Patent Application
20130170954
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to Swiss application no. 01928/11, filed 6 Dec. 2011, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein.
1. Field of Endeavor
The present invention relates to the field of gas turbine technology, and more particularly to a high-pressure compressor.
2. Brief Description of the Related Art
A greatly simplified diagram for a gas turbine is illustrated in
Modern high-pressure compressors (HPC) are exposed to comparatively high temperatures at their sections on the outlet side. These high temperatures very often cause problems with regard to the integrity of the rotor and to corresponding limitations of the service life. Thus, the occurrence of high metal temperatures at the rotor of a high-pressure compressor is a critical factor which influences the service life of the gas turbine rotor and which is included in the overall maintenance costs of the machine.
The rotor geometry typically used for high-pressure compressors shall have on the outlet side a smooth surface of the rotor disk, along which surface air is blown radially in the one or the other direction. In the case that the air is used for cooling the rotor disk, this results in the disadvantage that the cooling effect is not sufficient and the air exits the hollow space on the outlet side without the cooling capacity of the air being fully exhausted.
One of numerous aspects of the invention includes an improved high-pressure compressor of the aforementioned kind, such that the compressor is cooled in the region of the outlet side with a significantly improved effectiveness.
Another aspect includes a high-pressure compressor which has a compressor rotor which is surrounded by a stator, thereby forming a main flow channel, and which is delimited at the compressor outlet by an end face substantially extending in the radial direction, along which end face cooling air is conveyed in the radial direction for the purpose of cooling. The end face is provided with first means for improving the heat transfer between the cooling air and the end face.
Another aspect includes that the means for improving the heat transfer between the cooling air and the end face comprises, on the end face, a plurality of radially oriented blades which are arranged distributed over the circumference and which form cooling channels between each other for conveying the cooling air.
In particular, the blades are molded onto the compressor rotor.
Another configuration includes that the blades are formed curved counter to the rotational direction of the compressor rotor.
Preferably, the curvature of the blades follows a parabola, a hyperbola, or a function in the form of a polynomial.
A further configuration includes that second means are provided which impose a tangential speed component in the rotational direction of the compressor rotor onto the cooling air impinging onto the end face.
In particular, the second means comprises a concentric turbulator nozzle arranged in the stator, through which nozzle the cooling air exits from an interior formed in the stator and flows toward the end face.
Here, the turbulator nozzle can be formed by a group of suitable blades.
However, the turbulator nozzle can also be formed by tangentially oriented boreholes.
Yet another configuration includes that a cooling cavity is formed between the end face and the stator and that the cooling cavity is separated from the main flow channel by a seal.
Another aspect includes a gas turbine having a high-pressure compressor as described herein.
The invention is explained in more detail hereinafter by means of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. In the figures:
The modification in the configuration of the compressor rotor region on the outlet side described within the present context shall serve for lowering the temperature in the solid portion of the rotor or the rotor disk and for reducing temperature gradients occurring at the outlet side during transition states.
For this purpose, on the one hand, the surface of the rotor disk (end face) is designed for an improved heat transfer so as to increase the heat flow from the air to the disk. On the other hand, the cooling air at the stator is fed through swirl generators so as to be able, due to the relative movement, to reduce the temperature of the cooling air. In this manner, a very effective cooling of the outlet side of the compressor rotor is achieved.
According to
Cooling air 21 is fed from an interior 20 in the inner stator part 18 through a turbulator nozzle 22 to the rotor's 17 outlet side that is delimited by the end face 30 extending in the radial direction. The turbulator nozzle 22 can be formed of a group of suitable blades or tangentially oriented boreholes. The nozzle generates cooling air with a tangential speed in the direction of the rotational speed (ω in
On the outlet side or end face 30 of the compressor rotor 17 (or the last compressor disk), radially oriented blades 23 are formed and arranged uniformly distributed over the circumference. Between the blades 23, cooling channels 24 are created in which the inflowing cooling air 21 is radially conveyed from the inside to the outside and is finally discharged into the main flow channel 25.
The course of the blades 23 can follow a given function such as, e.g., a parabola or hyperbola, or another curve defined by a polynomial. However, in any case, the blades 23 are curved counter to the rotational direction (see
In the individual case, the cooling cavity 26 formed between the inner stator part 18 and the rotor 17 in the region of the blades 23 can also be separated from the main flow channel 25 by a seal 27, as shown in
While the invention has been described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes can be made, and equivalents employed, without departing from the scope of the invention. The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the invention. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to utilize the invention in various embodiments as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims appended hereto, and their equivalents. The entirety of each of the aforementioned documents is incorporated by reference herein.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 01928/11 | Dec 2011 | CH | national |
