Claims
- 1. An emulsifying composition for use in producing solventless slow-set and medium-set cationic bituminous emulsions comprising a blend, prepared at pH levels greater than about 10, of:
- A) 100 parts by weight of lignin,
- B) 75 to 200 parts by weight of a nonionic surfactant, and
- C) 20 to 100 parts by weight of a fatty amine selected from the group consisting of N-alkyl amine, N-alkyl-propane diamine-1.3, N-alkyl-N'-propyl amino-propane diamine-1.3, N-alkyl-N',N'-bis-propyl amino-propane diamine-1.3, N-alkyl-N,N',N'-tri-propyl amino-propane diamine-1.3, and combinations thereof.
- 2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the lignin is a member selected from the group consisting of kraft soft wood lignin, kraft hardwood lignin, bagasse lignin, organosol lignin, desulfonated lignosulfonate, and combinations thereof.
- 3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the nonionic surfactant is a member selected from the group consisting of nonylphenol ethoxylates exhibiting a chain length of 30 to 100 ethylene oxide units, linear C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 ethoxylated fatty alcohols, branched C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 ethoxylated fatty alcohols, ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymers having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 1,000 to about 10,000, polyethoxylated tallow amine containing 5 to 50 ethylene oxide units per molecule, polyethoxylated tallow diamine containing 5 to 50 ethylene oxide units per molecule, and combinations thereof.
- 4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the fatty amine contains a C.sub.8 to C.sub.22 alkyl residue.
- 5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the fatty amine is a member selected from the group consisting of tallow amine, tallow diamine, soya diamine, tall oil diamine, tallow triamine, tallow tetramine, oleyl diamine, coco diamine, linear C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 petroleum-derived diamine, branched C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 petroleum-derived diamine, linear C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 alkylether diamine, branched C.sub.12 -C.sub.8 alkylether diamine, and combinations thereof.
- 6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the pH level is about 10.5 to about 12.5.
- 7. An improved method for enhancing emulsion viscosity in solventless slow-set and medium-set cationic bituminous emulsions, wherein the improvement comprises the addition to the emulsion of a composition comprising a blend, prepared at pH levels greater than about 10, of:
- A) 100 parts by weight of lignin,
- B) 75 to 200 parts by weight of a nonionic surfactant, and
- C) 20 to 100 parts by weight of a fatty amine selected from the group consisting of N-alkyl amine, N-alkyl-propane diamine-1.3, N-alkyl-N'-propyl amino-propane diamine-1.3, N-alkyl-N',N'-bis-propyl amino-propane diamine-1.3, N-alkyl-N,N',N'-tri-propyl amino-propane diamine-1.3, and combinations thereof;
- wherein the composition is acidified to a pH level of about 1.5 to about 4.0 prior to its addition to the emulsion.
- 8. The method of claim 7 wherein the lignin is a member selected from the group consisting of kraft soft wood lignin, kraft hardwood lignin, bagasse lignin, organosol lignin, desulfonated lignosulfonate, and combinations thereof.
- 9. The composition of claim 7 wherein the nonionic surfactant is a member selected from the group consisting of nonylphenol ethoxylates exhibiting a chain length of 30 to 100 ethylene oxide units, linear C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 ethoxylated fatty alcohols, branched C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 ethoxylated fatty alcohols, ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymers having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 1,000 to about 10,000, polyethoxylated tallow amine containing 5 to 50 ethylene oxide units per molecule, polyethoxylated tallow diamine containing 5 to 50 ethylene oxide units per molecule, and combinations thereof.
- 10. The method of claim 7 wherein the fatty amine is a member selected from the group consisting of tallow amine, tallow diamine, soya diamine, tall oil diamine, tallow triamine, tallow tetramine, oleyl diamine, coco diamine, linear C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 petroleum-derived diamine, branched C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 petroleum-derived diamine, linear C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 alkylether diamine, branched C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 alkylether diamine, and combinations thereof.
- 11. The method of claim 7 wherein the composition is prepared at a pH level of about 10.5 to about 12.5.
- 12. An emulsifying composition for use in producing solventless slow-set and medium-set cationic bituminous emulsions comprising a blend, prepared at pH levels greater than about 10, of:
- A) 100 parts by weight of lignin,
- B) 75 to 200 parts by weight of a nonionic surfactant, and
- C) 20 to 100 parts by weight of a fatty amine selected from the group consisting of N-alkyl amine, N-alkyl-propane diamine-1.3, N-alkyl-N'-propyl amino-propane diamine-1.3, N-alkyl-N',N'-bis-propyl amino-propane diamine 1.3, N-alkyl-N,N',N'-tri-propyl amino-propane diamine-1.3, and combinations thereof;
- wherein this mixture is reacted in an addition reaction with
- D) 1.5 to 9.0 parts by weight of formaldehyde
- to produce the emulsifying composition.
- 13. The composition of claim 12 wherein the lignin is a member selected from the group consisting of kraft soft wood lignin, kraft hardwood lignins, bagasse lignins, organosol lignins, desulfonated lignosulfonates, and combinations thereof.
- 14. The composition of claim 12 wherein the nonionic surfactant is a member selected from the group consisting of nonylphenol ethoxylates exhibiting a chain length of 30 to 100 ethylene oxide units, linear C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 ethoxylated fatty alcohols, branched C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 ethoxylated fatty alcohols, ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymers having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 1,000 to about 10,000, polyethoxylated tallow amine containing 5 to 50 ethylene oxide units per molecule, polyethoxylated tallow diamine containing 5 to 50 ethylene oxide units per molecule, and combinations thereof.
- 15. The composition of claim 12 wherein the fatty amine is a member selected from the group consisting of tallow diamine, soya diamine, tall oil diamine, tallow triamine, tallow tetramine, oleyl diamine, coco diamine, linear C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 petroleum-derived diamine, branched C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 petroleum-derived diamine, linear C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 alkylether diamine, branched C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 alkylether diamine, and combinations thereof.
- 16. The composition of claim 12 wherein the pH level is about 10.5 to 11.5.
- 17. An improved method for enhancing emulsion viscosity in solventless slow-set and medium-set cationic bituminous emulsions, wherein the improvement comprises the addition to the emulsion of an emulsifying composition comprising a blend, prepared at pH levels greater than about 10, of:
- A) 100 parts by weight of lignin,
- B) 75 to 200 parts by weight of a nonionic surfactant, and
- C) 20 to 100 parts by weight of a fatty amine selected from the group consisting of N-alkyl amine, N-alkyl-propane diamine-1.3, N-alkyl-N'-propyl amino-propane diamine-1.3, N-alkyl-N',N'-bis-propyl amino-propane diamine-1.3, N-alkyl-N,N',N'-tri-propyl amino-propane diamine 1.3, and combinations thereof;
- wherein this mixture is reacted in an addition reaction with
- D) 1.5 to 9.0 parts by weight of formaldehyde
- to produce the emulsifying composition; and wherein the emulsifying composition is acidified to a pH level of about 1.5 to about 4.0 prior to its addition to the emulsion.
- 18. The method of claim 17 wherein the lignin is a member selected from the group consisting of kraft soft wood lignin, kraft hardwood lignin, bagasse lignin, organosol lignin, desulfonated lignosulfonate, and combinations thereof.
- 19. The composition of claim 17 wherein the nonionic surfactant is a member selected from the group consisting of nonylphenol ethoxylates exhibiting a chain length of 30 to 100 ethylene oxide units, linear C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 ethoxylated fatty alcohols, branched C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 ethoxylated fatty alcohols, ethylene oxide propylene oxide block copolymers having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 1,000 to about 10,000, polyethoxylated tallow amine containing 5 to 50 ethylene oxide units per molecule, polyethoxylated tallow diamine containing 5 to 50 ethylene oxide units per molecule, and combinations thereof.
- 20. The method of claim 17 wherein the fatty amine is a member selected from the group consisting of tallow diamine, soya diamine, tall oil diamine, tallow triamine, tallow tetramine, oleyl diamine, coco diamine, linear C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 petroleum-derived diamine, branched C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 petroleum-derived diamine, linear C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 alkylether diamine, branched C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 alkylether diamine, and combinations thereof.
- 21. The method of claim 17 wherein the composition is prepared at a pH level of about 10.5 to about 12.5.
Parent Case Info
This application is a continuation-in-part of our commonly assigned, co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/082,463 filed Jan. 7, 1998, entitled "High Viscosity Cationic Slow-Set and Medium-Set Emulsions" and now abandoned; which is a continuation-in-part of commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/837,270, filed Apr. 11, 1997, entitled "High Viscosity Cationic Slow-Set and Medium-Set Emulsions", now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (15)
Non-Patent Literature Citations (1)
Entry |
Dobozy, O. Ungarische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Arbeitgruppe fur StraBenbau and Verkehrswesen Budapest: Einiges ober neuartige kationaktive Pitumen-Emulsionen. In: Fette, Seifen, Anstrichmittel, vol. 68, p. 982 (1966). |
Continuation in Parts (2)
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Number |
Date |
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Parent |
082463 |
Jan 1998 |
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Parent |
837270 |
Apr 1997 |
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