Patent Grant
10036573
The current application claims a foreign priority to the patent application of Taiwan No. 102139337 filed on Oct. 30, 2013.
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to a water heater, and more particular to a hot water supply system which includes several water heaters.
2. Description of Related Art
Hot water supply systems are installed at places with high water consumption, such as hospitals or hotels, to provide large amounts of hot water. As shown in
However, if the main control device 12 malfunctions, the hot water supply system 100 would stop providing water until the main control device 12 gets replaced, which is quite inconvenient. In addition, the main control device 12 of the hot water supply system 100 is stand-alone, and therefore occupies some additional space. With more water heaters 10 being connected, the main control device 12 gets more wiring, thus the installation becomes more complicated. In other words, if the main control device 12 can be omitted, the complexity of installation, the space occupied, and the cost of manufacturing would be reduced. Therefore, the design of the conventional hot water supply system 100 needs to be improved.
In view of the above, the primary objective of the present invention is to provide a hot water supply system, which makes the hot water supply system operational again even when the coordinating mechanism for water heaters loses efficacy.
The secondary objective of the present invention is to provide a hot water supply system, which could reduce the complexity of installation and the cost of manufacturing.
Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a hot water supply system, which could reduce the space occupied.
The present invention provides a hot water supply system connected to a water pipeline, which includes a water inflow side and a water outlet side. The hot water supply system includes a plurality of water heaters, and each water heater includes a conduit, a heating device, a detecting module, a calculating unit, and a control unit. The conduit includes an inlet section, a heating section, and an outlet section in sequence; the inlet section and the outlet section are connected with the water inflow side and the water outflow side of the water pipeline respectively, and the heating section is in association with the heating device; the detecting module detects an operation status of the water heater, and the operation status includes a water temperature inside the inlet section, a water temperature inside the outlet section, and a water flow inside the inlet section; the calculating unit is electrically connected to the detecting module, and the calculating unit estimates a heating workload of the heating device according to the operation status, and the heating workload is thermal energy needed to heat cold water to a demanded water temperature within a specific period of time; the heating device is controllable to heat up the heating section, and the heating device has a predetermined upper limit workload, which is thermal energy the heating device is allowed to provide within the specific period of time; the control unit controls the heating device to heat water, and is electrically connected to the control units of other water heaters.
When the heating workload of the heating device of any water heaters exceeds its predetermined upper limit workload, the control unit of the water heater contacts the control unit of another water heater to control its heating device to heat water, which makes water temperature of water provided to the water outflow side of the water pipeline reach the demanded water temperature.
With such design, one of the water heaters is in charge to coordinate all water heaters, and if this water heater malfunctions, one of other water heaters could take on its job, so that the hot water supply system could be operational again. Furthermore, the wiring is simplified, the cost of manufacturing is lowered, and the space occupied is reduced as well.
The present invention will be best understood by referring to the following detailed description of some illustrative embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which
As shown in
Each inlet section 14 is connected with the water pipe W, each outlet section 16 is connected with the faucets F, and the gas conduits 18 are all connected with a gas pipe G. The cases 13 of the water heaters 1, 2, and 3 are respectively provided with a connector 192, which is electrically connected to the corresponding control device 19. Each connector 192 is detachably electrically connected to a signal wire 194, and thereby the control devices 19 of different water heaters 1, 2, and 3 could transmit signals to each other.
In the preferred embodiment, the water heaters 1, 2, and 3 all have the same structure, and the water heater 1 is taken as an example for explanation in the following description. Please refer to
The heating device 24 includes a burner 242, a gas valve 244, a blower 246, and a heat exchanger 248. The burner 242 burns gas to generate flames. The gas valve 244 is provided on the gas conduit 18 which is connected with the burner 242, and the gas valve 244 is controllable to regulate gas flow in the gas conduit 18. The blower 246 supplies air into the burner 242 to mix with gas for burning. The blower 246 is controllable to change its speed for adjusting air flow provided to the burner 242.
The heat exchanger 248 is provided above the burner 242, and the heating section 15 repeatedly passes therethrough. By burning gas, the burner 242 generates thermal energy to heat the heat exchanger 248, and therefore water flows through the heating section 15 gets heated too. As a result, there is hot water flowing out of the outlet section 16. A water regulating valve 30 and a water valve 32 are provided on the water inlet 14, wherein the water regulating valve 30 is controllable to adjust water flow through, and the water valve 32 is controllable to turn on or off water flow in the inlet section 14.
The detecting module includes a plurality of sensors 281-285 which are electrically connected to the control device 19 to detect an operation status of the water heater 1. The detectors 281-285 include two water temperature sensors 281 and 282, a water flow sensor 283, a flame sensor 284, and a rotating speed sensor 285. The water temperature sensors 281 and 282 are provided on the inlet section 14 and the outlet section 16 respectively to detect water temperature therein. The water flow sensor 283 is also provided on the inlet section 14 to detect water flow therein. The flame sensor 284 is provided near the burner 242 to detect if there are flames or not. The rotating speed sensor 285 detects the speed of the blower 246. Of course, other sensors could be provided at different locations in other embodiments if needed.
The control device 19 includes a control unit 20 and a calculating unit 21 which are mutually electrically connected. The control unit 20 of the first water heater 1 is electrically connected to the control units 20 of other water heaters 2 and 3 with the signal wire 194. The control unit 20 has a processor 202 and a memory 204, wherein the memory 204 keeps a master code and a slave code. The setting unit 22, which could be a control panel or a remote control in different embodiments, is connected to the control unit 20, and a user could switch the control unit 20 between a master mode and a slave mode via the setting unit 22. The control unit 20 which is switched to the master mode is defined as a master control unit. The processor 202 executes the master code or the slave code according to the mode selected by the user on the setting unit 22. Only one of the control units 20 of the water heaters 1, 2, and 3 could be the master control unit at a time, and the water heater 1, 2, or 3 which has the master control unit becomes a master of the hot water supply system 200, while other water heaters 1, 2, or 3 being slaves thereof. In the preferred embodiment, the master could also be a slave at the same time.
In the hot water supply system 200 of the present invention, the control unit 20 under the master mode is in charge to coordinate the operation between each water heater 1, 2, and 3, and to keep a turn-on sequence of them (including the master). The setting unit 22 of the master is also a temperature setter, and could be utilized to set a demanded water temperature for water coming out of the hot water supply system 200. In more detail, the setting unit 22 provides the demanded water temperature to the master control unit, and the master control unit 20 transmits the demanded water temperature to each calculating unit 21. In addition, the memory 24 of the master keeps a maximum heating workload and a predetermined upper limit workload of each heating device 24 along with the turn-on sequence, wherein the maximum heating workload indicates thermal energy that each heating device 24 could possibly contribute in a specific period of time, and the predetermined upper limit workload is thermal energy that each heating device 24 is allowed to provide within the specific period of time. In the preferred embodiment, the predetermined upper limit workload is 80% of the maximum heating workload.
Based on the water temperature inside the inlet section 14 and the outlet section 16, the calculating unit 21 of each control device 19 could estimate a heating workload of the heating device 24 (more specifically, the burner 242), wherein the heating workload is thermal energy needed to heat cold water to the demanded water temperature within a specific period of time, and it is proportional to an amount of gas and an amount of air provided to the burner 242. According to the heating workload, the control unit 20 controls the gas valve 244 to regulate the gas flow in the gas conduit 18, and adjusts the speed of the blower 246. In this way, the water temperature of water flowing to the faucets F from the outlet section 16 could reach the demanded water temperature. Meanwhile, the calculating unit 21 transmits the heating workload to the master control unit. Furthermore, the user could assign identifying numbers to each water heater 1, 2, and 3 via each setting unit 22, and the master control unit could identify each water heaters 1, 2, and 3 with the identifying numbers. It should be noted that since the master has the ability to heat water, it could be assigned with one of the identifying number as well.
For convenience of explanation, the first water heater 1 is set to be the master, and the control unit 20 of the first water heater 1, which becomes the master control unit, keeps the turn-on sequence with the first water heater 1 at a first place, the second water heater 2 at a second place, and the third water heater 3 at a third (last) place sequentially. Since the first water heater 1 is the first one to be turned on, the inlet section 14 thereof stays open, while the inlet sections 14 of the second and the third water heaters 2 and 3 are closed as their water valves 32 turning off water flow therein.
Once any faucets F is turned on, the first water heater 1 starts to operate, the calculating unit 21 of the first water heater 1 estimates the heating workload required, and then the control unit 20 controls the heating device 24 to heat water according to the heating workload. The heating workload is monitored by the control unit 20 of the first water heater 1 since it is the master control unit. Because the first water heater 1 is the master and one of the slaves at the same time, the heating workload is transmitted to the master control unit internally.
With more faucets F being turned on, water coming out of the hot water supply system 200 increases. In order to maintain the demanded water temperature, the heating workload gradually rises. Once the control unit 21 of the first water heater 1 finds that the heating workload of the heating device 24 thereof reaches the predetermined upper limit workload, which is 80% of the maximum heating workload of the heating device 24 thereof, the control unit 20 transmits a turn-on signal to the second water heater 2, which is at the second place in the turn-on sequence. After the control unit 20 of the second water heater 2 receiving the turn-on signal, the control unit 20 thereof controls the corresponding water valve 32 to turn on the water flow in the inlet section 14 thereof, and then the second water heater 2 starts heating water too. At the same time, the calculating unit 21 of the second water heater 2 estimates the heating workload required for the heating device 24 thereof. The control unit 20 of the water heater 2 controls its heating device 24 to operate according to the heating workload. The heating workload estimated here is transmitted to the master control unit. Since the inlet sections 14 of the first water heater 1 and the second water heater 2 are both open as their water valves 32 turn on the water flow therein, the first water heater 1 and the second water heater 2 share the responsibility to provide adequate hot water, and therefore the heating workload of the first water heater 1 decreases while the heating workload of the second water heater 2 increases, and they finally approximately equals with each other.
If there are even more faucets F being opened, the water flow provided by the first water heater 1 and the second water heater 2 will further increase. When the master control unit finds that the sum of the heating workload of the first and the second water heater 1 and 2 exceeds 80% of the sum of the maximum heating workload (i.e., the predetermined upper limit workload) of the first and the second water heater 1 and 2, the master control unit 20 transmits the turn-on signal to the third water heater 3, which is at the third place in the turn-on sequence. After the control unit 20 of the third water heater 3 receiving the turn-on signal, the control unit 20 controls the corresponding water valve 32 to turn on the water flow in the water inlet 14 thereof, and then the third water heater 3 also starts heating water. Just as the second water heater 2, the heating workload required is estimated and transmitted to the master control unit, and the heating device 24 of the third water heater 3 is controlled to heat water according to the heating workload.
On the contrary, when the water flow of all water heaters 1, 2, and 3 decreases, the master control unit may find that the sum of the heating workload of each operating heating device 24 is less than the sum of the predetermined upper limit workload of the heating devices 24 of the first and the second water heaters 1 and 2. In such cases, the master control unit transmits a turn-off signal to the third water heater 3, and the water valve 32 thereof turns off the water flow in the corresponding inlet section 14. After receiving the turn-off signal, the third water heater 3 stops operating, and the first and the second water heaters 1 and 2 are responsible to provide hot water on their own again. Furthermore, when the water flow further decreases and the sum of the heating workload of the heating devices 24 of the first and the second water heaters 1 and 2 is less than the predetermined upper limit workload of the heating device 24 of the first water heater 1, the master control unit transmits the turn-off signal to the second water heater 2, the water valve 32 thereof turns off the water flow in the corresponding inlet section 14 after receiving the turn-off signal, and the second water heater 2 stops operating as a result.
In this way, the water heaters 1, 2, and 3 could be coordinated to ensure that the water temperature of water coming out the faucets F reaches the demanded water temperature as set by the user.
It is worth mentioning that since the predetermined upper limit workload is 80% of the maximum heating workload, if the water flow suddenly increases, there will be still 20% to be utilized, which is enough and to spare. Therefore, the water temperature wouldn't plummet even if the next-to-be-turned-on water heater is not ready to operate yet.
Since the first water heater 1 is at the first place in the turn-on sequence, its heating device 24 operates the most frequently, which leads to shorter life than other water heaters 2 and 3. In order to prevent this problem, the control unit 20 of each water heater 1, 2, or 3 further has a counter 206. The counter 206 of the master control unit accumulates heating time of each water heater 1, 2, and 3. Once the accumulated heating time of the first water heater 1 reaches a predetermined threshold, the master control unit would rearrange the turn-on sequence. In the preferred embodiment, the master control unit moves the first water heater 1 to the last place in the turn-on sequence, and then the second and the third water heaters 2 and 3 are moved one place forward. Once the accumulated heating time of the second water heater 2 reaches the predetermined threshold, it would be the turn of the third water heater 3 to be moved to the first place of the turn-on sequence, and so on. In practice, the counter 206 could accumulate operating frequencies of each heating device 24 instead, and the predetermined threshold is based on frequencies in such cases.
If the control unit 20 of each water heaters 1, 2, and 3 finds something going wrong (for example, the water temperature is the inlet section 14 or the outlet section 16 is too high or too low, the speed of the blower 246 is abnormal, or the flames die out, etc.), it transmits an abnormal signal to the master control unit, and then the master control unit transmits the turn-off signal to the abnormal water heater 1, 2, or 3 to make its water valve 32 to turn off the water flow in the inlet section 14 thereof. Therefore, the abnormal water heater 1, 2, or 3 stops operating after receiving the turn-off signal. The next water heater 1, 2, or 3 which is queued at the next place in the turn-on sequence will be turned on to replace the abnormal one if it is idling. Moreover, the abnormal water heater 1, 2, or 3 would be moved out of the turn-on sequence, and those queued behind it are moved one place forward.
If the water flow continuously increases when all the water heaters 1, 2, and 3 are operating, the sum of the heating workload would eventually exceeds the sum of the maximum workload of each heating device 24, and the demanded water temperature may be still unreached even though. In such cases, the master control unit transmits a water flow regulating signal to each control unit 20. After receiving the water flow regulating signal, each control unit 20 controls the corresponding water regulating valve 30 to reduce the water flow in each inlet section 14. Whereby, the water temperature could be maintained as the demanded water temperature.
It is worth mentioning that if the master (say, the first water heater 1) malfunctions and its control unit 20 is not able to work normally, the user could disconnect the master control unit with other water heaters 2 and 3, and then assign one of them to be a new master. As a result, the hot water supply system 200 is operational again even with a malfunctioning water heater (which is the water heater 1 in this example). Once the first water heater 1 gets replaced or repaired, the control unit 20 of the new first water heater 1 could be connected to the control units 20 of other water heaters 2 and 3, and the identifying numbers and the turn-on sequence could be rearranged to accommodate the new first water heater 1. Whereby, the installation is convenient, and the cost of manufacturing and maintenance is lowered effectively.
It must be pointed out that the embodiments described above are only some preferred embodiments of the present invention. All equivalent structures which employ the concepts disclosed in this specification and the appended claims should fall within the scope of the present invention.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102139337 A | Oct 2013 | TW | national |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6729390 | Toth | May 2004 | B1 |
| 8271143 | Deivasigamani | Sep 2012 | B2 |
| 20120138149 | Hatada | Jun 2012 | A1 |
| 20130126627 | Paine | May 2013 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20150114313 A1 | Apr 2015 | US |
