HVAC System

Abstract

An HVAC system is provided that is modular. The system may contain condenser modules, heat exchanger modules, and heat pump modules that can replace each other. Heat generated from the condenser modules may be recycled by the heat exchanger modules and/or the heat pump modules, using the air flowing in the system as the medium.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates to heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. In particular, this disclosure relates an HVAC system that captures waste energy.

BACKGROUND

An HVAC system within a building may include Air conditioner (A/C), refrigerator, Heat pump-based equipment such as hot water tank and pool heater. Many of the appliances utilize a condenser and an evaporator. A condenser consists of a fan, a heat exchanger, and a compressor to release heat energy, an evaporator consists of a fan and a heat exchanger to absorb heat energy. The condenser and the evaporator cooperate to maintain a comfortable conditioned space. However, commonly each of the appliances is designed for fulfil its own purpose independently and they all work individually. This results in wasted energy. For example, on a hot day, an A/C uses energy, for example, electricity to cool the indoor air, and the heat generated in the process is released to the outside air. At the same time, the pool heater uses energy, for example, electricity, to warm up the pool. As such, the traditional HVAC system results in wasted energy.

Because a fan, condenser, and/or an evaporator is included in each appliance, more material and redundant parts are being used for each individual HVAC appliance, which also usually leads to higher cost to purchase and maintain the HVAC system.

As such, there is a need to improve efficiency of and reduce material usage in the HVAC systems.

SUMMARY

An HVAC system is disclosed, which includes a first airflow switch module, a fan module, one or more module that includes a heat exchanger, a second airflow switch module, and a controller module.

The first airflow switch module can switch from a state that allows air outside of a building into the first airflow switch module and prevents air inside of the building into the first airflow switch module and a state that allows the air inside of the building into the first airflow switch module and prevents the air outside of a building into the first airflow switch module.

The fan module moves the air that enters from the first airflow switch module through the one or more module that includes a heat exchanger, and the second airflow switch module.

The second airflow switch module can switch from a state that allows the air to exit to outside of the building and prevents air from entering the building; and an exhaust state that allows the air to exit to the inside of the building and preventing air from exiting to the outside.

The heat exchanger exchanges heat with the air flowing therethrough.

The controller causes the first and second airflow switch modules to switch between the different states. The controller also controls the fan module to start or stop. In addition, the controller module controls the one or more module to start or stop.

The fan module and the one or more module are disposed between the first airflow switch and the second airflow switch modules. The first and second airflow switch modules, the fan module, and the one or more module are removably connected to for a path for the air to flow through.

In some embodiments, the one or more module functions as an evaporator module such that hear from the air is absorbed through the heat exchanger.

In some embodiments, the one or more module includes a condenser module. The heat exchanger is connected to a compressor such that heat from compressed refrigerant dissipates from the heat exchanger.

In some embodiments, the controller module controls the fan module and the one or more module to start or stop operating when a present condition is met.

In some embodiments, the controller module is connected to one or more appliance that is configured to determine whether the preset condition is met and triggers the controller module when the preset condition is met.

In some embodiments, the present condition is the temperature inside the building that is higher or lower than a predetermined temperature, or a temperature inside an appliance is higher or lower than a preset temperature.

For example, when the temperature inside the building is higher than the predetermined temperature, the controller module causes the fan module and one or more condenser modules to operate.

In some embodiments, the appliance is a hot water tank and the controller module causes the fan module to operate and one or more of the evaporator modules absorb the heat from the air to heat water in the hot water tank.

One or more of the modules include wheels and is mounted on a mounting rail such that the module is removable from the mounting rail.

In some embodiments, a battery module is included to function as a power source for one or more of the modules.

In some embodiments, one or more of the modules include a side that comprises triple layer of silicate glass with argon gas sealed therein.

The system may be installed inside the building or outside the building.

In some embodiments, the first airflow switch module is switched to allows air outside of a building into the first airflow switch module and prevents air inside of the building into the first airflow switch module, and the second airflow switch module is switched to a state that allows the air to exit to outside of the building and prevents air from entering the building when the outside temperature is higher than or equals to a desired temperature.

In some embodiments, the first airflow switch module is switched to a state that allows the air inside of the building into the first airflow switch module and prevents the air outside of a building into the first airflow switch module and the second airflow switch module is switched to a state that allows the air to exit to the inside of the building and preventing air from exiting to the outside when the outside temperature is lower than the desired temperature.

The desired temperature may be 0, 10, 20, or 30 degrees Celsius.

In some embodiments, the controller module is configured to monitor airflow pressure and temperature.

The system of this disclosure may provide many advantages. For example, the operating cost may be lowered by increasing thermal utilization due to Integration of multiple HVAC equipment together to reduce thermal waste. For example, AC's warm exhaust can be used to help heating up a pool or the pool in circulation mode can be the heat sink to improve AC condenser efficiency.

The system may also improve the reliability due to reduced number of parts used across multiple HVAC systems manufactured on the same design principle. For example, sometimes only one fan is used for a building with an A/C unit, a pool heat pump, a heat exchanger hot water tank as opposed to three individual fans.

The system of this disclosure may also reduce equipment manufacture cost due to the modular design.

The system of this disclosure may also improve reparability and lower the maintenance cost because the modules can be replaced individually. The modules prone to failure can be arranged in an easy to access compartments and/or be designed into an individual module.

The modular system can be tailored to the needs of the user and may be expanded or reduced when the needs change.

The system may also reduce electricity cost by using battery power during peak hours defined by the utility companies. The battery may be charged by the solar power installed on premise or charged in off-peak hours from electricity from the utility companies.

The system may be configured to work with smart home devices. It may also be configured with AI or machine learning capabilities to optimize the operation.

The system may be installed indoors or outdoors, and in different orientations and assembly shapes.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying drawings which show example embodiments of the present application, and in which:

FIG. 1 shows a side plan view of a double-stack configuration of one embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 shows one embodiment installed around a corner of a building exterior wall.

FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 shows one embodiment of the controller module.

FIG. 6 shows one embodiment of the fan module.

FIG. 7 shows one embodiment of a heat exchanger module where the airflow direction is changed by 90 degrees.

FIG. 8 shows one embodiment of a condenser module in which the air flow turns 90 degrees.

FIG. 9 shows one embodiment of a heat exchanger module in which the airflow direction remains.

FIG. 10 shows one embodiment of a condenser module in which the general direction of the airflow remains

FIG. 11 shows one embodiment of an airflow switch module

FIG. 12 shows one embodiment of a heat pump module.

FIG. 13 shows one embodiment of a mounting plate.

FIG. 14 shows the control flow and power diagram of one embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 15 shows the diagram of one example of the heat flow of the HVAC system of the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference is now made to FIGS. 1 and 2, which shows one embodiment of the HVAC system of the disclosure.

The system includes, in the upper row from left to right, the first airflow switch module E1, the fan module B, the upper part of the condenser module H, a condenser module I, the upper part of the heat pump module F, and the second airflow switch module E2.

An outer air baffle 20 of the first airflow switch module E1 is exposed to the outside air. Another outer air baffle 20 is exposed to the inside of the building.

In the lower row from left to right, the system includes the controller module A, the battery module G, a condenser module H, a heat exchanger module D, the lower part of the heat pump module F, and the condenser module J.

The HVAC system includes a controller module A that controls the operation of the system.

The first airflow switch module E1 is switchable between a state that allows air from the inside of the building to enter the first airflow switch module E1 while prevents air outside of the building from entering the first airflow switch module E1 and a state that allows air from outside of the building to enter the first airflow switch module E1 while prevents air from inside of the building to enter the first airflow switch module E1.

The first airflow switch module E1 is connected to the fan module B, which is in fluid communication with the first airflow switch module E1 such that air flows from the airflow switch module E into the fan module B.

The air is then driven by the fan module B into the condenser modules H, which includes two units such that the area for heat exchange is increased compared to modules comprising one unit. The condenser module H may be connected to an appliance that require higher heat exchange capacity, for example, an air conditioner.

The air then flows through the heat exchanger module D, the condenser module I, the heat pump module F, the condenser module J, and into the second airflow switch module E2. In some embodiments, the heat exchanger module D is operatively connected to one or more module D to facilitate heat absorption from the air for the refrigerant to evaporate.

The air flow exiting the system may then be directed to the ambient air outside of the building or the inside of the building.

The second airflow switch module E2 is switchable between a state that allows the air to exit to the outside air while prevent air from entering the inside of the building and a state that allows the air to enter the inside of the building while prevents the air from exiting to the outside air.

The system is designed such that air can only enter the system from one airflow switch module E1 and exit from another airflow switch module E2. The modules are substantially sealed to the ambient air such that the air flow in restricted in the designed course.

The system also includes a battery module G, which provides power to the system when there is a power outage or as the main power supply to the system. In some embodiments, the system is powered by the electricity from the utility companies and the battery module G is not included. The battery module G may provide for uninterruptable operation of the system or some of the appliances. The battery module G may also enable operation therefrom during peak hours as defined by the utility companies to reduce electricity cost. The battery module G may be connected to solar or wind power systems to store electricity generated by the such systems. The battery module G may be configured to be charged during off-peak hours as defined by the utility companies. The usage of the battery module G may be controlled by the controller module A, for example, based on the peak hours defined by the utility companies.

The controller module A is operatively connected to the compressors in the condenser modules, and each of the compressors can be individually controlled by the controller module A independently.

In some embodiments, more than one controller modules A may be provided to provide power/control redundancy.

The controller module A may be configured to accept inputs from a user to control the operations of the airflow switch modules E1 and E2, the fan module B, the condenser module I, the heat pump module F, and the condenser module J. The controller module A may also be programmed to operate the modules when certain conditions are met. For example, the user may set a predetermined temperature for the inside of the building, and the system operates when the temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature.

When the temperature of the air inside the building is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, or the temperature inside a refrigerator that is connected to the system is higher than the preset temperature, a signal is sent to the controller module A to start the system. The fan module B is turned on, and the respective compressor in the corresponding condenser module connected to the appliance that is operating is started.

When the temperature of the air outside of the building is higher than a predetermined value, for example, measured by a sensor disposed in the first airflow switch module E1 or on the outside wall, the first airflow switch module E1 is caused to allow the air from outside of the building to enter the first airflow switch module E1, while preventing the air inside the building to enter the system. When the temperature of the air outside of the building is no higher than the predetermined value, the first airflow switch module E1 is caused to allow the air inside the building to enter the system, while preventing the air outside of the building to enter the system. For example, the predetermined value may be 0, 10, 20, or 30 degrees Celsius. In some embodiments, the first airflow switch module E1 is controlled to allow a mixture of the air inside the building and the air outside of the building to enter the system.

The controller module A causes the fan module B to start such that the air is moved to the condenser module H.

The condenser module H generate heat when it condenses the refrigerant such as Freon, Chlorodifluoromethane, Dichlorodifluoromethane, or 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane. The condensers in the air conditioner modules H are in fluid communications with heat exchangers, for example fan coil units, air handling units, or evaporators, inside the building to cool the air inside of the building.

The heat generated at the condenser module H then heats the air flowing through the heat exchanger within modules H, and the heated air enters the heat exchanger module D, where heat may be transferred to refrigerant, which may evaporate. The heated refrigerant is transferred to the inside of the building, where the heat is utilized by the desired appliances, such as a heat pump based hot water tank or pool heater.

The air flows from the heat exchanger D then moves to the condenser module I. The compressor in the condenser module I may be operating to compress the refrigerant therein and release heat. The compressor is connected to an appliance, such as a refrigerator or an air conditioner inside the building, such that the cooled refrigerant in liquid form is transferred to a heat exchanger in the appliance, where the refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates to cool the appliance using an evaporator. As such, one condenser does not need to be integrated in each of the appliances.

The air from the condenser module I then moves to the heat pump module F, where the heat from the air may be utilized by the heat pump to provide heat to a desired appliance, for example, a pool heater. The air is thus cooled.

The cooled air then moves to a condenser module J, where it may be heated by the heat released by the compressed refrigerant therein. The second airflow switch module E2 is operated to allow air to exit to the outside, while preventing the air from entering the building.

When the temperature of the outside air is lower than a predetermined temperature, for example, 0, 10, or 20 degrees Celsius, the first airflow switch module E1 is operated to allow air inside the building, which is warm, into the system, while preventing the outside air from entering the system. When the system is turned on, for example, when any HVAC equipment sends a start request, the fan turns on. The fan is turned on to move heated inside air into the system, which then flows through the system with or without the compressors on. As such, the heat in the air is retained.

In some embodiments, the system compares the time with a predetermined time to decide whether the present time is during peak or off-peak hours. If the time is during off-peak hours, the system runs on the electrical power from utility. If the time is during peak hours, the system may run from the battery.

In some embodiments, some of the modules are running while others are not. For example, if a refrigerator connected to one of the condenser modules is not running, the controller module A causes the condenser module to shut down, even though the air flow therethrough.

In some embodiments, some equipment draws heat and while others reject heat where the heat rejected by one can be used to provide heat to the other equipment, using the flowing air as the medium.

In some embodiments, all of the modules are running at the same time.

The operations of the modules are controlled by the controller module A depending on the conditions set at the controller module A.

In some embodiments, the controller module A is configured to measure the airflow pressure and/or temperature in the system.

The modules are mounted on a mounting rail 30. In some embodiments, the modules are removably connected such that each module can be replaced with another module or removed, for example, for maintenance. For example, some of the modules are dimensioned the same. This allows the customer to customize the configuration of the system depending on the needs. More modules may be added later for more appliances. The modules may be rearranged when needed. For example, the modules may be rearranged when an appliance inside is moved to facilitate the connection.

Some modules may also be removed when they are not needed. For example, when there is only one appliance such as an air conditioner connected to the system, then only one condenser module is needed in the system.

In some embodiments, more than one module may be connected to one appliance to provide higher heating or cooling capacity.

In some embodiments, the controller module A is configured with artificial intelligence and machine learning to optimize the performance of the system. In some embodiments, the controller module A may be remotely controlled, for example, by an app on a smartphone.

Although FIG. 1 shows the system installed outside of the building, in some embodiments, the system is installed inside the building, while the airflow switch modules E1 and E2, and optionally ductwork, allow the system to receive air from outside of the building and exhaust air to the outside of the building.

In some embodiments, the system may include more than one fan module B to increase the airflow pressure, or to maintain the airflow pressure when the system expands.

The heat exchangers in the various modules may be grouped together to scale up the heat sink/source capacity for a single appliance, for example, as shown in the heat pump module F.

Reference is now made to FIGS. 3 and 4, which shows another embodiment of the HVAC system, in which the modules are configured differently from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

This configuration is intended for hot areas, such as tropical areas, where the outside air temperature rarely drops below a certain value, for example, 0 degrees Celsius. As such, this configuration does not include airflow switch modules E1 and E2.

The HVAC system of this embodiment includes, from left to right, Controller module A, a straight condenser module C0, the first Fan module B1, straight heat exchanger module C1, straight condenser module C2, condenser module I, straight condenser module C3, and the second fan unit B2.

An external air baffle 20 is configured on the top, side and/or bottom of the condenser module C0 to allow air to enter. In some embodiments, the external air baffle 20 is configured on the side or bottom of the condenser module C0.

The evaporator and compressor modules are connected to or a part of desired appliances inside the building such that the refrigerant can circulate from these modules to the appliances inside the building. For example, the condenser module C0 may be connected to an air conditioner, the heat exchanger module C1 may be connected to a hot water tank, the condenser module C2 may be connected to a refrigerator, the condenser module I may be connected to a second hot water tank; and the condenser module C3 may be connected to a second air conditioner.

When the system receives a start signal for an appliance, the fan modules B1 and B2 are turned on, and the compressor in the condenser module that corresponds to the appliance is turned on. For example, when the temperature inside the building is higher than a predetermined temperature, the thermostat signals an air conditioner to start and signals the HVAC system to start, and the condenser module that is connected to the air conditioner is turned on.

When another appliance is turned on, for example, the refrigerator is turned on, the compressor in the condenser module C2 is turned on.

In some embodiments, when the temperature in the heat pump hot water tank is lower than a preset temperature, the compressor in the hot water tank turns on, and the hot water tank triggers the controller module A to turn on the fans B1 and B2 such that heat from the air is absorbed through the heat exchanger C1.

When the desired conditions of an appliance are met, for example, when the temperature of the air inside the building is cooled to the desired temperature, the thermostat signals the system to stop, the air conditioner is stopped and the compressor in the corresponding condenser module is stopped. Likewise, when the temperature inside the refrigerator is lowered to the desired temperature, the compressor in the corresponding condenser module is stopped.

When all the appliances are stopped, the fan modules B1 and B2 are stopped.

The modules are mounted on mounting rails 30 by wheels 28 and 29 to facilitate removal and installation of the modules. The mounting rail 30 is disposed between wheels 28 and 29.

FIG. 5 shows one embodiment of the controller module A. the controller module A includes a frame 1, mounting holes 2, Fan Capacitor compartment 3, Controller board compartment 4 in which a controller 5 is installed.

The controller module A also includes a display 6 for showing the relevant information. The display 6 may include an LCD display, OLED display, LED dot matrix display, or a combination thereof.

A wireless communication unit 7 is also included. The wireless communication module may be compatible with WIFI, Bluetooth, NFC, and/or other standards.

The controller module A also includes a battery compartment 8 is wherein a battery 9 is disposed, for example, for when the main power is interrupted. The battery 9 may be in the form of an uninterrupted power system (UPS).

The controller module A is operatively connected to other modules so that the operations of the other modules can be controlled. For example, the controller module A may be connected to the other modules by wire.

In some embodiments, the frame 1 is shaped and dimensioned so that it can be mounted together with other modules. The mounting holes 2 are so configures such that the modules next to each other can be easily connected to each other by connectors therethrough. The connectors may be nuts and bolts or screws. Cover plates may also be installed on the sides of the modules that are not in the airflow path using the mounting holes 2. The connectors may be screws, or nuts and bolts such that the modules are removably connected. The modules may be removably connected by other means.

Insulation materials may be disposed on the exterior surface of the frame such that the connections between the modules are substantially air tight.

Reference is now made to FIG. 6, which shows a fan module B. The fan module includes a frame 1, and a fan 10. The fan module B also includes mounting holes 2 which allows connection to other modules through corresponding mounting holes 2 on the other modules. The speed of the fan 10 may be controlled to maintain a substantially constant pressure within the system.

FIG. 7 shows one embodiment of a heat exchanger module in which the airflow direction changes 90 degrees.

The heat exchanger module includes a frame 11, on which mounting holes 2 are disposed.

The heat exchanger fin 13 is square-shape disposed in the path of air flow. Air flow deflector 12 is quarter-circular-shaped so that the direction of airflow is changed 90 degrees. The heat exchanger fin 13 may be made of aluminum, copper, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the fin 13 is quarter circle shape disposed next to the air flow deflector 12.

The fin 13 is configured to allow adequate airflow to enable efficient heat exchange. In some embodiments, protrusions are configured on the fin 13 to disturb the airflow to improve heat exchange.

Tube 14 containing the refrigerant is in contact with the fin 13.

In some embodiments, the tube 14 is connected to an evaporator such that heat can be transferred to the evaporator.

In some embodiments, the tube 14 is connected to a compressor, and the contact with the heat exchanger improves heat removal from the compressed refrigerant.

FIG. 8 shows one embodiment of the condenser module as used in the system. One or more heat exchanger module may be configured in the system as a part of the airflow path to expand the condenser heat exchanging surface area.

The condenser module includes a standard frame 11, on which the mounting holes 2 are configured. The condenser module includes an air flow deflector 12, which changes the direction of the air flow by 90 degrees.

The heat exchanger fin 13 is square-shape and is disposed next to the air flow deflector 12, which is quarter-circle-shaped such that the direction of the airflow is changed by 90 degrees. The heat exchanger fin 13 may be made of aluminum, copper, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the fin 13 is quarter-circle-shape disposed next to the air flow deflector 12.

Copper tubing 14 containing the refrigerant is in contact with the heat exchanger fin 13 so that heat exchange between the refrigerant in the copper tubing 14 and the air flowing through the heat exchanger fin 13 can be facilitated. The copper tubing 14 is connected to an appliance to be conditioned.

A compressor 15 is disposed in the frame 11.

Multiple heat exchanger modules may be combined in series to transfer heat to an appliance.

In some embodiments, one condenser module may be connected to multiple heat exchanger modules.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the heat exchanger module, through which the general direction of the airflow does not change.

The heat exchanger module includes a frame 11. Heat exchanger fins 13 are disposed in the frame 11. Tube 14 containing the refrigerant is in contact with the fins 13.

One or more heat exchanger module may be configured in the system as a part of the airflow path to expand the heat exchanging surface area.

FIG. 10 shows one embodiment of the condenser module C, in which the direction of the air flow remains. The module C includes a frame 11. Heat exchanger fin 13 is disposed in the frame 11 and the copper tubing 14 containing the refrigerant is in contact with the heat exchanger fin 13. The air flows through the condenser module C without changing direction. A compressor 15 is disposed in the frame 11. Input to the compressor 15 is connected by the copper tubing 14 to an appliance to be conditioned.

In some embodiments, sensors are connected individually to the condenser modules to monitor the air temperature and/or air pressure in each of the condenser modules.

FIG. 11 shows one embodiment of the airflow switch module E, which includes a frame 11. On one side, the frame 11 is connected with a frame 1. The frame 1 forms a duct that extends through the wall of the building as shown in FIG. 2. In some embodiments, the frame 1 is replaced with a duct of another form to connect to the inside of the building.

The other sides are substantially sealed by the cover plate 17. The cover plate 17 may be installed using the mounting holes 2. The cover plate 17 may include insulation material to reduce heat loss.

Outer air baffles 20 are installed on two sides of the frame 11. An inner air baffle 19 is installed next to each of the outer air baffles 20. The outer air baffles 20 are fixed while the inner air baffles 19 are movable.

Each inner air baffle 19 is operatively connected to two actuators 21. The actuators 21 are configured to move the inner air baffle 19. The gap and the overlap between the inner air baffles 19 and the outer air baffles 20 on the two sides controls the mixture of the air flow between the inside air and outside air.

The actuators 21 may be stepper motor actuators. In some embodiments, the inner air baffle 19 is attached to the stepper motor actuators by lead screws attached on each of inner air baffles 19. The stepper motor actuator is controlled by controller 5 in the controller module A. The inner baffle 19 can move up or down depend on the stepper motor rotation. There is one small block attached to the inner air baffle 19 and the block is threadedly connected to the lead screw. When the lead screw is rotated by the stepper motor actuator, the block moves up or down, causing the inner air baffle 19 to move up or down.

The inner air baffle 19 may be driven by other means or different numbers of actuators 21.

The actuators 21 are operatively connected to the controller module A, which controls the opening or closing of the sides of the frame where the inner air baffle 19 is installed.

FIG. 12 shows one embodiment of a heat pump module F. The module F includes two frames 11. Heat exchanger fin 13 and copper tube 14 containing refrigerant are installed in one frame 11. The heat exchanger fin 13 is square-shaped.

In some embodiments, when the frame 11 has a square cross-section, the heat exchanger fin 13 are square-shaped to substantially match the square cross-section to maximize the available surface area.

Heat exchanger fin 13 and copper tube 14 for refrigerant are installed in another frame 11. A compressor 15 and a heat pump module heat exchanger 22 are also installed in the frame 11. The copper tube 14 in contact with the fin 13 is connected to the input, i.e., the low-pressure side of the compressor 15. The heat output of the compressed refrigerant is collected by the heat exchanger unit 22 to be used for an appliance connected to heat pump heat exchanger 22. For example, the appliance may be a pool heater or a hot water tank, and the water flows through the heat pump heat exchanger 22 to absorb heat.

The number, arrangement, and shape of the heat exchanger fins 13 are configured to maximize the heat exchange efficiency.

FIG. 13 shows a mounting plate K, which includes a plate 27, and wheels 28 and 29. The wheels 28 are configured for supporting the metal plate when the system is set up on the ground. The wheels 28 includes rubber material for vibration dampening. The rubber material may be silicon rubber material or ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber.

In some embodiments, the mounting plate K is on a side of the modules in the system, and wheels 28 and 29 are used to hang the modules on the mounting rail 30 as shown in FIG. 4.

In some embodiments, when the system is mounted on the mounting rail 30, the wheels 28 rests on top of the mounting rail 30, while the wheels 29 are at the bottom of the mounting rail 30.

The mounting plate 27 may be made of metal, plastic, or a combination thereof. The plate 27 closes a side of the module. As such, removal and mounting of the modules on the rail 30 is facilitated.

The sides of the modules shown in FIGS. 1-12 that are not open to air flow may be made of metal with insulation material disposed thereon or with insulation materials so that heat may be retained in the system. In some embodiments, cover plates are installed on these sides. In some embodiments, some of the sides may be transparent for observation. In some embodiments, the transparent sides may be made with triple layer of silicate glass with argon gas sealed inside.

The modules are sized and shaped to be replaceable by each other. For example, some of the modules include the same frame 11. In some embodiments, the frame 11 are in the form of a cube. Some of the modules, such as the fan module B, are sized and shaped such that two sides of the module can be connected to the other modules to allow airflow through. For example, the sides of the fan module B in the path of the airflow may be the same shape and size as the sides of the other modules in the path of the airflow so that they can be connected to each other to allow the air through while substantially sealing the path of the airflow from the outside of the system.

FIG. 14 shows a control flow and power diagram of one embodiment of the HVAC system.

The controller module A includes the main controllers 5. The controller module A also includes the power bus and control bus to monitor and control all connected modules individually. In some embodiments, the battery 9 in the controller module A may provide power to one or more appliances to ensure uninterrupted operation.

Electrical power is provided to the controller board 5, the built-in WIFI, the fan 10, the compressors 15a, 15b, 15c (collectively compressor 15), and other components. The controller board 5 is connected to the components, including the compressors, through a control bus and addressable relays. Other components in the system can also be controlled by the controller board 5. For example, the actuators 21 may be controlled by the controller board 5.

A thermostat 31 is operatively connected to the controller board 5. The user sets a desired temperature on the thermostat 31. The thermostat 31 may be configured for an air conditioner, a fridge, hot water tank, etc., on which a predetermined temperature may be set. For example, a sensor disposed in an appliance is operatively connected to the thermostat 31 such that the temperature at the appliance is transmitted to the thermostat 31. Control wires 31a and 31b are also connected to the controller board 5 such that other appliances can trigger the controller board 5 to start or stop the system. More control wires may be connected to the controller board 5 such that other appliances can trigger the controller board 5.

When the thermostat 31 is connected to a freezer, the predetermined temperature may be −24 degrees, −18 degrees, −12 degrees, −6 degrees Celsius.

When the thermostat 31 is connected to a hot water tank, the predetermined temperature may be 40, 45, 50, 55, or 60 degrees Celsius.

In some embodiments, when the temperature of outside air is over the desired temperature, the controller board 5 causes the actuator 21 to move the inner air baffles 19 such that the air is allowed into the system from the outside of the building.

The controller board also causes the fan 10 to turn on, which moves the air through the system. In some embodiments, the fan 10 is reversible so that the controller board 5 can cause the fan 10 to reverse the airflow direction as needed to switch between Master/Slave modes of operation which would allow increased heat exchange efficiency to the “master” condenser with the highest priority/overall-energy-saving base on operating conditions.

Depending on the configuration, one or more compressor is turned on to cool the air inside of the building. For example, each compressor may be connected to an air conditioner to reduce the temperature inside the building.

In some embodiments, when the temperature at the thermostat is lower than a predetermined temperature, the thermostat 31 triggers the controller board 5 to turn on the fan 10. One or more of the compressors 15 are turned on and the heat generated is transferred to the air, which is then returned to the inside of the building.

FIG. 15 shows the diagram of one example of the heat flow of the HVAC system of the disclosure.

The system is connected to a battery and/or electricity from the utility. The system checks the battery and time on a preset schedule or when certain conditions are met.

When the temperature inside the building is higher than a desired temperature, the system turns on. If the outside temperature is higher than a preset temperature, for example, 10, 20, or 30 degrees Celsius or when it is summer, the airflow switch module is controlled to allow outside air to enter the system, while preventing the air inside the building to enter the system. The air conditioner is turned on, and the compressor in the system helps transfer heat to the air. The heat in the air is then utilized for heating water at a hot water tank and the air is cooled. The cooled air is then heated by the compressed refrigerant flowing to a refrigerator or a cold cellar room. The heated air then exchange heat with a pool heat pump. The cooled air is then exhausted to the outside.

When the temperature outside is lower than a predetermined temperature, for example, when the outside air is colder than 10 degree Celsius, the airflow switch module is controlled to allow the air inside the building, which is heated, to enter the system, while preventing the outside air from entering the system; while when the outside air is over 20 degrees C., the outside air is allowed into the system by the airflow switch module while preventing the air inside the building to enter the system; and the state of the airflow switch module remains when the outside air temperature is between 10 and 20 degrees C.

In some embodiments, the airflow switch module changes between allowing outside air or inside air into the system depending on the temperature of the outside air. For example, the airflow switch module changes air intake when the temperature is over or below 0, 10, 20, or 30 degrees C.

When a condition is met, for example, the inside temperature is lower than a desired temperature, the temperature in the hot water tank is lower than a preset temperature, or the condensation dryer is turned on, the fan is turned on when the system is turned on. The warm inside air flows through the system, providing heat to the hot water tank, and the heat pump dryer. The exhaust air is then returned to the inside of the building.

The preceding discussion provides many example embodiments. The disclosure includes all reasonably combinations of the elements of the various embodiments.

The term “connected,” “attached to” or similar expression may indicate that the elements are directly connected to each other or connected through other components.

Although the embodiments have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein.

Furthermore, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means, methods and steps described in the specification. As persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate from the disclosure of the present invention, processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps, presently existing or later to be developed, that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described herein may be utilized. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps.

Claims

1. An HVAC system, comprising: a first airflow switch module switchable between: a first intake state that allows air outside of a building into the first airflow switch module and prevents air inside of the building into the first airflow switch module; anda second intake state that allows the air inside of the building into the first airflow switch module and prevents the air outside of the building into the first airflow switch module;a fan module for moving air from the first air flow switch module;one or more module that comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger configured to exchange heat with the air from the first air flow switch module;a second airflow switch module switchable between: a first exhaust state that allows the air from the first air flow switch module to exit to outside of the building and prevents the air from the first air flow switch module from entering the building; anda second exhaust state that allows the air from the first air flow switch module to exit to the inside of the building and preventing the air from the first air flow switch module from exiting to the outside of the building; anda controller module that causes the first airflow switch module to switch between the first intake state and the second intake state;causes the second airflow switch system to switch between the first exhaust state and the second exhaust state;causes the fan module to start or stop; and/orcauses the one or more module that comprises the heat exchanger to start or stop;wherein the fan module and the one or more module are disposed between the first airflow switch module and the second airflow switch module; andthe first airflow switch module, the fan module, the one or more module, and the second airflow switch module are removably connected to form a path for the air from the first airflow switch module to flow to the second airflow switch moduledout2.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein one of the one or more module that comprises the heat exchanger functions as an evaporator module such that heat from the air is absorbed through the heat exchanger, or a condenser module in which the heat exchanger is operatively connected to a compressor such that heat from compressed refrigerant dissipates from the heat exchanger.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein when a preset condition is met, the controller module causes the fan module to operate or stop operating; andthe one or more module to operate or stop operating.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the controller module is operatively connected to one or more appliance that is configured to determine whether the preset condition is met and triggers the controller module when the preset condition is met.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the preset condition is a temperature inside the building that is higher or lower than a predetermined temperature, or a temperature inside an appliance is higher or lower than a preset temperature.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein when a temperature of the air outside of the building is above or equals to the predetermined temperature, the first airflow switch module is set to the first intake state; andthe second airflow switch module is set to the first exhaust state; andwhen the temperature of the air outside of the building is lower than desired temperature, the first airflow switch module is set to the second intake state; andthe second airflow switch module is set to the second exhaust state.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the desired temperature is 0, 10, 20, or 30 degrees Celsius.

8. The system of claim 4, wherein when the temperature inside the building is higher than the predetermined temperature, the controller module causes the fan module and one or more of the condenser modules to operate.

9. The system of claim 4, wherein the appliance is a hot water tank and the controller module causes the fan module to operate and one or more of the evaporator modules absorbs the heat from the air to heat water in the hot water tank.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein one or more of the modules includes wheels and is mounted on a mounting rail such that the module is removable from the mounting rail.

11. The system of claim 1, further comprising a battery module configured to as a power source for one or more of the modules.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein a side of one or more of the modules comprises triple layer of silicate glass with argon gas sealed therein.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the modules are configured to be installed inside the building or outside of the building.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller module is configured to monitor pressure and temperature of the air that flows between the first airflow switch module and the second airflow switch module.

15. An HVAC system, comprising: a controller module;a first airflow switch module switchable between: a first intake state that allows air outside of a building into the first airflow switch module and prevents air inside of the building into the first airflow switch module; anda second intake state that allows the air inside of the building into the first airflow switch module and prevents the air outside of a building into the first airflow switch module;a fan module for moving the air from the first air flow switch module;one or more condenser module configured to generate heat that is transferred to the air;one or more heat exchanger module that is sized and shaped the same as the compressor module,removably disposed between to the condenser module and the second airflow switch module to join the path for the air, andconfigured to extract heat from the air;one or more heat pump module that is sized and shaped the same as the compressor module,removably disposed between the condenser module and the second airflow switch module to join the path for the air, andconfigured to extract heat from the air;anda second airflow switch module switchable between: a first exhaust state that allows the air to exit to outside of the building and prevents air from entering the building; anda second exhaust state that allows the air to exit to the inside of the building and preventing air from entering the outside;wherein the controller module is configured to control the first airflow switch module, the fan module, the condenser module, the heat pump module, and the second airflow switch module;the first airflow switch module, the fan module, the condenser module, the heat exchanger module, and the heat pump module form a path in which the air flows.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein a thermostat is operatively connected to the controller module such that when a temperature inside the building is higher than a predetermined value, the thermostat triggers the controller module to cause the fan module and one or more of the condenser modules to operate.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein when a temperature of the air outside of the building is above a desired temperature, the first airflow switch module is set to the first intake state; andthe second airflow switch module is set to the first exhaust state; andwhen the temperature of the air outside of the building is lower than the desired temperature, the first airflow switch module is set to the second intake state; andthe second airflow switch module is set to the second exhaust state.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the desired temperature is 0, 10, 20, or 30 degrees Celsius.

19. The system of claim 15, wherein the controller module is operatively connected to one or more appliances that are configured to determine whether a preset condition is met and trigger the controller module to control the modules when the preset condition is met.

20. An HVAC system, comprising: a controller module;a first condenser module;a first fan module;one or more heat exchanger module shaped and sized the same as the first condenser module;a second condenser module shaped and sized the same as the first condenser module; anda second fan module;wherein the controller module controls the condenser modules, and the fan modules;the condenser modules, the heat exchanger module, and the fan modules are removably connected to form a path for airflow;the condenser modules transfer heat to air when operating; andthe heat exchanger module extracts heat from the air when operating; andwhereinwhen a preset condition is met, the controller module causes the one or more of the condenser modules and the fan modules to operate; andwhen the preset condition is not met, the controller module causes the one or more of the condenser modules and the fan modules to stop operating.