Claims
- 1. A homogeneous storage-stable liquid stabilizer system for polyvinyl chloride resins which is substantially solvent-free and has a low viscosity and a minimum flash point of 96.degree. C., consisting essentially of:
- (1) a liquid barium carbonate-alkyl phenate stabilizer;
- (2) a cadmium salt of a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of branched chain aliphatic carboxylic acids having from about five to about thirteen carbon atoms, aromatic carboxylic acids having from about seven to about eleven carbon atoms, and unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids having from about twelve to about twenty-two carbon atoms; and
- (3) a liquid organic triphosphite; the sum of the weight percent of barium and the weight percent of cadmium being at least 13%; and the ratio of the weight percent of cadmium to the weight percent of barium Cd:Ba being within the range from about 0.5:1 to about 1.5:1; the organic triphosphite being in an amount to form a homogeneous storage-stable liquid.
- 2. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 comprising, in addition, at least one member of the group consisting of:
- (a) a soluble zinc salt of a carboxylic acid;
- (b) a soluble phenolic antioxidant;
- (c) a soluble carboxylic acid; and
- (d) a liquid organic acid phosphite.
- 3. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 in which the cadmium salt is a salt of a mixture of aliphatic and aromatic acids.
- 4. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 in which the liquid barium carbonate-alkyl phenate comprises barium carbonate combined with at least one barium alkyl phenate in a nonvolatile organic liquid which acts as a liquefying agent for the carbonate.
- 5. A stabilizer system according to claim 4 in which the organic liquid is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon oils, plasticizers, epoxy esters, and mixtures thereof.
- 6. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 in which the metal ratio of barium carbonate to barium alkyl phenate is a number within the range from 2 to 20.
- 7. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 in which the alkyl phenate residue of the barium alkyl phenate has at least ten up to about one hundred fifty carbon atoms.
- 8. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 in which the ratio of total barium to the organic moiety in the barium carbonate-barium alkyl phenate is greater than the stoichiometric ratio of the neutral barium alkyl phenate.
- 9. A stabilizer system according to claim 8 in which the barium carbonate-barium alkyl phenate is barium carbonate-barium dodecyl phenate containing from 23 to 29% Ba.
- 10. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 in which the cadmium carboxylate salt is a liquid.
- 11. A stabilizer system according to claim 10 in which the cadmium salt is a salt of 2-ethyl hexoic acid and benzoic acid.
- 12. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 in which the cadmium carboxylate salt is liquefied in course of preparation, by carrying out the formation of the salt in the presence of a high-boiling organic solvent for the resulting cadmium carboxylate, this solvent accompanying the salt in the stabilizer system in an amount not exceeding 12% solvent by weight of the stabilizer system, after combination of the liquefied cadmium carboxylate with the other components.
- 13. A stabilizer system according to claim 12 in which the solvent is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons; and aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic alcohols, ether alcohols, and ether alcohol esters; and esters of organic and inorganic acids.
- 14. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 in which the organic triphosphite ester is a liquid over the temperature range from about -10.degree. C. up to about 200.degree. C.
- 15. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 in which the liquid organic triphosphite is defined by the formula: ##STR20## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, and cycloalkyl groups having from one to about thirty carbon atoms.
- 16. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 in which the liquid organic triphosphite is defined by the formula: ##STR21## in which R.sub.4 is a bivalent organic radical selected from the group consisting of alkylene, arylene, aralkylene, alkarylene and cycloalkylene radicals having from two to about thirty carbon atoms, and R.sub.5 is a monovalent organic radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, and cycloalkyl groups having from one to about thirty carbon atoms.
- 17. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 in which the liquid organic triphosphite is defined by the formula: ##STR22## in which R.sub.4 is a bivalent organic radical selected from the group consisting of alkylene, arylene, aralkylene, alkarylene and cycloalkylene radicals having from two to about thirty carbon atoms.
- 18. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 in which the liquid organic triphosphite is defined by the formula: ##STR23## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are selected from the group consisting of aryl, alkyl, aryloxyethyl, alkyloxyethyl, aryloxyethoxyethyl, alkyloxyethoxyethyl and alkyloxypolyethoxyethyl having from about one to about thirty carbon atoms.
- 19. A stabilizer system according to claim 1, comprising, in addition, a liquid organic acid phosphite.
- 20. A stabilizer system according to claim 19 in which the acid phosphite is defined by the formula: ##STR24## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, and cycloalkyl groups having from one to about thirty carbon atoms, and at least one to two of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is hydrogen.
- 21. A stabilizer system according to claim 1, comprising, in addition, a free soluble carboxylic acid.
- 22. A stabilizer system according to claim 21 in which the free soluble carboxylic acid is in an amount not exceeding about 15% by weight of the cadmium carboxylate salt.
- 23. A stabilizer system according to claim 21 in which the soluble carboxylic acid is an unsaturated aliphatic acid.
- 24. A stabilizer system according to claim 1, comprising, in addition, a phenolic antioxidant.
- 25. A stabilizer system according to claim 24 in which the phenolic antioxidant has at least one phenolic hydroxyl group, at least one phenolic nucleus, and from about eight to about three hundred carbon atoms.
- 26. A stabilizer system according to claim 24 in which the phenolic antioxidant is a monocyclic phenol having the structure: ##STR25## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; halogen, and organic radicals containing from one to about thirty carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkaryl, aralkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, and acyl ##STR26## where R' is aryl, alkyl or cycloalkyl;
- x.sub.1 and x.sub.2 are integers from one to four, and the sum of x.sub.1 and x.sub.2 does not exceed six.
- 27. A stabilizer system according to claim 24 in which the antioxidant has the formula: ##STR27## wherein Y is a polyvalent linking group selected from the group consisting of oxygen; carbonyl; aromatic, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon groups and oxyhydrocarbon groups having from one up to twenty carbon atoms;
- Ar is a phenolic nucleus containing at least one free phenolic hydroxyl group up to a total of five;
- m.sub.1 and m.sub.2 are numbers from one to five, and
- n.sub.1 and n.sub.2 are numbers from one to four.
- 28. A stabilizer system according to claim 27 in which Ar is a benzene nucleus.
- 29. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 comprising, in addition, a zinc salt of a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of branched chain aliphatic carboxylic acids having from about five to about thirteen carbon atoms; aromatic carboxylic acids having from about seven to about eleven carbon atoms; and unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids having from about twelve to about twenty-two carbons.
- 30. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 comprising a blend of:
- (a) barium carbonate-barium alkyl phenate in an amount within the range from about 20 to about 40 parts by weight;
- (b) cadmium carboxylate in an amount within the range from about 25 to about 40 parts by weight; and
- (c) organic triphosphite in an amount within the range from about 25 to about 45 parts by weight.
- 31. A stabilizer system according to claim 30 comprising at least one member of the group consisting of:
- (a) zinc carboxylate in an amount within the range from about 1 to about 10 parts by weight;
- (b) phenolic antioxidant in an amount within the range from about 0.01 to about 1 part by weight;
- (c) free carboxylic acid in an amount within the range from about 0.5 to about 5 parts by weight, but in no case more than 15% by weight of the cadmium carboxylate; and
- (d) acid phosphite in an amount within the range from about 0.5 to about 5 parts by weight.
- 32. A stabilizer system according to claim 1 comprising, in addition, at least one member of the group consisting of an additional heat stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride resins and an additional light stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride resins.
- 33. A polyvinyl chloride resin composition having improved resistance to deterioration when heated at 350.degree. F., comprising a polyvinyl chloride resin formed at least in part of the recurring group: ##STR28## and having a chlorine content in excess of 40%, where X is either hydrogen or chlorine; and an amount to enhance the resistance to deterioration of the resin of a stabilizer composition according to claim 1.
- 34. A polyvinyl chloride resin composition in accordance with claim 33 in which the polyvinyl chloride resin is polyvinyl chloride homopolymer.
- 35. A polyvinyl chloride resin composition in accordance with claim 33 in which the polyvinyl chloride resin is a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate.
- 36. A polyvinyl chloride resin composition having improved resistance to deterioration when heated at 350.degree. F., comprising a polyvinyl chloride resin formed at least in part of the recurring group: ##STR29## and having a chloride content in excess of 40%, where X is either hydrogen or chlorine; and an amount to enhance the resistance to deterioration of the resin of a stabilizer composition according to claim 2.
- 37. A polyvinyl chloride resin composition having improved resistance to deterioration when heated at 350.degree. F., comprising a polyvinyl chloride resin formed at least in part of the recurring group: ##STR30## and having a chlorine content in excess of 40%, where X is either hydrogen or chlorine; and an amount to enhance the resistance to deterioration of the resin of a stabilizer composition according to claim 3.
- 38. A polyvinyl chloride resin composition having improved resistance to deterioration when heated at 350.degree. F., comprising a polyvinyl chloride resin formed at least in part of the recurring group: ##STR31## and having a chlorine content in excess of 40%, where X is either hydrogen or chlorine; and an amount to enhance the resistance to deterioration of the resin of a stabilizer composition according to claim 8.
- 39. A polyvinyl chloride resin composition having improved resistance to deterioration when heated at 350.degree. F., comprising a polyvinyl chloride resin formed at least in part of the recurring group: ##STR32## and having a chlorine content in excess of 40%, where X is either hydrogen or chlorine; and an amount to enhance the resistance to deterioration of the resin of a stabilizer composition according to claim 30.
- 40. A polyvinyl chloride resin composition having improved resistance to deterioration when heated at 350.degree. F., comprising a polyvinyl chloride resin formed at least in part of the recurring group: ##STR33## and having a chlorine content in excess of 40% where X is either hydrogen or chlorine; and an amount to enhance the resistance to deterioration of the resin of a stabilizer composition according to claim 31.
- 41. A polyvinyl chloride resin composition according to claim 33 which is formulated as a rigid polyvinyl chloride resin to withstand a processing temperature of at least 375.degree. F.
Parent Case Info
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 128,246, filed Dec. 3, 1987, which in turn is a continuation of Ser. No. 25,894, filed Mar. 13, 1987, which in turn is a continuation of Ser. No. 918,173, filed Oct. 10, 1986, which in turn is a continuation of Ser. No. 804,554, filed Dec. 4, 1985, which in turn is a continuation of Ser. No. 748,523, file June 25, 1985, which in turn is a continuation of Ser. No. 660,818, filed Oct. 15, 1984, which in turn is a continuation of Ser. No. 481,112, filed Apr. 1, 1983, which in turn is a continuation of Ser. No. 396,529, filed July 8, 1982, which in turn is a continuation of Ser. No. 184,452, filed Sept. 5, 1980, all now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (5)
Continuations (9)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
128246 |
Dec 1987 |
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Parent |
25894 |
Mar 1987 |
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Parent |
918173 |
Oct 1986 |
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Parent |
804554 |
Dec 1985 |
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Parent |
748523 |
Jun 1985 |
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Parent |
660818 |
Oct 1984 |
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Parent |
481112 |
Apr 1983 |
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Parent |
396529 |
Jul 1982 |
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Parent |
184452 |
Sep 1980 |
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