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazoles of the formula I are:
clomeprop, 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, MCPA, MCPA-thioethyl, dichlorprop, dichlorprop-P, mecoprop, mecoprop-P, 2,4-DB, MCPB, chloramben, dicamba, 2,3,6-TBA, tricamba, quinclorac, quinmerac, clopyralid, fluroxypyr, picloram, triclopyr and benazolin;
The 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazoles of the formula I are included in the general formula of the compounds disclosed in WO 98/27090 and WO 99/55702. The 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazoles of the formula I can be prepared by the processes described in these publications and by the processes described in WO 01/68644 and in the earlier application DE 101 01 762.6, which are expressly included herein by way of reference.
The active compounds B of groups b1) to b15) and the active compounds C are known herbicides and safeners, see, for example, The Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (http://www.hclrss.demon.co.uk/index.html); Farm Chemicals Handbook 2000 Vol. 86, Meister Publishing Company, 2000; B. Hock, C. Fedtke, R. R. Schmidt, Herbizide, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1995; W. H. Ahrens, Herbicide Handbook, 7th Edition, Weed Science Society of America, 1994; and K. K. Hatzios, Herbicide Handbook, Supplement to 7th Edition, Weed Science Society of America, 1998. 2,2,5-Trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1,3-oxazolidine [CAS No. 52836-31-4] is also known as R-29148. 4-(Dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane [CAS No. 71526-07-3] is also known as AD-67 and MON 4660. 4-(3-Trifluoromethylphenoxy)-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyrimidine is known from EP 723960. The bleacher herbicides of the formula III described below are disclosed in WO 96/26202, WO 97/41116, WO 97/41117 and WO 97/41118. The protoporphyrinogen-IX oxidase inhibitors of the formula II described below are known from the earlier patent application WO 01/83459.
The categorization of the active compounds according to their mode of action is based on current understanding. If an active compound acts by more than one mode of action, this substance was assigned to only one mode of action.
If the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazoles I, the herbicides B and/or the safeners C are capable of forming geometrical isomers, for example E/Z isomers, it is possible to use both the pure isomers and mixtures thereof in the compositions according to the invention. If the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazoles I, the herbicides B and/or the safeners C have one or more centers of chirality and, as a consequence, are present as enantiomers or diastereomers, it is possible to use both the pure enantiomers and diastereomers and their mixtures in the compositions according to the invention.
If the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazoles I, the herbicides B and/or the safeners C have functional groups which can be ionized, they can also be used in the form of their agriculturally acceptable salts. In general, the salts of those cations or the acid addition salts of those acids are suitable whose cations and anions, respectively, have no adverse effect on the action of the active compounds.
Preferred cations are the ions of the alkali metals, preferably of lithium, sodium and potassium, of the alkaline earth metals, preferably of calcium and magnesium, and of the transition metals, preferably of manganese, copper, zinc and iron, furthermore ammonium and substituted ammonium in which one to four hydrogen atoms are replaced by C1-C4-alkyl, hydroxy-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, hydroxy-C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, phenyl or benzyl, preferably ammonium, methylammonium, isopropylammonium, dimethylammonium, diisopropylammonium, trimethylammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, tetrabutylammonium, 2-hydroxyethylammonium, 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)eth-1-ylammonium, di(2-hydroxyethyl)]ammonium, benzyltrimethylammonium, benzyltriethylammonium, furthermore phosphonium ions, sulfonium ions, preferably tri(C1-C4-alkyl)sulfonium such as trimethylsulfonium, and sulfoxonium ions, preferably tri(C1-C4-alkyl)sulfoxonium.
It is possible to use, for example, the active compounds of the formula I which have an acid group, the active compounds II and III and chlorazifop, clodinafop, clofop, cyhalofop, diclofop, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, fenthiaprop, fluazifop, fluazifop-P, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-P, isoxapyrifop, propaquizafop, quizalofop, quizalofop-P, trifop, alloxydim, butroxydim, clethodim, cloproxydim, cycloxydim, profoxydim, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim, tralkoxydim, amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron, chlorimuron, chlorsulfuron, cinosulfuron, cyclosulfamuron, ethametsulfuron, ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, flupyrsulfuron, foramsulfuron, halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, iodosulfuron, mesosulfuron, metsulfuron, nicosulfuron, oxasulfuron, primisulfuron, prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, rimsulfuron, sulfometuron, sulfosulfuron, thifensulfuron, triasulfuron, tribenuron, trifloxysulfuron, triflusulfuron, tritosulfuron, propoxycarbazon, flucarbazon, imazamethabenz, imazamox, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr, cloransulam, diclosulam, florasulam, flumetsulam, metosulam, penoxsulam, bispyribac, pyrithiobac, pyriminobac, bentazon, acifluorfen, ethoxyfen, fluoroglycofen, fomesafen, halosafen, lactofen, pyraflufen, flumiclorac, fluthiacet, carfentrazone, flufenpyr, mesotrione, sulcotrione, glyphosate, glufosinate, bilanaphos, clomeprop, 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, dichlorprop, dichlorprop-P, MCPA, MCPB, mecoprop, mecoprop-P, 2,4,5-T, chloramben, dicamba, 2,3,6-TBA, tricamba, quinclorac, quinmerac, clopyralid, fluroxypyr, picloram, triclopyr, naptalam, diflufenzopyr, cloquintocet, fenchlorazole, isoxadifen and mefenpyr, if desired as salts of the agriculturally useful cations mentioned above, in the compositions according to the invention.
Anions of useful acid addition salts are primarily chloride, bromide, fluoride, iodide, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfate, sulfate, dihydrogen phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, nitrate, dicarbonate, carbonate, hexafluorosilicate, hexafluorophosphate, benzoate and the anions of C1-C4-alkanoic acids, preferably formate, acetate, propionate and butyrate.
In the compositions according to the invention, the active compounds cyperquat, diethamquat, difenzoquat, diquat, morfamquat and paraquat are usually employed as salts of the agriculturally useful anions mentioned above.
The active compounds I can be used in the mixtures according to the invention as acid addition salts, as mentioned above.
In the compositions according to the invention, the active compounds which carry a carboxyl group can, instead of the active compounds mentioned above, also be employed in the form of an agriculturally acceptable derivative, for example as amides such as mono- or di-C1-C6-alkylamides or arylamides, as esters, for example as allyl esters, propargyl esters, C1-C10-alkyl esters or alkoxyalkyl esters, and also as thioesters, for example as C1-C10-alkyl thioesters. Examples of active compounds having a COOH group which can also be employed as derivatives are: chlorazifop, clodinafop, clofop, cyhalofop, diclofop, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, fenthiaprop, fluazifop, fluazifop-P, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-P, isoxapyrifop, propaquizafop, quizalofop, quizalofop-P, trifop, bensulfuron, chlorimuron, ethametsulfuron, flupyrsulfuron, halosulfuron, iodosulfuron, mesosulfuron, metsulfuron, primisulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, sulfometuron, thifensulfuron, tribenuron, triflusulfuron, imazamethabenz, imazamox, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr, cloransulam, bispyribac, pyrithiobac, pyriminobac, acifluorfen, ethoxyfen, fluoroglycofen, lactofen, pyraflufen, flumiclorac, fluthiacet, carfentrazone, flufenpyr, clomeprop, 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, dichlorprop, dichlorprop-P, MCPA, MCPB, mecoprop, mecoprop-P, 2,4,5-T, chloramben, dicamba, 2,3,6-TBA, tricamba, quinclorac, quinmerac, clopyralid, fluroxypyr, picloram, triclopyr, naptalam, diflufenzopyr, cloquintocet, fenchlorazole, isoxadifen and mefenpyr.
Preferred mono- and di-C1-C6-alkylamides are the methyl- and the dimethylamides. Preferred arylamides are, for example, the anilides and the 2-chloroanilides. Preferred alkyl esters are, for example, the methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, mexyl (1-methylhexyl) or isooctyl (2-ethylhexyl) esters. Preferred C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl esters are the straight-chain or branched C1-C4-alkoxyethyl esters, for example the methoxyethyl, ethoxyethyl or butoxyethyl esters. An example of the straight-chain or branched C1-C10-alkyl thioesters is the ethyl thioester.
Among the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazoles of the formula I, preference is given to those in which the variables R1 to R5 independently of one another, but preferably combined, have the meanings given below:
Examples of particularly preferred herbicides I are the compounds of the formula Ia listed below in which R2, R3 and R5 together have the values given in one row of Table 1 (compounds I.1 to I.76)
Among the compositions according to the invention, preference is given to those which comprise at least one herbicide B selected from groups b1) to b7), b9) to b11), b13) to b15).
Among the compositions according to the invention, particular preference is given to those which comprise at least one herbicide B selected from groups b1), b2), b5), b6), b7), b9), b10), b13), b14) and b15), in particular selected from groups b1), b2), b5), b6), b7), b9) and b15).
Preferred herbicides B of groups b1) to b15) are the compounds listed below:
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the compositions according to the invention comprise, as active compound B), a compound selected from the group consisting of tepraloxydim, profoxydim, cyhalofop, sethoxydim, cyclosulfamuron, nicosulfuron, imazapyr, imazaquin, propoxycarbazone, pyrazosulfuron, imazamox, imazethapyr, imazapic, bentazone, atrazine, isoproturon, paraquat, clomazone, mesotrione, picolinafen, glyphosate, glufosinate, pendimethalin, acetochlor, S-metolachlor, flufenacet, dimethenamid-P, isoxaben, 2,4-D, quinclorac, dicamba, bromobutide, methyldymron, oxaziclomefone, daimuron (dymron), cumyluron and diflufenzopyr and also, in the case of ionizable or ionic herbicides such as tepraloxydim, profoxydim, sethoxydim, pyrazosulfuron, cyclosulfamuron, nicosulfuron, imazamox, imazethapyr, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, propoxycarbazone, bentazone, paraquat, mesotrione, glyphosate, glufosinate, 2,4-D, dicamba, quinclorac and diflufenzopyr, their salts, in particular their salts with the cations or anions mentioned as being preferred, and also, in the case of compounds with a carboxyl group such as pyrazosulfuron, imazamox, imazethapyr, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, 2,4-D, dicamba and quinclorac, their derivatives, in particular the esters or amides mentioned as being preferred.
Among the particularly preferred compositions according to the invention which comprise at least one protoporphyrinogen-IX oxidase inhibitor b4), one embodiment of the invention relates to those compositions which, as protoporphyrinogen-IX oxidase inhibitor b4), comprise a compound of the formula II. In this embodiment, preference is given to those compositions which comprise a compound of the formula II in which the variables R6 to R12 independently of one another and particularly preferably together have the following meanings:
R11, R12 are in particular C1-C6-alkyl, which may be identical or different.
Among the compositions which comprise at least one bleacher herbicide b5) and are particularly preferred according to the invention, one embodiment of the invention relates to those compositions which, as bleacher herbicide b5), comprise a compound of the formula III. In this embodiment, preference is given to those compositions which comprise a compound of the formula III in which the variables R13 to R18 independently of one another and particularly preferably together have the following meanings:
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the compositions according to the invention comprise, as active compounds C, at least one of the compounds listed below: benoxacor, cloquintocet, dichlormid, fenchlorazole, fenclorim, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen, mefenpyr, 2,2,5-trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1,3-oxazolidine, 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane and oxabetrinil and/or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof and/or, in the case of compounds having a COOH group, an agriculturally acceptable derivative.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those binary and ternary compositions which comprise at least one 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I as active compound A and at least one herbicide selected from classes b1) to b15) and, if appropriate, one or more safeners C. Very particular preference is given to those binary and ternary compositions which comprise at least one 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I as active compound A and at least one herbicide selected from classes b1), b2), b3), b5), b6), b7), b9), b10), b13), b14) and b15) and, if appropriate, one or more safeners C.
Particularly preferred are those compositions which comprise, as active compound A), a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole compound of the formula I in which R1 is difluoromethoxy, R2 is chlorine or bromine, R3 is fluorine or chlorine, R4 is Cl and R5 is C1-C4-alkyl and, as active compound B), a compound selected from the group consisting of tepraloxydim, profoxydim, cyhalofop, sethoxydim, cyclosulfamuron, pyrazosulfuron, imazamox, imazethapyr, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, nicosulfuron, propoxycarbazone, dicamba, bentazone, atrazine, isoproturon, paraquat, clomazone, mesotrione, picolinafen, glyphosate, glufosinate, pendimethalin, acetochlor, S-metolachlor, bromobutide, flufenacet, dimethenamid-P, isoxaben, 2,4-D, quinclorac, methyldymron, oxaziclomefone, daimuron (dymron), cumyluron and diflufenzopyr and also, in the case of ionizable or ionic herbicides such as tepraloxydim, profoxydim, sethoxydim, pyrazosulfuron, cyclosulfamuron, imazamox, imazethapyr, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, nicosulfuron, propoxycarbazone, bentazone, paraquat, mesotrione, glyphosate, glufosinate, 2,4-D, dicamba and difluenzopyr, their salts, in particular with the anions or cations stated as being preferred and also, in the case of compounds having a carboxyl group such as pyrazosulfuron, imazamox, imazethapyr, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, 2,4-D, dicamba and quinclorac, their derivatives, in particular the esters or amides mentioned as being preferred.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compositions of the invention which comprise a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I, especially of formula Ia, in combination with at least one and especially exactly one herbicidally active compound of the group b1), in particular selected from the group consisting of clodinafop, cyhalofop, diclofop, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, profoxydim, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim, tralkoxydim, dimepiperate, esprocarb, molinate and thiobencarb and, if desired, a safener C), in particular selected from the group consisting of fenclorazole, cloquintocet, isoxadifen and mefenpyr.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compositions of the invention which comprise a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I, especially of formula Ia, in combination with at least one and especially exactly one herbicidally active compound of the group b2), in particular selected from the group consisting of amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron, chlorsulfuron, cinosulfuron, cyclosulfamuron, ethoxysulfuron, foramsulfuron, imazosulfuron, iodosulfuron, mesosulfuron, metsulfuron, nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, rimsulfuron, sulfosulfuron, trifloxysulfuron, tritosulfuron, propoxycarbazone, flucarbazone, imazamethabenz, imazamox, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr, metosulam, diclosulam, florasulam, penoxsulam, bispyribac, pyribenzoxim, pyriftalid and pyriminobac and, if desired, a safener C), in particular selected from the group consisting of furilazole, fenclorazole, cloquintocet, isoxadifen and mefenpyr.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compositions of the invention which comprise a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I, especially of formula Ia, in combination with at least one and especially exactly one herbicidally active compound of the group b3), in particular selected from the group consisting of atrazine, cyanazine, terbuthylazine, amicarbazone, chlorotoluron, diuron, isoproturon, methabenzthiazuron, bentazone, propanil, pentanochlor, pyridate, bromoxynil, ioxynil and paraquat and, if desired, a safener C), in particular selected from the group consisting of furilazole, fenclorazole, cloquintocet, isoxadifen and mefenpyr.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compositions of the invention which comprise a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I, especially of formula Ia, in combination with at least one and especially exactly one herbicidally active compound of the group b5), in particular selected from the group consisting of diflufenican, picolinafen, mesotrione, sulcotrione, isoxaflutole, benzofenap, pyrazolynate, pyrazoxyfen, benzobicyclon, aclonifen, 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyrimidine, [2-chloro-3-(4,5-dihydro-3-isoxazolyl)-4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl](5-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone and [3-(4,5-dihydro-3-isoxazolyl)-2-methyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl](5-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone and, if desired, a safener C), in particular selected from the goup consisting of furilazole, fenclorazole, cloquintocet, ioxadifen and mefenpyr.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compositions of the invention which comprise a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I, especially of formula Ia, in combination with at least one and especially exactly one herbicidally active compound of the group b6), in particular glyphosate and, if desired, a safener C), in particular selected from the group consisting of furilazole, fenclorazole, cloquintocet, isoxadifen and mefenpyr.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compositions of the invention which comprise a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I, especially of formula Ia, in combination with at least one and especially exactly one herbicidally active compound of the group b7), in particular glufosinate and, if desired, a safener C), in particular selected from the group consisting of furilazole, fenclorazole, cloquintocet, isoxadifen and mefenpyr.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compositions of the invention which comprise a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I, especially of formula Ia, in combination with at least one and especially exactly one herbicidally active compound of the group b9), in particular pendimethalin and dithiopyr and, if desired, a safener C), in particular selected from the group consisting of furilazole, fenclorazole, cloquintocet, isoxadifen and mefenpyr.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compositions of the invention which comprise a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I, especially of formula Ia, in combination with at least one and especially exactly one herbicidally active compound of the group b10), in particular selected from the group consisting of acetochlor, butachlor, dimethenamid, dimethenamid-P, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, pethoxamid, pretilachlor, thenylchlor, flufenacet, mefenacet, naproanilide, fentrazamide, cafenstrole and indanofan and, if desired, a safener C), in particular selected from the group consisting of 2,2,5-trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1,3-oxazolidine, dichlormid, furilazole, oxabetrinil, fluxofenim, benoxacor, fenclorim and 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa- 4-azaspiro[4.5]decane.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compositions of the invention which comprise a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I, especially of formula Ia, in combination with at least one and especially exactly one herbicidally active compound of the group b13), in particular selected from the group consisting of 2,4-D, dichlorprop, dichlorprop-P, mecoprop, MCPA, mecoprop-P, dicamba, quinclorac and quinmerac and, if desired, a safener C), in particular selected from the group consisting of furilazole, fenclorazole, cloquintocet, isoxadifen and mefenpyr.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compositions of the invention which comprise a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I, especially of formula Ia, in combination with at least one and especially exactly one herbicidally active compound of the group b14), in particular diflufenzopyr and, if desired, a safener C), in particular selected from the group consisting of furilazole, fenclorazole, cloquintocet, isoxadifen and mefenpyr.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compositions of the invention which comprise a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I, especially of formula Ia, in combination with at least one and especially exactly one herbicidally active compound of the group b15), in particular selected from the group consisting of bromobutide, cinmethylin, methyldymron, pyributicarb, oxaziclomefone, triaziflam, daimuron (dymron) and cumyluron and, if desired, a safener C), in particular selected from the group consisting of furilazole, fenclorazole, cloquintocet, isoxadifen and mefenpyr.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compositions of the invention which comprise a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I, especially of formula Ia, in combination with at least one and especially exactly one safener C), in particular selected from the group consisting of furilazole, fenclorazole, cloquintocet, isoxadifen and mefenpyr.
In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, preference is given to those compositions of the invention which comprise a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I, especially of formula Ia, in combination with at least one and especially exactly one safener C), in particular selected from the group consisting of 2,2,5-trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1,3-oxazolidine, dichlormid, furilazole, oxabetrinil, fluxofenim, benoxacor, fenclorim and 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane.
In the preferred or especially preferred compositions described above the herbicides B) as well as the safeners C) can be used in the form of their agriculturally acceptable salts or in the form of an agriculturally acceptable derivative thereof as described above. The weight ratios of the individual components in the compositions are within the limits stated above. Among the especially preferred compositions, particular preference is given to those compositions of the invention in which the variables R1 to R15 have the preferred meanings, especially the particularly preferred meanings. Particular preference is given to 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula Ia as defined above.
Here and below, the term “binary compositions” embraces compositions which comprise one or more, for example 2 or 3, active compounds A and one or more, for example 2 or 3, herbicides B or one or more, for example 2 or 3, safeners C. Correspondingly, the term “ternary compositions” embraces compositions which comprise one or more, for example 2 or 3, active compounds A, one or more, for example 2 or 3, herbicides B and one or more, for example 2 or 3, safeners C.
In binary compositions which comprise at least one 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I as component A and at least one herbicide B, the weight ratio of the active compounds A:B is generally in the range from 1:500 to 10:1, preferably in the range from 1:100 to 10:1, in particular in the range from 1:50 to 10:1 and particularly preferably in the range from 1:25 to 5:1.
In binary compositions which comprise at least one 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I and at least one safener C, the weight ratio of the active compounds A:C is generally in the range from 1:100 to 10:1, preferably from 1:50 to 10:1 and in particular in the range from 1:25 to 5:1.
In ternary compositions comprising both a 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I as component A, at least one herbicide B and at least one safener C, the relative weight proportions of the components A:B:C are generally in the range from 10:1:1 to 1:500:10, preferably from 10:1:1 to 1:100:10, in particular from 10:1:1 to 1:50:1 and particularly preferably from 5:1:1 to 1:25:5. In these ternary compositions, the weight ratio of herbicide B to safener C is preferably in the range from 50:1 to 1:10.
Examples of compositions which are preferred according to the invention are those which, as active compound A), comprise the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 and, as further active compound, the substance(s) stated in one row of Table 2 (compositions 1.1 to 1.370). The weight ratios of the individual components in the compositions 1.1 to 1.370 are within the limits stated above, in particular within the preferred limits, in the case of binary mixtures of 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 and herbicide B) for example 1:1, 1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:20 or 1:50, in the case of binary mixtures of 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole 1.1 and safener C for example 1:1 or in the case of a ternary mixture of 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1, herbicide B and safener C for example 1:1:1, 2:1:1, 1:2:1, 1:5:1 or 1:5:2.
If the active compounds mentioned in Table 2 have ionizable functional groups, preference is also given to those mixtures in which the active compounds listed are in each case replaced by their agriculturally acceptable salts, in particular, in the case of compounds which can be deprotonated, by their lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, methylammonium, isopropylammonium, dimethylammonium, diisopropylammonium, trimethylammonium, 2-hydroxyethylammonium, 2-(2-hydroxyeth-1-oxy)eth-1-ylammonium, di-(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium or trimethylsulfonium salts and also, in the case of protonatable or cationic compounds, by their chloride, bromide, hydrogensulfate, methylsulfate, sulfate, dihydrogenphosphate or hydrogenphosphate salts or acid addition salts. If the active compounds mentioned in Table 2 have a carboxyl group, preference is also given to those mixtures where the active compounds listed are in each case replaced by their agriculturally acceptable derivatives, in particular their methyl- or dimethylamides, their anilides or 2-chloroanilides, their methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, mexyl, isooctyl, methoxyethyl, ethoxyethyl or butoxyethyl esters or their thioethyl esters.
Preference is also given to the compositions 2.1-2.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.2.
Preference is also given to the compositions 3.1-3.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.3.
Preference is also given to the compositions 4.1-4.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.4.
Preference is also given to the compositions 5.1-5.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.5.
Preference is also given to the compositions 6.1-6.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.6.
Preference is also given to the compositions 7.1-7.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.7.
Preference is also given to the compositions 8.1-8.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.8.
Preference is also given to the compositions 9.1-9.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.9.
Preference is also given to the compositions 10.1-10.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.10.
Preference is also given to the compositions 11.1-11.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.11.
Preference is also given to the compositions 12.1-12.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.12.
Preference is also given to the compositions 13.1-13.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.13.
Preference is also given to the compositions 14.1-14.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.14.
Preference is also given to the compositions 15.1-15.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.15.
Preference is also given to the compositions 16.1-16.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.16.
Preference is also given to the compositions 17.1-17.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole 1.17.
Preference is also given to the compositions 18.1-18.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole 1.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.18.
Preference is also given to the compositions 19.1-19.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.19.
Preference is also given to the compositions 20.1-20.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.20.
Preference is also given to the compositions 21.1-21.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.21.
Preference is also given to the compositions 22.1-22.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.22.
Preference is also given to the compositions 23.1-23.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.23.
Preference is also given to the compositions 24.1-24.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.24.
Preference is also given to the compositions 25.1-25.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.25.
Preference is also given to the compositions 26.1-26.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.26.
Preference is also given to the compositions 27.1-27.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.27.
Preference is also given to the compositions 28.1-28.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.28.
Preference is also given to the compositions 29.1-29.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole 1.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.29.
Preference is also given to the compositions 30.1-30.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.30.
Preference is also given to the compositions 31.1-31.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.31.
Preference is also given to the compositions 32.1-32.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.32.
Preference is also given to the compositions 33.1-33.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replacedby the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.33.
Preference is also given to the compositions 34.1-34.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.34.
Preference is also given to the compositions 35.1-35.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.35.
Preference is also given to the compositions 36.1-36.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.36.
Preference is also given to the compositions 37.1-37.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.37.
Preference is also given to the compositions 38.1-38.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.38.
Preference is also given to the compositions 39.1-39.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.39.
Preference is also given to the compositions 40.1-40.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.40.
Preference is also given to the compositions 41.1-41.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.41.
Preference is also given to the compositions 42.1-42.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.42.
Preference is also given to the compositions 43.1-43.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.43.
Preference is also given to the compositions 44.1-44.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.44.
Preference is also given to the compositions 45.1-45.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole 1.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.45.
Preference is also given to the compositions 46.1-46.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.46.
Preference is also given to the compositions 47.1-47.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.47.
Preference is also given to the compositions 48.1-48.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.48.
Preference is also given to the compositions 49.1-49.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.49.
Preference is also given to the compositions 50.1-50.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.50.
Preference is also given to the compositions 51.1-51.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.51.
Preference is also given to the compositions 52.1-52.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.52.
Preference is also given to the compositions 53.1-53.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole 1.53.
Preference is also given to the compositions 54.1-54.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole 1.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.54.
Preference is also given to the compositions 55.1-55.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.55.
Preference is also given to the compositions 56.1-56.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.56.
Preference is also given to the compositions 57.1-57.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.57.
Preference is also given to the compositions 58.1-58.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.58.
Preference is also given to the compositions 59.1-59.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.59.
Preference is also given to the compositions 60.1-60.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.60.
Preference is also given to the compositions 61.1-61.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.61.
Preference is also given to the compositions 62.1-62.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole 1.62.
Preference is also given to the compositions 63.1-63.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.63.
Preference is also given to the compositions 64.1-64.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.64.
Preference is also given to the compositions 65.1-65.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.65.
Preference is also given to the compositions 66.1-66.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.66.
Preference is also given to the compositions 67.1-67.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.67.
Preference is also given to the compositions 68.1-68.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.68.
Preference is also given to the compositions 69.1-69.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.69.
Preference is also given to the compositions 70.1-70.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.70.
Preference is also given to the compositions 71.1-71.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.71.
Preference is also given to the compositions 72.1-72.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.72.
Reference is also given to the compositions 73.1-73.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.73.
Reference is also given to the compositions 74.1-74.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.74.
Reference is also given to the compositions 75.1-75.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in what the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.75.
Preference is also given to the compositions 76.1-76.370 which differ from the corresponding compositions 1.1-1.370 only in that the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 is replaced by the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.76.
The weight ratios of the individual components in the compositions 2.1 to 76.343 are within the limits stated above, in the case of binary mixtures of 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 and herbicide B) for example 1:1, 1:2 or 1:5, in the case of binary mixtures of 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1 and safener C for example 1:1, 1:2 or 1:5 and in the case of ternary mixtures of 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I.1, herbicide B and safener C for example 1:1:1, 2:1:1, 1:2:1, 1:5:1 or 1:5:2.
In the ready-to-use preparations, i.e. in the compositions according to the invention in the form of crop protection products, the components A and B and/or C, in suspended, emulsified or dissolved form, can be present formulated jointly or separately. The use forms depend entirely on the intended use.
The compositions according to the invention can be applied, for example, in the form of directly sprayable aqueous solutions, powders, suspensions, also highly-concentrated aqueous, oily or other suspensions or dispersions, emulsions, oil dispersions, pastes, dusts, materials for spreading or granules, by means of spraying, atomizing, dusting, broadcasting or watering. The use forms depend on the intended use; in any case, they should ensure the finest possible distribution of the active compounds.
Depending on the form in which the ready-to-use preparations are present in the compositions according to the invention, they comprise one or more liquid or solid carriers, if appropriate surfactants and if appropriate further auxiliaries which are customary for formulating crop protection products. The person skilled in the art is sufficiently familiar with the recipes for such formulations.
The ready-to-use preparations comprise the components A and B and/or C and auxiliaries which are customary for formulating crop protection products, which auxiliaries may also comprise a liquid carrier.
Suitable inert auxiliaries with carrier function are essentially:
mineral oil fractions of medium to high boiling point, such as kerosine and diesel oil, furthermore coal tar oils and oils of vegetable or animal origin, aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. paraffins, tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalenes and their derivatives, alkylated benzenes and their derivatives, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and cyclohexanol, ketones such as cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents, e.g. amines such as N-methylpyrrolidone, and water.
Aqueous use forms can be prepared from emulsion concentrates, suspensions, pastes, wettable powders or water-dispersible granules by adding water. To prepare emulsions, pastes or oil dispersions, the active compounds A) to C), as such or dissolved in an oil or solvent, can be homogenized in water by means of wetting agent, tackifier, dispersant or emulsifier. Alternatively, it is also possible to prepare concentrates consisting of active substance, wetting agent, tackifier, dispersant or emulsifier and, if desired, solvent or oil, and these concentrates are suitable for dilution with water.
Suitable surfactants are the alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts and ammonium salts of aromatic sulfonic acids, e.g. ligno-, phenol-, naphthalene- and dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, and of fatty acids, of alkyl- and alkylarylsulfonates, of alkyl sulfates, lauryl ether sulfates and fatty alcohol sulfates, and salts of sulfated hexa-, hepta- and octadecanols and of fatty alcohol glycol ethers, condensates of sulfonated naphthalene and its derivatives with formaldehyde, condensates of naphthalene or of the naphthalenesulfonic acids with phenol and formaldehyde, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, ethoxylated isooctyl-, octyl- or nonylphenol, alkylphenyl polyglycol ether, tributylphenyl polyglycol ether, alkylaryl polyether alcohols, isotridecyl alcohol, fatty alcohol/ethylene oxide condensates, ethoxylated castor oil, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether or polyoxypropylene alkyl ether, lauryl alcohol polyglycol ether acetate, sorbitol esters, lignosulfite waste liquors or methylcellulose.
Powders, materials for spreading and dusts can be prepared by mixing or concomitantly grinding the active substances with a solid carrier.
Granules, e.g. coated granules, impregnated granules and homogeneous granules, can be prepared by binding the active compounds to solid carriers. Solid carriers are mineral earths such as silicas, silica gels, silicates, talc, kaolin, limestone, lime, chalk, bole, loess, clay, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, ground synthetic materials, fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ureas, and products of vegetable origin such as cereal meal, tree bark meal, wood meal and nutshell meal, cellulose powders, or other solid carriers.
The concentrations of the active compounds in the ready-to-use preparations can be varied within wide ranges. In general, the formulations comprise approximately from 0.001 to 98% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 95% by weight, of active compounds. The active compounds are employed in a purity of from 90% to 100%, preferably 95% to 100% (according to NMR spectrum).
The compositions according to the invention can, for example, be formulated as follows:
The components A and B and/or C can be formulated jointly or separately.
The components A and B and/or C can be applied jointly or separately, simultaneously or successively, before, during or after emergence of the plants.
If the active compounds A and B and/or C are less well tolerated by certain crop plants, it is possible to use application methods in which the herbicidal compositions are sprayed with the aid of sprayers in such a way that the leaves of the sensitive crop plants are as far as possible unaffected, whereas the active compounds reach the leaves of the undesirable plants growing underneath or the uncovered soil surface (post-directed, lay-by).
The required application rate of the pure active compound composition, i.e. of A and B and/or C without formulation auxiliary, depends on the composition of the plant stem, on the development stage of the plants, on the climatic conditions of the location where the composition is used and on the application method. In general, the application rate of A and B and/or C is from 0.001 to 3 kg/ha, preferably from 0.005 to 2 kg/ha and in particular from 0.01 to 1 kg/ha of active substance (a.s.).
The required application rates of 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazoles are generally in the range from 0.1 g/ha to 1 kg/ha and preferably in the range from 1 g/ha to 500 g/ha or from 5 g/ha to 500 g/ha of a.s.
The compositions are applied to the plants mainly by foliar spraying. Application can be carried out by customary spraying techniques using, for example, water as carrier and spray liquor rates of from about 100 to 1000 l/ha (for example from 300 to 400l/ha). Application of the herbicidal compositions by the low-volume and the ultra-low-volume method is possible, as is their application in the form of micro granules.
The compositions according to the present invention are suitable for controlling common harmful plants in useful plants, in particular in crops such as wheat, barley, oats, corn, soybean, sorghum, rice, oilseed rape, cotton, potatoes, dry beans, groundnuts or in perennial crops. In another embodiment of the invention, they are useful for controlling the whole vegetation, i.e. they act as a total weedkiller. Futhermore, in another emodiment of the present invention, the compositions are useful for controlling undesirable vegetation in forestry.
Moreover, the compositions according to the present invention are also suitable for the desiccation and/or defoliation of plants.
As desiccants, they are suitable, in particular, for desiccating the above-ground parts of crop plants such as potatoes, oilseed rape, sunflowers and soya beans. This allows completely mechanical harvesting of these important crop plants.
Also of economic interest is
Moreover, it may be useful to apply the compositions according to the invention jointly as a mixture with other crop protection products, for example with pesticides or agents for controlling phytopathogenic fungi or bacteria. Also of interest is the miscibility with mineral salt solutions which are employed for treating nutritional and trace element deficiencies. Non-phytotoxic oils and oil concentrates may also be added.
The compositions according to the invention can also be used in crop plants which are resistant to one or more herbicides owing to genetic engineering or breeding or which are resistant to attack by insects owing to genetic engineering or breeding. Suitable are for example crop plants which are resistant to herbicidal EPSP synthase inhibitors, such as, for example, glyphosate, to herbicidal glutamine synthase inhibitors, such as, for example, glufosinate, to herbicidal protoporphyrinogen-IX oxidase inhibitors, such as, for example, butafenacil, or to herbicidal ALS inhibitors, such as, for example, imazamethabenz, imazamox, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr, or crop plants which, owing to introduction of the gene for Bt toxin by genetic modification, are resistant to attack by certain insects.
Surprisingly, the compositions according to the invention which comprise at least one 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole of the formula I and at least one herbicide B have better herbicidal activity against harmful plants than would have been expected by the herbicidal activity of the individual compounds. In other words, the joint application of 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I and herbicide B results in an enhanced activity against harmful plants in the sense of a synergy effect (synergism). For this reason, the mixtures can, based on the individual components, be used at lower application rates to achieve a herbicidal effect comparable to the individual components.
Surprisingly, the compositions according to the invention which, in addition to the 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I and, if appropriate, the herbicide B, comprise an active compound from group C are better tolerated by useful plants than the respective 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I or the respective mixture of 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole+herbicide B without active compound of group C.
The effect of the herbicidal mixtures according to the invention of components A and B and, if appropriate, C on the growth of undesirable plants compared to the herbicidally active compounds alone was demonstrated by the following greenhouse experiments (Examples 1 to 33):
For the post-emergence treatment, the test plants were first grown to a height of 3 to 20 cm, depending on the plant habit, and only then treated. Here, the herbicidal compositions were suspended or emulsified in water as distribution medium and sprayed using finely distributing nozzles.
For the pre-emergence treatment, the test plants were sown is pots 1-2 days later, i.e. prior to germination, the pots were sprayed with the finely distributed herbicidal compositions, which had been suspended in water.
The respective components A and B and/or C were formulated as 10% by weight strength emulsion concentrate and introduced to the spray liquor with the amount of solvent system used for applying the active compound. In the examples, the solvent used was water.
The test period extended over 21 days. During this time, the plants were tended, and their response to the treatments with active compound was evaluated.
The evaluation for the damage caused by the chemical compositions was carried out using a scale from 0 to 100%, compared to the untreated control plants. Here, 0 means no damage and 100 means complete destruction of the plants.
In the examples below, the value E which is to be expected if the activity of the individual active compounds is just additive was calculated using the method of S. R. Colby (1967) “Calculating synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations”, Weeds 15, p. 22 ff.
E=X+Y—(X·Y/100)
where
If the value calculated in this manner is higher than the value E calculated according to Colby, a synergistic effect is present.
The plants used in the greenhouse experiments were of the following species:
The results of these tests are given in the tables of Examples 1 to 32 below and demonstrate the synergistic effect of mixtures comprising at least one 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I and at least one herbicide B. Example 33 demonstrates the effect of a mixture which comprises at least one 7-pyrazolylbenzoxazole I and at least one safener C.
As in the example above, test plants were grown, treated with the mixture according to the invention by the Pre-emergence method and, after a test period of 21 days, evaluated using a scale from 0 to 100% damage. The test plants used were crop plants.
A safener action is present if the damage to the crop plant caused by using a mixture according to the invention which comprises a safener C) is less than the damage caused when active compound A or active compounds A and B are used without safener.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/EP02/14485 | 12/18/2002 | WO |
Number | Date | Country | |
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60340954 | Dec 2001 | US |