Patent Grant
12137689
The present invention relates to herbicidal mixture comprising L-glufosinate and a herbicidal compound II selected from clethodim, cycloxydim, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fluazifop, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-P, haloxyfop-P-methyl, propaquizafop, quizalofop, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-tefuryl, quizalofop-P, quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl, sethoxydim, chlorimuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, nicosulfuron, oxasulfuron, thifensulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, tritosulfuron, imazamox, imazamox ammonium, imazapic, imazapic ammonium, imazapyr, imazapyr isopropylammonium, imazaquin, imazethapyr, imazethapyr ammonium, cloransulam, cloransulam-methyl, diclosulam, flumetsulam, atrazine, metribuzin, linuron, monolinuron, bentazone, bentazone-sodium, acifluorfen, acifluorfen-sodium, carfentrazone, carfentrazone-ethyl, flumiclorac, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin, fluthiacet, fluthiacet-methyl, fomesafen, lactofen, oxyfluorfen, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, tiafenacil, trifludimoxazin, norflurazon, picolinafen, bicyclopyrone, clomazone, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, pyrasulfotole, tembotrione, topramezone, fenquinotrione, glyphosate, glyphosate dimethylammmonium, glyphosate-isopropylammonium, glyphosate-potassium, glyphosate-trimesium (sulfosate), pendimethalin, trifluralin, acetochlor, alachlor, butachlor, dimethenamid, dimethenamid-P, metazachlor, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, pethoxamid, pyroxasulfone, 2,4-D and its salts and esters, clopyralid and its salts and esters, dicamba and its salts and esters, quinclorac, quinclorac dimethylammonium, quinmerac, diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr-sodium, tepraloxydim, cinmethylin, II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6, S-3100), II-90: 2-[2-chloro-5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-2-methoxy-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 1970221-16-9), II-91: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158276-22-1), II-92: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-56-5), II-93: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158274-53-2), II-94: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-50-9), II-95: ethyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate (CAS 2230679-62-4), II-96: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158275-73-9), II-97: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158274-96-3); II-98: methyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate.
The invention also relates to methods and uses for controlling undesirable vegetation in glufosinate-tolerant soybeans.
Tolerant or resistant soybean varieties (e.g. transgenic soybean varieties) provide the option to use herbicides, which are originally not selective, in respective tolerant or resistant soybeans in addition to conventional weed control system. One example is glufosinate which can not only be used for pre-plant burn-down both in conventional soybeans and soybeans that are tolerant against herbicides including glufosinate; but which can also achieve effective weed control by post-emergence application in glufosinate tolerant soybeans. Glufosinate is a broad-spectrum herbicide that controls most grass and broadleaf herbicide species; however, there are a few tough to control species or resistant biotypes that it does not fully control. Another challenge is the duration of action, or the degradation rate of the herbicide. Furthermore, changes in the sensitivity of harmful plants, which may occur upon prolonged use of the herbicides or within a geographical limited area, must also be taken into consideration. The resulting loss of action against individual plants can sometimes compensated for to a certain extent by higher application rates of the herbicides. However, there is always a demand for methods to achieve the herbicidal effect with lower application rates of active compounds to reduce not only the amount of an active compound required for application, but also the amount of formulation auxiliaries. Thus, low application rates are for economic and environmental reasons an object eco-friendliness of the herbicide treatment.
One possibility for improving the use profile of a herbicide is the combination of the herbicide in question with one or more other active compounds which have the desired additional properties. However, the combined use of a plurality of active compounds may lead to phenomena of a chemical, physical and biological incompatibility (e.g. instability of a coformulation, decomposition of an active compound or antagonism in the biological action of the active compounds). Thus, finding effective glufosinate combinations with an additional herbicide faces the challenge that in many instances the effectiveness of such combinations is not satisfactory and high application rates are still required to achieve an acceptable weed control.
Thus, it is an object of the present invention to find combinations of active compounds with a favorable profile of action, high stability and, ideally, synergistically enhanced activity for application in glufosinate tolerant soybean, which allows the application rate to be reduced in comparison with solutions provided by prior art mixtures. Moreover, the persistence of the herbicidal activity of the mixture should be sufficiently long in order to achieve control of the weeds over a sufficient long time period thus allowing a more flexible application. The mixtures should also show an accelerated action on harmful plants and not affect the growth of the soybean plant.
Glufosinate is a racemate of two enantiomers, out of which only one shows sufficient herbicidal activity (see e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 4,265,654 and JP92448/83). Even though various methods to prepare L-glufosinate (and respective salts) are known, the mixtures known in the art do not point at the stereochemistry, meaning that the racemate is present.
Surprisingly, it has been found that mixtures of L-glufosinate or its salt and the herbicidal compound II show enhanced herbicide action against undesirable vegetation in pre-plant burn-down prior to planting of conventional soybeans and soybeans that are tolerant against herbicides including glufosinate and in post-emergence use in glufosinate tolerant soybeans and/or show superior compatibility with soybeans, i.e. their use leads to a reduced damage of the soybean plants and/or does not result in increased damage of the soybean plants, if compared to mixtures of racemic glufosinate and the herbicidal compound II, or if compared to L-glufosinate or its salts alone.
Thus, the present invention relates to herbicidal mixtures of
Glufosinate [common name of DL-4-[hydroxyl(methyl)phosphinoyl]-DL-homoalaninate] and its salts such as glufosinate ammonium and its herbicidal activity have been described e.g. by F. Schwerdtle et al. Z. Pflanzenkr. Pflanzenschutz, 1981, Sonderheft IX, pp. 431-440. Racemic glufosinate and its salts are commercially available, e.g. from Bayer CropScience under the tradenames Basta™ and Liberty™.
L-Glufosinate, also called glufosinate-P, is (2S)-2-amino-4-[hydroxy(methyl)phosphinoyl]butyric acid (CAS Reg. No. 35597-44-5). Relevant salts of L-glufosinate are L-glufosinate-ammonium (also called glufosinate-P-ammonium), which is ammonium (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinato) butyric acid (CAS Reg. No. 73777-50-1); L-glufosinate-sodium (also called glufosinate-P-sodium), which is sodium (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinato)butyric acid (CAS Reg. No. 70033-13-5) and L-glufosinate-potassium (also called glufosinate-P-potassium), which is potassium (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinato)butyric acid.
L-Glufosinate as used in the present invention comprises more than 70% by weight of the L-enantiomer; preferably more than 80% by weight of the L-enantiomer; more preferably more than 90% of the L-enantiomer, most preferably more than 95% of the L-enantiomer and can be prepared as referred to above.
In a preferred embodiment, the abovementioned invention relates to herbicidal mixtures as described above, wherein L-glufosinate comprises more than 70% by weight of the L-enantiomer.
L-glufosinate can be prepared according to methods known in the art, e.g. as described in WO2006/104120, U.S. Pat. No. 5,530,142, EP0127429 and J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1, 1992, 1525-1529.
Compounds II as well as their pesticidal action and methods for producing them are generally known, for example in the Pesticide Manual V5.2 (ISBN 978 1 901396 85 0) (2008-2011) amongst other sources. Compound II-89 is known from EP 1122244. Compound II-90 is known from WO2016/120116. Compounds II-91, II-92, II-93, II-94, II-96, II-97 are known from WO2017/202768. Compounds II-95 and II-98 is known from WO2018/108695.
In the inventive mixtures the weight ratio of compound I to compound II is preferably from 1000:1 to 1:500, 400:1 to 1:40, more preferably 500:1 to 1:250, in particular from 200:1 to 1:20, even more preferably from 100:1 to 1:10, most preferably 50:1 to 1:5.
Furthermore, mixtures are preferred, which contain L-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate salts or L-glufosinate as free acid. Especially preferred are mixtures, which contain L-glufosinate-ammonium as L-glufosinate salt.
In one embodiment, the present invention relates to herbicidal mixtures of
Preferred compounds II are clethodim, cycloxydim, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fluazifop, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-P, haloxyfop-P-methyl, propaquizafop, quizalofop, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-tefuryl, quizalofop-P, quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl, sethoxydim, chlorimuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, thifensulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, imazamox, imazamox ammonium, imazapyr, imazapyr isopropylammonium, imazaquin, imazethapyr, imazethapyr ammonium, cloransulam, cloransulam-methyl, diclosulam, flumetsulam, atrazine, metribuzin, bentazone, bentazone-sodium, acifluorfen, acifluorfen-sodium, carfentrazone, carfentrazone-ethyl, flumioxazin, fluthiacet, fluthiacet-methyl, fomesafen, lactofen, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, tiafenacil, trifludimoxazin, clomazone, topramezone, fenquinotrione, glyphosate, glyphosate dimethylammmonium, glyphosate-isopropylammonium, glyphosate-potassium, glyphosate-trimesium (sulfosate), pendimethalin, trifluralin; acetochlor, alachlor, dimethenamid, dimethenamid-P, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, pethoxamid, pyroxasulfone, 2,4-D and its salts and esters, dicamba and its salts and esters, diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr-sodium, tepraloxydim, clopyralid and its salts and esters, nicosulfuron, oxasulfuron, butachlor norflurazon, bicyclopyrone, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, pyrasulfotole, tembotrione, linuron, monolinuron, flumiclorac, flumiclorac-pentyl, oxyfluorfen, II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6, S-3100), II-90: 2-[2-chloro-5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-2-methoxy-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 1970221-16-9), II-91: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158276-22-1), II-92: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-56-5), II-93: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)acetamide (CAS 2158274-53-2), II-94: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-50-9), II-95: ethyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate (CAS 2230679-62-4), II-96: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158275-73-9), II-97: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158274-96-3) and II-98: methyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate.
Thus, preferred mixtures of the present invention are mixtures of L-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate salts or L-glufosinate as free acid and a herbicidal compound II selected from the group consisting of clethodim, cycloxydim, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fluazifop, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-P, haloxyfop-P-methyl, propaquizafop, quizalofop, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-tefuryl, quizalofop-P, quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl, sethoxydim, chlorimuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, thifensulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, imazamox, imazamox ammonium, imazapyr, imazapyr isopropylammonium, imazaquin, imazethapyr, imazethapyr ammonium, cloransulam, cloransulam-methyl, diclosulam, flumetsulam, atrazine, metribuzin, bentazone, bentazone-sodium, acifluorfen, acifluorfen-sodium, carfentrazone, carfentrazone-ethyl, flumioxazin, fluthiacet, fluthiacet-methyl, fomesafen, lactofen, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, tiafenacil, trifludimoxazin, clomazone, topramezone, fenquinotrione, glyphosate, glyphosate dimethylammmonium, glyphosate-isopropylammonium, glyphosate-potassium, glyphosate-trimesium (sulfosate), pendimethalin, trifluralin; acetochlor, alachlor, dimethenamid, dimethenamid-P, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, pethoxamid, pyroxasulfone, 2,4-D and its salts and esters, dicamba and its salts and esters, diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr-sodium, tepraloxydim, clopyralid and its salts and esters, nicosulfuron, oxasulfuron, butachlor norflurazon, bicyclopyrone, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, pyrasulfotole, tembotrione, linuron, monolinuron, flumiclorac, flumiclorac-pentyl, oxyfluorfen II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6, S-3100), II-90: 2-[2-chloro-5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-2-methoxy-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 1970221-16-9), II-91: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158276-22-1), II-92: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-56-5), II-93: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)acetamide (CAS 2158274-53-2), II-94: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1 (2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-50-9), II-95: ethyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate (CAS 2230679-62-4), II-96: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158275-73-9), II-97: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158274-96-3) and II-98: methyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate.
More preferred compounds II are pethoxamid, pyroxasulfone, flumioxazin, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, tiafenacil, trifludimoxazin, II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6, S-3100), II-90: 2-[2-chloro-5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-2-methoxy-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 1970221-16-9), II-91: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158276-22-1), II-92: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-56-5), II-93: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)acetamide (CAS 2158274-53-2), II-94: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-50-9), II-95: ethyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate (CAS 2230679-62-4), II-96: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158275-73-9), II-97: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158274-96-3) and II-98: methyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate.
In one embodiment, the compounds II are pethoxamid and pyroxasulfone.
In another embodiment, the compounds II are flumioxazin, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, tiafenacil, and trifludimoxazin. In another embodiment, the compound II is II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6, S-3100). In another embodiment, the compounds II are II-90: 2-[2-chloro-5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-2-methoxy-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 1970221-16-9), II-91: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)acetamide (CAS 2158276-22-1), II-92: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-56-5), II-93: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)acetamide (CAS 2158274-53-2), II-94: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-50-9), II-95: ethyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate (CAS 2230679-62-4), II-96: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158275-73-9), II-97: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158274-96-3) and II-98: methyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate.
In one embodiment, the compound II is quinclorac or quinclorac dimethylammonium. Thus, preferred methods and uses of the invention are those methods and uses, in which mixtures are applied, which are mixtures of L-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate salts or L-glufosinate as free acid and a herbicidal compound II which is quinclorac or quinclorac dimethylammonium.
All preferred mixtures are listed in table 2, wherein the following abbreviations are used in table 1:
More preferred mixtures of the present invention are mixtures of L-glufosinate-ammonium or L-glufosinate-sodium as L-glufosinate salts or L-glufosinate as free acid and a herbicidal compound II selected from the group consisting of clethodim, cycloxydim, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fluazifop, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-P, haloxyfop-P-methyl, propaquizafop, quizalofop, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-tefuryl, quizalofop-P, quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl, sethoxydim, chlorimuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, thifensulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, imazamox, imazamox ammonium, imazapyr, imazapyr isopropylammonium, imazaquin, imazethapyr, imazethapyr ammonium, cloransulam, cloransulam-methyl, diclosulam, flumetsulam, atrazine, metribuzin, bentazone, bentazone-sodium, acifluorfen, acifluorfen-sodium, carfentrazone, carfentrazone-ethyl, flumioxazin, fluthiacet, fluthiacet-methyl, fomesafen, lactofen, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, tiafenacil, trifludimoxazin, clomazone, topramezone, fenquinotrione, glyphosate, glyphosate dimethylammmonium, glyphosate-isopropylammonium, glyphosate-potassium, glyphosate-trimesium (sulfosate), pendimethalin, trifluralin; acetochlor, alachlor, dimethenamid, dimethenamid-P, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, pethoxamid, pyroxasulfone, 2,4-D and its salts and esters, dicamba and its salts and esters, diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr-sodium, tepraloxydim, clopyralid and its salts and esters, nicosulfuron, oxasulfuron, butachlor norflurazon, bicyclopyrone, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, pyrasulfotole, tembotrione, linuron, monolinuron, flumiclorac, flumiclorac-pentyl, oxyfluorfen, II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6, S-3100), II-90: 2-[2-chloro-5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-2-methoxy-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 1970221-16-9), II-91: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158276-22-1), II-92: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-56-5), II-93: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)acetamide (CAS 2158274-53-2), II-94: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-50-9), II-95: ethyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate (CAS 2230679-62-4), II-96: 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158275-73-9), II-97: 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158274-96-3) and II-98: methyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate.
Thus, more preferred are mixtures M-1, M-2, M-3, M-4, M-5, M-6, M-7, M-8, M-9, M-10, M-11, M-12, M-13, M-14, M-15, M-16, M-17, M-18, M-19, M-20, M-21, M-22, M-23, M-24, M-25, M-26, M-27, M-28, M-29, M-30, M-31, M-32, M-33, M-34, M-35, M-36, M-37, M-38, M-39, M-40, M-41, M-42, M-43, M-44, M-45, M-46, M-47, M-48, M-49, M-50, M-51, M-52, M-53, M-54, M-55, M-56, M-57, M-58, M-59, M-60, M-61, M-62, M-63, M-64, M-65, M-66, M-67, M-82, M-83, M-84, M-85, M-86, M-87, M-88, M-89, M-90, M-91, M-92, M-93, M-94, M-95, M-96, M-97, M-98, M-99, M-100, M-101, M-102, M-103, M-104, M-105, M-106, M-107, M-108, M-109, M-110, M-111, M-112, M-113, M-114, M-115, M-116, M-117, M-118, M-119, M-120, M-121, M-122, M-123, M-124, M-125, M-126, M-127, M-128, M-129, M-130, M-131, M-132, M-133, M-134, M-135, M-136, M-137, M-138, M-139, M-140, M-141, M-142, M-143, M-144, M-145, M-146, M-147, M-148, M-163, M-164, M-165, M-166, M-167, M-168, M-169, M-170, M-171, M-172, M-173, M-174, M-175, M-176, M-177, M-178, M-179, M-180, M-181, M-182, M-183, M-184, M-185, M-186, M-187, M-188, M-189, M-190, M-191, M-192, M-193, M-194, M-195, M-196, M-197, M-198, M-199, M-200, M-201, M-202, M-203, M-204, M-205, M-206, M-207, M-208, M-209, M-210, M-211, M-212, M-213, M-214, M-215, M-216, M-217, M-218, M-219, M-220, M-221, M-222, M-223, M-224, M-225, M-226, M-227, M-228, M-229, M-244, M-245, M-246, M-247, M-248, M-249, M-250, M-251, M-252, M-253, M-254, M-255, M-256, M-257, M-258, M-259, M-260, M-261, M-262, M-263, M-264, M-265, M-266, M-267, M-268, M-269, M-270, M-271, M-272, M-273, M-274, M-275, M-276, M-277, M-278, M-279, M-280, M-281, M-282, M-283, M-284, M-285, M-286, M-287, M-288, M-289, M-290, M-291, M-292, M-293, M-294, M-295, M-296, M-297, M-298, M-299, M-300, M-301, M-302, M-303, M-304, M-305, M-306, M-307, M-308, M-309, M-310, M-311, M-312, M-313, M-314, M-315.
Most preferred are mixtures M-41, M-46, M-47, M-63, M-122, M-127, M-128, M-144, M-203, M-208, M-209, M-225, M-244, M-249, M-254, M-260, M-261, M-262, M-263, M-264, M-265, M-266, M-267, M-268, M-269, M-270, M-271, M-279, M-280, M-281, M-282, M-283, M-284, M-285, M-286, M-287, M-288, M-289, M-290, M-298, M-299, M-300, M-301, M-302, M-303, M-304, M-305, M-306, M-307, M-308, M-309.
All above-referred mixtures are herein below referred to as “inventive mixtures”.
The inventive mixtures can further contain one or more insecticides, fungicides, herbicides.
The inventive mixtures can be converted into customary types of agrochemical mixtures, e. g. solutions, emulsions, suspensions, dusts, powders, pastes, granules, pressings, capsules, and mixtures thereof. Examples for mixture types are suspensions (e.g. SC, OD, FS), emulsifiable concentrates (e.g. EC), emulsions (e.g. EW, EO, ES, ME), capsules (e.g. CS, ZC), pastes, pastilles, wetable powders or dusts (e.g. WP, SP, WS, DP, DS), pressings (e.g. BR, TB, DT), granules (e.g. WG, SG, GR, FG, GG, MG), insecticidal articles (e.g. LN), as well as gel formulations for the treatment of plant propagation materials such as seeds (e.g. GF). These and further mixtures types are defined in the “Catalogue of pesticide formulation types and international coding system”, Technical Monograph No. 2, 6th Ed. May 2008, CropLife International.
The mixtures are prepared in a known manner, such as described by Mollet and Grubemann, Formulation technology, Wiley VCH, Weinheim, 2001; or Knowles, New developments in crop protection product formulation, Agrow Reports DS243, T&F Informa, London, 2005. Suitable auxiliaries are solvents, liquid carriers, solid carriers or fillers, surfactants, dispersants, emulsifiers, wetters, adjuvants, solubilizers, penetration enhancers, protective colloids, adhesion agents, thickeners, humectants, repellents, attractants, feeding stimulants, compatibilizers, bactericides, anti-freezing agents, anti-foaming agents, colorants, tackifiers and binders. Suitable solvents and liquid carriers are water and organic solvents, such as mineral oil fractions of medium to high boiling point, e.g. kerosene, diesel oil; oils of vegetable or animal origin; aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, e. g. toluene, paraffin, tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalenes; alcohols, e.g. ethanol, propanol, butanol, benzylalcohol, cyclohexanol; glycols; DMSO; ketones, e.g. cyclohexanone; esters, e.g. lactates, carbonates, fatty acid esters, gamma-butyrolactone; fatty acids; phosphonates; amines; amides, e.g. N-methylpyrrolidone, fatty acid dimethylamides; and mixtures thereof.
Suitable solid carriers or fillers are mineral earths, e.g. silicates, silica gels, talc, kaolins, limestone, lime, chalk, clays, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide; polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch; fertilizers, e.g. ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ureas; products of vegetable origin, e.g. cereal meal, tree bark meal, wood meal, nutshell meal, and mixtures thereof.
Suitable surfactants are surface-active compounds, such as anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, block polymers, polyelectrolytes, and mixtures thereof. Such surfactants can be used as emulsifier, dispersant, solubilizer, wetter, penetration enhancer, protective colloid, or adjuvant. Examples of surfactants are listed in McCutcheon's, Vol. 1: Emulsifiers & Detergents, McCutcheon's Directories, Glen Rock, USA, 2008 (International Ed. or North American Ed.).
Suitable anionic surfactants are alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium salts of sulfonates, sulfates, phosphates, carboxylates, and mixtures thereof. Examples of sulfonates are alkylarylsulfonates, diphenylsulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, lignine sulfonates, sulfonates of fatty acids and oils, sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols, sulfonates of alkoxylated arylphenols, sulfonates of condensed naphthalenes, sulfonates of dodecyl- and tridecylbenzenes, sulfonates of naphthalenes and alkylnaphthalenes, sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinamates. Examples of sulfates are sulfates of fatty acids and oils, of ethoxylated alkylphenols, of alcohols, of ethoxylated alcohols, or of fatty acid esters. Examples of phosphates are phosphate esters. Examples of carboxylates are alkyl carboxylates, and carboxylated alcohol or alkylphenol ethoxylates.
Suitable nonionic surfactants are alkoxylates, N-substituted fatty acid amides, amine oxides, esters, sugar-based surfactants, polymeric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Examples of alkoxylates are compounds such as alcohols, alkylphenols, amines, amides, arylphenols, fatty acids or fatty acid esters which have been alkoxylated with 1 to 50 equivalents. Ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide may be employed for the alkoxylation, preferably ethylene oxide. Examples of N-substituted fatty acid amides are fatty acid glucamides or fatty acid alkanolamides. Examples of esters are fatty acid esters, glycerol esters or monoglycerides. Examples of sugar-based surfactants are sorbitans, ethoxylated sorbitans, sucrose and glucose esters or alkylpolyglucosides. Examples of polymeric surfactants are home- or copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinylalcohols, or vinylacetate.
Suitable cationic surfactants are quaternary surfactants, for example quaternary ammonium compounds with one or two hydrophobic groups, or salts of long-chain primary amines. Suitable amphoteric surfactants are alkylbetains and imidazolines. Suitable block polymers are block polymers of the A-B or A-B-A type comprising blocks of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, or of the A-B-C type comprising alkanol, polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide. Suitable polyelectrolytes are polyacids or polybases. Examples of polyacids are alkali salts of polyacrylic acid or polyacid comb polymers. Examples of polybases are polyvinylamines or polyethyleneamines.
Suitable adjuvants are compounds, which have a neglectable or even no pesticidal activity themselves, and which improve the biological performance of the inventive mixtures on the target. Examples are surfactants, mineral or vegetable oils, and other auxiliaries. Further examples are listed by Knowles, Adjuvants and additives, Agrow Reports DS256, T&F Informa UK, 2006, chapter 5.
Suitable thickeners are polysaccharides (e.g. xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose), anorganic clays (organically modified or unmodified), polycarboxylates, and silicates.
Suitable bactericides are bronopol and isothiazolinone derivatives such as alkylisothiazolinones and benzisothiazolinones.
Suitable anti-freezing agents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea and glycerin. Suitable anti-foaming agents are silicones, long chain alcohols, and salts of fatty acids. Suitable colorants (e.g. in red, blue, or green) are pigments of low water solubility and water-soluble dyes. Examples are inorganic colorants (e.g. iron oxide, titan oxide, iron hexacyanoferrate) and organic colorants (e.g. alizarin-, azo- and phthalocyanine colorants).
Suitable tackifiers or binders are polyvinylpyrrolidons, polyvinylacetates, polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylates, biological or synthetic waxes, and cellulose ethers.
Examples for mixture types and their preparation are:
10-60 wt % of an inventive mixture and 5-15 wt % wetting agent (e.g. alcohol alkoxylates) are dissolved in water and/or in a water-soluble solvent (e.g. alcohols) ad 100 wt %. The active substance dissolves upon dilution with water.
5-25 wt % of an inventive mixture and 1-10 wt % dispersant (e. g. polyvinylpyrrolidone) are dissolved in organic solvent (e.g. cyclohexanone) ad 100 wt %. Dilution with water gives a dispersion.
15-70 wt % of an inventive mixture and 5-10 wt % emulsifiers (e.g. calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate) are dissolved in water-insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon) ad 100 wt %. Dilution with water gives an emulsion.
5-40 wt % of an inventive mixture and 1-10 wt % emulsifiers (e.g. calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate) are dissolved in 20-40 wt % water-insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon). This mixture is introduced into water ad 100 wt % by means of an emulsifying machine and made into a homogeneous emulsion. Dilution with water gives an emulsion.
In an agitated ball mill, 20-60 wt % of an inventive mixture are comminuted with addition of 2-10 wt % dispersants and wetting agents (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate and alcohol ethoxylate), 0.1-2 wt % thickener (e.g. xanthan gum) and water ad 100 wt % to give a fine active substance suspension. Dilution with water gives a stable suspension of the active substance. For FS type mixture up to 40 wt % binder (e.g. polyvinylalcohol) is added.
50-80 wt % of an inventive mixture are ground finely with addition of dispersants and wetting agents (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate and alcohol ethoxylate) ad 100 wt % and prepared as water-dispersible or water-soluble granules by means of technical appliances (e. g. extrusion, spray tower, fluidized bed). Dilution with water gives a stable dispersion or solution of the active substance.
50-80 wt % of an inventive mixture are ground in a rotor-stator mill with addition of 1-5 wt % dispersants (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate), 1-3 wt % wetting agents (e.g. alcohol ethoxylate) and solid carrier (e.g. silica gel) ad 100 wt %. Dilution with water gives a stable dispersion or solution of the active substance.
In an agitated ball mill, 5-25 wt % of an inventive mixture are comminuted with addition of 3-10 wt % dispersants (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate), 1-5 wt % thickener (e.g. carboxymethylcellulose) and water ad 100 wt % to give a fine suspension of the active substance. Dilution with water gives a stable suspension of the active substance.
5-20 wt % of an inventive mixture are added to 5-30 wt % organic solvent blend (e.g. fatty acid dimethylamide and cyclohexanone), 10-25 wt % surfactant blend (e.g. alcohol ethoxylate and arylphenol ethoxylate), and water ad 100%. This mixture is stirred for 1 h to produce spontaneously a thermodynamicallystable microemulsion.
An oil phase comprising 5-50 wt % of an inventive mixture, 0-40 wt % water insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon), 2-15 wt % acrylic monomers (e.g. methylmethacrylate, methacrylic acid and a di- or triacrylate) are dispersed into an aqueous solution of a protective colloid (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol). Radical polymerization initiated by a radical initiator results in the formation of poly(meth)acrylate microcapsules. Alternatively, an oil phase comprising 5-50 wt % of an inventive mixture according to the invention, 0-40 wt % water insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon), and an isocyanate monomer (e.g. diphenylmethene-4,4′-diisocyanatae) are dispersed into an aqueous solution of a protective colloid (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol). The addition of a polyamine (e.g. hexamethylenediamine) results in the formation of polyurea microcapsules. The monomers amount to 1-10 wt %. The wt % relate to the total CS mixture.
1-10 wt % of an inventive mixture are ground finely and mixed intimately with solid carrier (e.g. finely divided kaolin) ad 100 wt %.
0.5-30 wt % of an inventive mixture is ground finely and associated with solid carrier (e.g. silicate) ad 100 wt %. Granulation is achieved by extrusion, spray-drying or fluidized bed.
1-50 wt % of an inventive mixture are dissolved in organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon) ad 100 wt %.
The mixtures types i) to xii) may optionally comprise further auxiliaries, such as 0.1-1 wt % bactericides, 5-15 wt % anti-freezing agents, 0.1-1 wt % anti-foaming agents, and 0.1-1 wt % colorants.
The resulting agrochemical mixtures generally comprise between 0.01 and 95%, preferably between 0.1 and 90%, and in particular between 0.5 and 75%, by weight of active substance. The active substances are employed in a purity of from 90% to 100%, preferably from 95% to 100% (according to NMR spectrum).
Solutions for seed treatment (LS), Suspoemulsions (SE), flowable concentrates (FS), powders for dry treatment (DS), water-dispersible powders for slurry treatment (WS), water-soluble powders (SS), emulsions (ES), emulsifiable concentrates (EC) and gels (GF) are usually employed for the purposes of treatment of plant propagation materials, particularly seeds.
The mixtures in question give, after two-to-tenfold dilution, active substance concentrations of from 0.01 to 60% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 40%, in the ready-to-use preparations. Application can be carried out before or during sowing. Methods for applying the inventive mixtures and mixtures thereof, respectively, on to plant propagation material, especially seeds include dressing, coating, pelleting, dusting, soaking and in-furrow application methods of the propagation material. Preferably, the inventive mixtures or the mixtures thereof, respectively, are applied on to the plant propagation material by a method such that germination is not induced, e. g. by seed dressing, pelleting, coating and dusting.
Various types of oils, wetters, adjuvants, fertilizer, or micronutrients, and further pesticides (e.g. herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, growth regulators, safeners) may be added to the active substances or the inventive mixtures comprising them as premix or, if appropriate not until immediately prior to use (tank mix). These agents can be admixed with the inventive mixtures in a weight ratio of 1:100 to 100:1, preferably 1:10 to 10:1.
The user applies the mixture according to the invention usually from a predosage device, a knapsack sprayer, a spray tank, a spray plane, or an irrigation system. Usually, the agrochemical mixture is made up with water, buffer, and/or further auxiliaries to the desired application concentration and the ready-to-use spray liquor or the agrochemical mixture according to the invention is thus obtained. Usually, 20 to 2000 liters, preferably 50 to 400 liters, of the ready-to-use spray liquor are applied per hectare of agricultural useful area.
The inventive mixtures provide excellent pre-plant burn-down, pre- and post-emergence control of weeds in soybeans, including soybeans that are tolerant to herbicides including glufosinate. Thus, in the methods and uses of the invention, the compounds present in the inventive mixtures can be applied for pre-plant burn-down (to control emerged weeds prior to planting), pre-emergence (before the emergence of undesirable vegetation) or post-emergence (i.e., during and/or after emergence of the undesirable vegetation).
Thus, the invention relates to a method of an inventive mixture for controlling undesirable vegetation in soybeans, including soybeans that are tolerant to herbicides including glufosinate, which comprises applying the compounds present in the inventive mixtures to a locus of planted crops where undesirable vegetation occurs or might occur. The application is done before the emergence of undesirable vegetation or during and/or after emergence of the undesirable vegetation.
The application can be done after seeding of the soybeans or during and/or after emergence of the soybeans.
The term “locus”, as used herein, means the area in which the vegetation or plants are growing or will grow, typically a field.
As used herein, the terms “controlling” and “combating” are synonyms.
As used herein, the terms “undesirable vegetation”, “undesirable species”, “undesirable plants”, “harmful plants”, “undesirable weeds”, or “harmful weeds” are synonyms.
When using the inventive mixtures in the methods of the present invention, the active compounds present in the inventive mixtures can be applied simultaneously or in succession, where undesirable vegetation may occur. Herein, it is immaterial whether compounds present in the inventive mixtures are formulated jointly or separately and applied jointly or separately, and, in the case of separate application, in which order the application takes place. It is only necessary, that the compounds present in the inventive mixtures are applied in a time frame, which allows simultaneous action of the active ingredients on the undesirable plants.
In the above-mentioned methods of controlling weeds by application of the inventive mixtures, the inventive mixtures have an outstanding herbicidal activity against a broad spectrum of economically important monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous harmful plants. The inventive mixtures also act efficiently on perennial weeds which produce shoots from rhizomes, rootstocks or other perennial organs and which are difficult to control. In this context, it does not matter whether the compounds of the inventive mixtures are applied before sowing, pre-emergence or post-emergence. Pre-plant burn-down, post-emergence application, or early pre-sowing or pre-emergence application, are preferred.
Both L-glufosinate alone as well as, in the methods of the present invention, the inventive mixtures are suitable for controlling a large number of harmful plants in agricultural crops, including monocotyledonous weeds, in particular annual weeds such as gramineous weeds (grasses) including Echinochloa species such as barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crusgalli var. crus-galli), Echinchloa walteri (Pursh) Heller, jungle rice (Echinochloa colona), Echinochloa crus-pavonis, Echinochloa oryzicola, Digitaria species such as crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), Digitaria horizontalis, sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) or naked crabgrass (Digitaria nuda), Setaria species such as green foxtail (Setaria viridis), giant foxtail (Setaria faberii), yellow foxtail (Setaria glauca or Setaria pumila) or Setaria verticillata, Sorghum species such as johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense Pers.), Avena species such as wild oats (Avena fatua), Avena sterillis or Avena strigosa, Cenchrus species such as Cenchrus species such as field sandbur (Cenchrus pauciflorus) or Cenchrus echinatus, Bromus species such as Bromus japonicus Thunb, Bromus sterilis or Bromus tectorum, Lolium species, Phalaris species such as Phalaris brachystachys, Phalaris minor or Phalaris persicaria, Eriochloa species, Panicum species such as fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum), Panicum fasciculatum or Panicum maximum, Brachiaria species, annual bluegrass (Poa annua), Alopecurus species such as blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides), Alopecurus aequalis Sobol or Alopecurus japonicus Steud, Aegilops species such as Aegilops cylindrica or Aegylops tauschii, Apera spica-venti, Eleusine indica, Cynodon dactylon, couch grass (Agropyron repens or Elymus repens), Agrostis alba, Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fernald, Chloris species such as Chloris virgata, Commelina species such as Commelina benghalensis, Commelina communis, Commelina diffusa or Commelina erecta, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Hordeum jubatum, Hordeum leporinum, Imperata cylindrica, Ischaemum rogusum, Ixophorus unisetus, Leerisa hexandra, Leersia japonica, Leptochloa species such as Leptochloa chinensis, Leptochloa fascicularis, Leptochloa filiformis or Leptochloa panicoides, Lolium species such as Lolium multiflorum, Lolium perenne, Lolium persicum or rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum), Luziola subintegra, Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan, Oryza latifolia, Oryza rufipogon, Paspalum distichum, Paspalum species, Pennisetum americanum, Pennisetum purpureum, Phleum paniculatum, Phragmites australia, Ploypogon fugax. N., Poa species such as Poa annua or Poa trivialis L., Puccinellia distans, Rottboellia cochinchinensis, Sclerochloa kengiana (Ohwi) Tzvel., Trichloris crinita, Urochloa or Brachiaria species such as Brachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria plantaginea, Brachiaria platyphylla, Urochloa panicoides, Urochloa ramosa and the like.
Both L-glufosinate alone as well as the inventive mixtures are also suitable for controlling a large number of dicotyledonous weeds, in particular broad leaf weeds including Polygonum species such as wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvolus), Polygonum pensilvanicum, Polygonum persicaria or prostrate knotweed (Polygonum aviculare), Amaranthus species such as pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri), tall waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus or Amaranthus rudis), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), green amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus), purple amaranth (Amaranthus lividus), prickly amaranth (Amaranthus spinosus) or Amaranthus quitensis, Chenopodium species such as common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), Chenopodium serotinum or Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), Sida species such as prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.), Ambrosia species such as common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) or giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida), Acanthospermum species, Anthemis species such as Anthemis arvensis or Anthemis cotula, Atriplex species, Cirsium species such as Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus species such as field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), Conyza species such as horseweed (Conyza canadensis, Erigeron canadensis) or hairy fleabane (Conyza bonariensis, Erigeron bonariensis), Cassia species, Datura species such as jimsonweed (Datura stramonium), Euphorbia species such as toothed spurge (Euphorbia dentata), Euphorbia hirta, Euphorbia helioscopia or fireplant (Euphorbia heterophylla), Geranium species such as Geranium donianum or Geranium pusillum, Galinsoga species, morningglory (Ipomoea species), Lamium species such as henbit dead-nettle (Lamium amplexicaule), Malva species such as dwarf mallow (Malva neglecta) or cheeseweed (Malwa parviflora), Matricaria species such as chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) or Matricaria inodora, Sysimbrium species, Solanum species such as black nightshade (Solanum nigrum), Xanthium species, Veronica species such as Veronica polita, Viola species, common chickweed (Stellaria media), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), Sesbania species such as Sesbania exaltata, Sesbania herbacea or hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata Cory), Anoda cristata, Bidens species such as Bidens frondosa or Bidens pilosa, Brassica kaber, Capsella species such as Capsella media or Capsella bursa-pastoris, Centaurea cyanus, Galeopsis tetrahit, Galium aparine, Helianthus annuus, Desmodium tortuosum, Kochia scoparia, Mercurialis annua, Myosotis arvensis, Papaver rhoeas, Raphanus species such as wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), Salsola species such as Salsola tragus or Salsola kali, Sinapis arvensis, Sonchus species such as Sonchus asper, Sonchus arvensis or Sonchus oleraceus, Thlaspi arvense, Tagetes minuta, Richardia species such as Richardia scabra or Richardia brasiliensis, Aeschynomeme species such as Aeschynomene denticulata, Aeschynomene indica or Aeschynomene rudis, Alisma species such as Alisma canaliculatum or Alisma plantago-aquatica, Borreria species such as Borreria verticillata, Brassica rapa, Carduus acanthoides, Parietaria debilis, Portulaca oleracea, Ipomoea species such as Ipomoea grandifolia, Ipomoea hederacea, Ipomoea indivisa, Ipomoea lacunose, Ipomoea lonchophylla or Ipomoea wrightii, Senna obtusifolia, Sida species such as arrowleaf sida (Sida rhombifolia) or prickly sida (Sida spinosa), Spermacoce latifolia, Tridax procumbens, Trianthema portulacastrum, Parthenium hysterophorus, Portulaca oleracea, Acalypha australis, Ammi majus, Atriplex species, Orobanche species, Mercurialis annua, Cirsium arvense, Calystegia sepium, Stellaria media, Lamium species, Viola species, Celosia argentea, Melampodium divaricatum, Cleome viscosa, Molugo verticilatus, Borhevia erecta, Gomphrena species, Nicandra physalodes, Ricinus communis, Geranium dissectum, Alternanthera species such as Althernanthera philoxeroides or Alternanthera tenella, Ammannia species such as Ammania coccinea, Anacamtodon fortunei Mitt., Anagallis arvensis, Aneilema keisak, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Argemone mexicana, Asphodelus tenuifolius, Atriplex patula, Bacopa rotundifolia, Brassica napus, Caperonia species such as Caperonia castaneifolia or Caperonia palustris, Cephalanoplos segetum, Corynopus didymus, Crepis capillaris, Crepis tectorum, Croton lobatus, Descuminia sophia (L.), Descurainia pinnata, Echinodorus grandiflorus, Eclipta alba, Eclipta prostrata, Eichhornia crassipes, Eleocharis species, Equisetum arvense, Fallopia convolvulus, Fallopia convolvulus, Heteranthera limosa, Jussiaea species, Kallstroemia maxima, Lactuca serriola, Lathyrus aphaca, Launea mudicaulis, Leucas chinensis, Limnocharis flava, Lindernia dubia, Lindernia pyxidaria, Litospermum arvense, Ludwigia species such as Ludwigia octovallis, Macroptilium lathyroides, Malachium aquaticum (L.), Melilotus species, Merremia aegyptia, Momordica charantia, Monochoria hastate, Monochoria vaginalis, Mucuna species, Murdannia nudiflora, Oxalis neaei, Phylanthus species, Physalis species, Pistia stratiotes, Potamogeton distinctus, Rorippa islandica, Rotala indica, Rotala ramosior, Rumex dentatus, Rumex obtusifolius, Sagittaria montevidensis, Sagittaria pygmaea Miq., Sagittaria sagittifolia, Sagittaria trifolia L., Senecio vulgaris, Sicyos polyacanthus, Silene gallica, chenopoSisymbrium species such as Sisymbrium oficinale, Solanum species, Spergula arvensis, Sphenoclea zeylanica, Trianthema spp., Tripleurospermum inodorum, Veronica species such as Veronica persica or Veronica polita Vicia sativa and the like.
Both L-glufosinate alone as well as the inventive mixtures are also suitable for controlling a large number of annual and perennial sedge weeds including Cyperus species such as purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.), yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.), hime-kugu (Cyperus brevifolius H.), sedge weed (Cyperus microiria Steud), rice flatsedge (Cyperus iria L.), Cyperus difformis, Cyperus difformis L., Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus ferax, Cyperus flavus, Cyperus iria, Cyperus lanceolatus, Cyperus odoratus, Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus serotinus Rottb., Eleocharis acicularis, Eleocharis kuroguwai, Fimbristylis dichotoma, Fimbristylis miliacea, Scirpus grossus, Scirpus juncoides, Scirpus juncoides Roxb, Scirpus or Bolboschoenus maritimus, Scirpus or Schoenoplectus mucronatus, Scirpus planiculmis Fr. Schmidt and the like.
Both L-glufosinate alone as well as the inventive mixtures are also suitable for controlling weeds that are resistant to commonly used herbicides such as, for example, weeds that are resistant to glyphosate, weeds that are resistant to auxin inhibitor herbicides such as e. g. 2,4-D or dicamba, weeds that are resistant to photosynthesis inhibitors such as e. g. atrazine, weeds that are resistant to ALS inhibitors such as e. g. sulfonylureas, imidazolinones or triazolopyrimidines, weeds that are resistant to ACCase inhibitors such as e. g. clodinafop, clethodim or pinoxaden or weeds that are resistant to protoporphyrinogen-IX-oxidase inhibitors such as e. g. sulfentrazone, flumioxazine, fomesafen or acifluorfen, for example the weeds that are listed in the International Survey of Resistant Weeds (http://www.weedscience.org/Summary/SpeciesbySOATable.aspx). In particular, they are suitable for controlling the resistant weeds that are listed in the International Survey of Resistant Weeds, for example ACCase resistant Echinochloa crus-galli, Avena fatua, Alopecurus myosuroides, Echinochloa colona, Alopecurus japonicus, Bromus tectorum, Hordeum murinum, Ischaemum rugosum, Setaria viridis, Sorghum halepense, Alopecurus aequalis, Apera spicaventi, Avena sterilis, Beckmannia szygachne, Bromus diandrus, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinocloa oryzoides, Echinochloa phyllopogon, Phalaris minor, Phalaris paradoxa, Setaria faberi, Setaria viridis, Brachypodium distachyon, Bromus diandrus, Bromus sterilis, Cynosurus echinatus, Digitaria insularis, Digitaria ischaemum, Leptochloa chinensis, Phalaris brachystachis, Rotboellia cochinchinensis, Digitaria ciliaris, Ehrharta longiflora, Eriochloa punctata, Leptochloa panicoides, Lolium persicum, Polypogon fugax, Sclerochloa kengiana, Snowdenia polystacha, Sorghum sudanese and Brachiaria plantaginea, ALS inhibitor resistant Echinochloa crus-galli, Poa annua, Avena fatua, Alopecurus myosuroides, Echinochloa colona, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus palmeri, Amaranthus rudis, Conyza sumatrensis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisifolia, Conyza canadensis, Kochia scoparia, Raphanus raphanistrum, Senecio vernalis, Alopecurus japonicus, Bidens pilosa, Bromus tectorum, Chenopodium album, Conyza bonariensis, Hordeum murinum, Ischaemum rugosum, Senecio vulgaris, Setaria viridis, Sisymbrium orientale, Sorghum halepense, Alopecurus aequalis, Amaranthus blitum, Amaranthus powellii, Apera spica-venti, Avena sterilis, Brassica rapa, Bromus diandrus, Descurainia sophia, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa oryzoides, Echinochloa phyllopogon, Euphorbia heterophylla, Lactuca serriola, Phalaris minor, Phalaris paradoxa, Setaria faberi, Setaria viridis, Sinapis arvensis, Solanum ptycanthum, Sonchus oleraceus, Stellaria media, Amaranthus blitoides, Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus viridis, Ambrosia trifida, Bidens subalternans, Bromus diandrus, Bromus sterilis, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Centaurea cyanus, Cynosurus echinatus, Cyperus difformis, Fimbristilis miliacea, Galeopsis tetrahit, Galium aparine, Galium spurium, Helianthus annuus, Hirschfeldia incana, Limnocharis flava, Limnophila erecta, Papaver rhoeas, Parthenium hysterophorus, Phalaris brachystachis, Polygonum convolvulus, Polygonum lapathifolium, Polygonum persicaria, Ranunculus acris, Rottboellia cochinchinensis, Sagittaria montevidensis, Salsola tragus, Schoenoplectus mucronatus, Setaria pumila, Sonchus asper, Xanthium strumarium, Ageratum conyzoides, Alisma canaliculatum, Alisma plantago-aquatica, Ammannia auriculata, Ammannia coccinea, Ammannia arvensis, Anthemis cotula, Bacopa rotundifolia, Bifora radians, Blyxa aubertii, Brassica tournefortii, Bromus japonicus, Bromus secalinus, Lithospermum arvense, Camelina microcarpa, Chamaesyce maculata, Chrysanthemum coronarium, Clidemia hirta, Crepis tectorum, Cuscuta pentagona, Cyperus brevifolis, Cyperus compressus, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus iria, Cyperus odoratus, Damasonium minus, Diplotaxis erucoides, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, Dopatrum junceum, Echium plantagineum, Elatine triandra, Eleocharis acicularis, Erucaria hispanica, Erysimum repandum, Galium tricornutum, Iva xanthifolia, Ixophorus unisetus, Lamium amplexicaule, Limnophilia sessiliflora, Lindernia dubia, Lindernia micrantha, Lindernia procumbens, Ludwigia prostrata, Matricaria recutita, Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, Monochoria korsakowii, Monochoria vaginalis, Myosoton aquaticum, Neslia paniculata, Oryza sativa var. sylvatica, Pentzia suffruticosa, Picris hieracioides, Raphanus sativus, Rapistrum rugosum, Rorippa indica, Rotala indica, Rotala pusilla, Rumex dentatus, Sagittaria guayensis, Sagittaria pygmaea, Sagittaria trifolia, Schoenoplectus fluviatilis, Schoenoplectus juncoides, Schoenoplectus wallichii, Sida spinosa, Silene gallica, Sinapis alba, Sisymbrium thellungii, Sorghum bicolor, Spergula arvensis, Thlaspi arvense, Tripleurospermum perforatum, Vaccaria hispanica and Vicia sativa, photosynthesis inhibitor resistant Echinochloa crus-galli, Poa annua, Alopecurus myosuroides, Echinochloa colona, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus palmeri, Amaranthus rudis, Conyza sumatrensis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisifolia, Conyza canadensis, Kochia scoparia, Raphanus raphanistrum, Senecio vernalis, Alopecurus japonicus, Bidens pilosa, Bromus tectorum, Chenopodium album, Conyza bonariensis, Ischaemum rugosum, Senecio vulgaris, Setaria viridis, Sisymbrium orientale, Amaranthus blitum, Amaranthus powellii, Apera spica-venti, Beckmannia syzigachne, Brassica rapa, Digitaria sanguinalis, Euphorbia heterophylla, Phalaris minor, Phalaris paradoxa, Setaria faberi, Setaria viridis, Sinapis arvensis, Solanum ptycanthum, Stellaria media, Amaranthus blitoides, Amaranthus viridis, Bidens subalternans, Brachypodium distachyon, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chloris barbata, Cyperus difformis, Echinochloa erecta, Epilobium ciliatum, Polygonum aviculare, Polygonum convolvulus, Polygonum lapathifolium, Polygonum persicaria, Portulaca oleracea, Schoenoplectus mucronatus, Setaria pumila, Solanum nigrum, Sonchus asper, Urochloa panicoides, Vulpia bromoides, Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus albus, Amaranthus cruentus, Arabidopsis thaliana, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Bidens tripartita, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium ficifolium, Chenopodium polyspermum, Crypsis schoenoides, Datura stramonium, Epilobium tetragonum, Galinsoga ciliata, Matricaria discoidea, Panicum capillare, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Plantago lagopus, Polygonum hydopiper, Polygonum pensylvanicum, Polygonum monspeliensis, Rostraria, smyrnacea, Rumex acetosella, Setaria verticillata and Urtica urens, PS-I-electron diversion inhibitor resistant Poa annua, Conyza sumatrensis, Conyza canadensis, Alopecurus japonicus, Bidens pilosa, Conyza bonariensis, Hordeum murinum, Ischaemum rugosum, Amaranthus blitum, Solanum ptycanthum, Arctotheca calendula, Epilobium ciliatum, Hedyotis verticillata, Solanum nigrum, Vulpia bromoides, Convolvulus arvensis, Crassocephalum crepidioides, Cuphea carthagensis, Erigeron philadelphicus, Gamochaeta pensylvanica, Landoltia punctata, Lepidium virginicum, Mazus fauriei, Mazus pumilus, Mitracarpus hirtus, Sclerochloa dura, Solanum americanum and Youngia japonica, glyphosate resistant Poa annua, Echinochloa colona, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus palmeri, Amaranthus rudis, Conyza sumatrensis, Ambrosia artemisifolia, Conyza canadensis, Kochia scoparia, Raphanus raphanistrum, Bidens pilosa, Conyza bonariensis, Hordeum murinum, Sorghum halepense, Brassica rapa, Bromus diandrus, Lactuca serriola, Sonchus oleraceus, Amaranthus spinosus, Ambrosia trifida, Digitaria insularis, Hedyotis verticillata, Helianthus annuus, Parthenium hysterophorus, Plantago lanceolata, Salsola tragus, Urochloa panicoides, Brachiaria eruciformis, Bromus rubens, Chloris elata, Chloris truncata, Chloris virgata, Cynodon hirsutus, Lactuca saligna, Leptochloa virgata, Paspalum paniculatum and Tridax procumbens, microtubule assembly inhibitor resistant Echinochloa crusgalli, Poa annua, Avena fatua, Alopecurus myosuroides, Amaranthus palmeri, Setaria viridis, Sorghum halepense, Alopecurus aequalis, Beckmannia syzigachne and Fumaria densifloria, auxin herbicide resistant Echinochloa crus-galli, Echinochloa colona, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus rudis, Conyza sumatrensis, Kochia scoparia, Raphanus raphanistrum, Chenopodim album, Sisymbrium orientale, Descurainia sophia, Lactuca serriola, Sinapis arvensis, Sonchus oleraceus, Stellaria media, Arctotheca calendula, Centaurea cyanus, Digitaria ischaemum, Fimbristylis miliacea, Galeopsis tetrahit, Galium aparine, Galium spurium, Hirschfeldia incana, Limnocharis flava, Limnocharis erecta, Papaver rhoeas, Plantago lanceolata, Ranunculus acris, Carduus nutans, Carduus pycnocephalus, Centaurea soltitialis, Centaurea stoebe ssp. Micranthos, Cirsium arvense, Commelina diffusa, Echinochloa crus-pavonis, Soliva sessilis and Sphenoclea zeylanica, HPPD inhibitor resistant Amaranthus palmeri and Amaranthus rudis, PPO inhibitor resistant Acalypha australis, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus palmeri, Amaranthus retroflexus, Amaranthus rudis, Ambrosia artemisifolia, Avena fatua, Conyza sumatrensis, Descurainia sophia, Euphorbia heterophylla and Senecio vernalis, carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor resistant Hydrilla verticillata, Raphanus raphanistrum, Senecio vernalis and Sisymbrium orientale, VLCFA inhibitor resistant Alopecurus myosuroides, Avena fatua and Echinochloa crus-galli.
If the compounds of the inventive mixtures are applied to the soil surface before germination, then the weed seedlings are either prevented completely from emerging, or the weeds grow until they have reached the cotyledon stage but then their growth stops, and, eventually, after three to four weeks have elapsed, they die completely.
If the active compounds of the inventive mixtures are applied post-emergence to the green parts of the plants, growth likewise stops drastically a very short time after the treatment and the weed plants remain at the growth stage of the point of time of application, or they die completely after a certain time, so that in this manner competition by the weeds, which is harmful to the soybean plants, is eliminated at a very early point in time and in a sustained manner. When the active compounds of the inventive mixtures are used jointly, superadditive (=synergistic) effects are observed. This means that the effect in the combinations exceeds the expected total of the effects of the individual herbicides employed. The synergistic effects allow the application rate to be reduced, a broader spectrum of broad-leaved weeds and weed grasses to be controlled, the herbicidal effect to take place more rapidly, the duration of action to be longer, the harmful plants to be controlled better while using only one, or few, applications, and the application period which is possible to be extended. In some cases, uptake of the compositions also reduces the amount of harmful constituents in the crop plant, such as nitrogen or oleic acid.
The active compounds of the inventive mixtures can be used jointly or in succession. They can also conveniently be combined with further herbicide treatments to treatment combinations that ensure a more complete or long-lasting weed control, or to ensure control of weeds that are resistant against certain herbicides through combined action of multiple herbicides with different modes of action. In particular, the active compounds of the inventive mixtures and further herbicides can be used in any of the treatment combinations outlined below that consist of pre-plant burn down, pre-emergence and post-emergence treatments. These treatment combinations can be particularly suitable if the soybean crop is tolerant to the action of one or more herbicides present in the treatment combination, including tolerance that is a result of breeding and/or genetic modification. Such tolerant plants include glufosinate tolerant soybeans, glyphosate tolerant soybeans and soybeans that are tolerant to HPPD herbicides (e. g. isoxaflutole, topramezone, mesotrione, tembotrione, bicyclopyrone, fenquinotrione), auxin herbicides (e. g. 2,4-D, dicamba) and/or PPO herbicides (e. g. carfentrazone-ethyl, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, trifludimoxazin, pyraflufen-ethyl, tiafenacil, II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6, S-3100).
The following active compounds of the inventive mixtures and further herbicides are particularly suitable as pre-plant burn-down weed control components in such treatment combinations: L-Glufosinate, L-glufosinate ammonium, L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate, glyphosate dimethylammonium, glyphosate potassium, glyphosate isopropylammonium, paraquat, tiafenacil, trifludimoxazin, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, flumioxazin, fomesafen, carfentrazone-ethyl, II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6, S-3100), cloransulam-methyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, imazethapyr, imazethapyr ammonium, 2,4-D, 2,4-D choline salt, dicamba, dicamba ethanolamine salt, dicamba diglycolamine salt, dicamba potassium and dicamba BAPMA salt (i. e. dicamba N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl)methylamine salt).
The following active compounds of the inventive mixtures and further herbicides are particularly suitable as pre-emergence weed control components in such treatment combinations: Acetochlor, metolachlor, (S)-metolachlor, dimethenamid, dimethenamid-P, pethoxamid, pyroxasulfone, cloransulam-methyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, thifensulfuron-methyl, imazethapyr, imazethapyr ammonium, trifludimoxazin, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, flumioxazin, fomesafen, trifluralin, pendimethalin, metribuzin, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, tembotrione, bicyclopyrone and fenquinotrione.
The following active compounds of the inventive mixtures and further herbicides are particularly suitable for post-emergence weed control components in such treatment combinations: L-Glufosinate, L-glufosinate ammonium, L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate, glyphosate dimethylammonium, glyphosate potassium, glyphosate isopropylammonium, imazamox, imazamox ammonium, imazethapyr, imazethapyr ammonium, bentazone, bentazone sodium, isoxaflutole, topramezone, mesotrione, tembotrione, bicyclopyrone, fenquinotrione, carfentrazone-ethyl, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, trifludimoxazin, pyraflufen-ethyl, tiafenacil, II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (GAS 353292-31-6, S-3100), 2,4-D, 2,4-D choline salt, dicamba, dicamba ethanolamine salt, dicamba diglycolamine salt, dicamba potassium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
Particularly suitable treatment combinations of active compounds of the inventive mixtures and further herbicides are:
The treatment combinations 1.1 to 1.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the following table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate.
The treatment combinations 2.1 to 2.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium.
The treatment combinations 3.1 to 3.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium.
The treatment combinations 4.1 to 4.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate and clethodim.
The treatment combinations 5.1 to 5.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium and clethodim.
The treatment combinations 6.1 to 6.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium and clethodim.
The treatment combinations 7.1 to 7.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate and cycloxydim.
The treatment combinations 8.1 to 8.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium and cycloxydim.
The treatment combinations 9.1 to 9.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium and cycloxydim.
The treatment combinations 10.1 to 10.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 11.1 to 11.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 12.1 to 12.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 13.1 to 13.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 14.1 to 14.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 15.1 to 15.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 16.1 to 16.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 17.1 to 17.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 18.1 to 18.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 19.1 to 19.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 20.1 to 20.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 21.1 to 21.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 22.1 to 22.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 23.1 to 23.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 24.1 to 24.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 25.1 to 25.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 26.1 to 26.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 27.1 to 27.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 28.1 to 28.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 29.1 to 29.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 30.1 to 30.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 31.1 to 31.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 32.1 to 32.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 33.1 to 33.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 34.1 to 34.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 35.1 to 35.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 36.1 to 36.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 37.1 to 37.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 38.1 to 38.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 39.1 to 39.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 40.1 to 40.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 41.1 to 41.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 42.1 to 42.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 43.1 to 43.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 44.1 to 44.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 45.1 to 45.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 46.1 to 46.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 47.1 to 47.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 48.1 to 48.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 49.1 to 49.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 50.1 to 50.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 51.1 to 51.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 52.1 to 52.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 53.1 to 53.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 54.1 to 54.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate dimethylammonium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 55.1 to 55.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate potassium and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 56.1 to 56.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate potassium and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 57.1 to 57.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate potassium and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 58.1 to 58.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate potassium and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 59.1 to 59.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate potassium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 60.1 to 60.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate potassium and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 61.1 to 61.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate potassium and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 62.1 to 62.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate potassium and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 63.1 to 63.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate potassium and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 64.1 to 64.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate potassium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 65.1 to 65.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate potassium and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 66.1 to 66.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate potassium and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 67.1 to 67.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate potassium and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 68.1 to 68.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate potassium and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 69.1 to 69.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate potassium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 70.1 to 70.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 71.1 to 71.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 72.1 to 72.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 73.1 to 73.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 74.1 to 74.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 75.1 to 75.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 76.1 to 76.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 77.1 to 77.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 78.1 to 78.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 79.1 to 79.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 80.1 to 80.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 81.1 to 81.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 82.1 to 82.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 83.1 to 83.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 84.1 to 84.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium, glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 85.1 to 85.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 86.1 to 86.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 87.1 to 87.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 88.1 to 88.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 89.1 to 89.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 90.1 to 90.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 91.1 to 91.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 92.1 to 92.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate potassium and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 93.1 to 93.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate potassium and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 94.1 to 94.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate potassium and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 95.1 to 95.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate potassium and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 96.1 to 96.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate potassium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 97.1 to 97.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 98.1 to 98.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba.
The treatment combinations 99.1 to 99.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba ethanolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 100.1 to 100.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba diglycolamine salt.
The treatment combinations 101.1 to 101.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba potassium.
The treatment combinations 102.1 to 102.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate isopropylammonium and dicamba BAPMA salt.
The treatment combinations 103.1 to 103.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazamox.
The treatment combinations 104.1 to 104.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazamox ammonium.
The treatment combinations 105.1 to 105.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazethapyr.
The treatment combinations 106.1 to 106.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazethapyr ammonium.
The treatment combinations 107.1 to 107.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole.
The treatment combinations 108.1 to 108.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole and metribuzin.
The treatment combinations 109.1 to 109.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of mesotrione.
The treatment combinations 110.1 to 110.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole and mesotrione.
The treatment combinations 111.1 to 111.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of topramezone.
The treatment combinations 112.1 to 112.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of topramezone and dimethenamid-P.
The treatment combinations 113.1 to 113.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate and topramezone.
The treatment combinations 114.1 to 114.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate ammonium and topramezone.
The treatment combinations 115.1 to 115.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of L-glufosinate sodium and topramezone.
The treatment combinations 116.1 to 116.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of tembotrione.
The treatment combinations 117.1 to 117.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of bicyclopyrone.
The treatment combinations 118.1 to 118.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of fenquinotrione.
The treatment combinations 119.1 to 119.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of carfentrazone-ethyl.
The treatment combinations 120.1 to 120.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of sulfentrazone.
The treatment combinations 121.1 to 121.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of saflufenacil.
The treatment combinations 122.1 to 122.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of saflufenacil and trifludimoxazin.
The treatment combinations 123.1 to 123.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of trifludimoxazin.
The treatment combinations 124.1 to 124.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of pyraflufen-ethyl.
The treatment combinations 125.1 to 125.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of tiafenacil.
The treatment combinations 126.1 to 126.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6, S-3100).
The treatment combinations 127.1 to 127.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazamox and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 128.1 to 128.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazamox and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 129.1 to 129.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazamox and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 130.1 to 130.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazamox and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 131.1 to 131.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazamox ammonium and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 132.1 to 132.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazamox ammonium and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 133.1 to 133.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazamox ammonium and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 134.1 to 134.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazamox ammonium and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 135.1 to 135.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazethapyr and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 136.1 to 136.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazethapyr and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 137.1 to 137.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazethapyr and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 138.1 to 138.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazethapyr and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 139.1 to 139.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazethapyr ammonium and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 140.1 to 140.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazethapyr ammonium and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 141.1 to 141.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazethapyr ammonium and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 142.1 to 142.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of imazethapyr ammonium and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 143.1 to 143.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 144.1 to 144.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 145.1 to 145.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 146.1 to 146.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 147.1 to 147.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole, metribuzin and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 148.1 to 148.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole, metribuzin and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 149.1 to 149.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole, metribuzin and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 150.1 to 150.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole, metribuzin and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 151.1 to 151.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of mesotrione and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 152.1 to 152.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of mesotrione and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 153.1 to 153.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of mesotrione and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 154.1 to 154.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of mesotrione and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 155.1 to 155.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole, mesotrione and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 156.1 to 156.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole, mesotrione and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 157.1 to 157.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole, mesotrione and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 158.1 to 158.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of isoxaflutole, mesotrione and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 159.1 to 159.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of topramezone and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 160.1 to 160.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of topramezone and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 161.1 to 161.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of topramezone and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 162.1 to 162.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of topramezone and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 163.1 to 163.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of topramezone, dimethenamid-P and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 164.1 to 164.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of topramezone, dimethenamid-P and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 165.1 to 165.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of topramezone, dimethenamid-P and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 166.1 to 166.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of topramezone, dimethenamid-P and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 167.1 to 167.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of tembotrione and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 168.1 to 168.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of tembotrione and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 169.1 to 169.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of tembotrione and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 170.1 to 170.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of tembotrione and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 171.1 to 171.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of bicyclopyrone and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 172.1 to 172.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of bicyclopyrone and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 173.1 to 173.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of bicyclopyrone and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 174.1 to 174.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of bicyclopyrone and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 175.1 to 175.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of fenquinotrione and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 176.1 to 176.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of fenquinotrione and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 177.1 to 177.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of fenquinotrione and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 178.1 to 178.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of fenquinotrione and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 179.1 to 179.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of carfentrazone-ethyl and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 180.1 to 180.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of carfentrazone-ethyl and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 181.1 to 181.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of carfentrazone-ethyl and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 182.1 to 182.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of carfentrazone-ethyl and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 183.1 to 183.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of sulfentrazone and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 184.1 to 184.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of sulfentrazone and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 185.1 to 185.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of sulfentrazone and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 186.1 to 186.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of sulfentrazone and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 187.1 to 187.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of saflufenacil and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 188.1 to 188.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of saflufenacil and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 189.1 to 189.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of saflufenacil and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 190.1 to 190.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of saflufenacil and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 191.1 to 191.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of saflufenacil, trifludimoxazin and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 192.1 to 192.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of saflufenacil, trifludimoxazin and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 193.1 to 193.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of saflufenacil, trifludimoxazin and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 194.1 to 194.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of saflufenacil, trifludimoxazin and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 195.1 to 195.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of trifludimoxazin and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 196.1 to 196.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of trifludimoxazin and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 197.1 to 197.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of trifludimoxazin and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 198.1 to 198.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of trifludimoxazin and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 199.1 to 199.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of pyraflufen-ethyl and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 200.1 to 200.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of pyraflufen-ethyl and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 201.1 to 201.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of pyraflufen-ethyl and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 202.1 to 202.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of pyraflufen-ethyl and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 203.1 to 203.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of tiafenacil and glyphosate.
The treatment combinations 204.1 to 204.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of tiafenacil and glyphosate dimethylammonium.
The treatment combinations 205.1 to 205.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of tiafenacil and glyphosate potassium.
The treatment combinations 206.1 to 206.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of tiafenacil and glyphosate isopropylammonium.
The treatment combinations 207.1 to 207.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate and II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6, S-3100).
The treatment combinations 208.1 to 208.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate dimethylammonium and II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6, S-3100).
The treatment combinations 209.1 to 209.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate potassium and II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6, S-3100).
The treatment combinations 210.1 to 210.1087 in which one of the treatment combinations listed in the preceeding table is combined with post-emergence use of glyphosate isopropylammonium and II-89: ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6, S-3100).
The abovementioned properties and advantages are necessary under practical weed control conditions to keep the soybeans free from undesired competing plants and thus to guarantee and/or increase the yields from the qualitative and quantitative point of view. These novel combinations markedly exceed the technical state of the art with a view to the properties described. While the active compounds of the inventive mixtures have an outstanding herbicidal activity against monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds, the tolerant, or cross-tolerant, glufosinate tolerant soybeans are damaged only to a minor extent, or not at all.
As mentioned above, the inventive mixtures are suitable for controlling a large number of harmful plants in glufosinate tolerant soybeans.
Thus, the term “glufosinate tolerant soybeans” as used herein includes also (soybean) plants which have been modified by mutagenesis, genetic engineering or breeding and mutation selection techniques in order to provide a new trait to a plant or to modify an already present trait. Mutagenesis includes techniques of random mutagenesis using X-rays or mutagenic chemicals, but also techniques of targeted mutagenesis, in order to create mutations at a specific locus of a plant genome. Targeted mutagenesis techniques frequently use oligonucleotides or proteins like CRISPR/Cas, zinc-finger nucleases, TALENs or meganucleases to achieve the targeting effect. Genetic engineering usually uses recombinant DNA techniques to create modifications in a plant genome which under natural circumstances cannot readily be obtained by cross breeding, mutagenesis or natural recombination. Typically, one or more genes are integrated into the genome of a plant in order to add a trait or improve a trait. These integrated genes are also referred to as transgenes in the art, while plant comprising such transgenes are referred to as transgenic plants. The process of plant transformation usually produces several transformation events, which differ in the genomic locus in which a transgene has been integrated. Plants comprising a specific transgene on a specific genomic locus are usually described as comprising a specific “event”, which is referred to by a specific event name.
Glufosinate tolerance has been created by using mutagenesis as well as using genetic engineering. Transgenic soybean events comprising glufosinate tolerance genes are for example, but not excluding others, A2704-12 (event code: ACS-GMØØ5-3, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), A2704-21 (event code: ACS-GMØØ4-2, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), A5547-127 (event code: ACS-GMØØ6-4, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), A5547-35 (event code: ACS-GMØØ8-6, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), GU262 (event code: ACS-GMØØ3-1, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), W62 (event code: ACS-GMØØ2-9, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), W98 (event code: ACS-GMØØ1-8, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Liberty Link™ soybean), DAS68416-4 (event code: DAS-68416-4, gene: pat, e.g. commercially available as Enlist™ Soybean), DAS44406-6 (event code: DAS-44406-6, gene: pat), DAS68416-4×MON89788 (event code: DAS-68416-4×MON-89788-1, gene: pat), SYHTØH2 (event code: SYN-ØØØH2-5, gene: pat), DAS81419×DAS44406-6 (event code: DAS-81419-2×DAS444Ø6-6, gene: pat) and FG72×A5547-127 (event code: MST-FGØ72-3×ACS-GMØØ6-4, gene: pat).
In other aspects, soybeans of the invention include those plants which have been subjected to genetic modifications other than glufosinate tolerance by breeding, mutagenesis or genetic engineering, e.g. have been rendered tolerant to applications of specific other classes of herbicides, such as PPO inhibitors (e. g. saflufenacil, trifludimoxazin), AHAS inhibitors; auxinic herbicides such as dicamba or 2,4-D; bleaching herbicides such as hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors (e. g. isoxaflutole, mesotrione, tembotrione, topramezone, bicyclopyrone) or phytoene desaturase (PDS) inhibitors; EPSPS inhibitors such as glyphosate; glutamine synthetase (GS) inhibitors such as glufosinate; lipid biosynthesis inhibitors such as acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors such as “dims” {e.g., cycloxydim, sethoxydim, clethodim, or tepraloxydim), “fops” {e.g., clodinafop, diclofop, fluazifop, haloxyfop, or quizalofop), and “dens” (such as pinoxaden); or oxynil {i.e. bromoxynil or ioxynil) herbicides as a result of conventional methods of breeding or genetic engineering, Thus, soybeans of the invention can be made resistant to multiple classes of herbicides through multiple genetic modifications, such as for example resistance to both glyphosate and dicamba (e. g. Xtend® soybeans); glyphosate, 2,4-D and “fop” herbicides (e. g. Enlist® soybeans); glyphosate and glufosinate; glyphosate and HPPD inhibitors such as isoxaflutole (e. g. GT27® soybeans, Balance® GT soybeans); glyphosate, glufosinate and HPPD inhibitors such as isoxaflutole (e. g. FG72xLL55 soybeans); glufosinate and HPPD inhibitors such as isoxaflutole or mesotrione (e. g. MGI soybeans); glyphosate, glufosinate, dicamba and HPPD inhibitors such as isoxaflutole or mesotrione; glyphosate, dicamba and glufosinate; glyphosate and PPO inhibitors; glufosinate and PPO inhibitors; glyphosate, glufosinate and PPO inhibitors; glyphosate, dicamba and PPO inhibitors; glyphosate, 2,4-D, “fop” herbicides and PPO inhibitors; glyphosate, dicamba, glufosinate and PPO inhibitors; glyphosate, 2,4-D, “fop” herbicides, glufosinate and PPO inhibitors; glyphosate, PPO inhibitors and HPPD inhibitors; glufosinate, HPPD inhibitors and PPO inhibitors; glyphosate, glufosinate, HPPD inhibitors and PPO inhibitors; glyphosate, dicamba, HPPD inhibitors and PPO inhibitors; glyphosate, 2,4-D, “fop” herbicides, HPPD inhibitors and PPO inhibitors; glyphosate, dicamba, glufosinate, HPPD inhibitors and PPO inhibitors; glyphosate, 2,4-D, “fop” herbicides, glufosinate, HPPD inhibitors and PPO inhibitors; or to one of the aforementioned soybeans that are tolerant to further classes of herbicides such as AHAS inhibitors or ACCase inhibitors. These herbicide resistance technologies are, for example, described in Pest Management Science (at volume, year, page): 61, 2005, 246; 61, 2005, 258; 61, 2005, 277; 61, 2005, 269; 61, 2005, 286; 64, 2008, 326; 64, 2008, 332; Weed Science 57, 2009, 108; Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, 2007, 708; Science 316, 2007, 1185; and references quoted therein.
In addition to these classes of inhibitors, soybeans of the invention may also be tolerant to herbicides having other modes of action, for example, chlorophyll/carotenoid pigment inhibitors, cell membrane disrupters, photosynthesis inhibitors, cell division inhibitors, root inhibitors, shoot inhibitors, and combinations thereof.
Such additional tolerance traits may be expressed, e.g.: as mutant or wildtype PPO proteins, as mutant AHASL proteins, mutant ACCase proteins, mutant EPSPS proteins, or mutant glutamine synthetase proteins; or as mutant native, inbred, or transgenic aryloxyalkanoate dioxygenase (AAD or DHT), haloarylnitrilase (BXN), 2,2-dichloropropionic acid dehalogenase (DEH), glyphosate-N-acetyltransferase (GAT), glyphosate decarboxylase (GDC), glyphosate oxidoreductase (GOX), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT or bar), or CYP450s proteins having an herbicide-degrading activity.
Glufosinate tolerant soybeans hereof can also be stacked with other traits including, but not limited to, pesticidal traits such as Bt Cry and other proteins having pesticidal activity toward coleopteran, lepidopteran, nematode, or other pests; nutrition or nutraceutical traits such as modified oil content or oil profile traits, high protein or high amino acid concentration traits, and other trait types known in the art.
In all treatments according to the methods of the present invention, the inventive mixtures can be applied in conventional manner by using techniques as skilled person is familiar with. Suitable techniques include spraying, atomizing, dusting, spreading or watering. The type of application depends on the intended purpose in a well known manner; in any case, they should ensure the finest possible distribution of the active ingredients according to the invention.
In one embodiment, the inventive mixtures are applied to locus mainly by spraying, in particular foliar spraying of an aqueous dilution of the active ingredients of the mixture. Application can be carried out by customary spraying techniques using, for example, water as carrier and spray liquor rates of from about 10 to 2000 l/ha or 50 to 1000 l/ha (for example from 100 to 500 l/ha). Application of the inventive mixtures by the low-volume and the ultra-low-volume method is possible, as is their application in the form of microgranules.
The required application rate of the mixture of the pure active compounds depends on the density of the undesired vegetation, on the development stage of the plants, on the climatic conditions of the location where the mixture is used and on the application method.
In general, the rate of application of L-glufosinate is usually from 50 g/ha to 3000 g/ha and preferably in the range from 100 g/ha to 2000 g/ha or from 200 g/ha to 1500 g/ha of active substance (a.i.), and the rate of application of the second herbicidal compound II is from 1 g/ha to 2000 g/ha and preferably in the range from 5 g/ha to 1500 g/ha, more preferably from 25 g/ha to 900 g/ha of active substance (a.i.).
The examples which follow illustrate the invention without imposing any limitation.
Synergism can be described as an interaction where the combined effect of two or more compounds is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each of the compounds. The presence of a synergistic effect in terms of percent control, between two mixing partners (X and Y) can be calculated using the Colby equation (Colby, S. R., 1967, Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses in Herbicide Combinations, Weeds, 15, 21-22):
When the observed combined control effect is greater than the expected (calculated) combined control effect (E), then the combined effect is synergistic.
The following tests demonstrate the control efficacy of compounds, mixtures or compositions of this invention on specific weeds. However, the weed control afforded by the compounds, mixtures or compositions is not limited to these species. The analysis of synergism or antagonism between the mixtures or compositions was determined using Colby's equation.
Test Method:
The culture containers used were plastic flowerpots containing loamy sand with approximately 3.0% of humus as the substrate. The seeds of the test plants were sown separately for each species and/or resistant biotype. For the pre-emergence treatment, the active ingredients, which had been suspended or emulsified in water, were applied directly after sowing by means of finely distributing nozzles. The containers were irrigated gently to promote germination and growth and subsequently covered with transparent plastic hoods until the plants had rooted. This cover caused uniform germination of the test plants, unless this had been impaired by the active ingredients. For the post-emergence treatment, the test plants were first grown to a height of 3 to 15 cm, depending on the plant habit, and only then treated with the active ingredients which had been suspended or emulsified in water. For this purpose, the test plants were either sown directly and grown in the same containers, or they were first grown separately as seedlings and transplanted into the test containers a few days prior to treatment. Depending on the species, the plants were kept at 10-25° C. or 20-35° C., respectively. The test period extended to 20 days after treatment. During this time, the plants were tended, and their response to the individual treatments was evaluated. The evaluation was carried out by using a scale from 0 to 100. 100 means no emergence of the plants or complete destruction of at least the above-ground parts, and 0 means no damage, or normal course of growth. Data shown are the mean of two replications.
Products:
Weeds in the study:
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17185462 | Aug 2017 | EP | regional |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| 20220287309 A1 | Sep 2022 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16636814 | US | |
| Child | 17746295 | US |
