Claims
- 1. (Three Times Amended) A compound of formula (I), or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof:
- 2. A compound according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R1 is a phenyl group which is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α1 defined below, Substituent group β1 defined below, Substituent group γ1 defined below and Substituent group δ1 defined below;
said Substituent group α1 is selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups as defined in claim 1 and halogeno lower alkoxy groups as defined in claim 1;said Substituent group β1 is selected from the group consisting of a group of formula —NRcRd wherein one of Rc and Rd is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms and lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 and the other is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 and aralkyl groups as defined in claim 1;said Substituent group γ1 is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of amino groups, amino groups substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 and amino groups substituted with an aralkyl group as defined in claim 1; and said Substituent group δ1 is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1, halogeno lower alkyl groups comprising lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with at least one halogen atom, hydroxy lower alkyl groups comprising lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with at least one hydroxy group and nitro lower alkyl groups comprising lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with at least one nitro group.
- 3. A compound according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R1 is a phenyl group which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, halogeno lower alkyl groups comprising lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with at least one halogen atom and halogeno lower alkoxy groups as defined in claim 1.
- 4. A compound according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-difluoromethoxyphenyl and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups.
- 5. A compound according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R2 is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α, Substituent group β, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ.
- 6. A compound according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R2 is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group which optionally is substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α, Substituent group β, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ.
- 7. A compound according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R2 is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group which optionally is substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy, amino, methylamino, benzylamino and α-methylbenzylamino groups.
- 8. A compound according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein in R3, m is 1 and n is 1.
- 9. A compound according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein in R3, E represents a group of formula >NR10 and D represents a group of formula >CR11R12.
- 10. A compound according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein in R3, one of R5 and R7 together with R6 represents a single bond and the other represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, Substituent group α, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ; R8, R9 and R12 are the same or different from one another and each represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, Substituent group α, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ; and R10 and R11 are the same or different from one another and each represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, Substituent group α, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ; or R10 and R11 together form an alkylene group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α, Substituent group β, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ.
- 11. A compound according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein in R3, R10 and R11 together form a straight chain alkylene group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α, Substituent group β, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ.
- 12. A compound according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein in R3, each of R7, R8 and R9 is a hydrogen atom, and R10 and R11 together form a straight chain alkylene group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α, Substituent group β, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ.
- 13. A compound according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein said compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (I-1) or (I-3) below:
- 14. A compound according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein:
R1 is a phenyl group which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α1 defined below, Substituent group β1 defined below, Substituent group γ1 defined below and Substituent group δ1 defined below; R2 is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α, Substituent group β, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ; and R3 is a group of formula (II) as defined in claim 1 wherein m is 1 and n is 1; said Substituent group α1 comprises halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups as defined in claim 1 and halogeno lower alkoxy groups as defined in claim 1;said Substituent group β1 comprises a group of formula —NRcRd wherein one of Rc and Rd is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms and lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 and the other is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 and aralkyl groups as defined in claim 1;said Substituent group γ1 comprises lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of amino groups, amino groups substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 and amino groups substituted with an aralkyl group as defined in claim 1; and said Substituent group δ1 comprises lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1, halogeno lower alkyl groups comprising lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with at least one halogen atom, hydroxy lower alkyl groups comprising lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with at least one hydroxy group and nitro lower alkyl groups comprising lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with at least one nitro group.
- 15. A compound of formula (I) according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt or ester thereof, wherein:
R1 is a phenyl group which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α1 defined below, Substituent group β1 defined below, Substituent group γ1 defined below and Substituent group δ1 defined below; R2 is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α, Substituent group β, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ; and in R3, E represents a group of formula >NR10 wherein R10 is as defined in claim 1 and D represents a group of formula >CR11R12 wherein R11 and R12 are as defined in claim 1;said Substituent group α1 comprises halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups as defined in claim 1 and halogeno lower alkoxy groups as defined in claim 1;said Substituent group β1 comprises a group consisting of a group of formula —NRcRd wherein one of Rc and Rd is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms and lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 and the other is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 and aralkyl groups as defined in claim 1;said Substituent group γ1 is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of amino groups, amino groups substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 and amino groups substituted with an aralkyl group as defined in claim 1; and said Substituent group δ1 is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1, halogeno lower alkyl groups comprising lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with at least one halogen atom, hydroxy lower alkyl groups comprising lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with at least one hydroxy group and nitro lower alkyl groups comprising lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with at least one nitro group.
- 16. A compound of formula (I) according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt or ester thereof, wherein:
R1 is a phenyl group which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, halogeno lower alkyl groups comprising lower alkyl groups as defined in claim 1 which are substituted with at least one halogen atom and halogeno lower alkoxy groups as defined in claim 1;R2 is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group which optionally is substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α, Substituent group β, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ; and in R3, one of R5 and R7 together with R6 represents a single bond and the other represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, Substituent group α, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ; R8, R9 and R12 are the same or different from one another and each represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, Substituent group α, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ; and R10 and R11 are the same or different from one another and each represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, Substituent group α, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ; or R10 and R11 together form an alkylene group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α, Substituent group β, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ.
- 17. A compound of formula (I) according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt or ester thereof, wherein:
R1 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-difluoromethoxyphenyl and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups; R2 is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group which optionally is substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy, amino, methylamino, benzylamino and α-methylbenzylamino groups; and in R3, R10 and R11 together form a straight chain alkylene group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α, Substituent group β, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ.
- 18. A compound of formula (I) according to claim 1 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt or ester thereof, wherein:
R1 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-difluoromethoxyphenyl and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups; R2 is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group which optionally is substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy, amino, methylamino, benzylamino and α-methylbenzylamino groups; and in R3, each of R7, R8 and R9 is a hydrogen atom; and R10 and R11 together form a straight chain alkylene group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α, Substituent group β, Substituent group γ and Substituent group δ.
- 19. A compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 14 to 18 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt or ester thereof, wherein said compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (I-1) or (I-3) below:
- 20. A compound selected from the following group of compounds, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt or ester thereof:
4-(1-acetyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-4-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-4-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(2-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(6-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(1-ethyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1-isopropyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1-propyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1-phenethyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,8,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(1,6-dimethyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(1,2-dimethyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(3-dimethylamino-1-propen-1-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(4-aminobutyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(1-ethyl-6-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(1-ethyl-2-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(6-allyl-1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(2-allyl-1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(6-benzyl-1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(2-benzyl-1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(6-methyl-1-propyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(2-methyl-1-propyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1,3,4,6,7,9a-hexahydro-2H-quinolizin-8-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1,3,4,6,9,9a-hexahydro-2H-quinolizin-8-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,8,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(2-methylaminopyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(2-methylaminopyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,8,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(1,2,3,5,8,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,8,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,8,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(1,2,3,5,8,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-2-phenyl-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, and 4-(1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-2-phenyl-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole.
- 21. A compound [of formula (I) according to claim 1] selected from the following group of compounds, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof:
2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-4-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(6-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(1-ethyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1-isopropyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1-propyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1-phenethyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(1,6-dimethyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(1,2-dimethyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(1-ethyl-6-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-(1-ethyl-2-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(6-methyl-1-propyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(2-methyl-1-propyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1,3,4,6,7,9a-hexahydro-2H-quinolizin-8-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, and 4-(1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole.
- 22. A compound according to claim 1, which is 2-(4-fluorophenyl-4-(1-phenethyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
- 23. A compound according to claim 1, which is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
- 24. A compound according to claim 1, which is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(6-methyl-1-propyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof
- 25. A compound according to claim 1, which is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(2-methyl-1-propyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
- 26. A compound according to claim 1, which is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1,3,4,6,7,9a-hexahydro-2H-quinolizin-8-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
- 27. A compound according to claim 1, which is 2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
- 28. A compound according to claim 1, which is 4-(1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
- 29. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human of a pharmacologically active compound together with a carrier therefor, wherein said pharmacologically active compound is a compound of formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
- 30. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human of a pharmacologically active compound together with a carrier therefor, wherein said pharmacologically active compound is a compound of formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof according to claim 13.
- 31. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human of a pharmacologically active compound together with a carrier therefor, wherein said pharmacologically active compound is a compound of formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof according to any one of claims 15 to 18.
- 32. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human of a pharmacologically active compound together with a carrier therefor, wherein said pharmacologically active compound is a compound of formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof according to claim 19.
- 33. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human of a pharmacologically active compound together with a carrier therefor, wherein said pharmacologically active compound is a compound of formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof according to any one of claims 20 to 28.
- 34. A method for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human which comprises administering to a human in need thereof an effective amount for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
- 35. A method for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human which comprises administering to a human in need thereof an effective amount for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof according to claim 13.
- 36. A method for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human which comprises administering to a human in need thereof an effective amount for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof according to any one of claims 15 to 18.
- 37. A method for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human which comprises administering to a human in need thereof an effective amount for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof according to claim 19.
- 38. A method for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human which comprises administering to a human in need thereof an effective amount for the treatment of a disease which is treatable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof according to any one of claims 20 to 28.
- 39. A method according to claim 34 for inhibiting bone absorption.
- 40. A method according to claim 38 for inhibiting bone absorption.
- 41. A method according to claim 34 for the treatment of an inflammatory disease.
- 42. A method according to claim 38 for the treatment of an inflammatory disease.
- 43. A method according to claim 34 for the treatment of a viral disease.
- 44. A method according to claim 38 for the treatment of a viral disease.
- 45. A method according to claim 34 for relieving pain or pyrexia.
- 46. A method according to claim 38 for relieving pain or pyrexia.
- 47. A method according to claim 34 for the treatment of chronic rheumatoid arthritis.
- 48. A method according to claim 38 for the treatment of chronic rheumatoid arthritis.
- 49. A method according to claim 34 for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
- 50. A method according to claim 38 for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
- 51. A method according to claim 34 for the treatment of hepatitis.
- 52. A method according to claim 38 for the treatment of hepatitis.
- 53. A method according to claim 34 for the treatment of a disease selected from the group consisting of an allergic disease, septicaemia, psoriasis, osteoporosis, ulcerative colitis, diabetes, nephritis, ischemic heart disease, Alzheimer's disease and arteriosclerosis.
- 54. A method according to claim 38 for the treatment of a disease selected from the group consisting of an allergic disease, septicaemia, psoriasis, osteoporosis, ulcerative colitis, diabetes, nephritis, ischemic heart disease, Alzheimer's disease and arteriosclerosis.
- 55. A method of inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a human which comprises administering to a human a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound as defined in any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12.
- 56. A compound of formula (I)′, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof:
- 57. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R1′ is a phenyl group which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α1′ defined below and Substituent group β1′ defined below;
said Substituent group α1′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups and groups of formula —NRa′Rb′, wherein one of Ra′ and Rb′ represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and the other represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or an aralkyl group; said Substituent group β′ is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, hydroxyl lower alkyl groups, nitro lower alkyl groups, amino lower alkyl groups, lower alkylamino lower alkyl groups, di(lower alkyl)amino lower alkyl groups and aralkylamino lower alkyl groups.
- 58. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R1′ is a phenyl group which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, halogeno lower alkyl groups and halogeno lower alkoxy groups.
- 59. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R1′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-difluoromethoxyphenyl and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups.
- 60. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups optionally being substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 61. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups optionally being substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 62. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups optionally being substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy, amino, methylamino, benzylamino, and α-methylbenzylamino groups.
- 63. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein B′ optionally has one further ring heteroatom or ring group selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, oxygen atom, sulfur atom, >SO and >SO2, said ring is saturated or unsaturated and optionally is fused with an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a cycloalkyl group or a heterocyclyl group.
- 64. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein B′ is saturated or unsaturated and optionally is fused with an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a cycloalkyl group or a heterocyclyl group.
- 65. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein B′ is a pyrrolidinyl ring or a pyrrolinyl ring.
- 66. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′.
- 67. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′.
- 68. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R4′ is 1 or 2 substituents which are selected independently from the group consisting of said Substituent group α, said Substituent group β′ and Substituent group γ′, wherein said Substituent group γ′ is selected from the group consisting of oxo groups, hydroxyimino groups, lower alkoxyimino groups, lower alkylene groups, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylsulfinyl groups, lower alkylsulfonyl groups and aryl groups which optionally are substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 69. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, lower alkylthio groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups, lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, oxo groups, aryl groups optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylene groups and lower alkylsulfonyl groups.
- 70. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, methoxy groups, ethoxy groups, propoxy groups, methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups and phenyl groups which is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′ as defined in claim 56.
- 71. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy groups, methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups and phenyl groups.
- 72. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of aryloxy groups which optionally are substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′, alkylidene groups and aralkylidene groups.
- 73. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenoxy, methylidene, ethylidene, propylidene and benzylidene groups.
- 74. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is represented by the formula (I-1)′ or (I-3)′ shown below:
- 75. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein the compound of formula (I)′ is represented by the formula (I-1)′ below:
- 76. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein:
R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is 1 or 2 substituents which are selected independently from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′ and Substituent group γ1′, wherein said Substituent group γ1′ is selected from the group consisting of oxo groups, hydroxyimino groups, lower alkoxyimino groups, lower alkylene groups, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylsulfinyl groups, lower alkylsulfonyl groups and aryl groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 77. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein:
R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, lower alkylthio groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups, lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, oxo groups, aryl groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylene groups and lower alkylsulfonyl groups.
- 78. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein:
R1 is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α1′ defined below and Substituent group β1′ defined below; said Substituent group α1′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups and groups of formula —NRa′Rb′, wherein one of Ra′ and Rb′ represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and the other represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or an aralkyl group; said Substituent group β1′ is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, hydroxyl lower alkyl groups, nitro lower alkyl groups, amino lower alkyl groups, lower alkylamino lower alkyl groups, di(lower alkyl)amino lower atkyl groups and aralkylamino lower alkyl groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, lower alkylthio groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups, lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, oxo groups, aryl groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylene groups and lower alkylsulfonyl groups.
- 79. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein:
R1′ is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, halogeno lower alkyl groups and halogeno lower alkoxy groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, methoxy groups, ethoxy groups, propoxy groups, methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups and phenyl groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 80. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein:
R1′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-difluoromethoxyphenyl and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy, amino, methylamino, benzylamino, and α-methylbenzylamino groups; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy groups, methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups and phenyl groups.
- 81. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein:
R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of aryloxy groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′, alkylidene groups and aralkylidene groups.
- 82. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein:
R1′ is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α1′ defined below and Substituent group β1′ defined below, said Substituent group α1′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups and groups of formula —NRa′Rb′, wherein one of Ra′ and Rb′ represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and the other represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or an aralkyl group, and said Substituent group β1′ is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, hydroxyl lower alkyl groups, nitro lower alkyl groups, amino lower alkyl groups, lower alkylamino lower alkyl groups, di(lower alkyl)amino lower alkyl groups and aralkylamino lower alkyl groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of aryloxy groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′, alkylidene groups and aralkylidene groups.
- 83. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein:
R1′ is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, halogeno lower alkyl groups and halogeno lower alkoxy groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′, and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenoxy, methylidene, ethylidene, propylidene and benzylidene groups.
- 84. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein:
R1′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-difluoromethoxyphenyl and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy, amino, methylamino, benzylamino, and α-methylbenzylamino groups; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′, and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenoxy, methylidene, ethylidene, propylidene and benzylidene groups.
- 85. A compound according to any one of claims 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83 or 84 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein the compound of formula (I)′ is a compound of formula (I-1)′ or (I-3)′ shown below:
- 86. A compound according to any one of claims 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83 or 84 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein the compound of formula (I)′ is a compound of formula (I-1)′ shown below:
- 87. A compound according to claim 56 or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of
2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methylidene-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-2-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-ethyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-propyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, and 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-phenyl]-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole.
- 88. A compound according to claim 56, wherein the compound is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(2R,8aS)-2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 89. A compound according to claim 56, wherein the compound is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(8aS)-2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 90. A compound according to claim 56, wherein the compound is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(8aS)-2-methylidene-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 91. A compound according to claim 56, wherein the compound is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(8aS)-2-methyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 92. A compound according to claim 56, wherein the compound is 4-[(2S,8aS)-2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 93. A compound according to claim 56, wherein the compound is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(2S,8aS)-2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 94. A compound according to claim 56, wherein the compound is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(2R,8aS)-2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H pyrrole.
- 95. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a pharmacologically active compound together with a carrier therefor, wherein said pharmacologically active compound is a compound of formula (I)′ or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof:
- 96. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R1′ is a phenyl group which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α1′ defined below and Substituent group β1′ defined below;
said Substituent group α1′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups and groups of formula —NRa′Rb′, wherein one of Ra′ and Rb′ represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and the other represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or an aralkyl group; said Substituent group β1′ is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, hydroxyl lower alkyl groups, nitro lower alkyl groups, amino lower alkyl groups, lower alkylamino lower alkyl groups, di(lower alkyl)amino lower alkyl groups and aralkylamino lower alkyl groups.
- 97. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R1′ is a phenyl group which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, halogeno lower alkyl and halogeno lower alkoxy groups.
- 98. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R1′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-difluoromethoxyphenyl and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups.
- 99. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups optionally being substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 100. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups optionally being substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 101. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups optionally being substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy, amino, methylamino, benzylamino, and α-methylbenzylamino groups.
- 102. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein B′ optionally has one further ring heteroatom or ring group selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, oxygen atom, sulfur atom, >SO and >SO2, said ring is saturated or unsaturated and optionally is fused with an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a cycloalkyl group or a heterocyclyl group.
- 103. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein B′ is saturated or unsaturated and optionally is fused with an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a cycloalkyl group or a heterocyclyl group.
- 104. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein B′ is a pyrrolidinyl ring or a pyrrolinyl ring.
- 105. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′.
- 106. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′.
- 107. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R4′ is 1 or 2 substituents which are independently selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′ and Substituent group γ1′, wherein said Substituent group γ1′ is selected from the group consisting of oxo groups, hydroxyimino groups, lower alkoxyimino groups, lower alkylene groups, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylsulfinyl groups, lower alkylsulfonyl groups and aryl groups which optionally are substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α′ and Substituent group β′.
- 108. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, lower alkylthio groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups, lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, oxo groups, aryl groups optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylene groups and lower alkylsulfonyl groups.
- 109. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, methoxy groups, ethoxy groups, propoxy groups, methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups and phenyl groups which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 110. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy groups, methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups and phenyl groups.
- 111. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of aryloxy groups which optionally are substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′, alkylidene groups and aralkylidene groups.
- 112. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenoxy, methylidene, ethylidene, propylidene and benzylidene groups.
- 113. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is represented by the formula (I-1)′ or (I-3)′ shown below:
- 114. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein the compound of formula (I)′ is represented by the formula (I-1)′ below:
- 115. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein:
R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is 1 or 2 substituents which are independently selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α, said Substituent group β and Substituent group γ1′, wherein said Substituent group γ1′ is selected from the group consisting of oxo groups, hydroxyimino groups, lower alkoxyimino groups, lower alkylene groups, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylsulfinyl groups, lower alkylsulfonyl groups and aryl groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 116. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein:
R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, lower alkylthio groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups, lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, oxo groups, aryl groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylene groups and lower alkylsulfonyl groups.
- 117. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein:
R1′ is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α1′ defined below and Substituent group β1′ defined below; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; said Substituent group α1′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups and groups of formula —NRa′Rb′, wherein one of Ra′ and Rb′ represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and the other represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or an aralkyl group; said Substituent group β1′ is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, hydroxyl lower alkyl groups, nitro lower alkyl groups, amino lower alkyl groups, lower alkylamino lower alkyl groups, di(lower alkyl)amino lower alkyl groups and aralkylamino lower alkyl groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, lower alkylthio groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups, lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, oxo groups, aryl groups, which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylene groups and lower alkylsulfonyl groups.
- 118. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein:
R1′ is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, halogeno lower alkyl groups and halogeno lower alkoxy groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′; and R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′; R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, methoxy groups, ethoxy groups, propoxy groups, methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups and phenyl groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 119. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein:
R1′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-difluoromethoxyphenyl and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy, amino, methylamino, benzylamino, and a-methylbenzylamino groups; and R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′; R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy groups, methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups and phenyl groups.
- 120. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein:
R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of aryloxy groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′, alkylidene groups and aralkylidene groups.
- 121. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein:
R1′ is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α1′ defined below and Substituent group β1′ defined below, said Substituent group ax is selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups and groups of formula —NRa′Rb′, wherein one of Ra′ and Rb′ represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and the other represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or an aralkyl group, and said Substituent group β1′ is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, hydroxyl lower alkyl groups, nitro lower alkyl groups, amino lower alkyl groups, lower alkylamino lower alkyl groups, di(lower alkyl)amino lower alkyl groups and aralkylamino lower alkyl groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of aryloxy groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′, alkylidene groups and aralkylidene groups.
- 122. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein:
R1′ is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, halogeno lower alkyl groups and halogeno lower alkoxy groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyriridinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenoxy, methylidene, ethylidene, propylidene and benzylidene groups.
- 123. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein:
R1′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-difluoromethoxyphenyl and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy, amino, methylamino, benzylamino, and α-methylbenzylamino groups; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenoxy, methylidene, ethylidene, propylidene and benzylidene groups.
- 124. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122 or 123, wherein the compound of formula (I)′ is a compound of formula (I-1)′ or (I-3)′ shown below:
- 125. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122 or 123, wherein the compound of formula (I)′ is a compound of formula (I-1)′:
- 126. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein the compound of formula (I)′ is selected from the group consisting of
2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6, 8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl) 1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methylidene-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-2-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-ethyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-propyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, and 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-phenyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 127. A composition according to claim 95, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is selected from 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(2R,8aS)-2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 128. A composition according to claim 95, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is selected from 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(8aS)-2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 129. A composition according to claim 95, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is selected from 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(8aS)-2-methylidene-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H- or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 130. A composition according to claim 95, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is selected from 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(8aS)-2-methyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 131. A composition according to claim 95, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is selected from 4-[(2S,8aS)-2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 132. A composition according to claim 95, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is selected from 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(2S,8aS)-2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 133. A composition according to claim 95, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is selected from 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(2R,8aS)-2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 134. A method for the treatment or prophylaxis of a disease treatable or preventable by inhibiting the production of an inflammatory cytokine in a mammal which comprises administering to said mammal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I)′ or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof:
- 135. A method according to claim 134, wherein the mammal is a human.
- 136. A method according to claim 135, wherein R1′ is a phenyl group which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α1′ defined below and Substituent group β1′ defined below;
said Substituent group al is selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups and groups of formula —NRa′Rb′, wherein one of Ra′ and Rb′ represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and the other represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or an aralkyl group; said Substituent group β1′ is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, hydroxyl lower alkyl groups, nitro lower alkyl groups, amino lower alkyl groups, lower alkylamino lower alkyl groups, di(lower alkyl)amino lower alkyl groups and aralkylamino lower alkyl groups.
- 137. A method according to claim 135, wherein R1′ is a phenyl group which optionally is substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, halogeno lower alkyl groups and halogeno lower alkoxy groups.
- 138. A method according to claim 135, wherein R1′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-difluoromethoxyphenyl and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups.
- 139. A method according to claim 135, wherein R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups optionally being substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 140. A method according to claim 135, wherein R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups optionally being substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 141. A method according to claim 135, wherein R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups optionally being substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy, amino, methylamino, benzylamino, and a-methylbenzylamino groups.
- 142. A method according to claim 135, wherein B′ optionally has one further ring heteroatom or ring group selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, oxygen atom, sulfur atom, >SO and >SO2, said ring may be saturated or unsaturated and optionally is fused with an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a cycloalkyl group or a heterocyclyl group.
- 143. A method according to claim 135, wherein B′ is saturated or unsaturated and optionally is fused with an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a cycloalkyl group or a heterocyclyl group.
- 144. A method according to claim 135, wherein B′ is a pyrrolidinyl ring or a pyrrolinyl ring.
- 145. A method according to claim 135, wherein R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or I formula (IIb)′.
- 146. A method according to claim 135, wherein R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′.
- 147. A method according to claim 135, wherein R4′ is 1 or 2 substituents which are independently selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, Substituent group β′ and Substituent group γ1′, wherein said Substituent group γ1′ is selected from the group consisting of oxo groups, hydroxyimino groups, lower alkoxyimino groups, lower alkylene groups, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylsulfinyl groups, lower alkylsulfonyl groups and aryl groups which optionally are substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β.
- 148. A method according to claim 135, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, lower alkylthio groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups, lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, oxo groups, aryl groups optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylene groups and lower alkylsulfonyl groups.
- 149. A method according to claim 135, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, methoxy groups, ethoxy groups, propoxy groups, methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups and phenyl groups which optionally are substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 150. A method according to claim 135, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy groups, methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups and phenyl groups.
- 151. A method according to claim 135, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of aryloxy groups which optionally are substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′, alkylidene groups and aralkylidene groups.
- 152. A method according to claim 135, wherein R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenoxy, methylidene, ethylidene, propylidene and benzylidene groups.
- 153. A method according to claim 135, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is represented by the formula (I-1)′ or (I-3)′ shown below:
- 154. A method according to claim 135, wherein the compound of formula (I)′ is represented by the formula (I-1)′ below:
- 155. A method according to claim 135, wherein:
R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is 1 or 2 substituents which are independently selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β and Substituent group γ1′, wherein said Substituent group γ1′ is selected from the group consisting of oxo groups, hydroxyimiro groups, lower alkoxyimino groups, lower alkylene groups, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylsulfinyl groups, lower alkylsulfonyl groups and aryl groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 156. A method according to claim 135, wherein:
R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, lower alkylthio groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups, lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, oxo groups, aryl groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylene groups and lower alkylsulfonyl groups.
- 157. A method according to claim 135, wherein:
R1′ is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of Substituent group α1′ defined below and Substituent group β1′ defined below; said Substituent group α1′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups and groups of formula —NRa′Rb′, wherein one of Ra′ and Rb′ represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and the other represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or an aralkyl group; said Substituent group β1′ is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, hydroxyl lower alkyl groups, nitro lower alkyl groups, amino lower alkyl groups, lower alkylamino lower alkyl groups, di(lower alkyl)amino lower alkyl groups and aralkylamino lower alkyl groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ on formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, lower alkylthio groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups, lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, oxo groups, aryl groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′, said Substituent group β′, lower alkylenedioxy groups, lower alkylene groups and lower alkylsulfonyl groups.
- 158. A method according to claim 135, wherein:
R1′ is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, halogeno lower alkyl groups and halogeno lower alkoxy groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy groups, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, methoxy groups, ethoxy groups, propoxy groups, methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups and phenyl groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′.
- 159. A method according to claim 135, wherein:
R1′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-difluoromethoxyphenyl and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group said groups being unsubstituted or substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy, amino, methylamino, benzylamino and x-methylbenzylamino groups; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy groups, methyl groups, ethyl groups, propyl groups and phenyl groups.
- 160. A method according to claim 135, wherein:
R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of aryloxy groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α1′, said Substituent group β1′ alkylidene groups and aralkylidene groups.
- 161. A method according to claim 135, wherein:
R1′ is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from Substituent group α1′ defined below and Substituent group defined below, said Substituent group α1′ is selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, halogeno lower alkoxy groups and groups of formula —NRa′Rb′, wherein one of Ra′ and Rb′0 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and the other represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or an aralkyl group, said Substituent group β1′ is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl groups, halogeno lower alkyl groups, hydroxyl lower alkyl groups, nitro lower alkyl groups, amino lower alkyl groups, lower alkylamino lower alkyl groups, di(lower alkyl)amino lower alkyl groups and aralkylamino lower alkyl groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′ or formula (IIb)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of aryloxy groups which are unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′, alkylidene groups and aralkylidene groups.
- 162. A method according to claim 135, wherein:
R1′ is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, halogeno lower alkyl groups and halogeno lower alkoxy groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of said Substituent group α′ and said Substituent group β′; and R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenoxy, methylidene, ethylidene, propylidene and benzylidene groups.
- 163. A method according to claim 135, wherein:
R1′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-difluoromethoxyphenyl and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl groups; R2′ is a 4-pyridyl or 4-pyrimidinyl group, said groups being unsubstituted or substituted at the 2-position thereof with a substituent selected from the group consisting of methoxy, amino, methylamino, benzylamino, and α-methylbenzylamino groups; R3′ is a group of formula (IIa)′; and R4′ is a substituent selected from the group consisting of phenoxy, methylidene, ethylidene, propylidene and benzylidene groups.
- 164. A method according to claim 135, wherein the compound of formula (I)′ is selected from the group consisting of
2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-methylidene-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-2-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 4-[2-ethyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-propyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, and 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[2-phenyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 165. A method according to claim 135, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is selected from 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(2R,8aS)-2-phenyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 166. A method according to claim 135, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is selected from 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(8aS)-2-methyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 167. A method according to claim 135, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is selected from 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(8aS)-2-methylidene-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 168. A method according to claim 135, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is selected from 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(8aS)-2-methyl-3,5,6,8a-tetrahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 169. A method according to claim 135, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is selected from 4-[(2S,8aS)-2-ethyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 170. A method according to claim 135, wherein said compound of formula (I)′ is selected from 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(2S,8aS)-2-propyl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, ester or other derivative thereof.
- 171. A method according to claim 135, wherein the compound is 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-[(2R,8aS)-2-methoxy-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydroindolizin-7-yl]-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrrole.
- 172. A method according to any one of claims 150 to 158, wherein the compound of formula (I)′ is a compound of formula (I-1)′ or (I-3)′ shown below:
- 173. A method according to any one of claims 155 to 163, wherein the comound of formula (I)′ is a compound of formula (I-1)′ shown below:
- 174. A method according to any one of claims 134 to 171, wherein the method is for inhibiting bone resporption, relieving inflammation, treating or preventing a viral disease, relieving pain or pyrexia, treating or preventing chronic rheumatoid arthritis, treating or preventing osteoarthritis, treating or preventing cancer or treating or preventing hepatitis.
- 175. A method according to claim 135, wherein said method is for inhibiting bone resorption.
- 176. A method according to claim 135, wherein said method is for relieving inflammation.
- 177. A method according to claim 135, wherein said method is for the treatment or prophylaxis of a viral disease.
- 178. A method according to claim 135, wherein said method is for relieving pain or pyrexia.
- 179. A method according to claim 135, wherein said method is for the treatment or prophylaxis of chronic rheumatoid arthritis.
- 180. A method according to claim 135, wherein said method is for the treatment or prophylaxis of osteoarthritis.
- 181. A method according to claim 135, wherein said method is for the treatment or prophylaxis of cancer.
- 182. A method according to claim 135, wherein said method is for the treatment or prophylaxis of hepatitis.
- 183. A method according to claim 135, wherein said method is for the treatment or prophylaxis of asthma.
- 184. A method according to claim 135, which is for treatment of said disease.
- 185. A method according to claim 135, which is for preventing said disease.
- 186. A method according to any one of claims 134 to 171, wherein said method is for the treatment or prophylaxis of a disease selected from the group consisting of an allergic disease, septicaemia, psoriasis, degenerative arthritis, Crohn's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, osteoporosis, ulcerative colitis, diabetes, nephritis, ischemic heart disease, Alzeimer's disease and arteriosclerosis.
- 189. (New) A method according to claim 188, wherein the method is for the treatment of septicemia.
- 190. (New) A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 95, wherein said composition is for the treatment or prophylaxis of septicemia.
Priority Claims (3)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
HEI 11-205491 |
Jul 1999 |
JP |
|
HEI 11-369678 |
Dec 1999 |
JP |
|
2001-13817 |
Jan 2001 |
JP |
|
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part application of (i) application Ser. No. 10/317,748 filed Dec. 12, 2002, which is a continuation application of application Ser. No. 10/099,176 filed Mar. 14, 2002, which is a divisional application of application Ser. No. 09/619,898 filed Jul. 19, 2000 (abandoned) and (ii) application Ser. No. 10/054,630 filed Jan. 22, 2002, which claims the benefit of Provisional application Serial No. 60/275,005 filed Mar. 12, 2001, for which priority under 35 USC 119(e) is claimed. The entire contents of application Ser. Nos. 09/619,898 and 10/054,630 are incorporated by reference herein.
Provisional Applications (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60275005 |
Mar 2001 |
US |
Divisions (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09619898 |
Jul 2000 |
US |
Child |
10099176 |
Mar 2002 |
US |
Continuations (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
10099176 |
Mar 2002 |
US |
Child |
10317748 |
Dec 2002 |
US |
Continuation in Parts (2)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
10317748 |
Dec 2002 |
US |
Child |
10354648 |
Jan 2003 |
US |
Parent |
10054630 |
Jan 2002 |
US |
Child |
10099176 |
Mar 2002 |
US |