Claims
- 1. An additive produced by reacting at elevated temperatures in the presence of at least one light hydrocarbon solvent and promoter:
- (a) an alkyl oxy aromatic sulfonate, wherein the oxy is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, and hexoxy;
- (b) an alkaline earth metal base;
- (c) carbon dioxide; and
- (d) an acid component selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid, an acid anhydride, an acid choride, and ester thereof, said acid component having a molecular weight of less than 500 and having the following structure: ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 is a C.sub.10 to C.sub.24 alkyl or alkenyl group; wherein R.sub.2 is hydrogen, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group, or a CH.sub.2 COOH group; and wherein the acid component provides from 2 to 40 weight % of the additive,
- wherein:
- (1) if the alkyl oxy aromatic sulfonate is in the acidic form, the acid component is in the acidic form;
- (2) if the alkyl oxy aromatic sulfonate is in the neutralized form, the acid component is in the neutralized form; and
- (3) if the alkyl oxy aromatic sulfonate is in the overbased form, the acid component is either in the acidic form or in the neutralized form.
- 2. An additive according to claim 1 wherein both the alkyl oxy aromatic sulfonate and the acid component are in the acidic form.
- 3. An additive according to claim 1 wherein both the alkyl oxy aromatic sulfonate and the acid component are in the neutralized form.
- 4. An additive according to claim 1 wherein the alkyl oxy aromatic sulfonate is in the overbased form and the acid component is either in the acidic form or in the neutralized form.
- 5. An additive according to claim 1 wherein the alkyl group of the alkyl oxy aromatic sulfonate has from eighteen to thirty carbon atoms per alkyl group.
- 6. An additive according to claim 5 wherein the alkyl group of the alkyl oxy aromatic sulfonate has from twenty to twenty-four carbon atoms per alkyl group.
- 7. An additive according to claim 1 wherein between 40 and 80 weight % the alkyl groups of the alkyl oxy aromatic sulfonate are attached at the 4-position and higher positions of the alkyl groups.
- 8. An additive according to claim 1 wherein the oxy group is hydroxy.
- 9. An additive according to claim 1 wherein the aromatic group is benzene.
- 10. An additive according to claim 1 wherein the alkaline earth metal is calcium.
- 11. An additive according to claim 1 wherein the acid component is a carboxylic acid.
- 12. An additive according to claim 11 wherein the acid component is stearic acid.
- 13. An additive according to claim 1 wherein the acid component provides from 15 to 25 weight % of the sum of the acid component and alkyl oxy aromatic sulfonate.
- 14. An additive according to claim 1 wherein the alkaline earth metal is calcium and the base ratio of calcium carbonate to calcium sulfonate is from 5:1 to 30:1.
- 15. An additive according to claim 14 wherein the base ratio of calcium carbonate to calcium sulfonate is from 17:1 to 20:1.
- 16. An additive according to claim 1 wherein reaction occurs at atmospheric pressure.
- 17. An additive according to claim 1 wherein reaction occurs at temperatures of from 90.degree. to 120.degree. F.
- 18. An additive concentrate, having a TBN of at least 200, comprising:
- (a) from 20 to 50 weight % a base oil of lubricating viscosity; and
- (b) from 50 to 80 weight % of the additive according to claim 1.
- 19. An additive concentrate according to claim 18 wherein the TBN of the additive concentrate is between 300 and 500.
- 20. A marine lubricating oil comprising:
- (a) a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity; and
- (b) a minor amount of the additive concentrate according to claim 18.
- 21. A marine lubricating oil according to claim 20, wherein the TBN of the additive concentrate is between 300 and 500.
- 22. A process for the production of a lubricating oil additive, which comprises reacting at atmospheric pressure and temperatures of from 90.degree. to 120.degree. F. in the presence of at least one light hydrocarbon solvent and promoter:
- (a) an alkyl hydroxy benzene sulfonate in the acidic form, wherein the alkyl group has from twenty to twenty-four carbon atoms per alkyl group;
- (b) calcium base;
- (c) carbon dioxide; and
- (d) stearic acid,
- wherein the stearic acid provides from 15 to 25 weight % of the sum of the acid component and alkyl hydroxy benzene sulfonate, and the base ratio of calcium carbonate to calcium sulfonate is from 17:1 to 20:1.
- 23. A process for the production of a lubricating oil additive, which comprises reacting at atmospheric pressure and temperatures of from 90.degree. to 120.degree. F. in the presence of at least one light hydrocarbon solvent and promoter:
- (a) a neutralized alkyl hydroxy benzene sulfonate, wherein the alkyl group has from twenty to twenty-four carbon atoms per alkyl group;
- (b) calcium base;
- (c) carbon dioxide; and
- (d) stearic acid in the neutralized form,
- wherein the stearic acid provides from 15 to 25 weight % of the sum of the acid component and alkyl hydroxy benzene sulfonate, and the base ratio of calcium carbonate to calcium sulfonate is from 17:1 to 20:1.
- 24. A process for the production of a lubricating oil additive, which comprises reacting at atmospheric pressure and temperatures of from 90.degree. to 120.degree. F. in the presence of at least one light hydrocarbon solvent and promoter:
- (a) an overbased alkyl hydroxy benzene sulfonate, wherein the alkyl group has from twenty to twenty-four carbon atoms per alkyl group;
- (b) calcium base;
- (c) carbon dioxide; and
- (d) stearic acid in either the acidic form or the neutralized form,
- wherein the stearic acid provides from 15 to 25 weight % of the sum of the acid component and alkyl hydroxy benzene sulfonate, and the base ratio of calcium carbonate to calcium sulfonate is from 17:1 to 20:1.
Parent Case Info
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08775,065, filled Dec. 27, 1996, now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (10)
Foreign Referenced Citations (2)
Number |
Date |
Country |
351053 |
Jan 1990 |
EPX |
1 332 473 |
Oct 1973 |
GBX |
Continuations (1)
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Number |
Date |
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Parent |
775065 |
Dec 1996 |
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