Patent Grant
6915675
The present invention concerns a high thermal efficiency heat exchanger, partially corrugated sheet metal appropriate for constructing said heat exchanger and plant and procedure for obtaining said partially corrugated sheet metal.
More specifically, it concerns an air-air heat exchanger for electrical cabinets with a structure able to guarantee efficient heat exchange between a cold fluid and a hot fluid.
It is a well known fact that an air-air heat exchanger for cooling electrical cabinets generally consists of a plate pack arranged in such a way as to obtain two separate circuits for hot air and cooling air respectively.
The latter eliminates the heat content of the former in a relatively short space of time in relation to the mass flows and the surface area of contact between the fluids and said plate pack.
As the kinetic contribution of the fluid is a determining factor in guaranteeing efficient heat exchange, both circuits are often equipped with a respective means, for example a fan, of rapidly moving the air.
The plate pack is housed inside a casing, usually of metal, positioned next to the metal cabinet to be cooled and in communication with the interior of said cabinet in such a way as to eliminate heat and thus cool the air present in the cabinet.
According to an embodiment known in the art, the plate pack is formed from a single roll of sheet metal, usually aluminium, which is unrolled and then folded into an “accordion” configuration in such a way as to create a number of passages, further circumscribed by the inner surfaces of the casing and strips of insulating material. One problem with this embodiment is that the sheet metal has a flat surface and heat exchange is thus relatively low.
This can be compensated for by increasing the flow rate of the fluid, but this results in considerable energy dispersion due to localised pressure drop in relation to the square of its speed.
Also known in the art is the use of corrugated plate packs offering a higher exchange surface area for the same longitudinal dimensions.
One disadvantage of this technique is that its use is limited to packs consisting of a number of separate superimposed sheets, without them being folded into an “accordion” configuration by unrolling the sheet metal from a roll, as the folding operation would induce longitudinal tension and thus tend to reduce the curvature of the corrugations.
In addition, it is difficult to fold the sheet metal in correspondence to the corrugations and relatively thick material must therefore be used.
A further problem is that in an air-air heat exchanger made from flat sheet metal, the intake and outlet are usually opposite each other on the diagonal of the casing.
The air thus tends to cross the heat exchanger following the shortest possible route, excluding peripheral parts of the casing from the heat exchange process and consequently drastically reducing efficiency.
This invention aims to provide a procedure to obtain partially corrugated sheet metal particularly appropriate for the construction of the heat exchange circuits of heat exchangers.
According to another aspect, this invention aims to provide plant for producing partially corrugated sheet metal.
According to a further aspect, this invention aims to provide partially corrugated sheet metal able to guarantee efficient heat exchange.
According to a final aspect, this invention aims to provide a relatively small lightweight high thermal efficiency heat exchanger, particularly appropriate for cooling electrical cabinets.
This is achieved by means of a procedure for obtaining partially corrugated sheet metal with the features described in the main claim.
The procedure for obtaining partially corrugated sheet metal according to the invention comprises:
According to an advantageous embodiment of this process, a loop control device is provided at the exit from said roller, together with sensors to detect correct infeed of the sheet and transmit the relative signal to an electronic control unit to programme and control the entire procedure.
According to another aspect of this invention, the plant for producing partially corrugated sheet metal comprises the following elements described in order with respect to the infeed of the sheet itself:
According to a further aspect of this invention, the partially corrugated sheet metal comprises a relatively thin metal plate with a number of adjacent corrugated sides linked by flat sections with an alternating curvature in such a way as to form a coil, preferably with a constant pitch.
According to a further aspect of this invention, the high thermal efficiency heat exchanger comprises a casing to house a partially corrugated plate pack with adjacent corrugated sides in such a way as to form a pair of heat exchange circuits for the circulation of fluids and curved edges connecting the two adjacent sides, designed in such a way as to form channels for the passage of said fluids belonging to the respective circuits.
The corrugated sides of the partially corrugated sheet metal guarantee high thermal exchange, due both to the large surface area and to the fact that they induce a vortex movement in the fluids in such a way as to reach all parts of the heat exchanger, guaranteeing that heat exchange takes place even in peripheral zones.
Other features and advantages of the invention will become evident on reading the following description of an embodiment of the invention, given as a non-binding example, with the help of the enclosed drawings in which
In the figures, the reference number 10 generally indicates plant for producing partially corrugated sheet metal 11 according to the invention.
The plant 10 comprises:
Downstream of the press brake 16, the plant typically comprises a shearing machine (not shown in the figures) to cut the partially corrugated sheet metal 11 into pre-established lengths.
The plant is also equipped with sensors (not illustrated) distributed along the path taken by the sheet metal 11 and in correspondence to the previously described elements, electrically connected to an electronic control unit (not illustrated) provided to programme and control the entire procedure.
The roll-holder 12 may consist of an idle reel on a respective support and is designed to feed the plant 10 with the sheet metal 11 on the reel.
According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the sheet metal is aluminium with optimum ductility and deformability and a thickness of, for example, 0.16 millimeters.
Also covered by the invention are, of course, embodiments according to which the sheet is made from other metal or appropriate alloys and of different thickness.
Experiments carried out by the applicant have shown that extremely thin sheet metal as thin as 0.1 mm may be used.
The lateral surface of each of the opposing cylinders 14, 15 has corrugations 21 arranged transversally with respect to the infeed direction of the sheet metal 11, together with flat bands 22.
The cylinders 14, 15 are kinematically connected to any appropriate source of motion, for example, an electric motor (not shown in the drawings).
The cylinders 14, 15 may be designed as transfer devices of the sheet metal 11 to unwind it from the reel 12 and direct it towards the press brake 16. The loop control device 13 located downstream of the reel 12 may comprise a pair of sensors connected to the electronic control unit acting in such a way as to maintain the transfer speed constant.
In certain sections, for example upstream of the press brake 16, the plant 10 may have guides (not illustrated) provided to keep the sheet metal 11 under sufficient tension and correctly oriented along the straight path to be followed within the plant.
The press brake 16 comprises a bed plate 29 supporting guides housing the respective sliding carriages 17, 18 each equipped with gripping means 19, 20 of the sheet metal 11.
In addition, said carriages 17, 18 are connected to a means of movement in turn kinematically connected to a respective source of motion and the electronic control unit.
A punch 35 slides within a special vertical guide 36 in correspondence to the central work position of the carriages 17, 18 and moves largely at right-angles to the direction of movement of the carriages.
A counter punch 37 is aligned with the punch 35 and positioned on the opposite side of the sheet metal 11. The carriages 17, 18 are constrained to move with a straight motion towards each other then apart between a central work position when the distance between them is at a minimum to a reciprocally distant position at the beginning of the folding cycle of the sheet metal 11.
During the folding cycle, the punch 35 is free to move from a stand-by position, distant from the sheet metal 11, to a working position below the plane of the sliding sheet metal.
The counter punch 37 is free to move from a stand-by position distant from the sheet metal 11 to a working position in which it is in contact with the sheet 11 pushed down by the punch 35.
The slide guides are equipped with end stop sensors (not shown) electrically connected to an electronic control unit in order to detect correct operation of the carriages 17, 18, the punch 35 and the counter punch 37 respectively.
The punch 35 may comprise a straight bar with a rounded profile and as long as the width of the sheet metal 11, made from metal with a high surface hardness.
This bar is fixed to the end of a plate 36 mobile in a vertical direction, being connected to appropriate means of drawing and guiding (not illustrated). In the same way, the counter punch 37 comprises a bar fixed to the end of a plate 38 connected to appropriate means of drawing and guiding (not illustrated). The gripping means 19, 20 may consist of grippers to temporarily constrain the sheet metal 11 to the respective carriages 17, 18 during folding.
The procedure to obtain the partially corrugated sheet metal 11 comprises:
Inside the press brake 16, the edges of the sheet metal 11 are held by gripping means 19, 20 while the punch 35 descends towards it until it reaches below the slide plane of the carriages 17, 18, deforming the sheet in correspondence to a flat section (see
At the same time as the punch 35 is lowered, the counter-punch 37 is positioned on opposite side of the sheet metal to that in contact with the punch 35. At this point the sheet metal is folded thanks to the combined action deriving from the movement of the carriages 17, 18 towards each other and the descent of the punch 35 towards the corresponding counter-punch 37.
After the folding phase, the gripping means 19, 20 of the carriages 17, 18 release the partially corrugated sheet metal 11 ready to grip another sheet 11 coming from the loop control device 13. The carriages then move apart (
The partially corrugated sheet metal 11 thus obtained comprises a relatively thin metal plate with a number of adjacent corrugated sides linked by flat sections with an alternating curvature in such a way as to form a coil, preferably with a constant pitch.
Such a structure is particularly appropriate for obtaining a plate pack for an air-air heat exchanger for cooling electrical cabinets.
In this case, the edges of the structure are suitably sealed either manually or automatically in such a way as to define a pair of heat exchange circuits for cooling the air inside an electrical cabinet according to a process known in background art.
Experiments carried out by the applicant have shown that the efficiency of such an air-air heat exchanger is surprisingly higher than what could be expected by a reasonably qualified technician.
Given that a heat exchanger with corrugated walls has a heat exchange surface area about 20-25% greater than a heat exchanger with flat walls, it was found that, for the same external dimensions, an air-air heat exchanger with corrugated walls constructed following the procedure described above has a thermal efficiency more than 40% higher than a heat exchanger with flat walls.
This is due both to the greater length of time the air remains inside the exchange circuits and to the improved distribution of air within the volume enclosed between the two opposite walls.
As previously mentioned, the partially corrugated sheet metal 11 may consist of an aluminium sheet with a thickness of 0.16 millimeters.
The invention may, however, be constructed with a different thickness sheet, in particular, with a sheet as thin as 0.1 mm.
The pitch of the coil may be 10 millimeters while the pitch of the corrugations on the sides is, for example 5 millimeters.
The corrugations, may be 2.5 millimeters deep from crest to bottom. The plate 11 may be up to 900 millimeters wide.
The rounded surface of the punch 35 may have a diameter of 3 millimeters.
All the dimensions previously mentioned are indicative only and do not in any way represent a limitation of this invention.
The invention is described above with reference to a preferred embodiment. However, the invention is obviously open to numerous technically equivalent variations.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| VR2000A0032 | Apr 2000 | IT | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IT01/00188 | 4/13/2001 | WO | 00 | 11/18/2002 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO01/78916 | 10/25/2001 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1749342 | Hazen | Mar 1930 | A |
| 6195874 | Chen et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 32 26 024 | Jan 1984 | DE |
| 34 16 840 | Nov 1985 | DE |
| 0 775 540 | May 1997 | EP |
| WO 95 30867 | Nov 1995 | WO |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20040231386 A1 | Nov 2004 | US |
