Patent Application
20150191928
This invention relates to the field of construction, in particular anti-quake construction and relates to all types of buildings or structures. This invention relates more particularly to a high-resistance construction, in particular anti-quake. In this application, the term “construction” designates any type of building, bridge or edifice erected, but this definition can also simply extend to “foundations” as the invention can be implemented in the form of a foundation and as such form for example a substructure whereon it is possible to erect any type of structure.
A first problem in the field of constructions relates to the resistance, in particular in terms of stability and flexibility (resistance to deformation). Indeed, the conventional constructions and foundations of prior art often have a lack of resistance to difficult conditions, in particular at the climate level (violent winds and storms for example) and/or geological (earthquakes and landslides for example). In general, conventional constructions have an insufficient absorption of vibratory phenomena. Anti-quake foundations and constructions are known in prior art that have the advantage of being more resistant than conventional foundations and constructions. A second problem in the field thus concerns the complexity of the arrangement and implementation of constructions and of their foundations in order to satisfy the first resistance problem. Indeed, the foundations and constructions that are able to withstand high stresses are generally complex and expensive. A third problem relates to the forces that are exerted on the constructions, and in particular the foundations, by erected structures which bear down with all of their weight and exert primarily vertical forces. This problem leads to complexity and substantial construction costs as the constructions must be able to withstand these direct vertical forces. The latter problem is moreover aggravated in difficult conditions.
Constructions (called here “sustained”) are known in prior art in which an erected structure rests on a bearing structure that supports the erected structure, as for example in U.S. Pat. No. 5,359,821, or constructions (called here “suspended”) wherein the erected structure is suspended from a bearing structure which retains the erected structure in suspension, as for example in patent applications U.S. Pat. No. 3,789,174, FR2736671A1 or U.S. Pat. No. 2,035,009A. Constructions are therefore generally not suspended and sustained at the same time. In addition, constructions are known in prior art wherein bracing is used, i.e. bars or shafts arranged obliquely in relation to the elements that they stabilize, for example thanks to a triangulation or a cross (for example a cross of Saint Andrew, in particular in the case of frames). However, this type of bracing generally uses, as for example in U.S. Pat. No. 5,359,821, shafts or supports (braces) which are arranged in a vertical plane (according to an oblique orientation between the horizontal plane and the vertical plane of the construction). This type of arrangement has the advantage of stabilizing the construction by providing resistance to the lateral forces. The shafts are generally arranged in pairs and each pair is arranged in a plane parallel or perpendicular to the other pairs. This type of arrangement has the disadvantage of requiring many shafts or supports and of not optimizing the stabilization in the various directions of space and of not satisfactorily responding to the problems mentioned hereinabove. Finally, the shafts are generally fixed by rigid fasteners, at least on one of the erected or bearing structures, as for example in U.S. Pat. No. 5,359,821 wherein the lower fastener is articulated while the upper fastener is rigid. This type of fastener has the disadvantage of risks of breaking under the stresses exerted.
On the other hand, suspended anti-quake constructions are known in prior art wherein absorbers are used which limit the oscillations. Indeed, the systems of construction of prior art, as for example in applications U.S. Pat. No. 3,789,174A, FR2736671A1 or U.S. Pat. No. 2,035,009A, often use absorbers formed by cylinders or other elastic means in order to slow down any oscillations that the suspended structure is subjected to. This type of elastic means has the disadvantage of only absorbing or slowing down the oscillations but of not providing a satisfactory stabilization.
In this context, it is interesting to propose a construction or a foundation that is resistant and stable, while still being simple, inexpensive and easy to implement. In this regard, it can also be interesting to propose a construction that allows a load offset.
This invention therefore has for purpose to overcome at least one of the disadvantages of prior art by proposing a high-resistance construction.
This purpose is achieved by a high-resistance construction comprising at least one rigid structure erected on at least one bearing element, characterized in that the bearing element comprises at least one bearing element, known as the pivot, said rigid structure comprising at least one lower frame suspended in an articulated manner about said pivot by suspension means, said rigid structure also being connected to said bearing element by stabilization means comprising a plurality of pairs of shafts mounted in an articulated manner between said rigid structure and said bearing element.
Preferably, the stabilization means also form means of support of the rigid structure. As such, the shafts are more preferably sufficiently rigid in order to support a portion of the load of the rigid structure, contrary to elastic means. It is understood that the notions of rigidity and of elasticity, which are generally relative, here have their definition in the capacity of rigid means in supporting a load, contrary to absorbers that only offer an elasticity that is not able to bear a load and only able to absorb the movement of the latter. As such, the rigid means defined here can naturally have a certain elasticity (according to the type of material used), in particular (and no solely) in the case where the stabilization means are associated with means for maintaining which provide a pre-stress, but which offer a resistance that is sufficient in order to support at least a portion of the load that the suspension means is subjected to.
Details on other particularities and advantages of such constructions are provided in this application.
Another purpose of this invention is to overcome at least one of the disadvantages of prior art by proposing a method of implementing a high-resistance construction or foundation.
This purpose is achieved by a method of implementing a high-resistance construction according to the invention, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
Details on other particularities and advantages of such methods are provided in this application.
Other particularities and advantages of this invention shall appear more clearly when reading the description hereinafter, made in reference to the annexed drawings, wherein:
a shows a perspective view of a bearing element whereon the construction is erected according to certain embodiments with the cutting plane 3-3 of
a, 3b, 3c and 3d show cross-section views according to the plane 3-3 of
a and 4b show cross-section views according to the plane 3-3 of the
a shows a perspective view of a portion of the interior of a construction according to certain embodiments, with a cutting plane 5-5 of
a, 6b, 6c and 6d show bottom views of constructions according to various embodiments,
a shows a perspective view of a construction according to certain embodiments,
a, 8b, 8c, 8d and 8e show cross-section views according to a vertical plane identical to the plane 7-7, of different constructions according to various embodiments,
a and 9b show, respectively, a top view and a cross-section view according to the plane 9B-9B of
a and 10b show, respectively, a top view and a cross-section view according to the plane 10B-10B of
This invention relates to a construction, generally of high resistance, as well as its method of implementation (e.g., method of construction). The construction is designated here as being of high resistance because it is able in particular to withstand difficult atmospheric and/or geological conditions, as for example earthquakes and/or violent winds. This invention discloses in particular suspension means and stabilization means (and means of support) for a construction, that provide a relative flexibility for the construction and which allow it to be resistant. The invention can therefore also relate to each of these elements separately, which can consequently be claimed as such. In this application, the term “construction” designates any type of building, bridge or edifice erected, but this definition can also simply extend to “foundations” as the invention can be implemented in the form of a foundation whereon it is possible to erect any type of structure. Indeed, constructions comprise generally at least one structure erected on substructures (i.e., the emerged portion of the foundations). As such, the definition of the invention also extends to foundations, in particular anti-quake foundations, whereon it is possible to erect any type of structure and the term “construction” is used here to designate either the foundations or the structure erected on the foundations. Most of the figures do not show details of the erected structure but simply the peripheries as it is possible to consider any form, for the interior as well as for the exterior. Indeed, constructions and foundations can have various forms, with for constructions, a top with a tip or sharp edge, even a plateau, and the periphery of the construction can be polygonal or curved (for example circular), by defining at least one structure slope. The shape can be square, rectangular, round, polygonal, regular or irregular, etc. This invention is also adapted to these various forms of constructions, as can be seen in particular in the non-restricted examples for the purposes of illustration of
Constructions include generally at least one rigid structure (1) erected on at least one bearing element (10), for example as shown in
Bearing Element:
The term “bearing element (10)” can designate both a one-piece and continuous element around the perimeter or inside the perimeter of the edifice, as well as a row of posts (or columns, pilasters, pillars, piers, pylons), of stilts or of portions of discontinuous walls arranged around the perimeter or inside the perimeter of the edifice. This bearing element (10) is arranged to support the structure (1) and makes it possible to distribute the loads in the ground (or the water in the case of a floating structure). Preferably, in the case of a plurality of posts or of discontinuous walls forming spans, a bracing is carried out in order to solidify the edifice. A bent is as such obtained (i.e., braced vertical surface located between two supporting points), for example by crosses of Saint Andrew, a diaphragm tie beam, a chaining or by top plates and posts as detailed hereinafter in reference to
Rigid Structure:
The term “rigid structure (1)” designates here any type of edifice that has, through its nature and/or its arrangement, rigidity and a stability that are sufficient to be erected on a bearing element. As such, the rigid structure (1) generally comprises a chaining, bracing or any mechanism making it possible to provide for its structural rigidity, at least on the lower frame (12) whereon are transferred the loads of the structure (1). Indeed, at least one lower frame (12) is suspended from at least one bearing element (10) and the lower frame (12) must therefore be able to support the rest of the rigid structure (1) by providing for its integrity (i.e. it must be stable in the various directions of the plane or planes in which it is located). The means allowing for this integrity are designated here by the term “chaining”, but once again, in its functional acceptance (therefore whether it is a chaining or any other means). This structure (1) can have various forms according to the construction or the foundation (as shown in the non-restricted examples of
Reference is made in this application to a pivot (11) and a lower frame (12), with the latter also able to be called the walking beam (12), but this is in fact at least one pivot and at least one walking beam and the designation is more functional than structural, which is valid for all of the elements described and for most of the terms used in this application. In particular, the pivot, generally placed on each pane of the roof of the edifice can structurally have as many sides as the structure comprises slopes, or in certain cases as many sides as the edifice, but as the pivot is not necessarily a continuous structure, it can in fact be distributed into several supporting points on the element or the bearing item(s). Indeed, the term “pivot” is used here to show the fact that a bearing element is provided for the suspension means that transfer the load of the structure on the walls and/or in the foundations of the edifice. It is therefore understood that a continuous pivot can be provided, or a pivot comprised of a plurality of supporting points whereon each of which a means of suspension (2) rests can be provided. Likewise, it is understood from the various examples of suspension means (2) provided in this application that the anchoring of the suspension means (2) can form a pivot and that it is not required to provide a particular structure in order to fulfil this function, although it is generally preferred to provide a supporting structure that redistributes the loads exerted by the suspension means on the bearing element.
The lower frame, forming a walking beam in suspension, which is generally a continuous frame at the base of the structure, can structurally have as many sides as the edifice. The term “walking beam” is used here to represent the principle of balancing which is created by closing the frame that forms this walking beam, in order to then redistribute the loads in the bearing element of the edifice thanks to suspension means (2).
In certain embodiments, the walking beam (12) comprises purlins or beams or reinforcements, more preferably parallel to the walls of the bearing element (for example the load-bearing walls of the edifice), but it is possible to orient them differently. The walking beam is either a single piece or is comprised of elements assembled together by means of fastening, more preferably rigid, in such a way as to form a frame. The angles between the purlins, or the slops or portions of the edifice are for example reinforced by means of linking that provide for the rigidity of the angle and the continuity of the frame over the entire periphery of the edifice (circle, square, curve, polygonal or irregular).
Means of Suspension:
The structure (1) suspended from the bearing element (10) by the suspension means (2), and by the intermediary of the lower frame (12), is offset outside of the planes of the periphery of the bearing element (10) and at a level located lower than that of pivots (11). The rigidity of the structure and the disposition of the suspension means (2) make it possible indeed for the structure to be around the perimeter of the bearing element (10) or inside the perimeter of the bearing element (10). The structure comprises at least one slope (several slopes if there are several walls and several portions of slopes if there is only one continuous wall).
The frame of the walking beam (12) is offset outside of the plane or planes of the periphery of the load-bearing walls (10) of the edifice. The structure (1) can cover as such the bearing element by surrounding and covering its top portion (whether façade walls or foundations or others). As mentioned hereinabove, the structure can have various forms and can in particular have a circular periphery and it is understood that the notion of parallelism is then overused and that the walking beam (12) will in fact be concentric to the structure (1). In addition, in certain embodiments, the walking beam (12) is offset outside of the periphery of the bearing element (the walking beam surrounds the bearing element), but in other embodiments, of which a non-restricted example for the purposes of illustration is shown in
The suspension means (2) are generally arranged at regular intervals in order to distribute the loads in the walls and in the ground. Preferably, the suspension means (2) are arranged to suspend the walking beam (12) in relation to the pivot (11) (or at least one supporting point or surface on the bearing element) and to offset it outside of the vertical plane of the bearing element (i.e., of the wall) while still allowing for the distribution of the loads of the structure in the height of the bearing element (i.e., of the load-bearing walls), as for example in diaphragms (wind beams, slabs, or any structures that cannot be deformed) and in the foundations. The offset of the walking beam can be obtained by the arrangement of the rigid structure and/or by the suspension means. In certain embodiments, of which a non-restricted example for the purposes of illustration is shown in
In certain embodiments, of which a non-restricted example for the purposes of illustration is shown in
The suspension means (2) therefore rest on the pivot (11) and advantageously offset the loads of the rigid structure (1) on the bearing element. Each pivot (11), or bearing element, is anchored on the bearing element (10) of the edifice in order to provide support for the structure. Preferably, in certain embodiments, the anchoring of the pivot (11) on the bearing element (10) of the construction (1) is arranged to allow for a slight tipping of the pivot perpendicularly to the plane of the wall, more preferably absorbed by a sealed joint with an absorbing material separating the point of anchoring of the pivot arranged between the anchoring (or rather the load-bearing wall) and the pivot. The pivot (11) can as such remain flexible around the anchoring at the top of the wall and offer a (slight) freedom of movement which facilitates its bearing element function for the offsetting of loads. An anchoring that offers an absorbing of the vibrations in the pivot is therefore more preferably chosen. In order to provide good anchoring, an embedding is generally preferred, which can be provided by sealing in the masonry, via a rigid bolting that is not articulated in the wood, or by a rigid straining piece system, in particular in the case of a pivot as rigger. The pivot will then be provided to be loose around the embedded fastener. For example, a piercing in the pivot with a diameter that is slightly greater than that of the embedded fastener will offer good anchoring while still retaining a slight clearance, for example as shown in
In certain embodiments, the suspension means (2) comprise at least one link articulated between the lower frame (12) and the pivot (11). For example, at least one tie beam (121) can be attached to means of anchoring (L4) forming the pivot (11) in the bearing element (10) and be connected to the lower frame (12), for example as shown in
In certain embodiments, the lever (L) forming at least one portion of the suspension means (2) can be simplified, in particular at the level of its anchoring, as for example shown in
In certain embodiments not shown, the suspension means (2) simply comprise a continuous link that hugs the pivot and that connects the bearing element (10) to the lower frame (12). The link is anchored to the foot (at least in the bottom portion) of the bearing element, by going around the top by bearing against the pivot in order to take the loads of the lower frame. Such a link is flexible in order to absorb the vibrations between the rigid structure and the bearing element or elements.
In certain embodiments, the suspension means (2) comprise elastic means. Such elastic means form absorbers in order to absorb the stresses exerted by the walking beam, in particular when it moves. A first non-restricted example for the purposes of illustration of such an absorbing suspension means (2) is shown in
Means of Stabilization:
Generally, the stabilization means are often mounted between the chaining of the bearing element (10) and the chaining of the rigid structure (1) which is borne, whether this chaining is located at the top, at the bottom or in the middle of the rigid structure (1) borne (and of the bearing element). The shafts (30) of the stabilization means (3) can be mounted between the bearing element (10) and the side walls (13) and/or the ridge beam (14) of the rigid structure, and even on the bottom portion (top plate for example) of this rigid structure but it is generally preferred that the link of the stabilization means be offset in relation to the link of the suspension means. In addition, it can be provided to mount the stabilization means over several different portions of the rigid structure. The ridge beam (14) is generally integral with at least the lower frame (12). It can be made integral with the lower frame via a separate fastener but it is in general integral with the side walls (13) and/or with the bottom portion if it is the only one connected to the stabilization means (3). On the other hand, it may not be integral with these side walls (13) and/or with the bottom portion if the latter are connected to the stabilization means (3). Likewise, if stabilization means are provided between the bearing element and each one of the elements (12, 13, 14) of the rigid structure, it can be considered that these various elements (12, 13, 14) of the rigid structure not be integral with one another, although it is preferred that they be integral for better integrity and resistance of the construction. Preferably, the stabilization means are fixed on the rigid structure at the junction between the side walls (13) and the ridge beam (14), for example as shown in
In certain preferred embodiments of the invention, the stabilization means (3) include means for maintaining (32) that connect each of the shafts (30) to the bearing element (10). In certain embodiments, these means for maintaining (32) comprise elastic means that exert a pre-stress on said shafts (30). As such, the shafts (30) or cross-laths can be pre-stressed or not and exert on the structure forces that make it possible to stabilize it. The absorbing means for maintaining (32) can exert at least one force of thrust, but are more preferably able to exert also a restoring force, in such a way that the cross-laths can exert their stabilizing action regardless of the direction of the force that the structure is subjected to. The stabilization means (3) are more preferably rigid, in order to be able to better transmit the restoring and/or thrust forces exerted by the elastic means for maintaining (32).
As explained in the preamble of this application, the stabilization means form, more preferably, also means of support of the rigid structure. As such, the shafts are more preferably sufficiently rigid to support a portion of the load of the rigid structure, contrary to elastic means. Recall that the notions of rigidity and of elasticity, which are generally relative, here have their definition in the capacity of the rigid means in supporting a load, contrary to absorbers which offer only an elasticity that is not able to bear a load and only capable of absorbing the movement of the latter. As such, the rigid means defined here can naturally have a certain elasticity (according to the type of material used), in particular (and not solely) in the case where the stabilization means are associated with means for maintaining supplying a pre-stress, but that they offer sufficient resistance to support at least one portion of the load that the suspension means are subjected to. Indeed, rigid shafts (30) are generally used as a stabilization means, so that they support the rigid structure in addition to retaining any movements of it. As such, such articulated shafts provide a flexibility to the edifice and retain its movements by fighting against the lateral forces (at least not vertical) but also fight against the load of the rigid structure (of which the force is at least approximately vertical). As such, stabilization means (3) are obtained that form means of support that reinforce the stability and the support supplied by the suspension means. As such, the rigid stabilization means (3) can support a portion of the weight of the rigid structure (1), while still allowing for slight movements thanks to their articulated mounting. In certain embodiments, the means for maintaining (32) comprise rigid elements that support said shafts (30). These elements make it possible to relieve the stabilization means in their support function of the rigid structure. These rigid elements of the means for maintaining (32) are more preferably mounted in an articulated manner between said shafts (30) and said bearing element (10), for example as legs of force of the type of those shown in
In certain embodiments, the shafts (30) of two contiguous portions or slopes of the construction are fixed on the same joint support (33) whereon rests the joint (31) of the shaft (30), as for example shown in
The stabilization means (3) stabilize the structure which is suspended by the intermediary of the walking beam and the suspension means (2). Indeed, the suspension means (L, P) generally offer a flexibility to the structure which is preferable to stabilize horizontally and vertically. In addition, the stabilization means participate more preferably in the elasticity (or flexibility) of the construction (thanks to their articulated mounting of which details are provided hereinafter) and as such complement the suspension means. The terms of elasticity or of flexibility of the construction are used here to refer to the fact that it is particularly adapted (thanks to the suspension and stabilization means) for tolerating a deformation, in particular under the effect of high stresses such as violent winds or earthquakes, but that it tends to naturally return to its original configuration. The stabilization means are sorts of bracing, generally intended to provide for the overall stability with regards to the horizontal, vertical and transverse effects coming from stresses exerted on a construction (for example by winds, earthquakes, landslides, etc.). Here therefore the term of bracing is used to refer to the stabilization function (the elements fight against the forces exerted), although in the field of frames, various types of bracing are generally provided and a distinction is generally made between vertical bracing (intended to transmit the horizontal, vertical and transverse efforts in the closed items and the load-bearing walls) and horizontal bracing (wind beams intended to oppose the effects of flexing or of torsion due to these forces).
In this invention, the stabilization means (or cross-laths or bracing) cross more preferably as a cross-lath over a portion of each slope (bent), but they are generally free in relation to one another and the assembly between two bracing cross-laths is done at the junction between two portions of slope of a roof (in particular in the case of roofs of which the periphery is circular) or at the angle between two slopes (with the two assembled cross-laths forming the tip of an articulated triangle). Preferably, this assembly between two cross-laths is articulated (by a joint (34), referred to as top) on the structure (1) and each cross-lath is also articulated on the bearing element (10) (by a joint (31), referred to as bottom), in order to offer flexibility to their entire structure, making it possible to prevent the rupture stresses. Preferably, the joint (34) of a cross-lath on the ridge beam (14) and/or a side wall (13) is also used for assembly with an adjacent cross-lath (i.e., extending over another portion of a slope, even over another slope), as shown in most of the figures except the examples of
In certain embodiments, the stabilization means (3) forming a support comprise cross-laths (30) mounted (“as cross-lath”) between the walls (10) of the edifice (1) and the ridge beam (14) or the side walls (13) of the structure or even the bottom portion of the structure. In this invention, the means of support (3) only support a portion of the load, and the cross-laths (30) can therefore be arranged independently from one another. However, in certain preferred embodiments, the means of support (3) comprise more preferably cross-laths (30) which are crossed as cross-lath two-by-two over at least one portion of each slope, while still remaining free in relation to one another (they cross but are not linked on their crossing). This crossing of two cross-laths (30) per portion of slope of the roof, arranged in a plane substantially parallel (i.e. approximately parallel) to the plane of this slope, provides for the support of the top of this slope (or at least this portion of slope of the roof) by transferring the loads of this top (i.e., a portion of the ridge beam) on the load-bearing walls (10). It is understood that a plane is spoken of but that the cross-laths that cross on a slope are necessarily slightly offset in relation to one another and are not exactly in the same plane (unless one of the two is curved and of a greater length).
As can be seen particularly in
As can be seen particularly in 5b and 5c, the cross-laths (30) of two contiguous slopes of the roof (or of two contiguous portions of a slope) can be fixed on ridge beam on the same joint (34). Such a joint (34) more preferably authorizes the movements of the cross-laths (30) in rotation around a ball joint articulated in the three degrees of freedom of the space.
The joints (31, 34) of the cross-laths (30) authorize in fact more preferably the movements of rotation of the cross-laths (30) according to the three degrees of freedom of the space, and three degrees of links in the three translations of the space. Such joints (34) can for example be formed by a ball joint connection of which the male portion is integral with the socket wherein one end of the cross-lath (30) is embedded and of which the female portion is linked by embedding to the plate fixed under the ridge beam or on the wall. In certain embodiments of the joints (31) au ridge beam, the female portions of the ball joints can be fixed individually under the same plate and be connected to the male portions of the cross-laths in such a way that each cross-lath can be articulated independently of the others. This is the case in particular for the structures with a tip, regardless of the number of pans. In certain embodiments, a connecting rod articulated horizontally under the plate is used as a fastener for the finger ball joint (three translations and a rotation are linked, leaving free two degrees of freedom) whereon are fixed two cross-laths that are mobile between themselves. This is the case in particular for the joints of which the cross-laths are two-by-two on the same slope of the roof, or on the sharp edge between two adjacent slopes, or over two opposite slopes.
In certain embodiments, the ground beam (33) of the links of the cross-laths on the bearing element comprises a plate fixed by embedding (330) on the purlin top plate or on the chaining of the wall (10) by any means of embedding, such as chemical or mechanical sealing (plates, bolts, frame keys, etc.) of which the orientation opposes the pulling off of the ground beam (33). Such an anchoring (330) can comprise rods integral with the ground beam and arranged in the wall (10) according to an axis symmetrical to the angle of the cross-lath and of the horizontal plane at the top of the wall (30), as for example shown in
Also note that the ground beam (33) and pivot (11) functions can be provided by the same structural means, for example when the ground beam (33) and the pivot (11) are continuous over the entire length of the wall. However, a pivot (11) is preferred comprised of a plurality of supporting points for the suspension means (L, P), separate from one or several ground beam(s) (33) each supporting a cross-lath (30). Indeed, even if a continuous beam (which is not necessarily a single piece) anchored on the top of a wall can form both the pivot (11) and the ground beam (33), the anchoring for these two means is not necessarily the same because the stresses in translation and rotation that they are subjected to are different.
In certain embodiments, the two ends of the cross-laths (30) are mounted in sockets (35) arranged to protect them, as for example can be seen in
It is understood in this application that the invention comprises suspension means and stabilization means. According to various preferred embodiments of the invention, these stabilization means comprise advantageously at least one of the following aspects:
In addition, it is understood that the invention can also take advantage of the combination of these various aspects because the use of stabilization means that form means of support allow for a distribution of the efforts on rigid oblique elements that provide a support and which limit the oscillations even further than an absorber. In addition, the use of means of maintaining on the stabilization means oriented in oblique planes reinforces the stability of these planes of stabilization means. On the other hand, the use of means for maintaining in combination with the stabilization means forming a support allows the means for maintaining to stabilize and support the stabilization means. Finally, the combined use of these 3 aspects provide an optimal solidity and stability, while still offering a flexibility that is able to withstand extreme conditions (such as wind or earthquakes).
Method:
In certain embodiments, the method of implementing a high-resistance construction according to the invention comprises the following steps:
In certain embodiments, the method comprises a step of installing ground beams (33) in order to anchor the stabilization means on the bearing element (10).
In certain embodiments, the method comprises a step of fastening means for maintaining (32) stabilization means on the ground beams (33). In some of these embodiments, the step of fastening the means for maintaining is followed by a step of compression or of tensioning elastic means (32) between the shafts (30) and the ground beams (33) (compression in the case of the means for maintaining that exert a thrust force or tensioning in the case of the means for maintaining that exert a restoring force).
In certain embodiments, the method comprises a step of installing means of support between said bearing element and the rigid structure. As explained hereinabove, these means of support can be arranged between any portion of the bearing element (10) and any portion of the rigid structure (1).
It is understood when reading this application that a construction, referred to as under-stressed, is obtained that offers a stable structure and has the advantage of being particularly resistant to difficult conditions such as violent winds or earthquakes, in particular thanks to its elasticity (i.e., flexibility).
This application describes various technical characteristics and advantages in reference to the figures and/or to various embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical characteristics of a given embodiment can in fact be combined with characteristics of another embodiment unless the contrary is explicitly mentioned or unless it is obvious that these characteristics are incompatible or that the combination does not provide a solution to at least one of the technical problems mentioned in this application. In addition, the technical characteristics described in a given embodiment can be isolated from the other characteristics of this embodiment unless the contrary is explicitly mentioned, in particular because the possible structural adaptations required for such an isolation are within the scope of those skilled in the art thanks to the functional considerations supplied in this description.
It is obvious for those skilled in the art that this invention allows for embodiments in many other specific forms without leaving the scope of the invention as claimed. Consequently, these embodiments must be considered for the purposes of information, but can be modified in the field defined by the scope of the attached claims, and the invention must not be limited to the detailed provided hereinabove.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1256300 | Jun 2012 | FR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2013/051548 | 7/1/2013 | WO | 00 |
