The invention is directed to model human figures. More particularly, the invention is directed to a model human figure comprising a frame and joints. The invention is also directed to a model human figure comprising a frame and a wire body with joints.
Models are widely available in an assortment of shapes, styles, and colors to represent full scale objects and/or living creatures. Human models are often used by artists and art students to draw the human form in a variety of poses. Models may also be used as toys, decorations, desk accessories, and other purposes. Many of the models available today, however, have limitations. For example, many of the available models are not capable of being posed in a standing position without the aid of a pedestal or a support rod. Many models have only limited or unidirectional movement of limbs, limiting the variety of poses they can achieve and reducing the life-likeness of those poses.
Art students often use human models to practice drawing the basic human shape. A commonly used artist model is made of wooden pieces representing human body segments and is held together by an internal wire. Such a model, however, is often unable to stand on its own and therefore must be supported by a rod or the feet must be affixed to a base in order to achieve a standing position. This may prevent the model from achieving a variety of positions, such as a sitting position, and may require the inclusion of a foreign element in the model. The wooden segments are solid and opaque, preventing the artist from seeing the opposite side and from viewing the three-dimensional shape of the model. The wooden models also have simple wooden hands that are incapable of holding items. The wooden models have joints that contain springs, making it difficult for the model to remain in a given pose without springing back to a neutral position.
Thus, there is a need in the art for a model with movable segments, that can stand or be arranged in a variety of positions, including a standing and sitting position, that enables the viewer to see through the model to the opposite side, and that has joints allowing for a four way range of motion and enabling the model to stay in a posed position.
The invention relates to human models with an internal frame and joints to enable movement. The invention also relates to human models with an internal frame, a wire external frame, and joints to enable movement. The model may also include hands capable of holding objects.
In the accompanying drawings that form a part of the specification and are to be read in conjunction therewith, the present invention is illustrated by way of example and not limitation, with like reference numerals referring to like elements, wherein:
The invention relates to a human model with an internal frame and joints that allow the model to be posed in a variety of life-like positions including an unaided standing position. The model may also contain a wire external frame. The model may also contain hands capable of holding objects.
As used herein, the terms below are given the definitions that follow. The definitions are supplied to provide clarity and consistency and are not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention.
Model or Human Model: an inanimate object used to represent the human form.
Internal Frame: a structural portion of a model that provides support for the model.
External Frame, External Wire Frame, or Wire Frame: a portion of a model made of wire that represents the outside of a body and is supported by the internal frame.
Joint: a mechanism which joins together two body segments.
Square Bracket: a material formed in a generally square shape serving as the support for the hinges in a joint.
The model of the present invention includes an internal frame and several joints that mimic human joints. A wire external frame may be disposed around internal frame. Model is capable of standing on its own as well as being posed in a variety of other configurations such as sitting, kneeling, lying down, etc. Model may also contain hands capable of holding objects.
First model 100 generally comprises several body segments 105 representing human body segments. For example, first model 100 includes one head segment 105a, one chest segment 105b, one pelvis segment 105c, two upper arm segments 105d, two forearm segments 105e, two hand segments 105f, two upper leg segments 105g, two lower leg segments 105h, and two foot segments 105i.
As shown in
Each internal frame body segment 115 is a support structure that acts as a “skeleton” and provides first model 100 with its basic shape. Unlike an actual human skeleton, however, internal frame 115 is not made of single bones in the center of the body part it is supporting. Instead, each internal frame segment 115 is molded in the general shape of the body part is it representing. For example, as can be seen in
Internal frame foot segment 115i is configured so that the bottom of foot segment 105i is flat, enabling model 100 to stand on a flat surface with no additional support. Internal frame hand segment 115f may be molded to include the shape of fingers to enable hand segment 115f to hold small objects, such as paper, stamps, business cards, greeting cards, brochures, or any other suitable object.
Internal frame 115 can be made of any material capable of supporting model 100. By way of example, internal frame 115 can be made of metal (such as, for example, stainless steel, iron, copper, aluminum, epoxy coated steel, vinyl coated steel, steel with an anodized finish), plastic, or any other suitable material. Internal frame 115 can retain the color of the underlying material or it can be changed to another color by painting, dying, coating, or any other means capable of changing the color.
Body segments 105 are connected by joints 400 (which are shown in more detail in
Specifically, neck joint 400a connects internal frame head segment 115a with internal frame chest segment 115b; waist joint 400b connects internal frame chest segment 115b with internal frame pelvis segment 115c; each hip joint 400c connects internal frame pelvis segment 115c with an internal frame upper leg segment 115d; each knee joint 400d connects an internal frame upper leg segment 115d with the corresponding internal frame lower leg segment 105e; each ankle joint 400e connects an internal frame lower leg segment 115e with a corresponding internal frame foot segment 115f; each shoulder joint 400f connects internal frame chest segment 115b with an internal frame upper arm segment 115g; each elbow joint 400g connects an internal frame upper arm segment 115g with a corresponding internal frame forearm segment 115h; and each wrist joint 400h connects an internal frame forearm segment 115h with the corresponding internal frame hand segment 115i. Joints 400 correspond to analogous human joints except that the “waist joint” 400b is a single joint that replaces the movement allowed by the vertebra in a living human.
Second model 200 includes all of the elements of first model 100 and an external wire frame 300 (shown in more detail in
In second model 200, each body segment 105 is made from a corresponding internal frame body segment 115 and may be surrounded by wire of the external frame 300. For example, head segment 105a contains an internal frame head segment 115a surrounded by wire 300; chest segment 105b contains an internal frame chest segment 115b surrounded by wire 300, pelvis segment 105c contains an internal frame pelvis segment 115c surrounded by wire 300, each upper arm segment 105d contains an internal frame upper arm segment 115d surrounded by wire 300, each forearm segment 105e contains an internal frame forearm segment 115e surrounded by wire 300, each hand segment 105f contains an internal frame hand segment 115f, each upper leg segment 105g contains an internal frame upper leg segment 115g surrounded by wire 300; each lower leg segment 105h contains an internal frame lower leg segment 115f surrounded by wire 300; and each foot segment 105i contains an internal frame foot segment 115i surrounded by wire 300.
External wire 300 is wrapped around internal frame foot segments 115i in such a manner that the bottom of the foot segments 105i remain flat, enabling model 200 to stand on a flat surface with no additional support. As shown in
As shown in
External frame 300 is wrapped around each internal frame body segment 115 in such a way that it provides a general appearance of the corresponding body part of a human being. For example, as shown in
External frame 300 can be wrapped around internal frame 115 by any means capable of disposing external frame 300 around internal frame 115. By way of example, external frame 300 can be wrapped around internal frame 115 by hand or by machine or by a combination of the two.
External frame 300 may be comprised of any number of wires. For example, external frame 300 may be one continuous wire that is wrapped around all of internal frame body segments 115. External frame 300 may include several wires, each of which is wrapped around a separate internal frame body segment 115. External frame 300 may also be several wires and more than one wire may be wrapped around each internal frame body segment 115. Any number of wires can be wrapped around any number of internal frame body segments 115.
In the example shown in
Thus, neck joint 410a (and the other joints 400, not shown) are each capable of moving in four directions—front 500a, back 400b, right side 400c, and left side 400d—along two axes (a front-back axis and a right-left axis). Each hinge pair is capable of moving along one axis—the first hinge pair (comprising first hinge 410a and second hinge 410b) is capable of moving along the first axis (the front-back axis) and the second hinge pair (comprising third hinge 410c and fourth hinge 410d) is capable of moving along the second axis (the right-left axis). The front-back direction of the first axis is 90 degrees from the right-left direction of the second axis.
Such range of movement allows each body segment 105 to be positioned in numerous positions, enabling the models 100 and 200 (see