The present invention relates to hot-linked or hyper-linked media items, including images for use with HTML and the like and methods and apparatus for adapting existing images for the same, and, more particularly, but not exclusively to methods of identifying and hot-linking through features within the image.
The use of hot links within HTML is the basis of the World Wide Web. The user clicks on a link within the text of the web page and is transported to the address included in the link. In this document the terms hot-link and hyper-link are used synonymously.
As well as text it is also well known to provide hot links through other objects than text within the web page. For example links can be provided through images, which is to say an image file can be hot-linked, so that a user can click on an image to be taken to another part of the same web site or to another web site entirely.
In the context of web-sites themselves, many web pages carry advertising material, and often the advertising is fixed in advance. However often the advertising is dynamically selected, and one example of dynamically selected advertising is Adsense™ provided by Google™.
As discussed in Wikipedia, www.wickipedia.org, AdSense is an advertisement serving program run by Google. Website owners can enroll in the program to enable text, image and, more recently, video advertisements on their sites. These advertisements are administered by Google and generate revenue on either a per-click or per-thousand-impressions basis. Google is also currently beta-testing a cost-per-action based service.
Google utilizes its search technology to serve advertisements dynamically based on website content, the user's geographical location, and other factors. Those wanting to advertise with Google's targeted advertising system may sign up through the AdWords signup scheme. AdSense has become a popular method of placing advertising on a website because the advertisements are less intrusive than most banners, and the content of the advertisements eventually placed is often relevant to the website, thus ensuring a better response from users.
The site owner assigns space to Adsense, and the advertising server currently uses JavaScript code to incorporate the advertisements into the participating site. If the space is included on a site which has not yet been crawled by Google's Mediabot, meaning its content has not been studied yet, then the space will temporarily display advertisements for charitable causes known as public service announcements (PSAs). The skilled person will know that the Mediabot is a separate crawler from the Googlebot that maintains Google's search index.
Many sites use AdSense and some webmasters are known to work hard to maximize their own AdSense income. They do this in three ways:
a) They use a wide range of traffic generating techniques including but not limited to online advertising.
b) They build valuable content on their sites; content which attracts relevant AdSense advertisements that are of interest to the site visitors and which pay out the most when they get clicked.
c) They use copy on their websites that encourage clicks on advertisements. Note that Google prohibits people from using phrases like “Click on my AdSense ads” to increase click rates. Phrases accepted are “Sponsored Links” and “Advertisements”.
The source of all AdSense income is the AdWords program which in turn has a complex pricing model based on a Vickrey second price auction, in that it commands an advertiser to submit a sealed bid (not observable by competitors). Additionally, for any given click received, advertisers only pay one bid increment above the second-highest bid.
The way that Adsense works is as follows. Each time a visitor visits a page with an AdSense tag, a piece of JavaScript writes an iframe tag which has an src or source attribute. In this case the src attribute includes the URL of the page. Google's servers use a cache of the page for the URL or the keywords in the URL itself to determine a set of high-value keywords. Further details are explained in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/314,427 to Jeffrey A. Dean et al. If keywords have been cached already, advertisements are served for those keywords based on the AdWords bidding system. The end result is that the user visiting the page sees the in-context advertisements.
Another feature that exists is the in-text advertisement, such as currently provided by VibrantMedia and Kontera. A piece of text may be hot-linked to an advertisement that has to do with the nature of the text. Alternatively the cursor may be moved over the text containing the hot link and the advertisement becomes visible.
It is important for advertisers to obtain good effective advertising space, and in particular to provide advertisements in a way that attract attention. Users often filter advertisement material from their minds.
The above methods use techniques such as pay-per-click to allow the advertiser to remunerate the provider. Such systems suffer from click frauds. It is estimated that 20% of clicks on advertisements are generated by machines or even by people, to charge their competitor or their advertiser fraudulently. This phenomena has a huge impact on advertisers and the advertising system companies, and generally undermines confidence.
It is important for the advertiser to catch the eye of the potential customers, as mentioned above, in particular in such a way that the user does not filter it from his attention. Thus advertisements often carry images, and in the context of web advertising it is likewise possible to provide hot links to images or other media types so that media files provided on the website can be hot linked to advertising material. However it is not currently possible to provide dynamic or context linking to advertising based on images as the content of the images is not easily understood by computerized systems. That is to say image recognition at the moment is a difficult problem. Although there are plenty of fairly successful context sensitive systems for image recognition, a general image recognition solution, to understand and index items within images, is not currently available.
There is thus a widely recognized need for, and it would be highly advantageous to have, a hot linking system devoid of the above limitations.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided apparatus for displaying a media item in a hypertext mark up language context, the media item comprising at least one delineated object, the delineated object comprising a hot link to another location in said hypertext mark up language context, the apparatus being configured with a display functionality for displaying said media item and a partial-item hotlinking function for supporting said hotlink of said delineated object.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided an editing device for editing media items for hot-linking, the device comprising an interactive tagging tool for allowing said user to insert keywords to describe respectively delineated objects. The device may optionally comprise an interactive object delimiter for allowing a user to delimit objects within an media item for hot-linking,
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of rendering rights protected media freely available to publishing parties comprising:
labeling said media with keywords;
providing publishing parties with access to said media for use thereof;
allowing said advertising parties to hot link advertisement material to objects identified by said keywords;
collecting usage payments from said advertising parties for use of said media by said publishing parties.
The method may optionally comprise delineating objects within said media;
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided apparatus for rendering rights protected media available to publishing parties, without at least any initial payment, the apparatus comprising:
an optional object delineator for delineating objects within said media;
a tagging tool for labeling said media with keywords;
a database for storing said delineated and labeled media in a manner accessible to publishing parties, to allow said publishing parties to make use thereof; said database being configured to be accessible by said keywords, allowing said advertising parties to hot link advertisement material to objects identified by said keywords; and
a billing unit configured to collect usage payments from said advertising parties for use of said media by said publishing parties.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of providing a database with linkable and keyworded media items, comprising:
providing said media items,
providing an editing tool, the editing tool comprising:
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The materials, methods, and examples provided herein are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting.
Implementation of the method and system of the present invention involves performing or completing certain selected tasks or steps manually, automatically, or a combination thereof. Moreover, according to actual instrumentation and equipment of preferred embodiments of the method and system of the present invention, several selected steps could be implemented by hardware or by software on any operating system of any firmware or a combination thereof. For example, as hardware, selected steps of the invention could be implemented as a chip or a circuit. As software, selected steps of the invention could be implemented as a plurality of software instructions being executed by a computer using any suitable operating system. In any case, selected steps of the method and system of the invention could be described as being performed by a data processor, such as a computing platform for executing a plurality of instructions.
The invention is herein described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings. With specific reference now to the drawings in detail, it is stressed that the particulars shown are by way of example and for purposes of illustrative discussion of the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, and are presented in order to provide what is believed to be the most useful and readily understood description of the principles and conceptual aspects of the invention. In this regard, no attempt is made to show structural details of the invention in more detail than is necessary for a fundamental understanding of the invention, the description taken with the drawings making apparent to those skilled in the art how the several forms of the invention may be embodied in practice.
In the drawings:
The present embodiments comprise a method of delineating parts of an image or other media item, providing key terms for the image and the delineated or visually marking parts and concepts and then, using the tags, providing dynamic linking using the images. The present embodiments provide the images and the method of dynamic linking and also provide an editing system for delineating parts of images and providing tags. The present embodiments additionally provide a database of delineated and tagged images.
By using images or like media the tendency to machine based click fraud is overcome because machines have difficulty identifying the objects inside the image. They can identify a competitor's advertisement when it is textual but it is much more difficult when it is an undefined image.
The principles and operation of an apparatus and method according to the present invention may be better understood with reference to the drawings and accompanying description.
Before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments or of being practiced or carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
Reference is now made to
It will be appreciated that as well as images, other kinds of media may be considered as long as it is possible to delineate objects, including sketches, clipart, photographs, images, cartoons, animations, and video clips, streaming and other video.
Reference is now made to
Alternatively or additionally to flashing, the part 14 could be marked, say with star or tag 9 which could in turn be labeled with a term such as “start”. Along with the flashing etc. a message 16 appears carrying advertising text, say a slogan, or link text. Either or both of the part 14 and the text, that is the slogan, can be clicked to arrive at the website of the advertiser. A single image can have multiple objects, and in one preferred embodiment the different objects flash etc in turn.
Reference is now made to
Prior to the image being made available to the general public, individual objects within the image are identified using the delimiting tool 26, essentially an outlining tool which allows a user to draw an outline around an object or to place a small button or mark on the image. The object is then defined as any part of the image within an outline or in proximity to the small mark. The delimiting tool allows separate objects which may be of interest to advertisers to be defined digitally. As illustrated in
The image and the object are then provided with keywords and phrases using the tagging tool. Keywords may be assigned to the image as a whole and to individual objects therewithin. In the case of image 10, suitable keywords and phrases for the image as a whole would be clothing, mens' clothing, and mens' outerwear. Suitable keywords for the objects could be jacket, trousers, pants, shoes, belt etc. The keywords are preferably entered through a webform or the like on the editing tool. It is noted that keywords are preferably provided both for the image as a whole and for objects therein separately, since, as will be explained below, the website publishers are interested in the image as a whole and the advertisers are interested in the objects within or the slogan and concept of the image.
Another option is to provide a list of keywords with the image and, near each keyword, a small graphical sign such as the yellow star 9. The editor merely needs to drag the mark to the right place in the image so as to associate the place\item with the keyword.
Each keyword may be associated with a visual mark. The mark may include the hot link, and thus the editing tool directly allows the addition of both the keyword and the hotspot to the image part simultaneously.
In one embodiment the editing tool is made available over the Internet and users are paid to take images and identify objects and provide keywords and creative slogans. Thus a database of active images can be made available.
As a result, a database is set up which contains images that have active objects and keywords. A further party who contributes to the database is the image provider. Images may be obtained from existing stock, or may be uploaded by rights holders. Photographers, animators, artists etc. may provide their own images for the database and may even edit the images themselves using the editing tool.
When the media item is a video or video clip, a preferred method is to take an initial frame and edit the frame as a still image. The link then persists for a number of following frames.
The images produced may be suitable for insertion inside emails, MMS, and also on dynamic touch screens, billboards and the like.
A filtering system may be included which allows the advertiser to define types of files and slogans which are allowed, or which are not allowed to carry his advertisements.
The advertiser can define a smart advertising campaign. He can obtain scenarios of available images that can carry his advertisements, considering his budget, audience and filtering requirements. For any particular scenario the system is able to predict a result in terms of the volume of impressions.
The advertisements originate to the end user from within the bounds of the media item itself and then appear as a small additional window within or without the boundaries of the original image.
In a preferred embodiment, the marked items inside the image and the image slogan may appear at different times to attract the attention of the end user to the item. The system preferably controls the optimize interval of marking/flashing items so as not to overwhelm the end user.
The system is able to dynamically replace advertisements inside the image, so that different items are marked and flash whenever a more relevant advertiser joins the system and advertises a new item.
Alternatively the system simply replaces advertisements inside the image in order to tune the system and optimize it to the specific viewer. That is to say the system builds up profiles on individual users based either on reported preferences or actual response activity. The user profile system however depends on successfully identifying a returning user.
One way in which the system can identify a specific user is using cookies. Whenever a given user watches a website that contains the system images, he sees an advertisement that is relevant to a pre-defined criterion. The user may even wish himself to define advertisements he would like to see and advertisements he would like to filter.
Returning to the editing tool and there may be provided an internal checking system to ensure that images are well keyworded. The system may ask a given editor to edit previously edited images and use a statistical algorithm to maintain keywords that were common to the different editors and delete the keywords that were not.
There are a number of ways in which the database can be used.
With reference now to
Reference is now made to
Referring now to
The advertiser is then able to see samples of images in websites so that he gets a feel for his campaign in action.
The advertiser is able to use the properties of the system to launch a smart campaign: in that he is able to define his needs in terms of audience and budget and obtain options that specify how many images and impressions may carry his campaign. The smart campaign can be refined by running scenarios.
Finally the advertiser runs his campaign and the system provides him with feedback, which of course can be combined with the advertiser's own feedback.
Reference is now made to
It will be appreciated that in a system with large numbers of advertisers with common themes there will be a need to adjudicate between different advertisers to add a link to a currently downloaded image. Any form of arbitration may be used, but one preferred method is that illustrated in the present figure.
The arbitration method illustrated in
Reference is now made to
In a further embodiment of the present invention an ‘in-context’ algorithm is provided so that images can be provided automatically to website texts or other media such as Emails or Text messages (SMS). Thus an article on a website may include a text that mentions books. The text can be read as is without interruption, however if the cursor should approach the word an image of a book may appear, which image can include a link and/or advertising message as in image 10 above. In a further embodiment a complex image having multiple objects may be provided, the complex image being connected with the context of the current text. The one or more individual objects in the image or slogans contain the links to advertisers, as explained above.
Reference is now made to
A database 40 stores the delineated and labeled media. The media is stored such that different users can search the material in different ways. One point to note is that publishers are interested in the media items as a whole, which they insert into their publications. Advertisers are interested in the individual images that carry objects or slogans. Thus the database requires two search engines, one for images as a whole, a publishers' search engine 42, and one for objects or slogan within the image, an advertisers' search engine 44.
In addition, billing and digital rights management (DRM) unit 46 collects fees from the advertising parties and ensures that all rights users are paid for the use of their images. The DRM unit preferably operates with another sub-system referred to as a clearance system. The clearance system preferably contains a reference database of copyrighted images or other media items and trademarks and whenever a new image/video/music or slogan is uploaded to the database it is compared to the clearance system in order to detect non-original work and thus prevent misuse of copyrighted material.
Collection of fees from advertisers may be based on actual hot links provided, or on number of clicks, or impressions, or goods actually purchased, or on a number of keywords provided, or a percentage of the same keyword using the adjudication methods described above, or on methods currently used in existing Internet systems such as AdSense.
Reference is now made to
Web page 50, is produced by a web site publishing entity based on a web server 52. The web page publishing entity desires images or other media for its publishing and goes to media database 54 where media is obtained and inserted, preferably free of charge or under any other type of license, and typically by simply inserting, into the website HTML, a link to the database The media includes advertising material and possibly a hot link to the website of the advertiser based on advertising server 56.
Reference is now made to
The self-returning hotlink may be activated by clicking on advertisement closing button 96, by clicking generally on the advert-image joint display 98 or by the passage of time without interaction or in any other suitable way.
In sum there is provided a system for making images available free at the point of use over the Internet. The images are paid for by advertising and the advertising fees are divided between the rights holder or image contributor, the database owner, the website owner or publisher, the system provider, and the image editor (who may also be a contributor or a publisher).
It is expected that during the life of this patent many relevant devices and systems will be developed and the scope of the terms herein, particularly of the terms hot-link, hyperlink, and markup language context, is intended to include all such new technologies a priori.
It is appreciated that certain features of the invention, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention, which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable subcombination.
Although the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims. All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated in their entirety by reference into the specification, to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated herein by reference. In addition, citation or identification of any reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art to the present invention.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/873,259 filed on Dec. 7, 2006, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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60873259 | Dec 2006 | US |