1. The Field of the Invention
This invention relates to security systems and, more particularly, to novel systems and methods for securing personal property or other items.
2. The Background Art
Traditional padlocks include a U-shaped shackle. However, there are situations or applications where a U-shaped shackle may be unsuitable. Accordingly, what is need are improved shackles capable of securing items that are not well suited to traditional shackles.
In view of the foregoing, in accordance with the invention as embodied and broadly described herein, a method and apparatus are disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention as including a lock protecting an item from theft, unauthorized use, unauthorized access, unwanted removal, or the like. In selected embodiments, a lock may comprise a padlock having a base and a shackle. A base may include a latching mechanism selectively controlling movement of a shackle.
A shackle may enable a lock to selectively engage and disengage one or more items or apertures therein. A shackle in accordance with the present invention may include two “vertical” members and a “horizontal” member. The vertical members may extend a selected distance away from a base. The horizontal member may comprise a straight shackle section extending between the vertical members.
In selected embodiments, each vertical member may include both an exterior portion and an interior portion. When a lock in accordance with the present invention is fully assembled and locked, the exterior portions of the vertical members may be positioned outside a corresponding base, while the interior portions may be received within corresponding apertures formed within the base.
A horizontal member may engage respective vertical members in any suitable manner. In certain embodiments, each exterior portion of each vertical member may include an aperture for receiving a corresponding end of a horizontal member. An end of a horizontal member may engage a corresponding aperture with any one of a slip fit, locking engagement, permanent engagement, or the like.
For example, one end of the horizontal member may engage one vertical member with a substantially permanent engagement (e.g., an engagement that cannot be easily or non-destructively released). The other end of the horizontal member may engage the other vertical member with a locking engagement. In certain embodiments, a circumferential groove and a lateral groove may be formed in one end of a horizontal member. A fixed or permanent extension (e.g., pin) may extend from a vertical member to engage the circumferential groove. This locking engagement may improve the strength of the securement provided by the lock, making it more resistant to prying or the like.
However, when the vertical member is released from the base, the vertical member may pivot about the end of the horizontal member until the extension is aligned with the lateral groove. At this location of alignment, the extension may pass, via the lateral groove, out of the circumferential groove and the vertical member may separate from the horizontal member. Once one or more items have been engaged by a shackle or removed therefrom, the process may be reserved.
The foregoing features of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are, therefore, not to be considered limiting of its scope, the invention will be described with additional specificity and detail through use of the accompanying drawings in which:
It will be readily understood that the components of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following more detailed description of the embodiments of the system and method of the present invention, as represented in the drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of various embodiments of the invention. The illustrated embodiments of the invention will be best understood by reference to the drawings, wherein like parts are designated by like numerals throughout.
Referring to
A lock 10 may protect an item (e.g., valuable portable article, door, lid, or the like) from theft, unwanted removal, unauthorized use, unauthorized access, or the like. In selected embodiments, a lock 10 may be configured as a padlock having a base 12 and a shackle 14. A base 12 may include a latching mechanism selectively controlling movement of a shackle 14. A latching mechanism may be activated or actuated in any suitable manner. For example, a latching mechanism may be key activated. Alternatively, a latching mechanism may be activated (or deactivated) by entering a correct combination, password, or the like. In other embodiments, still other mechanisms or systems for controlling a latching mechanism may be employed.
A shackle 14 may enable a lock 10 to selectively engage and disengage one or more items or apertures therein. For example, a shackle 14 may enable a lock 10 to pass through a latch to secure a door, lid, or the like in a closed configuration. The shape of an item or items being secured may necessitate a shackle 14 of a particular shape or configuration. For example, in certain applications, a conventional curved or U-shaped shackle may be unsuitable. Accordingly, in certain applications, a horizontal or linear shackle 14 may be utilized.
A shackle 14 in accordance with the present invention may include a first member 16a, a second member 16b, and a third member 18. In selected embodiments, first and second members 16a, 16b may be considered to be “vertical” members 16a, 16b, while the third member 18 may be considered a crossing or “horizontal” member 18. First and second members 16a, 16b may extend a selected distance 20 in the longitudinal direction 11a from a base 12. The first and second members 16a, 16b may be spaced a selected distance 22 in the lateral direction 11b from one another. A third member 18 may comprise a horizontal shackle or straight shackle section extending between respective first and second members 16a, 16b.
The various sections or members 16a, 16b, 18 of a shackle 14 may have any suitable configuration or shape. The shape of the various members 16a, 16b, 18 may be determined by their respective functions. For example, in many applications, a third member 18 may comprise the portion of a shackle 14 that passes through one or more items being secured. Accordingly, since many apertures engaged by a padlock 10 are circular, a third member 18 may have a circular cross-section (e.g., have a generally cylindrical shape). Alternative, or in addition thereto, one of the other members 16a, 16b may comprise the portion of a shackle 14 that passes through one or more items being secured. Accordingly, one or both of the other members 16a, 16b may also have a circular cross-section or a generally cylindrical shape.
The various components of a lock 10 in accordance with the present invention may be formed of any suitable materials. Suitable materials may be selected to provide a desired durability, strength, rigidity, toughness, or the like. For example, in selected embodiments, one or more of the components of a lock 10 may be formed of a polymer material. However, in other embodiments where greater stresses are expected, such components may be formed of a metal or metal alloy.
Referring to
An exterior portion 24a, 24b may be connected to a corresponding interior portion 26a, 26b in any suitable manner. For example, in selected embodiments, an interior portion 26a, 26b may be a monolithic extension of a corresponding exterior portion 24a, 24b. That is, the exterior and interior portions 24a, 24b, 26a, 26b may be machined, cast, or otherwise formed of a single continuous and seamless piece of material. Alternatively, exterior portions 24a, 24b may be connected to corresponding interior portions 26a, 26b through the use of swaging, interference fits, threads, welds, bonding agents, fasteners, keyways, or the like or combinations thereof.
A latching mechanism of a base 12 may include one or more latches 34 configured to engage corresponding structures 36 or apertures 36 of the interior portions 26a, 26b to directly secure one or both of the interior portions 26a, 26b with the apertures 28a, 28b. Accordingly, the interior portions 26a, 26b of one or both vertical members 16a, 16b may include one or more of such structures 36 or apertures 36. In selected embodiments, the interior portions 26a, 26b of the vertical members 16a, 16b may be substantially identical (e.g., mirror images of one another). For example, either vertical members 16a, 16b may be inserted within either aperture 28a, 28b. Alternatively, each of the interior portions 26a, 26b may configured differently to provide or support specific functionality corresponding thereto.
In certain embodiments, once released by a latching mechanism, an entire shackle 14 may be removed from a corresponding base 12. In other embodiments (see e.g.,
Referring to
For example, in the illustrated embodiment, one end of the horizontal member 18 engages one vertical member 16a with a substantially permanent engagement and the other vertical member 16b with a selectively locking engagement. A permanent engagement between a horizontal member 18 and a vertical member 16a may be accomplished in any suitable manner. A permanent engagement may employ monolithic formation (e.g., machining an exterior portion 24a, 24b and horizontal member 18 from a single continuous and seamless piece of material), swaging, interference fits, threads, welds, bonding agents, fasteners (e.g., pins, keys, screws, bolts), keyways (e.g. grooves, flats), or the like or combinations thereof. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, a substantially permanent engagement comprises a fixed or permanent extension 40a (e.g., pin 40a) extending to engage a groove 42 formed in a corresponding end of the horizontal member 18 and resist removal of the horizontal member 18 from the corresponding vertical member 16a.
A locking engagement between a horizontal member 18 and a vertical member 16b may be accomplished in any suitable manner. A locking engagement may employ threads, fasteners (e.g., pins, keys, screws, bolts), keyways (e.g. grooves, flats), or the like or combinations thereof. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, one end of a horizontal member 18 may include a circumferential groove 44 and a lateral groove 46. A circumferential groove 44 may extend circumferentially about a horizontal member 18 proximate one end. A lateral groove 46 may extend in the lateral direction 11b from a circumferential groove 44 to a proximate end of the horizontal member 18. A locking engagement may comprise a fixed or permanent extension 40b (e.g., pin 40b) extending to engage the circumferential groove 44, while the lateral groove 46 may provide a location for the extension 40b to exit the circumferential groove 44 when desired.
That is, when a shackle 14 is locked with respect to a base 12, an extension 40b and circumferential groove 44 may interact to effectively lock a horizontal member 18 to a corresponding vertical member 16b. This locking may improve the strength of the securement provided by the lock 10, making it more resistant to tampering (e.g., prying).
However, when the vertical member 16b is released from the base 12, the vertical member 16b may pivot about the corresponding end of the horizontal member 18 (e.g., rotate about an axis extending parallel to the lateral direction 11b) until the extension 40b is aligned with the lateral groove 46. At this location of alignment, the extension 40b may pass, via the lateral groove 46, out of the circumferential groove 44 and the vertical member 16a may separate from the horizontal member 18. In selected embodiments, a lateral groove 46 may be located opposite (e.g., 180 degrees of rotation from) the extension 40b when the shackle 14 is locked with respect to a corresponding base 12.
Accordingly, in operation, a user may release (e.g., with a key, combination, or the like) a latching mechanism and free a shackle 14 from a base 12. With a vertical member 16b free to move with respect to the base 12, the vertical member 16b may be rotated about the corresponding end of the horizontal member 18 until the extension 40b is aligned with the lateral groove 46. The extension 40b may then travel along the lateral groove 46 as the user pulls the vertical member 16b off the end of the horizontal member 18.
Once one or more items have been engaged by a shackle 14 or removed therefrom, the shackle 14 may be reassembled and locked with respect to a base 12. This may be accomplished by aligning the extension 40b with the lateral groove 46 and then advancing the end of the horizontal member 18 into the lateral aperture 38 in the corresponding vertical member 16b. When the extension 40b reaches the circumferential groove 44, the vertical member 16b may be rotated about the end of the horizontal member 18 until the shackle 14 is ready to be inserted into the base 12. As the shackle 14 is inserted into the base 12, it may be engaged and secured by a latching mechanism. In this locked configuration, the extension 40b and circumferential groove 44 may interact to bind the vertical and horizontal members 16a, 18 together.
Referring to
For example, a base 12 may have a particular geometry, profile, or design. Accordingly, as shown in the illustrated embodiment, one or both exterior portions 24a, 24b of corresponding vertical members 16a, 16b may be shaped to match (e.g., form an extension of or complement to) the geometry, profile, or design of the base 12. This may improve the aesthetic of the lock 10, improve the strength of the vertical members 16a, 16b, reduce the length of the horizontal member 18 exposed to cutting or prying, or the like or some combination thereof.
Referring to
Referring to
In selected embodiments, a horizontal member 18 may be configured to selectively move with respect to the rest of a shackle 14. For example, a horizontal member 18 may selectively translate in the lateral direction 11b between a closed position 50 and an open position 52. A shackle 14 may include a latch selectively securing the horizontal member 18 in the closed position.
For example, a shackle 14 may include an interference member 54 selectively traveling (e.g., translating) within an aperture 56 (e.g., an aperture 56 formed within an exterior portion 24b of a vertical member 16b). When aligned with and inserted within a corresponding interference aperture 58 formed in a horizontal member 18, an interference member 54 may lock the horizontal member 18 in a closed position 50.
In certain embodiments, an interference member 54 may, when not aligned with an interference aperture 58, extending from a corresponding exterior portion 24b. This extension may prevent the shackle 14 from fully engaging a base 12. Accordingly, the shackle 14 may be prevented from engaging a base 12 when the horizontal member 18 is not properly secured in the closed position 50.
Additionally, when a horizontal member 18 is in the closed position 50, an interference members 54 is aligned with and inserted within a corresponding interference aperture 58, and the shackle 14 is locked to a base 12, the base 12 (e.g., a top surface 32 of the base 12) may block the interference member 54 from exiting the interference aperture 58. This may lock the horizontal member 18 in the closed position 50. Accordingly, the horizontal member 18 may transition to an open position 52 only when the shackle 14 has been released by the base 12.
In selected embodiments, an extension 40b may control or limit the motion of a horizontal member 18 with respect to a particular exterior portion 14b. For example, a horizontal member 18 may include a slot 60 extending in the lateral direction 11b. An extension 40b may extending into the slot 60. Interference or abutment between the extension 40b and the borders of the slot 60 may define the permissible motion of the horizontal member 18 with respect to the exterior portion 24b. For example, contact between an extension 40b and the sides of a slot 60 may resist rotation of a horizontal member 18 with respect to a corresponding exterior portion 24b. Similarly, contact between an extension 40b and an end of the slot 60 may resist separation of a horizontal member 18 from a corresponding exterior portion 24b.
A shackle 14 may include a biasing mechanism biasing a horizontal member 18 toward or away from one position 50 or another 52. For example, a biasing mechanism may comprise a spring (e.g., coil spring) positioned within a lateral aperture 38 and biasing a horizontal member 18 away from a closed position 50, thereby facilitating a transition of the horizontal member 18 to an open position 52. Alternatively, a biasing mechanism may comprise two magnets 62a, 62b. One magnet 62a may be positioned within a lateral aperture 38. The other magnet 62b may be positioned in a corresponding end of a horizontal member 18. By orienting the magnets 62a, 62b to repel one another, a horizontal member 18 may be biased away from the closed position 50. Conversely, by orienting the magnets 62a, 62b to attract one another, a horizontal member 18 may be biased toward the closed position 50.
Referring to
A vertical member 16a, 16b or portion thereof may be configured to selectively move with respect to the rest of a shackle 14. For example, one or more interior portions 26a, 26b may be configured to selectively travel (e.g., translate) within an aperture 64 formed within a corresponding exterior portion 24a, 24b. In selected embodiments, this motion of an interior portion 26a, 26b with respect to a corresponding exterior portion 24a, 24b may provide a mechanism for securing a horizontal member 18 or elements thereof 18a, 18b in place (e.g., in a closed position 50).
For example, an interior portion 26a, 26b may selectively move through a range of motion within a corresponding aperture 64. In selected embodiments, a range of motion of an interior portion 26a, 26b may include a blocking portion and a non-blocking portion. A blocking portion may include one or more blocking positions 66 of an interior portion 26a, 26b. A non-blocking portion may include one or more non-blocking positions 68 of an interior portion 26a, 26b.
That is, a shackle 14 may include one or more elements 18a, 18b (e.g., balls 18a, 18b) corresponding to a horizontal member 18. Each lateral aperture 38 may contain, or partially contain, a corresponding element 18a, 18b. Each element 18a, 18b may extend from a corresponding lateral aperture 38 to engage an item to be secured by the lock 10.
In a blocking position 66, an interior portion 26a, 26b may block a horizontal member 18 or element 18a, 18b thereof from moving out of engagement with an item. Conversely, in a non-blocking position 66, a recess 70, aperture 70, or the like of an interior portion 26a, 26b may permit a horizontal member 18 or element 18a, 18b thereof to move within a corresponding lateral aperture 38. Accordingly, with an interior portion 26a, 26b in a non-blocking position 68, a horizontal member 18 or element 18a, 18b thereof may move out of engagement with an item.
By engaging one or more interior portions 26a, 26b, a base 12 may control or limit the motion of the one or more interior portions 26a, 26b with respect to the rest of a shackle 14. Accordingly, a base 12 may secure or lock one or more interior portions 26a, 26b in their respective blocking positions 66. Thus, when a shackle 12 is locked by a base 12, a horizontal member 18 or the elements 18a, 18b thereof may be locked in an closed position 66 (e.g., an extended, deployed, or engaged position).
With an interior portion 26a, 26b blocking one end of a lateral aperture 38, the other end of the lateral aperture 38 may include one or more constrictions to prevent a corresponding element 18a, 18b from completely exiting the aperture 38. One or more constrictions may be formed in an initial machining process, casting process, molding process, or the like. Alternatively, or in addition thereto, one or more constrictions may be formed or installed in an assembly process.
For example, in selected embodiments, after an element 18a, 18b has been placed within a corresponding lateral aperture 38, a locking ring may be installed to form a constriction preventing inadvertent removal of the element 18a, 18b from the lateral aperture 38. Alternatively, after an element 18a, 18b has been placed within a lateral aperture 38, a portion (e.g., an opening) of the lateral aperture 38 may be swaged or otherwise deformed to form a constriction preventing inadvertent removal of the element 18a, 18b.
In selected embodiments, an extension 72 (e.g., pin 72) may control or limit the motion of an interior portion 26a, 26b with respect to a corresponding exterior portion 24a, 24b. For example, an interior portion 26a, 26b may include a slot 74 extending in the longitudinal direction 11a. An extension 72 may extending into the slot 74. Interference or abutment between the extension 72 and the borders of the slot 72 may define the permissible motion of the interior portion 26a, 26b with respect to the exterior portion 24a, 24b. For example, contact between an extension 72 and the sides of a slot 74 may resist rotation of an interior portion 26a, 26b with respect to a corresponding exterior portion 24a, 24b. Similarly, contact between an extension 72 and an end of the slot 74 may resist separation of an interior portion 26a, 26b from a corresponding exterior portion 24a, 24b.
A shackle 14 in accordance with the present invention may include various apertures or openings to enable or facilitate manufacture, assembly, or some combination thereof. After manufacture or assembly, certain such apertures or openings may be unnecessary or undesirable. Accordingly, such apertures or openings may be closed. For example, certain such apertures may be closed with a plug 76. A plug 76 may engage a corresponding aperture or opening with a permanent engagement.
Referring to
An extension 40a, 40b may extend into an aperture 38a formed in an interior portion 26a, 26b. When an end of a horizontal member 18 is biased to a first end of such an aperture 38a, the extension 40a, 40b may engage a groove 44 (e.g., circumferential groove 44) formed proximate that end. Conversely, when an end of a horizontal member 18 is biased to a second, opposite end of such an aperture 38a, the extension 40a, 40b may not reach the groove 44. Accordingly, when biased to the second end, the horizontal member 18 may be removed from (e.g., translated in the lateral direction 11b out of) the aperture 38a.
Movement of an exterior portion 24a, 24b may determine to which end of an aperture 38a the horizontal member 18 may be biased. For example, as an exterior portion 24a, 24b moves up a corresponding interior portion 26a, 26b, then a corresponding end of the horizontal member 18 may be biased toward engagement with an extension 40a. Conversely, as an exterior portion 24a, 24b moves down a corresponding interior portion 26a, 26b, then a corresponding end of the horizontal member 18 may be biased away from engagement with an extension 40a.
By engaging one or more interior portions 26a, 26b, a base 12 may control or limit the motion of the one or more interior portions 26a, 26b with respect to the corresponding exterior portions 24a, 24b. Accordingly, a base 12 may secure or lock one or more interior portions 26a, 26b in positions corresponding to engagement between an extension 40a, 40b and corresponding groove 44. Thus, when a shackle 12 is locked by a base 12, a horizontal member 18 thereof may be locked in an closed position 66.
In selected embodiments, it may be desirable for a user to selectively manipulate an interior portion 26a, 26b with respect to a corresponding exterior portion 24a, 24b. Accordingly, one or both of an interior portion 26a, 26b, and an exterior portion 24a, 24b may include one or more structures 78 enabling a user to grip or manipulate the components. For example, in selected embodiments, an interior portion 26a, 26b may include a fingernail groove 78 enabling a user to lift the interior portion 26a, 26b with respect to a surrounding exterior portion 24a, 24b.
In certain embodiments, a horizontal member 18 may be connected to a tether 80 (e.g., a flexible tether 80). A tether 80 may comprise chain, cable, or the like. In selected embodiments, a tether 08 may secure to a horizontal member 18 and extend therefrom to engage (e.g., loop through or around) one or more items or an anchor. An anchor may be an object that is substantially fixed in place (e.g., an embedded post or the like). Alternatively an anchor may be an object sufficiently heavy, bulky, or both to render moving the object unpractical or undesirable. For example, an anchor may comprise a desk, table, or the like that may be moved or dismembered, but only with significant effort or with the generation of unwanted attention from surrounding individuals.
Referring to
For example, in selected embodiments, a horizontal member 18 may be used to occupy or secure an electrical plug to prevent the plug from being inserted within a power outlet.
In such embodiments, a shackle 14 may include an interface 82. The interface 82 may cooperate with one or more of the vertical and horizontal members 16a, 16b, 18 to form one or more apertures 84 for receiving one or more prongs of a plug therewithin. Certain prongs may have apertures formed therein. Accordingly, once a plug has been inserted with an interface 82 (e.g., once one or more prongs of a plug have been inserted within corresponding apertures 84), a horizontal member 18 may be inserted through the apertures in certain prongs. The assembled shackle 14 may then be secured to a base 12. Thus, the plug may be locked within the interface 82 and, therefore, inaccessible for use.
In certain embodiments, an interface 82 may comprise one or more of a housing 86, connector 88, and support 90. A housing 86 may define the exterior of the interface 82. In selected embodiments, a housing 86 may include a flat portion 92 facilitating engagement with an electrical plug. A connector 88 may connect a housing 86 to one vertical member 16a, 16b. In certain embodiments, a connector 88 may comprise a pivot, enabling the housing 86 to rotate about an axis extending parallel to the lateral direction 11b. A support 90 may be positioned within a housing 86 at a location between two prong apertures 84. A support 90 and pivot 88 may each include an aperture 94 for receiving the horizontal member 18 therewithin. A support 90 and pivot 88 may support a horizontal member 18 against loads (e.g., bending loads) imposed thereon by an authorized user (e.g., a user unable to unlock the base 12) who attempts to pull a plug from the interface 82.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative, and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims, rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
This application claims the benefit of co-pending U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/532,796 filed Sep. 9, 2011, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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61532796 | Sep 2011 | US |