Patent Application
20110262688
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a honeycomb structure and a method for manufacturing the honeycomb structure.
2. Discussion of the Background
In recent years, particulate matters (hereinafter, also referred to as PMs) such as soot in exhaust gases that are discharged from internal combustion engines for vehicles such as a bus and a truck, construction equipment and the like, have raised problems as contaminants harmful to the environment and the human body. In order to solve those problems, there have been proposed various particulate filters in which a honeycomb structure made of porous ceramics is used as a filter capable of capturing PMs in exhaust gases to purify the exhaust gases.
As the honeycomb structure of this kind, for example, there is known a honeycomb structure including a plurality of pillar-shaped honeycomb fired bodies combined with one another with an adhesive layer interposed therebetween. Here, the honeycomb fired bodies are each manufactured by carrying out extrusion-molding, degreasing, firing or the like on a mixture including a ceramic raw material such as silicon carbide.
JP-A 2008-179526 discloses a method for manufacturing a honeycomb structure.
According to the manufacturing of the honeycomb structure in JP-A 2008-179526, a rectangular pillar-shaped ceramic block (honeycomb segment joined body) is prepared by combining a plurality of rectangular pillar-shaped honeycomb fired bodies (honeycomb segments) with one another with an adhesive layer interposed therebetween. Then, grinding is carried out in which the periphery of the ceramic block is ground to prepare a ceramic block. Then, the peripheral face of this ceramic block is coated with a sealing material (coating material) to manufacture a honeycomb structure.
The contents of JP-A 2008-179526 are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a honeycomb structure includes a ceramic block and a sealing material layer. The ceramic block includes a plurality of honeycomb fired bodies and adhesive layers. The plurality of honeycomb fired bodies each have cell walls extending along a longitudinal direction of the plurality of honeycomb fired bodies to define cells. The plurality of honeycomb fired bodies includes at least one first-shaped unit and at least one second-shaped unit. The at least one first-shaped unit has a substantially quadrangular shape in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The at least one second-shaped unit has a shape that includes at least a first side, a second side making a substantially right angle with the first side, and an inclined side facing the substantially right angle in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. An outer wall is formed in a peripheral portion of the at least one second-shaped unit. The at least one second-shaped unit is located in a peripheral portion of the ceramic block and is disposed with the second side adjacent to the at least one first-shaped unit. The second side forms a periphery of the at least one second-shaped unit. The second side is longer than a longest side of four sides forming a periphery of the at least one first-shaped unit in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The adhesive layers are interposed between the plurality of honeycomb fired bodies to combine the plurality of honeycomb fired bodies. The sealing material layer is provided on a peripheral face of the ceramic block.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a honeycomb structure includes molding a ceramic raw material to prepare honeycomb molded bodies each including cell walls extending along a longitudinal direction of the honeycomb molded bodies to define cells. The honeycomb molded bodies are fired to prepare honeycomb fired bodies. The honeycomb fired bodies are combined with one another with an adhesive layer interposed between the honeycomb fired bodies to prepare a ceramic block. A sealing material layer is provided on a peripheral face of the ceramic block. In the molding and firing, at least one first-shaped unit and at least one second-shaped unit are prepared. The at least one first-shaped unit has a substantially quadrangular shape in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The at least one second-shaped unit has a shape that includes at least a first side, a second side making a substantially right angle with the first side, and an inclined side facing the substantially right angle in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. An outer wall is formed in a peripheral portion of the at least one second-shaped unit. The second side forming a periphery of the second-shaped unit is longer than a longest side of four sides forming a periphery of the at least one first-shaped unit in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. In the combining, the at least one second-shaped unit is disposed so that the second side is adjacent to the at least one first-shaped unit and that the inclined side forms an outermost periphery of the ceramic block.
A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
The embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding or identical elements throughout the various drawings.
In recent years, a honeycomb structure is installed as a large particulate filter for purifying exhaust gases that are discharged from big cars such as a diesel truck, agricultural machines, construction machines, ships, and locomotives.
As mentioned above, manufacturing of a honeycomb structure involves grinding the periphery of a ceramic block into a specific shape. In the case of manufacturing of a large filter, a ceramic part to be ground in grinding is in a large amount, and therefore, a lot of raw materials are wasted. Further, since ceramics such as silicon carbide has a high hardness, grinding for it requires a long time.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a honeycomb structure that can solve the above-mentioned problems attributed to the grinding and can be preferably used as a large honeycomb structure tends to be obtained.
A honeycomb structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a ceramic block formed by a plurality of honeycomb fired bodies combined with one another with an adhesive layer interposed therebetween, each of the honeycomb fired bodies having a large number of cells placed in parallel with one another in a longitudinal direction with a cell wall therebetween; and a sealing material layer formed on a peripheral face of the ceramic block, wherein the honeycomb fired bodies include a first-shaped unit and a second-shaped unit, the first-shaped unit has a substantially quadrangular shape in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the second-shaped unit has a shape that includes at least a first side, a second side making a substantially right angle with the first side, and an inclined side facing the substantially right angle in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, an outer wall is formed in a peripheral portion of the second-shaped unit, the second-shaped unit is located in a peripheral portion of the ceramic block and is disposed with the second side being adjacent to the first-shaped unit, the honeycomb structure has, in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, a shape in which the second side forming the periphery of the second-shaped unit is longer than the longest side of the four sides forming the periphery of the first-shaped unit in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
The second-shaped unit has a first side and a second side. The first and second sides form a substantially right angle. The side that is adjacent to the first-shaped unit is the second side.
Further, the second side is longer than the longest side of the four sides that form the periphery of the first-shaped unit in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
The second-shaped unit has an inclined side that forms the periphery thereof.
The inclined side is a side facing the substantially right angle made by the first and second sides, and is the longest side.
The inclined side may be a side formed by a circular arc or a side formed by a straight line.
When the inclined side is a side formed by a circular arc, a ceramic block with a shape similar to a substantially round pillar shape, a pillar shape with a substantially racetrack end face, a substantially cylindroid shape, and a pillar shape with a substantially triangular end face whose apexes have a curved line tends to be manufactured by disposing the second-shaped unit so that the side formed by a circular arc is located on the outermost peripheral side.
When the inclined side is a side formed by a straight line, the inclined side has a tilt close to that of a side equivalent to the hypotenuse of a substantially right triangle that includes a right angle made by the first and second sides. Also by disposing the second-shaped unit so that the inclined side formed by a straight line is located on the outermost peripheral side, a ceramic block with a shape similar to a substantially round pillar shape, a pillar shape with a substantially racetrack end face, a substantially cylindroid shape, and a pillar shape with a substantially triangular end face whose apexes have a curved line tends to be manufactured.
Further, by forming a sealing material layer on the peripheral face of the ceramic block, the shape tends to be changed into a substantially round pillar shape, a pillar shape with a substantially racetrack end face, a substantially cylindroid shape, and a pillar shape with a substantially triangular end face whose apexes have a curved line.
Specifically, the honeycomb structure including the second-shaped unit and the first-shaped unit is suitable for being manufactured without grinding. In the manufacturing, no raw materials are wasted and no time for grinding is required. That is, the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention tends to solve the problems attributed to the grinding.
In the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the second side forming the periphery of the second-shaped unit is desirably from about 1.5 times to about 2.5 times longer than the longest side of the four sides forming the periphery of the first-shaped unit in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
When the cross-sectional shape of the second-shaped unit is thus-specified, a ceramic block with a shape similar to a substantially round pillar shape, a pillar shape with a substantially racetrack end face, a substantially cylindroid shape, and a pillar shape with a substantially triangular end face whose apexes have a curved line tends to be manufactured.
In the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the honeycomb fired bodies preferably further include a third-shaped unit, the third-shaped unit preferably has a substantially triangular shape in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the third-shaped unit is desirably located in the peripheral portion of the ceramic block.
When the third-shaped unit is disposed, a ceramic block with a shape more similar to a substantially round pillar shape, a pillar shape with a substantially racetrack end face, a substantially cylindroid shape, and a pillar shape with a substantially triangular end face whose apexes have a curved line tends to be manufactured.
In the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the honeycomb fired bodies is desirably 25 pieces or more.
In the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the honeycomb structure desirably has a substantially circular shape in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and has a diameter of about 190 mm or more.
In the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the large number of cells desirably have a substantially quadrangular shape in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
In the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the large number of cells desirably include a large-capacity cell and a small-capacity cell.
In the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the large-capacity cell and the small-capacity cell desirably have, in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, a substantially quadrangular shape or a substantially quadrangular shape in which at least one portion equivalent to a corner of the quadrangle has a circular-arc shape.
In the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the large-capacity cell desirably has a substantially octagonal shape in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the small-capacity cell has, in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, a substantially quadrangular shape or a substantially quadrangular shape in which at least one portion equivalent to a corner of the quadrangle has a circular-arc shape.
In the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the large-capacity cell and the small-capacity cell desirably have a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction in which each side of the cells is formed by a curved line.
In the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the large number of cells are desirably sealed at either one end thereof.
In the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the honeycomb structure desirably has a substantially circular shape, a substantially racetrack shape, a substantially ellipsoidal shape, or a substantially triangular shape whose apexes have a curved line in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
In the honeycomb structure according to the embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic block desirably has a shape similar to a substantially circular shape, a substantially racetrack shape, a substantially ellipsoidal shape, or a substantially triangular shape whose apexes have a curved line in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
The present inventors manufactured, as the honeycomb fired bodies, units each of which has a shape that includes at least a first side, a second side, and an inclined side in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (hereinafter, a honeycomb fired body with such a shape is referred to as a second-shaped unit, also as a unit with a substantially fan-like cross section or a unit with a substantially trapezoidal cross section).
The present inventors also manufactured units each of which has a substantially quadrangular shape in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (hereinafter, a honeycomb fired body with such a shape is referred to as a first-shaped unit, also as a unit with a substantially quadrangular cross section).
Upon manufacturing a ceramic block using the units with a substantially quadrangular cross section in combination with the units with a substantially fan-like cross section and/or the units with a substantially trapezoidal cross section, the units with a substantially fan-like cross section and/or the units with a substantially trapezoidal cross section were disposed so as to be located in the peripheral portion of the ceramic block, thereby manufacturing a ceramic block with a shape similar to a substantially round pillar shape, a pillar shape with a substantially racetrack end face, a substantially cylindroid shape, and a pillar shape with a substantially triangular end face whose apexes have a curved line.
Here, in the present description, “unit located in the peripheral portion of the ceramic block” means a unit (honeycomb fired body) that constitutes part of the peripheral face of the ceramic block.
Further, the inventors have found that the honeycomb structure tends to be manufactured without grinding when a sealing material layer is formed on the peripheral face of this ceramic block so that the honeycomb structure can be formed into a substantially round pillar shape, a substantially pillar shape with a racetrack end face, a substantially cylindroid shape, and a pillar shape with a substantially triangular end face whose apexes have a curved line.
The inventors have also found that a ceramic block with a shape similar to a substantially round pillar shape, a substantially pillar shape with a racetrack end face, a substantially cylindroid shape, and a pillar shape with a substantially triangular end face whose apexes have a curved line tends to be preferably manufactured when the cross section of the unit with a substantially fan-like cross section and/or the unit with a substantially trapezoidal unit has such a shape that the second side that forms the periphery of the unit with a substantially fan-like cross section and/or the unit with a substantially trapezoidal unit is longer than the longest side of the four sides that form the periphery of the unit with a substantially quadrangular cross section in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
Here, in the present description, the second-shaped unit whose inclined side is a circular arc is referred to as a unit with a substantially fan-like cross section; whereas the second-shaped unit whose inclined side is a straight line is referred to as a unit with a substantially trapezoidal cross section.
The cross section of the honeycomb structure perpendicular to the longitudinal direction does not necessarily have a substantially circular shape, and may have a substantially racetrack shape, a substantially ellipsoidal shape, or a substantially triangular shape whose apexes have a curved line and the like. The cross section of the ceramic block also can be formed into a shape similar to a substantially racetrack shape, a substantially ellipsoidal shape, or a substantially triangular shape whose apexes have a curved line and the like by using the above-mentioned units in combination.
In addition, when the cross section of the ceramic block has a shape similar to a substantially racetrack shape, a substantially ellipsoidal shape, or a substantially triangular shape whose apexes have a curved line and the like, it means that the cross-sectional shape is approximate to each shape although having a projective portion or a recessed portion partly formed from the periphery.
Further, the curved line portion of a substantially triangular shape whose apexes have a curved line means a shape of a part of a circular arc.
The following description will discuss a first embodiment, which is one embodiment of the present invention, with reference to drawings.
In a honeycomb structure 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention illustrated in
In the first-shaped unit 110 illustrated in
Thus, the cell wall 113 functions as a filter for capturing PMs and the like.
The cross section of the first-shaped unit 110 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a substantially quadrangular shape, and the first-shaped unit 110 is a unit with a substantially quadrangular cross section.
Four sides 114 that form the periphery of the above-mentioned substantially quadrangular shape have almost the same length, and the first-shaped unit 110 has a substantially square shape in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
Also in the second-shaped unit 120 illustrated in FIG. 3, a large number of cells 121, plugs 122, and cell walls 123 are provided as in the first-shaped unit 110. Accordingly, the second-shaped unit 120 functions as a filter for capturing PMs and the like.
Further, an outer wall 123a that is constituted by the cell wall is provided in the peripheral portion of the second-shaped unit 120.
The cross section of the second-shaped unit 120 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a first side 124, a second side 125, a third side 127, and an inclined side 126.
The first side 124 and the second side 125 make a substantially right angle with each other, and the inclined side 126 faces the substantially right angle. The inclined side 126 is a circular arc.
Here, in the present description, the “facing the substantially right angle” means that the inclined side is a side other than the two sides that make the substantially right angle.
The third side 127 is a side that connects the inclined side 126 to the first side 124, and is substantially parallel to the second side 125.
Specifically, the second-shaped unit 120 is a unit with a substantially fan-like cross section composed of one circular arc and three straight line portions.
Also in the third-shaped unit 130 illustrated in
The cross section of the third-shaped unit 130 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a substantially triangular shape, so that the third-shaped unit 130 is a unit with a substantially triangular cross section.
Further, the cross section of the third-shaped unit 130 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has an substantially isosceles right triangular shape that includes a substantially right angle made by a first side 134 and a second side 135, and a hypotenuse 136 facing the substantially right angle.
Here, in the present description, the shape of the respective units and the shape of the cells are expressed as substantially triangular shape, substantially quadrangular shape, and the like, but those in the present description are not required to be a strict triangle, quadrangle, and the like formed only by completely straight lines, and may be shapes whose corner(s) (apex(es)) is chamfered with a straight or curved line and which can be almost identified with a triangle, quadrangle, and the like. Further, in the present description, the terms “substantially right angle”, “substantially parallel”, “substantially isosceles right triangle”, and the like do not mean mathematically strict shapes, and include shapes that can be almost identified with shapes of “right angle”, “parallel”, “isosceles right triangle”, and the like.
The following description will discuss an arrangement of the first-shaped units 110, the second-shaped units 120, and the third-shaped units 130 in the honeycomb structure 100, with reference to
The honeycomb structure 100 includes the first-shaped units 110 (the units with a substantially quadrangular cross section) disposed in the center of its cross section. The number of the first-shaped units 110 is 32 pieces.
Eight pieces of the second-shaped units 120 (units with a substantially fan-like cross section) are disposed around the first-shaped units 110. The second-shaped units 120 are each disposed so that the second side 125 is adjacent to the first-shaped unit 110 and that the inclined side 126 forms the peripheral face of the ceramic block. Further, two of the second-shaped units 120 are disposed so that the first sides 124 of the respective second-shaped units 120 are adjacent to each other.
The second side 125 of the second-shaped unit 120 is longer than the side 114 that forms the periphery of the first-shaped unit 110.
Particularly it is desirable that the second side 125 of the second-shaped unit 120 is from about 1.5 times to about 2.5 times longer than the side 114 that forms the periphery of the first-shaped unit 110.
Four pieces of the third-shaped units 130 (units with a substantially triangular cross section) are each disposed in a portion free of the second-shaped unit 120 in the periphery of the first-shaped units 110.
The third-shaped units 130 are each disposed so that the first side 134 and the second side 135 thereof are adjacent to the first-shaped units 110, respectively, and that the hypotenuses 136 of the third-shaped units 130 forms the peripheral face of the ceramic block.
In the honeycomb structure 100, the total number of the honeycomb fired bodies is 44 pieces. Of the total, 32 pieces are the first-shaped units, 8 pieces are the second-shaped units, and 4 pieces are the third-shaped units.
Forty-four pieces of the honeycomb fired bodies are combined with one another with an adhesive layer 101 interposed therebetween to configure a ceramic block 103.
In addition, a sealing material layer 102 is formed on the peripheral face of the ceramic block 103, and thus, the cross section of the honeycomb structure 100 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a substantially circular shape.
Further, this honeycomb structure with a substantially circular cross section has a diameter of about 190 mm or more.
Here, when the cross section of the honeycomb structure perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a substantially racetrack, substantially elliptical, or substantially triangular shape whose apexes have a curved line, it is desirable that the longest line segment of line segments each of which passes through the center of each shape and joints two points on the periphery has a length of about 190 mm or more.
Next, the following description will discuss a method for manufacturing the honeycomb structure according to the present embodiment.
The method for manufacturing the honeycomb structure according to the present embodiment is a method for manufacturing a honeycomb structure, including: molding a ceramic raw material to prepare honeycomb molded bodies each including a large number of cells placed in parallel with one another in a longitudinal direction with a cell wall interposed therebetween; firing the honeycomb molded bodies to prepare honeycomb fired bodies; combining a plurality of the honeycomb fired bodies with one another with an adhesive layer interposed therebetween to prepare a ceramic block; and forming a sealing material layer on a peripheral face of the ceramic block, wherein in the molding and firing, at least a first-shaped unit and a second-shaped unit are prepared, the first-shaped unit has a substantially quadrangular shape in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the second-shaped unit has a shape that includes at least a first side, a second side making a substantially right angle with the first side, and an inclined side facing the substantially right angle in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, an outer wall is formed in a peripheral portion of the second-shaped unit, the second side forming a periphery of the second-shaped unit is longer than the longest side of four sides forming a periphery of the first-shaped unit in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and in the combining, the second-shaped unit is disposed so that the second side is adjacent to the first-shaped unit and that the inclined side forms the an outermost periphery of the ceramic block.
Further, according to the method for manufacturing the honeycomb structure of the present embodiment, in the molding and firing, the second-shaped unit is prepared so that the second side forming the periphery of the second-shaped unit is from about 1.5 times to about 2.5 times longer than the longest side of the four sides forming the periphery of the first-shaped unit in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
Moreover, according to the method for manufacturing the honeycomb structure according to the present embodiment, in the molding and firing, a third-shaped unit having a substantially triangular shape in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is also prepared, and the third-shaped unit is disposed in the peripheral portion of the ceramic block.
The following description will discuss the method for manufacturing the honeycomb structure according to the present embodiment in the order of the process.
Firstly, silicon carbide powders having different average particle diameters as a ceramic raw material are mixed with an organic binder, a liquid-state plasticizer, a lubricant, water, and the like to prepare a wet mixture for manufacturing molded bodies.
Successively, molding is carried out in which the wet mixture is extrusion-molded with an extrusion molding apparatus to prepare honeycomb molded bodies with a specific shape.
In this case, the shape of the die is changed, thereby preparing predetermined numbers of honeycomb molded bodies with a first shape that are to be the first-shaped units, honeycomb molded bodies with a second shape that are to be the second-shaped units, and honeycomb molded bodies with a third shape that are to be the third-shaped units.
In the following processes, the term “honeycomb molded bodies” is intended to refer to these three kinds of honeycomb molded bodies without distinguishing the three.
Next, cutting is carried out in which both ends of the honeycomb molded bodies are cut into a predetermined length with a cutting apparatus, and the cut honeycomb molded bodies are dried with a drying apparatus.
Successively, a plug material paste that is to be a plug in a specific amount is filled into the cells at either one end thereof to seal the cells. Through these processes, honeycomb molded bodies with the sealed cells are manufactured.
Here, the above-mentioned wet mixture can be used as the plug material paste.
Next, degreasing is carried out in which organic matters of the honeycomb molded bodies with the sealed cells are heated in a degreasing furnace. Thus, honeycomb degreased bodies are manufactured. These honeycomb degreased bodies have a shape almost the same as that of the respective honeycomb fired bodies illustrated in
Then, the honeycomb degreased bodies are transported into a firing furnace, and then fired at from about 2000° C. to about 2300° C. under argon atmosphere to manufacture honeycomb fired bodies having shapes illustrated in
In the following processes, the term “honeycomb fired bodies” is intended to refer to these three kinds of honeycomb fired bodies without distinguishing the three.
Subsequently, combining is carried out in which an adhesive paste layer is formed between the honeycomb fired bodies, and then heated and solidified to form an adhesive layer, and thus the honeycomb fired bodies are combined with one another by interposing the adhesive layer therebetween to manufacture a ceramic block.
An adhesive paste containing inorganic fibers and/or a whisker, an inorganic particle, an inorganic binder, and an organic binder is suitably used as the adhesive paste.
In this combining, the first-shaped units are disposed in the center portion, and around them, the second-shaped units and the third-shaped units are disposed, and thus a ceramic block with a cross-sectional shape illustrated in
Particularly, the second-shaped units are each disposed so that the second side thereof is adjacent to the first-shaped unit and that the inclined side thereof forms the outermost periphery of the ceramic block.
Further, the third-shaped units are disposed so that the first and second sides thereof are adjacent to the first-shaped unit and that the hypotenuse thereof forms the outermost periphery of the ceramic block.
Successively, forming sealing material layer is carried out in which a sealing material paste is applied to the peripheral face of the ceramic block, and the sealing material paste is dried and solidified to forma sealing material layer (coat layer). Thus, a substantially round pillar-shaped honeycomb structure is manufactured.
It is to be noted that substantially the same paste as the adhesive paste can be used as the sealing material paste. Through the above-mentioned processes, a honeycomb structure is manufactured.
The following will list the effects of the honeycomb structure of the present embodiment.
(1) In the honeycomb structure of the present embodiment, the inclined side of the second-shaped unit is disposed on the outermost periphery side, so that a ceramic block with a shape similar to a substantially round pillar shape, a substantially pillar shape with a racetrack end face, a substantially cylindroid shape, or a pillar shape with a substantially triangular end face whose apexes have a curved line tends to be manufactured.
Such a honeycomb structure of the present embodiment is suitable for being manufactured without grinding. No raw materials are wasted in the manufacturing, and no time for grinding is required. Therefore, the problems attributed to grinding tend to be solved.
(2) In the honeycomb structure of the present embodiment, the second side that forms the periphery of the second-shaped unit is from about 1.5 times to about 2.5 times longer than the longest side of the four sides that form the periphery of the first-shaped unit in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
Therefore, a ceramic block with a shape more similar to a substantially round pillar shape, a substantially pillar shape with a racetrack end face, a substantially cylindroid shape, or a pillar shape with a substantially triangular end face whose apexes have a curved line tends to be manufactured.
(3) In the honeycomb structure of the present embodiment, since the third-shaped units are disposed, a ceramic block with a shape still more similar to a substantially round pillar shape, a substantially pillar shape with a racetrack end face, a substantially cylindroid shape, or a pillar shape with a substantially triangular end face whose apexes have a curved linetends to be manufactured.
The following description will discuss examples that more specifically disclose the first embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not intended to be limited only by Example.
Extrusion molding was carried out in which a wet mixture including silicon carbide as a main component was extrusion-molded to provide first-shaped raw honeycomb molded bodies with cells unsealed, having a shape almost the same as the shape illustrated in
Subsequently, the raw honeycomb molded bodies were dried to obtain dried honeycomb molded bodies. Then, a paste with the same composition as the raw honeycomb molded bodies was injected into predetermined cells. The dried honeycomb molded bodies with the sealed cells were dried again with a drying apparatus.
Thereafter, degreasing and firing were carried out for the dried honeycomb molded bodies, thereby manufacturing honeycomb fired bodies including a silicon carbide sintered body with a size of 34.3 mm×34.3 mm×150 mm, i.e. the first-shaped units, which has a shape illustrated in
Second-shaped units with a shape illustrated in
The manufactured second-shaped units each have a first side with a 23.8 mm length, a second side with a 67.6 mm length, and a third side with a 16.6 mm length, and an inclined side with a 61.7 mm length. Further, the length in the longitudinal direction of the second-shaped unit is the same as that of the first-shaped unit.
Third-shaped units with a shape illustrated in
The manufactured third-shaped units each have a first side with a 34.3 mm length, a second side with a 34.3 mm length, and a hypotenuse with a 48.3 mm length. Further, the length in the longitudinal direction of the third-shaped unit is the same as that of the first-shaped unit.
Successively, using a heat-resistant adhesive paste containing an alumina fiber and silicon carbide, a plurality of the honeycomb fired bodies were combined with one another by disposing the first-shaped units in the center part, and around them, the second-shaped units and the third-shaped units. Then, the adhesive paste was dried and solidified at 180° C. to form an adhesive layer, and thereby a ceramic block that has a cross-sectional shape composed of eight straight line portions and eight curved line portions alternately connected illustrated in
The “straight line portion” used herein means a portion formed by the two third sides 127 of the second-shaped unit 120 and the adhesive layer disposed therebetween, or the hypotenuse 136 of the third-shaped unit 130.
Subsequently, a sealing material paste with the same composition as the adhesive paste was applied to the peripheral face of the ceramic block. Then, the sealing material paste was dried and solidified at 120° C. to form a sealing material layer to manufacture a round pillar-shaped honeycomb structure.
The honeycomb structure manufactured in the present example was manufactured without grinding, and therefore no raw materials were wasted upon manufacturing the honeycomb structure.
The honeycomb structure has a circular cross-sectional shape and a diameter of 266.7 mm (10.5 inches φ)). The proportion of the area occupied by the units (the honeycomb fired bodies), i.e. the occupancy of the honeycomb fired bodies, in the cross-sectional area was 88%.
The following description will discuss a second embodiment, which is one embodiment of the present invention, with reference to drawings.
A honeycomb structure 200 of the second embodiment of the present invention includes first-shaped units 110, second-shaped units 120, and third-shaped units 130, as in the honeycomb structure 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention.
The honeycomb structure 200 of the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as the honeycomb structure 100 of the first embodiment, except for the number of the first-shaped units.
The total number of the honeycomb fired bodies in this honeycomb structure 200 is 33 pieces. Of the total, 21 pieces are the first-shaped units, 8 pieces are the second-shaped units, and 4 pieces are the third-shaped units.
Thirty-three pieces of the honeycomb fired bodies are combined with one another with an adhesive layer 201 interposed therebetween to configure a ceramic block 203.
In addition, a sealing material layer 202 is formed on the peripheral face of the ceramic block 203, and thus, the cross section of the honeycomb structure 200 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a substantially circular shape.
Further, this substantially circular shape has a diameter of about 190 mm or more.
The manufacturing method of the honeycomb structure of the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the honeycomb structure of the first embodiment of the present invention, and therefore, the detail description thereof is omitted.
The effects of the honeycomb structure of the second embodiment of the present invention are the same as those of the honeycomb structure of the first embodiment of the present invention.
First-shaped units, second-shaped units, and third-shaped units were prepared in the same manner as in example 1, and then, combining was carried out in the same manner as in example 1, and as a result, a ceramic block with a cross-sectional shape illustrated in
Successively, forming sealing material layer was carried out in the same manner as in example 1 to manufacture a round pillar-shaped honeycomb structure.
The cross section of the honeycomb structure manufactured in the present example has a circular shape and a diameter of 228.6 mm (9 inches φ)).
The proportion of the area occupied by the units (the honeycomb fired bodies) , i.e. the occupancy of the honeycomb fired bodies, in the cross-sectional area was 88%.
The following description will discuss a third embodiment, which is one embodiment of the present invention, with reference to drawings.
A honeycomb structure 300 of the third embodiment of the present invention includes first-shaped units 110, second-shaped units 120, and third-shaped units 130, as in the honeycomb structure 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention.
The honeycomb structure 300 of the third embodiment of the present invention is the same as the honeycomb structure 100 of the first embodiment, except for the number of the first-shaped units.
The total number of the honeycomb fired bodies in this honeycomb structure 300 is 57 pieces. Of the total, 45 pieces are the first-shaped units, 8 pieces are the second-shaped units, and 4 pieces are the third-shaped units.
Fifty-seven pieces of honeycomb fired bodies are combined with one another with an adhesive layer 301 interposed therebetween to configure a ceramic block 303.
In addition, a sealing material layer 302 is formed on the peripheral face of the ceramic block 303, and thus, the cross section of the honeycomb structure 300 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a substantially circular shape.
Further, this substantially circular shape has a diameter of about 190 mm or more.
The following will mention the size relationship between the first-shaped unit 110 and the second-shaped unit 120 in the first, second, and third embodiments of the present invention.
The first embodiment of the present invention (see
The second embodiment of the present invention (see
The third embodiment of the present invention (see
The manufacturing method of the honeycomb structure of the third embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the honeycomb structure of the first embodiment of the present invention, and therefore, the detail description thereof is omitted.
The effects of the honeycomb structure of the third embodiment of the present invention are the same as those of the honeycomb structure of the first embodiment of the present invention.
First-shaped units, second-shaped units, and third-shaped units were prepared in the same manner as in example 1, and then, combining was carried out as in example 1, and as a result, a ceramic block with a cross-sectional shape illustrated in
Successively, forming sealing material layer was carried out as in example 1 to manufacture a round pillar-shaped honeycomb structure.
The cross section of the honeycomb structure manufactured in the present example has a circular shape and a diameter of 304.8 mm (12 inches φ).
The proportion of the area occupied by the units (the honeycomb fired bodies) , i.e. the occupancy of the honeycomb fired bodies, in the cross-sectional area was 88%.
In respective embodiments, a unit with a substantially fan-like cross section or a unit with a substantially trapezoidal cross section may be employed as the second-shaped unit.
The respective units with a substantially fan-like cross section and the respective units with a substantially trapezoidal cross section illustrated in the figures include cells that have a quadrangle shape in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
As the second-shaped unit, examples of the shape in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction include: a shape formed by one circular arc and two straight line portions; a shape formed by one circular arc and three straight line portions; a shape formed by one circular arc and four straight line portions, and the like. The number of the circular arc may be two or more, and the number of the straight line portions may be five or more, provided that the shape of the second-shaped unit in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction at least has one circular arc and two straight line portions.
The angle made by the first side 511 and the second side 512 is a substantially right angle, and the inclined side 513 faces the substantially right angle. The inclined side 513 is a circular arc.
The inclined side 513 is connected to the first side 511 and the second side 512.
In a unit with a substantially fan-like cross section 520 illustrated in
The angle made by the first side 521 and the second side 522 is a substantially right angle, and the inclined side 523 faces the substantially right angle. The inclined side 523 is a circular arc.
The third side 524 is a side that connects the inclined side 523 to the first side 521, and is substantially parallel to the second side 522.
The angle made by the first side 531 and the second side 532 is a substantially right angle, and the inclined side 533 faces the substantially right angle. The inclined side 533 is a circular arc.
The third side 534 is a side that connects the inclined side 533 to the first side 531, and is substantially parallel to the second side 532.
The fourth side 535 is a side that connects the inclined side 533 to the second side 532, and is substantially parallel to the first side 531.
As the unit with a substantially trapezoidal cross section, examples of the shape in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction include: a shape formed by four straight line portions; a shape formed by five straight line portions, and the like.
In the shape of the unit with a substantially trapezoidal cross-section, the number of the inclined side may be two or more, and the number of the straight line portion may be six or more, provided that the straight line portions at least include one inclined side and two other sides (first and second sides). Here, the cross-sectional shape of the “unit with a substantially trapezoidal cross section” is not limited to a trapezoidal shape, and may be a substantially polygonal shape such as a substantially pentagonal or substantially hexagonal shape.
The angle made by the first side 611 and the second side 612 is a substantially right angle, and the inclined side 613 faces the substantially right angle. The inclined side 613 is a straight line.
The third side 614 is a side that connects the inclined side 613 to the first side 611, and is substantially parallel to the second side 612.
The angle made by the first side 621 and the second side 622 is a substantially right angle. The inclined side 623 faces the substantially right angle. The inclined side 623 is a straight line.
The third side 624 is a side that connects the inclined side 623 to the first side 621, and is substantially parallel to the second side 622.
The fourth side 625 is a side that connects the inclined side 623 to the second side 622, and is substantially parallel to the first side 621.
Embodiments of the cells in the respective honeycomb fired bodies are not limited to those mentioned in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention.
The honeycomb fired bodies illustrated in these figures each include large-capacity cells whose cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a relatively large area and small-capacity cells whose cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a relatively small area, the large-capacity cells and the small-capacity cells being alternately disposed.
Hereinafter, other embodiments of the cross-sectional shape of the cells of the honeycomb fired bodies are mentioned with reference to these figures.
In a honeycomb fired body 710 illustrated in
The cross section of the large-capacity cells 711a perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a substantially octagonal shape. The cross section of the small-capacity cells 711b perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a substantially quadrangular shape.
Here, the cross section of the small-capacity cells 711b perpendicular to the longitudinal direction may have a shape in which at least one portion equivalent to a corner of the substantially quadrangular shape has a circular-arc shape.
The honeycomb fired body 720 illustrated in
The cross section of the large-capacity cells 721a perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a substantially quadrangular shape in which portions equivalent to the corners have a circular-arc shape. The cross section of the small-capacity cells 721b perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a substantially quadrangular shape.
A honeycomb fired body 730 illustrated in
The large-capacity cells 731a and the small-capacity cells 731b have a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction in which each side of the cells is formed by a curved line.
Specifically, in
In the shape of the cross section of the large-capacity cells 731a, the cell wall 733 is convex from the center to the outside of the cross section of the cell.
Whereas, in the shape of the cross section of the small-capacity cells 731b, the cell wall 733 is convex from the outside to the center of the cross section of the cell.
The cell wall 733 has a wave shape that rises and falls in the horizontal and vertical directions of the cross section of the honeycomb fired body. Mountain portions (portions that exhibits the maximum amplitude in the sine curve) of the wave shape of the adjacent cell walls 733 make their closest approach to one another, whereby large-capacity cells 731a whose cross section is dented outward and small-capacity cells 731b whose cross section is dented inward are formed. The amplitude of the wave shape may be constant or variable, but preferably is constant.
A honeycomb fired body 770 illustrated in
In the honeycomb fired body 770 illustrated in
A honeycomb fired body 780 illustrated in
In the honeycomb fired body 780 illustrated in
Here, the large-capacity cells and the small-capacity cells may have a shape other than the above-mentioned shapes.
When the honeycomb fired bodies include the large-capacity cells and the small-capacity cells, a distance between centers of gravity of adjacently located large-capacity cells in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is desirably substantially equal to a distance between centers of gravity of adjacently located small-capacity cells in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
The “distance between centers of gravity of adjacently located large-capacity cells in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction” means the minimum distance between a center of gravity of a large-capacity cell in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and a center of gravity of an adjacent large-capacity cell in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. On the other hand, the “distance between centers of gravity of adjacently located small-capacity cells in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction” means the minimum distance between a center of gravity of a small-capacity cell in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and a center of gravity of an adjacent small-capacity cell in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
When the two distances between centers of gravity are substantially equal to each other, heat tends to diffuse homogeneously upon regeneration of a honeycomb structure, whereby a local dispersion of temperature disappears in the honeycomb structure. Hence, such a honeycomb structure being excellent in durability, i.e. where no cracks and the like appear due to a thermal stress even if it is repeatedly used for a long period of time, tends to be obtained.
The case where the cells in the honeycomb fired body are composed of the large-capacity cells and the small-capacity cells is mentioned above with the first-shaped unit taken as an example, but the second- or third-shaped units may include a large-capacity cell and a small-capacity cell.
Second-shaped units 810, 820, 830, 870, and 880 illustrated in these figures include large-capacity cells 811a, 821a, 831a, 871a, and 881a, and small-capacity cells 811b, 821b, 831b, 871b, and 881b, respectively. The respective large-capacity cells 811a, 821a, 831a, 871a, and 881a, and the respective small-capacity cells 811b, 821b, 831b, 871b, and 881b, are alternately disposed.
The shapes of the large-capacity cells and the small-capacity cells are the same as in the first-shaped unit, and therefore the detail description thereof is omitted.
Third-shaped units 910, 920, 930, 970, and 980 illustrated in these figures include large-capacity cells 911a, 921a, 931a, 971a, and 981a, and small-capacity cells 911b, 921b, 931b, 971b, and 981b, respectively. The respective large-capacity cells 911a, 921a, 931a, 971a, and 981a, and the respective small-capacity cells 911b, 921b, 931b, 971b, and 981b, are alternately disposed.
The shapes of the large-capacity cells and the small-capacity cells are the same as in the first-shaped unit mentioned above, and therefore the detail description thereof is omitted.
The honeycomb structure according to the embodiments of the present invention does not necessarily include the third-shaped unit whose cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a substantially triangular shape.
A honeycomb structure 400 illustrated in
The honeycomb structure 400 with such a shape is also included in the honeycomb structure of the embodiments of the present invention, but the honeycomb structure including the third-shaped units is better in view of easy increase in effective filtration area of the honeycomb structure.
The shape of the honeycomb structure according to the embodiments of the present invention is not especially limited to a substantially round pillar shape, and may have any desired pillar shape such as a substantially cylindroid shape, a substantially pillar shape with a racetrack end face, a pillar shape with a substantially triangular end face whose apexes have a curved line, and a substantially polygonal pillar shape.
The porosity of the honeycomb fired body is not particularly limited, and is desirably from about 35% to about 60%.
When the honeycomb structure that is configured by the honeycomb fired bodies is used as a filter, a porosity of the honeycomb fired body of about 35% or more is less likely to cause clogging in the honeycomb fired body, while a porosity of the honeycomb fired body of about 60% or less is less likely to cause a decrease in strength of the honeycomb fired body with the result that the honeycomb fired body is less likely to be broken.
The average pore diameter of the honeycomb fired body is desirably from about 5 μm to about 30 μm.
When the honeycomb structure that is configured by the honeycomb fired bodies is used as a filter, an average pore diameter of the honeycomb fired body of about 5 μm or more is less likely to cause clogging of particulates. On the other hand, the honeycomb fired body with an average pore diameter of about 30 μm or less is less likely to allow particulates to pass through the pores, and as a result, it tends to certainly function as a filter.
Here, the above-mentioned porosity and pore diameter can be measured through known mercury porosimetry.
The cell wall thickness of the honeycomb fired body is not particularly limited, and desirably is from about 0.2 mm to about 0.4 mm.
If the thickness of the cell wall is about 0.2 mm or more, the cell wall is less likely to be thin so that it is likely to maintain the strength of the honeycomb fired body; whereas if the thickness of the cell wall is about 0.4 mm or less, increases in pressure loss of the honeycomb structure is less likely to be caused.
The cell density in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the honeycomb fired body is not particularly limited. A desirable lower limit is about 31 pcs/cm2 (about 200 pcs/in2) and a desirable upper limit is about 93 pcs/cm2 (about 600 pcs/in2). A more desirable lower limit is about 38.8 pcs/cm2 (about 250 pcs/in2) and a more desirable upper limit is about 77.5 pcs/cm2 (about 500 pcs/in2).
The proportion of the area occupied by the units (the honeycomb fired bodies) in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the honeycomb structure, i.e. the occupancy of the honeycomb fired bodies, is desirably about 85% or more, and more desirably about 88% or more. As the occupancy of the honeycomb fired bodies in the honeycomb structure becomes higher, the filtration area increases, and thus, the purifying performance for exhaust gases is likely to be enhanced.
The main component of the constitutional material of the honeycomb fired body is not limited to silicon carbide, and may be the following ceramics: nitride ceramics such as aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, and titanium nitride; carbide ceramics such as zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, and tungsten carbide; oxide ceramics such as alumina, zirconia, cordierite, mulite, aluminum titanate; and the like.
Among these components, non-oxide ceramics are preferable, and silicon carbide is particularly preferable. This is because they are excellent in thermal resistance, mechanical strength, thermal conductivity and the like. Moreover, silicon-containing silicon carbide in which silicon carbide is blended with metallic silicon is preferably used for the same reason.
A catalyst may be supported on the honeycomb structure according to the embodiments of the present invention.
When a catalyst capable of converting harmful gaseous components such as CO, HC, and NOx in an exhaust gas is supported on the honeycomb structure, the harmful gaseous components in the exhaust gas can be converted sufficiently by catalytic reaction. Moreover, when a catalyst for assisting combustion of PMs is supported on the honeycomb structure, the PMs can be more easily burned and removed.
The honeycomb structure (honeycomb filter) with cells sealed at either one end thereof is mentioned as the honeycomb structure according to the embodiments of the present invention; however, in the honeycomb structure according to the embodiments of the present invention, the cells are not necessarily sealed at an end thereof. This honeycomb structure according to the embodiments of the present invention can be suitably used as a catalyst supporting carrier.
In the method for manufacturing the honeycomb structure according to the embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the ceramic block by disposing the honeycomb fired bodies at predetermined positions is not especially limited. The following method can be employed, for example.
Firstly, a plurality of honeycomb fired bodies are placed in parallel with one another in columns and rows, with a spacer interposed therebetween, thereby preparing a parallel-arranged body of the honeycomb fired bodies whose cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof has a shape almost the same as that of a ceramic block to be manufactured.
In this case, a gap corresponding to the thickness of the spacer is formed between the honeycomb fired bodies.
Successively, the parallel-arranged body of the honeycomb fired bodies is placed inside a filling apparatus including a tubiform with a substantially cylindrical shape and the like, and the gap formed between the honeycomb fired bodies and the gap formed between the parallel-arranged body and the tubiform are filled with a sealing material paste.
The filling apparatus is provided with the tubiform having a substantially cylindrical shape and the like and a sealing material paste supply device. The tubiform has an inner diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the parallel-arranged body of the honeycomb fired bodies to be disposed thereinside, and is so configured that a gap is formed between the tubiform and the parallel-arranged body of the honeycomb fired bodies when the parallel-arranged body is disposed in the inner space of the tubiform.
The sealing material paste supply device is so configured to allow simultaneously filling a space between the honeycomb fired bodies and a space between the tubiform and the parallel-arranged body with a sealing material paste accommodated in a sealing material paste container.
With the parallel-arranged body of the honeycomb fired bodies and the filling apparatus, the sealing material paste is filled into the space between the honeycomb fired bodies and the space between the tubiform and the parallel-arranged body. Successively, the sealing material paste is dried and solidified to simultaneously form an adhesive layer between the honeycomb fired bodies and a sealing material layer (coat layer).
Specifically, the above-mentioned method is a method including simultaneously carrying out combining in which a ceramic block is prepared and forming sealing material layer in which a sealing material layer is formed on the peripheral face of the ceramic block.
Further, in the method for manufacturing the honeycomb structure according to the embodiments of the present invention, for example, the following method may be employed as the method for preparing a ceramic block by disposing the honeycomb fired bodies at predetermined positions.
The following description will discuss a method for preparing a ceramic block by exemplifying the case of preparing the ceramic block illustrated in
Firstly, an adhesive paste is applied to the side surface of the first-shaped unit 110 to form an adhesive paste layer. Then, another first-shaped unit 110 is piled up on this adhesive paste layer and this operation is repeated.
Next, an adhesive paste is applied to a portion free of the second-shaped unit 120 in the periphery of the first-shaped units 110 in
Then, the third-shaped units 130 are each fitted into the periphery of the first-shaped units 110 so that the first side 134 and the second side 135 of the third-shaped unit 130 are adjacent to the first-shaped units 110, respectively, with the adhesive paste layer therebetween.
Successively, an adhesive paste is applied to a portion free of the third-shaped unit 130 in the periphery of the first-shaped units 110 in
Then, the second-shaped units 120 are each fitted into the periphery of the first-shaped units 110 so that the second side 125 of the second-shaped unit is adjacent to the first-shaped unit 110 and that the first sides 124 of two second-shaped units 120 are adjacent to each other.
In this case, an adhesive paste is applied also to the first sides of the adjacent two second-shaped units 120, thereby forming an adhesive paste layer.
Thus, a ceramic block with a cross-sectional shape illustrated in
Successively, forming sealing material layer is carried out in which a sealing material paste is applied to the peripheral face of the ceramic block, and then dried and solidified to form a sealing material layer (coat layer) to manufacture a substantially round pillar-shaped honeycomb structure.
Specifically, the above-mentioned method is a method including independently carrying out combining in which a ceramic block is prepared and forming sealing material layer in which a sealing material layer is formed on the peripheral face of the ceramic block.
Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2010/057181 | Apr 2010 | JP | national |
The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to International Application No. PCT/JP2010/057181 filed on Apr. 22, 2010, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
