Patent Grant
6877431
The present invention contains subject matter in common with a co-pending U.S. Patent Application entitled: HERMETICALLY SEALED ELECTRICAL FEED-THROUGH DEVICE WITH A STRAIGHT ISOLATED PIN IN AN OFFSET OVAL GLASS SEAL and another co-pending U.S. Patent Application entitled: HERMETICALLY SEALED ELECTRICAL FEED-THROUGH DEVICE WITH AN OVAL-CROSS-SECTIONED ISOLATED PIN IN A CIRCULAR GLASS SEAL, filed on or about the same time as the present application.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a hermetically sealed electrical feed-through device, especially for an initiator or squib of an air bag igniter.
2. Description of the Related Art
Air bag systems used for protecting the passengers of a motor vehicle during a collision include an inflatable bag mounted in the dashboard or steering wheel, gas generators for the explosive generation of gas to inflate the bag, acceleration sensors to generate an electrical signal indicative of a collision and an igniter responsive to the acceleration sensors for ignition of a trigger charge in a hollow chamber that, in turn, ignites a main charge to produce the gas that inflates the bag.
The igniter for an air bag system comprises a so-called header or squib. The squib or header, as described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 5,243,492 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,772,243, comprises a hermetically sealed electrical feed-through device for supplying a current into the hollow chamber containing the trigger charge and a thin bridge wire electrically connected across the electrical feed-through device. The bridge wire ignites the trigger charge when a sufficient electrical current is passed through it via the feed-through device. Hermetically sealed electrical feed-through devices are also used for other types of devices.
In methods of manufacturing the hermetically sealed electrical feed-through devices of the prior art, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,709,724, U.S. Pat. No. 6,274,252, U.S. Pat. No. 5,243,492, U.S. Pat. No. 5,157,831, U.S. Pat. No. 4,678,358 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,430,376, a metal isolator body or plug is provided with a circular through-going opening or a metal eyelet is provided with a circular cavity. A conductive pin, called the isolated pin, is hermetically sealed in the through-going opening or cavity by means of a glass-to-metal seal.
Glass-to-metal seals may be of the compression variety, in which advantage is taken of the difference in the thermal expansion properties of metal and glass, or may be due to molecular bonding, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,709,724 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,274,252.
A hermetically sealed feed-through device is made with a glass-to-metal compression seal by cutting an appropriately sized glass preform having a suitable coefficient of thermal expansion with a central hole, arranging the glass preform in a through-going opening in a metal disk or in a cavity in a metal eyelet, inserting the conductive isolated pin in the hole in the preform, heating the assembly to an elevated temperature over the softening point of the glass perform and then cooling the entire assembly, whereby the metal disk or eyelet contracts more than the glass. A ground pin may be connected to the metal disk or the eyelet approximately parallel to the isolated pin as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,243,492.
The isolated pin and/or the ground pin may also be provided with a noble metal coating to protect against corrosion, as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,788,382 and 5,157,831.
The resulting electrical feed-through devices can be used to make the headers or squibs for the air bag igniter, for example, by connecting the bridge wire across the glass seal between the isolated pin on the front side of the electrical feed-through device and the body of the eyelet or metal disk.
The conductive pins in the prior art electrical feed-through devices are circular cross-sectioned and the through-going opening or cavity in the prior art metal ring or eyelet is circular. Disadvantageously only bridge wires of a comparatively narrow range of lengths can thus be connected across the front side of the electrical feed-through device to make a squib or initiator, e.g. for an air bag, because the isolated pin is placed centrally in the through-going opening in the metal ring or eyelet during assembly. Thus different embodiments of the electrical feed-through devices with different sized through-going openings and different diameter isolated pins must be manufactured e.g. for different air bag system manufacturers or for different initiator or squib manufacturers. This results in comparatively large manufacturing costs including storage, distribution and fixturing expenses, because of the various different types of hermetically sealed electrical feed-through devices for the different initiators.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved hermetically sealed electrical feed-through device, especially for an initiator or squib for an air bag ignition system, which does not suffer from the above-described disadvantages.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a universal hermetically sealed electrical feed-through device for an initiator or squib for an air bag inflation system of the above-described type having at least one bridge wire, that accommodates a greater range of bridge wire lengths, so that different manufacturers of squibs or initiators having different bridge wire requirements can use the same embodiment of the electrical feed-through device according to the invention.
It is another object of the invention to provide a hermetically sealed electrical feed-through device of the above-described type in which a conductive pin is sealed in a through-going opening by means of a glass seal, in which strain distribution is uniform throughout the glass seal.
According to the invention a hermetically sealed electrical feed-through device comprises
an electrically conductive body with an oval or elliptical through-going opening, which has a front side and a rear side and in which the oval or elliptical through-going opening is positioned so that the center of the oval or elliptical through-going opening approximately or exactly coincides with the center of the electrically conductive body;
an electrically conductive angular or bent isolated pin hermetically sealed centrally in the oval or elliptical through-going opening by means of a glass seal, so that the angular or bent isolated pin projects outward from the rear side of the electrically conductive body and so that one end of the angular or bent isolated pin is accessible from or exposed on the front side of the electrically conductive body; and
an electrically conductive angular or bent ground pin connected with the rear side of the electrically conductive body adjacent to the oval or elliptical through-going opening, the electrically conductive angular or bent ground pin having a substantially identical shape as the angular or bent isolated pin and projecting outward from the rear side of the electrically conductive body approximately parallel to the isolated pin;
wherein the oval or elliptical through-going opening has a major axis and a minor axis such that different bridge wires of different lengths are connectable between the front side of the electrically conductive body and the one end of the isolated pin accessible from or exposed on the front side of the electrically conductive body.
The electrical feed-through device according to the invention has the great advantage that it permits a wider range of bridge wire lengths for one or more bridge wires connected across the front side of the feed through-devices because the through-going opening in the electrically conductive body has an oval or elliptical cross-section. The manufacture of a single type of electrical feed-through device thus accommodates the needs of a large number of different manufacturers who use the electrical feed-through device to e.g. manufacture squibs or initiators for inflation devices for air bags. A lower price for the feed-through device results because of the higher volumes due to reduced component types.
In addition, the same length bridge wire can advantageously be welded in each of the four quadrants of the glass seal. Double bridge wires can easily be welded simultaneously. Furthermore the symmetrical shape of the seal area produces balanced strain distribution in the glass. A thinner head can be produced with a glass seal having the same or greater strength.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the electrically conductive body is a circular metal disk, or eyelet, and the angular isolated pin and the angular ground pin consist of metal and have a circular transverse cross-section, so that manufacture of the feed-through device is simplified.
The angular or bent ground pin is preferably shortened relative to the isolated pin, so that free ends of the isolated pin and the ground pin are exactly or approximately the same distance from the rear side of the circular metal disk.
The exposed end surface of the isolated pin, the front surface of the glass seal and the front surface of the circular metal disk are preferably at least approximately even with each other or at least approximately coplanar.
Manufacture and assembly of the electrical feed-through device is comparatively easier because the isolated pin and the ground pin may be the same as in some embodiments of the prior art feed-through. The opening in the glass preform used to make the glass seal advantageously may be the same diameter as in the glass preform of the prior art, but the outside shape of the glass preform is changed to elliptical or oval.
Fixturing costs will be reduced due to the fewer types of embodiments. Raw material costs are reduced because cold forming or metal injection molding can be used to make the circular metal disk or eyelet. Also the higher component production quantities reduce raw material costs.
The objects, features and advantages of the invention will now be illustrated in more detail with the aid of the following description of the preferred embodiments, with reference to the accompanying figures in which:
A single bent pin embodiment of the electrical feed-through according to the invention is shown in the drawing.
An angular or bent isolated pin 13 projects outward and rearward from the back of the circular metal disk 11. The isolated pin 13 is sealed in the oval or elliptical hole O in the circular metal disk 11 with a glass seal 17. The glass seal 17 fills the space between the isolated pin 13 and the metal disk 11 in the centered oval or elliptical hole or opening O. The isolated pin 13 has a circular transverse cross-section. The center of the front surface of the isolated pin 13 is arranged more or less exactly at the center of the oval or elliptical hole O in the embodiment shown in the drawing. The front surface of the isolated pin 13 is accessible or exposed on the front side of the circular metal disk 11.
An angular or bent ground pin 15 projects outward and rearward from the rear side of the circular metal disk 11 in an axial direction B indicated e.g. with the arrow in
Both the isolated pin 13 and the ground pin 15 are made of an electrically conductive metal, such as nickel-iron, and may be plated with another metal, such as gold or palladium, to provide corrosion protection.
In the embodiment shown in
In use as part of an igniter a fine metal bridge wire 19 (shown with dashed lines in
The same hermetically sealed electrical feed-through device can be marketed to different manufacturers that require different lengths of the fine bridge wire 19 in their igniter devices, because the distance between the respective front surfaces of the isolated pin 13 and the circular metal disk 11 varies because the through-going hole, and thus the glass seal 17, is elliptical or oval. Thus the hermetically sealed electrical feed-through device of the present invention is advantageously a universal electrical feed-through device for air bag igniters of different manufacturers.
As shown in
Thus the same hermetically sealed electrical feed-through device can be marketed to different manufacturers that require different lengths of fine wire 19 in their igniter devices. Thus the hermetically sealed electrical feed-through device of the present invention is advantageously a universal feed-through device for air bag igniters of different manufacturers. Advantageously the same length bridge wire can be welded in each of the four quadrants of the glass seal. Double bridge wires can be easily welded at the same time.
For example, the major axis a of the elliptical hole can range from 3.02 to 3.07 cm and the minor axis b of the elliptical hole can range from 2.26 to 2.31 cm. The thickness t of the metal disk is about 2.5 cm.
The glass seal 17 of the hermetically sealed electrical feed-through device of the present invention may be made by the methods disclosed in background section of the invention, especially those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,274,252 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,709,724. The inventive improvements in the feed-through devices claimed below reside primarily in the geometries selected for the pin cross-sections and/or the through-going openings.
While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in a hermetically sealed electrical feed-through device, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.
Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention.
What is claimed is new and is set forth in the following appended claims.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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