The present invention relates to methods of communicating with a computer, and in particularly methods of transferring information via screen communication to a bar code scanner in a high ambient light environment without the limitation of an in-focus optics system.
Generally speaking, the proliferation of 2D Imagers and their ease of operation have increased the demand for reading barcode symbols off a computer screen. Reading on-screen barcodes allows customers to take advantage of their inherent ability to be dynamically-created and therefore accommodate variable data, such as PC-specific Bluetooth MAC addresses. These techniques may support mission-critical applications such as package delivery. However, this process may break down in high ambient light environments. Often, the computer screen is located where significant and uncontrollable amounts of ambient light are flooding the screen, making the on-screen barcodes unusable.
Therefore, a need exists for a method to obtain the barcoded information off a computer screen under high ambient lighting conditions.
Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention embraces a method to transmit data between a computer screen and a decoding device utilizing an asynchronous communication method and an out-of focus condition for the decoding device. The data may be information which may have been encoded in a barcode and the decoding device may be a barcode scanner. The method may operate in a high ambient lighting environment, such as direct sunlight.
In an exemplary embodiment, the method of communicating with a computer may comprise activating a scanner to operate in a screen mode (or an alternative mode); and placing the scanner in contact with an active window displayed on a screen of the computer. The computer receives a prompt to cause the active window to be displayed on the screen, and the computer displays a communication sequence on the active window. The method continues with the scanner scanning the active window to asynchronously receive the communication sequence that comprises encoded information. The scanner operates in a defocused focus condition of the scanner and can operate successfully in a direct sunlight environment. The method further continues with the scanner converting the received encoded information to a unique identifier of the computer; and connecting the scanner to the computer using the unique identifier via an electronic communication method. The communication sequence comprises at least three optical states.
The active window is displayed on a portion of the screen of the computer. The unique identifier of the computer may be, but is not limited to, a MAC address. The electronic communication method may utilize, but is not limited to, a Bluetooth Low Energy (LE) technology.
In another exemplary embodiment, a method of communicating with a computer with a screen may comprise scanning, with a scanner, to detect a magnitude of an output of the screen, converting, by the scanner, the output of the screen into encoded information; and coupling the scanner to the computer using the encoded information. The computer causes all or part of the screen to display the output. The encoded information varies at least at a frame rate of the screen. The scanner operates independent of any focus condition. The output of the screen may be a multi-state sequence.
The scanner detects the magnitude of the output by averaging the pixels of the screen. The scanner may average all of the pixels of the screen. The scanner may use its internal CMOS sensor for this detection. The changing screen states enable asynchronous communications. The encoded information may comprise one or more instructions intended for the scanner. For example, the encoded information may include a MAC address. The scanner operates in a direct sunlight environment. The communication sequence may comprise a sequence of more than three optical states.
In yet another exemplary embodiment, a method of communicating with a computer may comprise receiving a prompt, at the computer, to cause a window to be displayed on a screen of the computer; displaying, by the computer, on the window a communication sequence comprising encoded information, wherein a scanner performs the steps of: (i) activating the scanner to operate in a screen mode) (or an alternative mode), (ii) placing the scanner in contact with the window, (iii) scanning the window with the scanner to asynchronously receive encoded information, and (iv) converting the received encoded information from the computer to a unique identifier of the computer. The method continues with the computer connecting the scanner to the computer using the unique identifier via an electronic communication method. The scanner operates independent of any focus condition of the scanner and operates independent of a direct sunlight environment. The communication sequence comprises a sequence of three optical states.
The aforementioned exemplary embodiments may include the following elements: The communication sequence may comprise a sequence of three optical states including an “on” state, an “off” state, and an intermediate state. On the active window, the “on” state is displayed as a white color, the “off” state is displayed as a black color, and the intermediate state is displayed as a gray color. At the “on” state or the “off” state, the communication sequence or multi-state sequence transitions to and from the intermediate state. At the intermediate state, the communication sequence or multi-state sequence transitions to and from either the “on” state or the “off” state. The “on” state, the “off” state or the intermediate state have at least a duration of a scanner frame rate. A transition from the intermediate state to the “on” or “off” state and back to a transition state comprises one bit of information. A transmission period for one bit is equal to two times a frame duration plus two times a sum of a rise time plus a fall time. The communication sequence or output is displayed by the computer onto the computer screen, or a portion of the computer screen.
In yet another exemplary embodiment, a method of communicating with a computer comprises activating a scanner to operate in a barcode mode. The scanner then attempts to decode a barcode displayed on a computer screen. If the scanner does not successfully decode the barcode: (i) the operation of the scanner changes to a screen mode, and (ii) the scanner proceeds to process a plurality of frames in a communication sequence displayed on the computer screen. The scanner then determines if the communication sequence comprises multiple states in the frames of the communication sequence.
If the communication sequence comprises multiple states, the scanner continues to decode the plurality of frames comprising bits of encoded information. After receiving and decoding a full bit stream, the operation of the scanner returns to the barcode mode. The scanner converts the encoded information to a unique ID of the computer, and proceeds to wirelessly connect to the computer using the unique ID.
In the barcode mode, if the scanner successfully decodes the barcode, the decoded barcode may be transmitted to a host computer. Then, the scanner repeats the operation in the barcode mode by attempting to decode another barcode. In the screen mode, if the communication sequence does not comprise multiple states, the operation of the scanner may be returned to the barcode mode.
In yet another exemplary embodiment, a method of obtaining a machine-readable code information with a barcode scanner from a digital display comprising the steps of: converting the machine-readable code information into a communication sequence comprised of sequential images, wherein each sequential image is defined by at least three colors or patterns; configuring the barcode scanner to operate in a manner that analyzes a plurality of images sequentially; displaying by the digital display the communication sequence; receiving with the barcode scanner the communication sequence, wherein the barcode scanner captures the sequential images; converting the captured sequential images back into the machine-readable code information; and connecting the barcode scanner to a computer using a unique identifier via an electronic communication method.
The communication sequence comprises a sequence of three optical states including an “on” state, an “off” state, and an intermediate state. Each optical state represents a different color. On the active window, the “on” state is displayed as a white color, the “off” state is displayed as a black color, and the intermediate state is displayed as a gray color. At the “on” state or the “off” state, the communication sequence transitions to and from the intermediate state; and at the intermediate state, the communication sequence transitions to and from either the “on” state or the “off” state. The “on” state, the “off” state or the intermediate state have at least a duration of a barcode scanner frame rate.
In yet another exemplary embodiment, a system for obtaining a machine-readable code information with a barcode scanner from a digital display, the system comprising: a computer capable of generating a multi-state sequence based on the machine-readable code information and presenting the multi-state sequence on the digital display; the barcode scanner capable of scanning the digital display and receiving the multi-state sequence using out-of-focus asynchronous data transmission, wherein, the barcode scanner converts the multi-state sequence back into the machine-readable code information; and the digital display for displaying the multi-state sequence.
The foregoing illustrative summary, as well as other exemplary objectives and/or advantages of the invention, and the manner in which the same are accomplished, are further explained within the following detailed description and its accompanying drawings.
The present invention embraces a method to obtain barcoded information off a computer screen under high ambient lighting conditions, including a direct sunlight environment. The method includes a user prompting a computer to present an active window on all or a portion of its screen. The computer generates a communication sequence, comprising information normally included in a barcode, and displays the communication sequence on the computer screen. After activating the scanner into a screen mode (or an alternative mode), the user places the scanner on the active window of the computer screen and the scanner asynchronously receives the communication sequence. The scanner decodes the received communication sequence and obtains encoded information from the computer. The encoded information may include a unique identifier of the computer, such as a MAC address. With the MAC address, the scanner may wirelessly communicate with the computer to exchange other information. The other information may include tracking the location of product inventory in a facility.
The present invention may be useful in an industrial environment where a user is picking up a product from inventory and delivering it to a delivery location in the facility. To track the user's activity, the user first connects to a specific computer. The connection includes reading three bar codes. The first barcode resets the scanner; the second barcode reconfigures the scanner or operation; and the third barcode includes a unique identifier of the computer. The unique identifier may be a MAC address.
After connecting with the specific computer, the user may walk in the facility and pick up a product and deliver it to a delivery location in the facility. At each stop, the user reads the barcode of the product, which is immediately transmitted to the specific computer. Accordingly, the location of the product is tracked by the specific computer. The specific computer is often in a high ambient light environment. A work around for this situation may include posting the barcodes on a piece of paper and attaching the paper to the specific computer. The scanner may be able to read the barcode on the paper in a high ambient light environment, but the paper may become lost or damaged. The present invention provides a method to avoid such a work around.
As described, herein, a communication sequence is equivalent to a communication signal. An optical state is equivalent to a color. A scanner is equivalent to a barcode scanner. A communication sequence may be a multi-state sequence.
The present invention may also solve the problem of how to communicate information without using a method to synchronize to the computer screen. Other methods have relied on using the time-dependent rastering scans for each frame of a CRT display to transmit a byte and a focused photodiode to receive the information in a synchronized fashion. This CRT method may not be useful with current screen technology and may be very sensitive to high ambient light conditions. Also, the CRT method may use the entire frame to transmit a bit and the receiving device may need to be focused. In the present invention, the method of communicating information may not need to be synchronized and may not need to rely on time dependent frame generation. Moreover, the receiving device may be a standard imaging barcode scanner.
The scanner, such as a Honeywell SF61, may run at 60 frames per second, meaning the scanner may capture a new image approximately every 17 ms (i.e., the frame duration, or Ts is 17 ms). This situation may limit the fundamental information transfer since a “bit” has to be captured during this time period. A “bit” may be defined when the screen is either all on or all off. An LCD screen, Honeywell CV61, may have a “rise” time of 36 ms and a “fall” time of 20 ms between the two optical states that comprise a bit. The problem becomes how to make sure that the scanner sees the “on” state without missing it, while at the same time being sure that the scanner does not capture the bit twice. One solution is to utilize an intermediate state where half the screen illumination is on and half off creating a gray level that may serve as a “catch up” zone both to be sure that at least one frame is caught and to know when two frames are caught so as to avoid a double count.
The definition of a bit is therefore a process where the screen transitions from gray to, all-white (i.e., “on”) and stays “on” for approximately 17 ms, then transitions back to gray for approximately 17 ms. This method may allow for two “on states” of the same value to be adjacent, since they are separated by a gray period. This method may allow for two “on states” to be adjacent, but not separated by a gray value, thereby allowing the scanner to ignore one of the “on states”. This method may also allow for the accounting of any intermediate point of the rise and fall of the screen.
The intermediate state (where half the screen illumination is on and half off) creates a gray level that serves as a neutral or “rest” condition, and provides a mechanism for bit synchronization.
The total time for transmission of a bit is 2(Ts)+2(Tr+Tf). For 2 bits=4(17 ms)+2 (10 ms+18 ms)=124 ms. For 40 bits=124×20=2.5 s. For 48 bits=124×24=3.0 s (“s”=second, “ms”=milli-second). Ts is the frame duration.
When the scanner receives the MAC address of the computer, the scanner may wirelessly communicate with the computer. As it turns out, there may be some repeating data in the MAC address for the CV61 that may be the same 6-digit prefix and may be 001040, which may basically identify the chipset vendor. For example, valid CV61 MAC addresses may be: 00104057a64c, 001040b6afe3, and 00104042d4a0. Consequently, six hex characters must be represented, which is three bytes or 24 bits, in order to be useful to the application. Check bits could be added as well as a gray prefix and still be within the practical range of about two seconds of contact time with the display screen.
In summary,
In this code, snippet “ulAvrg” is the variable of interest; it may represent the pixel average values returned by an Xenon scanner of its entire sensor area, for a single acquisition. The resulting output of the scanner (i.e. all successive acquisitions) at the end of the experiment is then fed into a spreadsheet and displayed graphically, as shown
In the experiment, special attention was taken to ensure that gray levels are effectively converted into a median value, and in this particular experiment the best performing color was Light Steel Blue. An example color may be html color code #B0C4DE, as defined at W3schools.com.
This experiment also highlights the importance of having an intermediate state (where all the pixels are Light Steel Blue or other intermediate color or half the screen illumination is on and half off creating a gray level to the scanner) since the scanner may capture an image at any given time including during the “rise” and the “fall” time of the LCD screen, as illustrated by indicator 302 in
User prompts a computer to display an active window on the computer screen. (step 502) The prompting may include the user touching the “touch screen” of the computer. An active window on the computer screen changes light intensity uniformly to allow the scanner to be in contact with the screen and to operate in any focus condition, including out-of focus
User activates the scanner in a screen mode. (step 504)
User physically places the opening of the scanner in contact with the active window of the computer screen (step 506
Scanner begins to receive bits of encoded information. (step 508) Reception of bits may begin essentially immediately after the scanner in placed in contact with the active window. The bits may be received via asynchronous communication.
After receiving a full bit stream, the scanner converts the encoded information to a unique identifier of the computer. The unique identifier may be a MAC address of the computer (step 510). After a successful reception and conversion of the bit stream, the scanner provides a positive notification to the user, such as turning on a light, generating a sound or causing a vibration.
Scanner connects with computer utilizing ad hoc communication and the MAC address. (step 512)
Scanners may have several embodiments of operation. In one embodiment, the scanner continuously scans for barcodes after the scanner is turned on. In another embodiment, the scanner only scans when a scan button (trigger) is depressed. Generally, for the scan button case, after a barcode is read, the scanner turns off. However, there may be modes where the scanning continues as long as the scan button is activated.
In another embodiment, if the barcode scan is not successful, the scanner may automatically switch to a screen mode where the scanner scans a communication sequence that is displayed on the screen.
Activate a scanner to operate in barcode mode. (step 601)
In the barcode mode, the scanner attempts to decode a barcode displayed on computer screen. (step 602) For one embodiment of decoding, the scanner scans for contrast areas and then determines edges between high and low contrast.
Does the scanner successfully decode the barcode? (step 604) If the scanner does not successfully decode the barcode: (i) change the operation of the scanner to a screen mode and process a plurality of frames in a communication sequence displayed on the computer screen. (step 608) In one embodiment, several frames (e.g., six) are processed by averaging pixels.
The scanner determines if the communication sequence comprises multiple states in the frames of the communication sequence. (step 610) In one embodiment, there may be three states corresponding to black, gray, and white. In another embodiment there may be more than three states.
If the communication sequence comprises multiple states, the scanner continues to decode the plurality of frames comprising bits of encoded information. (step 612) After receiving and decoding a full bit stream, the scanner converts the encoded information to a unique ID of the computer, and then wirelessly connects to the computer using the unique ID. (step 614) The wireless connection may utilize Bluetooth technology. Subsequently, the operation of the scanner returns to the barcode mode. A full bit stream comprises all the bits contained between prolonged gray states that last for multiple frames. (step 616) In the barcode mode, if the scanner successfully decodes the barcode, the scanner transmits the decoded barcode to a host computer, and then the scanner repeats the operation in the barcode mode by attempting to decode another barcode. (steps 602, 604, 606)
In the screen mode, if the communication sequence does not comprise multiple states, the operation of the scanner returns to barcode mode. (steps 610, 616)
In summary, the computer may transmit its communication sequence with a unique identifier continuously in a loop in a designated area such as in the lower right corner of the computer screen. The user places the scanner in contact with the screen and makes an average reading of all or a portion of its sensor pixels during each frame of its scan time. The scanner records the bits and the long gray segment that indicates the start of the data until a full data transmission is obtained. The scanner may then unambiguously connect with the computer terminal, such as a CV61, using the acquired data. The present invention in a broad sense is a generic method of communication from a computer screen without the limitation of an in-focus optics system and in the presence of high environmental challenges such as direct sunlight or rain. The invention was inspired by observing the difficulties of a user in a package carrier environment when trying to read a bar code off the screen in the presence of direct sunlight. The present invention, therefore, is not limited to a specific application such as communicating a computer MAC address, but can be a method of communicating data for any purpose, including data collection.
The present invention allows the scanners already deployed to be used with only software modifications. With the present invention, a user may connect a common scanning device to a host computer in the presence of direct sunlight with a high confidence level of success.
To supplement the present disclosure, this application incorporates entirely by reference the following commonly assigned patents, patent application publications, and patent applications:
In the specification and/or figures, typical embodiments of the invention have been disclosed. The present invention is not limited to such exemplary embodiments. The use of the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The figures are schematic representations and so are not necessarily drawn to scale. Unless otherwise noted, specific terms have been used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation.
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/491,383, filed Apr. 19, 2017, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 15491383 | Apr 2017 | US |
Child | 16254057 | US |